EP3938145A2 - Handheld power tool and means for absorbing torque reaction forces for such a power tool - Google Patents
Handheld power tool and means for absorbing torque reaction forces for such a power toolInfo
- Publication number
- EP3938145A2 EP3938145A2 EP20708445.0A EP20708445A EP3938145A2 EP 3938145 A2 EP3938145 A2 EP 3938145A2 EP 20708445 A EP20708445 A EP 20708445A EP 3938145 A2 EP3938145 A2 EP 3938145A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power tool
- housing
- bolt
- socket
- input shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037974 severe injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
- B25B21/007—Attachments for drilling apparatus for screw or nut setting or loosening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to handheld power tools, more particularly to handheld power tools comprising means for absorbing torque reaction forces.
- Power tools for example fastening tools for tightening of nuts and bolts, are known to be used in various applications and industries. When using such tool for tightening,
- reaction torque caused by the turning force required to tighten the screw or bolt arises.
- This reaction torque must be dealt with, i.e. absorbed, by applying an equal and opposite force on the tool in order to obtain proper tightening .
- the reaction torque from a power tool is commonly absorbed by the operator. I.e., to counteract the torque reaction, the operator applies an equal and opposite force on the handle of the tool.
- reaction arms have to be adapted to the specific application depending on the position of suitable support against which the arm may bear, and therefore are expensive and offer little or no flexibility. Further, reaction arms also require a lot of space and hence there are many applications where
- a handheld power tool adapted to apply a torque to a bolt.
- the power tool comprising a rotatable input shaft, a housing comprising a front portion having an end surface oriented normal to the input shaft and adapted to selectively bear against a surface of a work piece, a radially protruding element arranged on the input shaft, and bearing rotatably against a shoulder formed in an inner side of the housing such that an axial force may be transferred from the input shaft to the housing, a socket adapted to engage a bolt protruding from the work piece surface such that a force may be exerted on the bolt by the socket in an axial direction, and a mechanism connecting the socket and the input shaft.
- mechanism is adapted to selectively provide a force pressing the end surface of the housing against the work piece surface when torque is applied to the bolt, and wherein this axial force pressing the housing against the work piece is
- the power tool provides an inventive solution to the concerns described above by means of a design incorporating housing adapted to bear against the work piece surface, a nut socket and a mechanism connecting this socket and the housing. More particularly, a socket adapted to not only apply torque to the bolt but to exert a force on the bolt in an axial direction, for example in a lifting or pulling direction on the bolt, and a mechanism connecting this socket and the housing such that the axial load is provided when torque is applied and transferred to the work piece via the housing by means of a pressing of the housing against the workpiece surface surrounding the bolt, or screw, thereby in turn enabling the generation of a friction torque which in turn absorbs the reaction torque and
- the invention allows the reaction torque to be absorbed by the workpiece in the area immediately around the bolt head by means of a friction torques.
- This makes for a very compact and versatile alternative to the known so called reaction arms, the latter since the inventive concept does not need to be adapted to the workpiece to support the reaction torque.
- the invention thereby eliminates strain on the operator and in cases where a reaction bar would normally be used, the
- the invention poses a compact and versatile option. Further, since the invention utilizes the friction between the housing and the surface, the invention also eliminates the risk of pinching- or crushing injuries which is often present when using conventional reaction bars. In other words, the
- inventive design hence cleverly provides not only a compact and versatile alternative to a traditional reaction bar, but also increases work place safety.
- inventive concept for example enables one hand tightening of high torque fasteners by using friction to absorb the reaction torque.
- the principle of pulling on the screw also has the additional advantage of reducing the friction under the head, thus enabling a more precise estimation of the clamp load achieved as will be explained in the following section briefly
- the protruding portion may be a separate element attached to an input shaft axle or a protruding portion integrally formed with the shaft.
- the tool may comprise an axial bearing arranged on the shoulder of the housing against which the protruding portion may rotatably bear.
- the motor is an electric motor.
- a tool comprising an air motor is however also conceivable within the scope of the present invention.
- the power tool may be a battery powered tool.
- the weight saving and improved ergonomics due to the elimination of the need of a heavy reaction arm provided by means of the inventive (front part of the) power tool may be of particular importance to a battery powered tools which tend to be heavier to begin with due to the weight of the battery.
- the tool may further comprise circuitry and/or be connectable to a controller (or control unit) operative to control the power tool.
- the power tool is a tool providing a higher tightening torque, for example in the range 1500-2500 Nm.
- the power tool is a tool providing a somewhat lower tightening torque, for example in the range 100-300 Nm.
- the mechanism further comprises a first element engaging the drive shaft, a second element engaging the socket and a connecting arrangement providing a connection between the first and second element, wherein the connecting arrangement is arranged to provide a connection allowing a variable axial distance between the first and second element.
- first element may for example be attached to the drive shaft by means of a press fit or similar.
- the socket in such an embodiment may be described as movably arranged with respect to the input shaft where at least a limited relative movement there between is allowed due to the nature of the connecting mechanism.
- the socket is movably arranged between a first and a second position, wherein in the first position the front end of the socket is arranged at a distance dl from the front end of the housing and in the second position the front end of the socket is arranged at a distance d2 from the front end of the housing, wherein dl>d2.
- the first and second element are further coaxially arranged with respect to the input shaft and wherein the connecting arrangement is further arranged to provide a connection such that first and second element are further movably arranged between a first relative angular position and a second relative angular position.
- the first and second element may be substantially annular (or disc shaped) elements each comprising a hole through which the input shaft may extend. As the first element engages the shaft and the second element the socket, it follows that the second element and hence the socket may be rotated with respect to the input shaft, at least to a limited extent.
- variable axial distance between the first and second element decreases as the first and second element move from the first relative angular position to the second relative angular position.
- the second relative angular position is a position in which the mechanism exerts the axial force on the housing. I.e., there is a kinematic relationship provided between the axial and the rotational movement, or relative movement.
- the first and second element may be arranged in a first relative position in which no axial force is exerted and in a second relative position where the axial force is exerted on the bolt and hence acts on the housing.
- the first element comprises a first contact surface and the second element comprises a second contact surface, and wherein the second contact surface is an opposite surface facing the first contact surface.
- first and second contact surface may conveniently engage one another.
- At least one of the first and second contact surface comprises an inclined surface portion, wherein the inclined surface portion has a first pitch.
- each of the first and second contact surfaces comprises such an inclined portion, or ramp, such that the first and second contact surface may interact in order to provide for the axial force.
- the axial force generated by the mechanism is determined by this pitch. Further, the force increases proportionally to the torque applied to the bolt. Therefore, a constant margin against sliding is maintained throughout the tightening process, assuming constant friction coefficients.
- the mechanism is an axial cam mechanism such that a relative rotation between the first and second element results in a change in the axial distance between the first and second element.
- cam mechanism in a broad sense refers to a mechanism which transform a rotary movement into a linear movement.
- first and second element may also be referred to as a first and second cam ring.
- cam ring should in this case be understood an element comprising a cam surface, i.e. a surface having a pitch, such that a rotation may be transformed into linear movement.
- the mechanism may be for example a screw mechanism.
- the cam mechanism further comprises
- Such an element may be a roller or a ball.
- the at least one rolling element is arranged between the first and second contact surface.
- the rolling element may roll along the inclined surfaces in order to facilitate the relative rotation.
- the first and the second element each comprises a portion having a substantially cylindrical shape, wherein the respective contact surface are arranged along an outer portion of a respective substantially circular cross section of the cylindrical portions of the first and second element.
- This facilities assembly and mounting of the elements in the housing which may be a cylindrical housing.
- the rolling elements may hence be arranged to roll between the two substantially cylindrical elements as they rotate with respect to one another.
- the second element is a clutch unit comprising a contact element and a sleeve element, wherein the contact element comprises the second contact surface, wherein the sleeve element is arranged to connect the contact element and the socket and wherein the sleeve element encloses the first element and the contact element.
- the mechanism comprises a
- the first and second element may comprise a corresponding number of inclined contact surface portions, or ramps, such that each of the plurality of rolling elements may be arranged between a respective pair of contact surfaces.
- the socket is adapted to engage under a head of the bolt.
- a firm connection for applying the axial force may be established.
- the socket may be suitably adapted depending of the shape of the bolt head used in a specific application.
- the socket may be adapted to engage a side of the bolt or a specific engaging structure provided on the bolt (where one example would be a hole or at least protrusion provided in the bolt in which a corresponding structure of the bolt may engage) .
- the power tool further comprises an ultrasonic measurement device.
- Ultrasonic Ultrasonic
- ultra-sonic pulses are transmitted into the bolt by means of a suitable transducer and the response time, often referred to as the time of flight, is monitored.
- the time of flight provides a measurement of the length of the bolt and hence, any measured increase in the time of flight corresponds to an increase of the length of the bolt, and thus, of the clamp force in the bolt.
- Problems associated with such ultra sound methods however include difficulties to establish a good enough contact between the ultra-sonic meter and the bolt, commonly leading to an undesired need to use special screws and/or other special arrangements on the tool.
- the inventive arrangement described in the foregoing and more particularly the axial force generated thereby may cleverly be utilized to provide the additional effect of facilitating the establishment of a proper contact between the bolt head and the socket. I.e., providing the additional effect of
- the ultrasonic measurement device comprises an ultrasonic transducer and is adapted to measure time of flight of an ultrasonic wave in a bolt during
- the transducer is arranged such that contact may be established between the transducer and the bolt head, preferably in the socket.
- a front part for a power tool adapted to apply torque to a bolt is
- This aspect hence relates to a separate part or accessory for a power tool and accordingly further comprises suitable means for attaching a front part housing to the housing of the tool and the input shaft to a rotating shaft of the tool.
- a screw assembly adapted for
- the socket may for example be arranged to
- Such a screw assembly may in some embodiments comprise means for facilitating the use of standards screw, such means may
- a suitable washer to be arranged on (i.e. around) the screw such that access to the screw head with which the socket of the inventive power tool is adapted to engage is
- socket may engage the underside of the bolt head and/or the
- Figure la is a cross sectional view of an exemplary power tool according to one embodiment in a first position.
- Figure lb is a cross sectional view of an exemplary power tool according to one embodiment in a second position.
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a component comprised by the inventive mechanism according to one embodiment.
- Fig. la and b are both cross sectional views of a front part of an exemplary power tool 1 according to one embodiment, in this case a handheld bolt tightening tool 1.
- the tool is adapted to tighten a joint by means of applying a torque to a bolt B and comprises a rotatable input shaft 10 adapted to engage for example an output axle of a motor (not shown) , a housing 11 comprising a front portion (or front end) 111 having an end surface 111a oriented substantially normal to the input shaft 10 and adapted to selectively bear against the surface S of the workpiece WP into which the bolt B is tightened.
- a radially protruding element 101 in the
- a rotationally symmetric funnel shaped collar 101 integrally formed with the input shaft 10 is arranged to rotatably bear against a shoulder 111b formed in an inner side 11' of the housing 11 such that an axial load or force may be transferred from the input shaft 10 to the housing 11 via this shoulder 111b and bearing 13 while the input shaft 10 may still rotate with respect to the housing 11.
- an axial bearing facilitating this rotation or any other similar element such as a ball bearing or a sliding bearing, may be arranged on the shoulder 111b such that the radially protruding element 101 may bear there against.
- a socket 12 is adapted to engage the bolt B, for example a hexagonal bolt head of the bolt B, surface such that a force may be exerted on the bolt by the socket in an axial direction.
- the socket 12 is adapted to engage under the bolt head, thereby establishing a firm engagement for applying a pulling force on the bolt B.
- the tool comprises a mechanism 20 connecting the socket 12 and the input shaft 10 and adapted to selectively exert an axial force on the bolt and housing when torque is applied to the bolt thereby pressing the end surface 111a of the housing against the work piece surface S.
- This axial force is proportional to the torque applied to the bolt.
- the mechanism in the illustrated embodiment comprises a first element 21 engaging the drive shaft 10 and a second element 22 engaging the socket 12.
- a connecting arrangement 23 is
- the input shaft 10 is axially constrained with respect to the housing 11, it follows that a limited relative movement is provided also between the socket and the housing.
- the first and second element 21, 22 are further coaxially arranged around the input shaft 10 and the connecting
- first and second element 21, 22 are movably arranged between a first relative angular position and a second relative angular position. Since the first element 21 engages the input shaft, it follows that the second element 22 may be slightly turned with respect to the shaft. This movement is such that the axial distance between the elements decreases as the relative rotation occurs. Further, depending on the relative rotation, the mechanism 20 exerts or does not exert the axial force on the bolt and housing 11 as will become apparent when the operation of the mechanism is later described.
- the first element 21 has an overall cylindrical shape.
- the second element 22 in the illustrated embodiment in turn comprises a contact element 221 and a housing element 222, where the housing element 222 engages the socket 12 and the contact element 221 similarly to the first element 21 has an overall cylindrical shape.
- the housing element connects the contact element 221 and the socket 12 and further encloses the first element 21 and the contact element 221 and may therefore be referred as a mechanism housing 222.
- the first element 21 and the contact element 221 of the second element 22 are equal in their design, an example is shown in fig. 2.
- first and the second element 21, 22 comprises a first contact surface 21a and a second contact surface 22b respectively, where the second contact surface 22a is opposite to and facing the first contact surface 21 a.
- Each of the contact surfaces 21a, 22a further comprises an inclined surface portion 21a' , 22a' or ramp 21a' , 22a' , having a suitable pitch, these respective inclined portion may together form a contact surface pair.
- the mechanism in of the illustrated embodiment may also be referred to as an axial cam mechanism, where relative rotation between the first and second cam ring 21, 22 (i.e. the first and second element 21, 22 referred to above) results in a change in the axial distance between these rings .
- first and second element 21, 22 each comprises at least a portion 21p, 22p having a
- each element 21, 22 comprises five contact surface portions 21a, 22a, together forming five contact surface pairs .
- rolling element 24 are arranged between the contact surfaces 21a, 22a, more particularly between the inclined surface portions 21a' , 22a' to engage the surfaces.
- one rolling element is associate with each surface pair, and hence five rolling element 24 are comprised.
- the housing 11 In an initial state, shown in fig. la, the housing 11 has just contacted the work piece WP . Until this point, the first element 21 which engages, or is attached to, the input shaft 11 has driven the second element 22 (comprising the contact element 221 and the housing 222) and the socket 12 in ordinary rotation .
- the mechanism 20 (or cam mechanism) is in what may be referred to as a top position, i.e. the rolling element 24 is arranged at a respective end of the respective inclined portion 21a' , 22a' of each of the contact surfaces 21a, 22a and the axial distance between the first and the second element 21, 21, more particularly the contact element 221 of the second element, is at its maximum.
- the housing 11 now has reached and bears against the work piece surface and can no longer follow the axial movement of the bolt B, as the bolt B continuous to rotate the rolling element 24 starts to roll downhill and the distance between the first element 21 and the contact element 221 of the second element decreases.
- the socket is now positioned closer to the work piece, i.e. the distance d2 is smaller than the distance dl indicated in fig. la, and the rolling element 24 is now positioned at an intermediate position P along the inclined contact surface portions 21a' , 22a' (i.e. the surface pair) and from this point, the axial force generated by the mechanism is proportional to the transferred torque and determined by the pitch of the inclined portions 21a' , 22a' .
- the torque is however still very small, so not much force is generated.
- the screw head makes contact with the workpiece surface, the torque starts to increase and the axial force increases proportionally.
- the clamp force generated in the joint increases until the set torque is reached.
- the cam generates an axial force determined by its pitch, the force increases proportionally to the torque on the screw thereby maintaining a constant margin against sliding throughout the tightening process, assuming constant friction coefficients.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1930084 | 2019-03-11 | ||
PCT/EP2020/054548 WO2020182441A2 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2020-02-20 | Handheld power tool and means for absorbing torque reaction forces for such a power tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3938145A2 true EP3938145A2 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
EP3938145B1 EP3938145B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
Family
ID=69740327
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20708445.0A Active EP3938145B1 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2020-02-20 | Handheld power tool and means for absorbing torque reaction forces for such a power tool |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3938145B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020182441A2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5787350B2 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2015-09-30 | ユニタイト株式会社 | Fastening structure, reaction force washer used therefor, and fastening socket |
US20190120275A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2019-04-25 | HYTORC Division Unex Corporation | Apparatus for tightening threaded fasteners |
US11077543B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2021-08-03 | HYTORC Division Unex Corporation | Apparatus for tightening threaded fasteners |
-
2020
- 2020-02-20 EP EP20708445.0A patent/EP3938145B1/en active Active
- 2020-02-20 WO PCT/EP2020/054548 patent/WO2020182441A2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020182441A9 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
EP3938145B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
WO2020182441A2 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
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