EP3929381A1 - Lock cylinder - Google Patents

Abstract

Lock cylinder unlockable by an authorized key, this cylinder comprising:- a rotor (52),- an unlatching mechanism capable of being triggered in response to an attempted break-in by drilling the rotor, this mechanism comprising a control rod which connects a spring actuator (220, 222) at an upstream attachment point (82).The upstream attachment point (82) and the control rod are housed inside the rotor (52) and the upstream attachment (82) is located between an outer face of the rotor and a housing of the rotor which receives a tip of a rotation blocking member of the rotor.

Description

The invention relates to a lock cylinder.

• une position rétractée dans laquelle le rotor peut être librement tourné,
• une position de blocage ferme dans laquelle il bloque la rotation du rotor et, en même temps, interdit le déverrouillage électrique de la serrure électronique, et
• une position de blocage intermédiaire dans laquelle il autorise le déverrouillage électrique de la serrure électronique et, en absence de déverrouillage électrique, bloque la rotation du rotor.

Requirement EP3498948 discloses an electronic lock comprising a member for blocking the rotation of the rotor of the cylinder. This locking member can be moved successively between:

• a retracted position in which the rotor can be freely rotated,
• a firm blocking position in which it blocks the rotation of the rotor and, at the same time, prevents the electric unlocking of the electronic lock, and
• an intermediate locking position in which it allows the electric unlocking of the electronic lock and, in the absence of electric unlocking, blocks the rotation of the rotor.

It is the introduction of a key into the key channel of the rotor which causes the movement of the blocking member from its firm blocking position to its intermediate blocking position. For this purpose, a point of the locking member protrudes inside the key channel.

This type of cylinder is sensitive to break-ins by drilling the rotor. Drilling the rotor consists of drilling the lock in the axis of rotation of the rotor until the tip of the locking member is destroyed. When this tip is destroyed, the rotor can then be rotated to unlock the cylinder.

To fight against break-in attempts by drilling the rotor, the demand FR2626925 describes the implementation of a delator mechanism in the cylinder. A release mechanism is a mechanism which, in response to an attempted break-in, locks, usually permanently, the cylinder using additional locking means. Such a deleter mechanism therefore makes it more difficult to break in by drilling the rotor. However, these release mechanisms are bulky and therefore difficult to implement in cylinders that are not very bulky, such as profiled cylinders in the European format.

In addition, sometimes, the release mechanism proves to be unreliable in the sense that the final locking of the cylinder must not occur accidentally. In particular, it must not occur in response to a slam of the door on which this cylinder is installed.

The state of the art is also known from US2019078352A1 , WO2019206821A1 , GB2553812A , EP3550097A1 , CN203559642U and CN202831821U . However, none of these documents describes a lock comprising a release mechanism which is triggered before the tip of the blocking member which locks the rotation of the rotor is destroyed by drilling the rotor.

• rendre le cylindre plus robuste vis-à-vis des tentatives d'effraction par perçage du rotor,
• conserver un encombrement réduit, et
• accroître la fiabilité d'un mécanisme délateur.

The invention therefore aims to achieve at least one of the following objectives:

• make the cylinder more robust against break-in attempts by drilling the rotor,
• keep a small footprint, and
• increase the reliability of an informant mechanism.

It therefore relates to a cylinder according to claim 1.

• la figure 1 est une illustration schématique d'une porte équipée d'une serrure,
• la figure 2 est une illustration schématique, en perspective, d'un cylindre de la serrure de la figure 1 ;
• les figures 3 et 4 sont des illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale, du cylindre de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 5 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale et en perspective, du cylindre de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 6 est une illustration schématique et en perspective d'un actionneur électrique du cylindre de la figure 2;
• la figure 7 est une illustration schématique, partielle et en coupe verticale longitudinale, d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un rotor pour le cylindre de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 8 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale et en perspective, du rotor de la figure 7 ;
• les figures 9 et 10 sont des illustrations schématiques, partielle et en coupe verticale longitudinale, du rotor de la figure 7 dans deux positions de fonctionnement différentes;
• la figure 10 est une illustration schématique, en perspective, du rotor de la figure 7;
• les figures 12 à 13 sont des illustrations schématique, en perspective, d'autres modes de réalisation du rotor de la figure 7 ;
• la figure 14 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale, d'un mécanisme délateur du cylindre de la figure 2 ;
• la figure 15 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale transversale, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position inactive ;
• la figure 16 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale et en perspective, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position inactive ;
• la figure 17 est une illustration schématique, partielle et en perspective, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position inactive;
• la figure 18 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale longitudinale, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position sortie;
• la figure 19 est une illustration schématique, en coupe verticale transversale, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position sortie;
• la figure 20 est une illustration schématique, partielle et en perspective, du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans une position sortie;
• la figure 21 est une illustration schématique, en perspective, d'un délateur du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14;
• la figure 22 est une illustration schématique, en perspective et en vue de dessous, d'une tige du rotor du cylindre de la figure 3;
• la figure 23 est une illustration schématique, en perspective et en vue de dessus, de la tige du rotor du cylindre de la figure 3;
• la figure 24 est une illustration schématique, en perspective, d'un crochet du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14;
• les figures 25 et 26 sont des illustrations schématiques, en perspective, d'un actionneur à ressort du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14 dans deux états différents;
• la figure 27 est une illustration schématique d'un ressort de l'actionneur des figures 25 et 26;
• les figures 28 à 31 sont des illustrations schématiques, en coupe verticale longitudinale, de quatre variantes du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14;
• les figures 32 à 33 sont des illustrations schématiques, en coupe verticale longitudinale, d'une variante supplémentaire du mécanisme délateur de la figure 14.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of non-limiting example, and made with reference to the drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a door fitted with a lock,
• the figure 2 is a schematic illustration, in perspective, of a cylinder of the lock of the figure 1 ;
• the figures 3 and 4 are schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section, of the cylinder of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 5 is a schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section and in perspective, of the cylinder of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 6 is a schematic and perspective illustration of an electric actuator for the cylinder of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 7 is a schematic illustration, partial and in longitudinal vertical section, of another embodiment of a rotor for the cylinder of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 8 is a schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section and in perspective, of the rotor of the figure 7 ;
• the figures 9 and 10 are diagrammatic illustrations, partial and in longitudinal vertical section, of the rotor of the figure 7 in two different operating positions;
• the figure 10 is a schematic illustration, in perspective, of the rotor of the figure 7 ;
• the figures 12 to 13 are schematic illustrations, in perspective, of other embodiments of the rotor of the figure 7 ;
• the figure 14 is a schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section, of a release mechanism from the cylinder of the figure 2 ;
• the figure 15 is a schematic illustration, in transverse vertical section, of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 in an inactive position;
• the figure 16 is a schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section and in perspective, of the release mechanism of the figure 14 in an inactive position;
• the figure 17 is a schematic illustration, partial and in perspective, of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 in an inactive position;
• the figure 18 is a schematic illustration, in longitudinal vertical section, of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 in an extended position;
• the figure 19 is a schematic illustration, in transverse vertical section, of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 in an extended position;
• the figure 20 is a schematic illustration, partial and in perspective, of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 in an extended position;
• the figure 21 is a schematic illustration, in perspective, of an informer of the informing mechanism of the figure 14 ;
• the figure 22 is a schematic illustration, in perspective and in bottom view, of a rod of the rotor of the cylinder of the figure 3 ;
• the figure 23 is a schematic illustration, in perspective and in top view, of the rotor rod of the cylinder of the figure 3 ;
• the figure 24 is a schematic illustration, in perspective, of a hook of the release mechanism of the figure 14 ;
• the figures 25 and 26 are schematic illustrations, in perspective, of a spring actuator of the release mechanism of the figure 14 in two different states;
• the figure 27 is a schematic illustration of a spring for the actuator of the figures 25 and 26 ;
• the figures 28 to 31 are schematic illustrations, in longitudinal vertical section, of four variants of the releasing mechanism of the figure 14 ;
• the figures 32 to 33 are schematic illustrations, in longitudinal vertical section, of a further variant of the release mechanism of the figure 14 .

In these figures, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same elements. In the remainder of this description, the characteristics and functions well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail.

In this description, the general context is first described in a chapter I. Then, in a chapter II, detailed embodiments of a cylinder equipped with a sliding rod inside a rotor are described. An informant mechanism for one of the lock cylinders of chapter II is presented in chapter III. Other embodiments of this disclaimer mechanism are presented in chapter IV. Variants of the different embodiments described in the previous chapters are presented in a chapter V. Finally, the advantages of the different embodiments are presented in a chapter VI.

Chapter I: General context

The figure 1 represents a door 2. This door 2 has an interior side, typically located inside a room, and an exterior side on the opposite side. It is typically a door to an apartment or a house. Hereinafter, the terms “interior” and “exterior” refer, respectively, to the interior and exterior side of the door 2. The door 2 extends here in a vertical plane. Hereinafter, the vertical direction is designated by the Z direction of an orthogonal frame of reference XYZ. The direction X is perpendicular to the vertical plane in which the door 2 mainly extends. All of the figures are oriented with respect to this reference mark XYZ. Terms such as "top", "bottom", "upper" and "lower" are defined with respect to the Z direction. Terms such as "front", "rear" are defined with respect to the Y direction. such as "left" and "right" are defined relative to the X direction.

Door 2 is fitted with a handle 4 and a lock 6. To simplify figure 1 , only part of the door 2 is shown.

The lock 6 comprises a bolt 10 movable in translation, parallel to the Y direction, alternately and reversibly, between a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the bolt 10 protrudes beyond the edge of the door 2 to engage in a keeper fixed without any degree of freedom on the frame of the door 2. In the locked position, the bolt 10 locks door 2 in its closed position. In the unlocked position, the bolt 10 is retracted inside the door 2 and no longer protrudes beyond the edge of this door 2. In the unlocked position, the door 2 can be moved by a user from a closed position to an open position by operating the handle 4.

The lock 6 also comprises a cylinder 12 and a screw 14 for fixing the cylinder 12 in the door 2. The cylinder 12 moves the bolt 10 from its locked position to its unlocked position when a key 16 ( figure 2 ), authorized to unlock the lock 6, is introduced, then turned inside this cylinder. The cylinder 12 also moves the bolt 10 from its unlocked position to its locked position when the authorized key is introduced and then turned in the opposite direction inside this cylinder. Conversely, when an unauthorized key is introduced inside the cylinder 12, this cylinder prevents the movement of the bolt 10 from its locked position to its unlocked position.

Here, the key 16 can be introduced inside the cylinder 12 from the exterior side and, alternately, from the interior side of the door 2. For this purpose, the cylinder 12 opens out on each side of the door 2.

The screw 14 has a head which is flush with the edge of the door 2. The threaded end of the screw 14 is screwed into the cylinder 12 to hold it in place inside the door 2.

The figure 2 shows cylinder 12 in more detail. Here, cylinder 12 is a profile cylinder in European format as defined in DIN 18252 (May 2018). The cylinder 12 extends along a longitudinal axis 20 parallel to the direction X. It comprises a stator 50 fixed without any degree of freedom to the door 2 by means of the screw 14 and a bit 24 housed in the 'inside a transverse notch 26.

The notch 26 extends in a transverse plane 28 parallel to the Y, Z directions. Here, only a part of the plane 28 is shown in the figure. figure 2 . Plane 28 is a plane of symmetry for bit 24.

The bit 24 rotates in one direction around the axis 20 to move the bolt 10 from its locked position to its unlocked position and in the opposite direction to move the bolt 10 from its unlocked position to its locked position.

Plane 28 also divides stator 50 into two parts. The part of the stator 50 located on the interior side of the door 2 is called the “interior half-stator” and bears the reference 30. The part of the stator 50 located on the exterior side of the door 2 is called the “exterior half-stator” and door the reference 32. In this particular embodiment, the half-stators 30 and 32 are almost symmetrical one on the other with respect to the plane 28. Thus, only the half-stator 32 is described in more detail because the shape of the half-stator 30 can be deduced from the explanations given for the half-stator 32.

The half-stator 32 comprises a front cover 34 parallel to the plane 28 and directly exposed to the outside of the door 2. This cover 34 prevents direct access to the moving parts located inside the cylinder 12 so as to protect them against attempted break-ins. This cover 34 is crossed by an orifice 36 intended to receive a blade 38 of the key 16. The orifice 36 is centered on the axis 20. The orifice 36 is shaped so as to allow the introduction of the blade 38 to inside the cylinder 12 by a translational movement parallel to the X direction. The orifice 36 is also shaped to allow the key 16 inserted inside the cylinder 12 to rotate on itself around the axis 20 .

• autorise le déverrouillage de la serrure 6 si le code d'accès reçu est celui d'une clef autorisée à ouvrir la porte 2, et en alternance
• interdise le déverrouillage de la serrure 6 si le code d'accès reçu est celui d'une clef non-autorisée.

Here, the key 16 is an electronic key capable of transmitting an access code to the cylinder 12 so that the latter, in response:

• authorizes unlocking of lock 6 if the access code received is that of a key authorized to open door 2, and alternately
• prevents unlocking of the lock 6 if the access code received is that of an unauthorized key.

To this end, the key 16 includes a transmitter 40. For example, the transmitter 40 is a transmitter capable of transmitting the access code to the cylinder 12 by a wired link established by the intermediary of the blade 38. This technology is well known. For example, this is described in the request for patent EP3477023 . It will therefore not be described here in more detail.

The blade 38 comprises at least one pattern able to cooperate with a pattern of complementary shape on a rotor of the cylinder 12 to drive this rotor in rotation when the key turns. Here, this pattern on the blade 38 is a flat 42 located on its free end. On the other hand, the blade 38 has no relief pattern intended to move the lock pins to cause a mechanical unlocking of the lock 6.

The key 16 comprises a body 39 from which the blade 38 extends. This body 39 forms a gripping means which allows the user to insert and then turn the key 16 inside the lock 6.

Here, for example, the key 16 is identical to that described in the request EP3477023 .

Under the notch 26 and in the plane 28, the cylinder 12 has a threaded hole 44, extending parallel to the direction Y. This hole 44 receives the screw 14 to fix, without degrees of freedom, the cylinder 12 to the inside door 2.

Chapter II: Cylinders with sliding rod in the rotor

The figures 3 to 5 represent in longitudinal section the cylinder 12. The longitudinal section and carried out along a vertical plane containing the axis 20.

The architecture of cylinder 12 is symmetrical with respect to plane 28 except as regards the electronic mechanism for unlocking the lock and the disclaimer mechanism.

Likewise, most of the parts of cylinder 12 are also symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal cutting plane. Therefore, subsequently, only the parts of these parts which are on the rear side of this longitudinal plane are described in detail.

The half-cylinder 32 comprises the stator 50 and a rotor 52 mounted in rotation inside the stator 50.

The stator 50 comprises the front cover 34 and a part 54 in the form of an inverted "T".

The part 54 mechanically connects the front cover 34 to a rear cover 56 of the half-cylinder 30. The rear cover 56 is symmetrical with the front cover 54 with respect to the plane 28. The tapped hole 44 is made in the lower part of the part. 54. The notch 26 is made in the vertical foot of the part 54. This foot is located at the level of the plane 28 and extends from bottom to top.

The rotor 52 turns on itself around the axis 20 when it is driven in rotation by the key 16 authorized to unlock the lock 6. For this purpose, the rotor 52 is mounted in a cylindrical duct 58 of circular section arranged in the stator 50 along the axis 20. As the rotor 52 rotates, it rotates the rib 24 with it to move the bolt 10 between its locked and unlocked positions. For this purpose, here, the paneton 24 is mechanically connected, without any degree of freedom, to the rotor 52. For example, the paneton 24 is attached to the rotor 52 as described in the application. EP2993283A1 .

The rotor 52 has a tubular frame 60 and a rod 62 mounted inside the frame 60.

The frame 60 is rotatably mounted inside the duct 58. The frame 60 is stationary in translation with respect to the stator 50 and does not move in translation along the axis 20.

The frame 60 comprises, on the outside, a key channel 64 intended to receive at least the end of the blade 38 of the key 16. The channel 64 is shaped to cooperate with the flat 42 so that the key 16 drives the key 16. rotor 52 in rotation around the axis 20 when this key 16 is turned.

On the interior side, the frame 60 comprises a key channel 66 symmetrical to the channel 64 with respect to the plane 28.

The frame 60 comprises a circular liner 68 whose axis of revolution coincides with the axis 20 and a hole 70 passing through this liner 68 to emerge inside a circular hole 72. The circular hole 72 extends along the axis 20 over the entire length of the frame 60. The axis of revolution of the circular hole 72 coincides with the axis 20.

The hole 70 is able to receive the tip 78 of a blocking member 80 to block the rotation of the rotor 52 and thus prevent the unlocking of the cylinder 12.

In this embodiment, as more clearly visible on the figure 7 , the frame 60 is formed by an assembly of several parts 60a to 60d ( figure 7 ) between them. The different parts 60a to 60d are fixed with each other without any degree of freedom.

The rod 62 is slidably mounted inside the hole 72. It is therefore movable in translation along the axis 20. More precisely, it is movable by the key 16 between a rest position illustrated on the figures. figures 3 and 5 and a depressed position shown on the figure 4 . In this embodiment, the rod 62 is formed of two parts 62a and 62b embedded, without any degree of freedom, one inside the other. Parts 62a and 62b are more clearly visible on the figures 14 and 18 .

On the outside, the rod 62 comprises a stopper 82 which slides through a circular orifice hollowed out through a vertical bottom 84 of the channel 64. In the rest position, the stopper 82 protrudes inside the channel 64. Thus, the end of the blade 38 of the key 16 comes to bear against the stopper 82 when it is introduced into this channel 64. The key 16 then moves the rod 62 from its rest position to its depressed position when it is inserted into this channel 64. The key 16 then moves the rod 62 from its rest position to its depressed position. is introduced and then pushed inside channel 64. In the depressed position, the stopper 82 is flush with the inner face of the vertical bottom 84 ( Figure 4 ).

On the inside, the rod 62 also comprises a stopper 86 which is symmetrical with the stopper 82 relative to the plane 28 in the rest position of the rod 62. In the rest position, the rod 62 has a housing 90 at the end. inside which is received the tip 78 of the locking member 80. The housing 90 and the tip 78 are shaped so that, by simple cooperation of form with one another, the rod 62 pushes the tip 78 out of the housing 90 when the rod 62 moves from its rest position towards its depressed position. For this, here, at least one of the housing 90 and of the tip 78 has an inclined side. For example, the tip 78 is frustoconical and its lower base is located outside the housing 90 even when the rod 62 is in its rest position. More precisely, in the rest position of the rod 62, the base of the tip 78 is located at the level of the interface between the rod 62 and the frame 60 or inside the hole 70.

The point 78 is extended downwards by a cylindrical section whose axis of revolution is vertical. The section of this cylindrical section is circular. In the rest position of the rod 62, the upper end of this cylindrical section is received inside the hole 70 and the walls of the hole 70 are parallel to the walls of the cylindrical section. Thus, when this cylindrical section is received inside the hole 70, it firmly locks the rotor 52 in rotation in its position shown in the figure. figure 3 .

In this embodiment, the housing 90 is a circular groove which extends over the entire periphery of the rod 62 and whose axis of revolution coincides with the axis 20. In addition, here, the cross section of the rod. housing 90, i.e. the one visible on the figures 3 to 5 , is also conical or frustoconical.

Upstream of the housing 90, that is to say on the side furthest from the plane 28, the rod 62 comprises a first cylindrical portion 94 on which the tip 78 bears when the rod 62 is in its depressed position. The axis of revolution of the cylindrical portion 94 is centered on the axis 20. The radius of the cylindrical portion 94 is large enough so that, in the depressed position, the tip 78 of the locking member 80 is less depressed at inside the rotor 52 than in its rest position ( figure 4 ).

So that the operation of the cylinder 12 is the same when the key 16 is introduced from the interior side, downstream of the housing 90, that is to say on the most close to the plane 28, the rod 62 comprises a second cylindrical portion 96. The cylindrical portion 96 fulfills the same function as the portion 94 but in the case where the rod 62 is pushed to the left by the key inserted from the inside.

The rod 62 is permanently urged towards its rest position by springs 100, 102 ( figure 3 ). These springs 100 and 102 are more clearly visible on the figure 7 . Each of these springs 100, 102 bears, on one side, on a shoulder of the frame 60 and, on the opposite side, on a central shoulder of the rod 62.

In this particular embodiment, the rotor 52 also incorporates a deleter mechanism which triggers, in response to an attempted break-in by piercing the rotor, the displacement of a delator 130 from a rest position, shown in the figures. figures 3 to 5 , to an extended position. More precisely, this disclaimer mechanism is entirely housed inside the rotor 52 and, in this embodiment, fixed on the rod 62. Thus, this disclaimer mechanism rotates around the axis 20 at the same time as the rotor 52. In addition, this deleter mechanism moves in translation along the axis 20 at the same time as the rod 62. This deleter mechanism is described in more detail in the following chapter III.

The stator 50 comprises an electronic mechanism for locking and, alternately, for unlocking the rotation of the rotor 52. This mechanism comprises in particular an electric actuator 52b ( Figure 6 ), an arm 38b ( Figure 6 ) memory, a lever 34b ( Figure 6 ) locking and the locking member 80. In the absence of a key in the channel 64 or 66, the locking member 80 is in the closed locking position shown in the figure. figure 3 . In this position, in addition to blocking the rotation of the rotor 52, the member 80 also prevents the unlocking of the lock by the electronic unlocking mechanism. For this, here, the member 80 prohibits the movement of the lever 34b from a locking position to an unlocking position. In the locking position, the lever 34b prevents the movement of the locking member 80 to a retracted position in which it allows the rotation of the rotor. In the unlocked position, on the contrary, the locking member 80 can be moved to its retracted position.

When the key 16 is introduced into the channel 64, the end of the blade 38 pushes the rod 62 from its rest position to its depressed position. As explained above, this simultaneously moves the blocking member 80 from its firm blocking position to an intermediate blocking position shown. on the figure 4 . In the intermediate locking position, the locking member 80 authorizes the unlocking of the electronic lock by the electronic unlocking mechanism. Here, in the intermediate locking position, the locking member 80 allows the lever 34b to be moved towards its unlocked position. More precisely, in response to the introduction of a key 16 authorized to unlock the cylinder 12, an opening command is transmitted to the actuator 52b. In response, the actuator 52b causes the lever 34b to rotate towards its unlocked position. When the lever 34b is in its unlocked position, the locking member 80 can then be pushed further inside the stator 50 to completely release the rotation of the rotor 52. Here, the locking member 80 is moved by. its intermediate locking position towards its retracted position by the rotation of the key 16 and therefore of the rotor 52. More precisely, the point 78 cooperates with the hole 70 to transform the rotational movement of the armature 60 into an axial force which pushes the locking member 80 inside the stator 50 until it reaches its retracted position.

Conversely, if an unauthorized key is introduced into channel 64, no opening command is generated. Thus, the lever 34b remains in its locking position. In this locking position, it prevents the locking member 80 from reaching its retracted position, even if the user tries to turn an unauthorized key inside the cylinder 12. Thus, the tip 78 remains stuck. in the hole 70 and blocks the rotation of the rotor 52.

An exemplary embodiment of this electronic unlocking mechanism is shown in the figure. figure 6 . In this exemplary embodiment, the electronic unlocking mechanism is identical to that described in detail in the application. EP2412901 . So on the figure 6 , the numerical references used to designate the various parts of this electronic mechanism bear the same references as those used in the application EP2412901 except that they are followed by the letter "b".

Since this electronic unlocking mechanism is known, it is not described here in more detail. It is only recalled that the lower end of the locking member 80 comprises a heel 29b. In the firm locking position, the heel 29b is mainly located above a horizontal plane passing through the axis 36b of rotation of the lever 34b and of the storage arm 38b. The heel 29b therefore prevents in this position the rotation of the lever 34b towards its unlocked position. In Indeed, if the lever 34b turns to the right, it then comes into abutment against the heel 29b before reaching its unlocking position. It is therefore retained, by the locking member 80, in its locking position. In addition, the electronic unlocking mechanism comprises a spring 50b which permanently urges the locking member 80 towards its firm locking position. Here, this spring 50b is interposed between the heel 29b and a fulcrum on the stator 50.

Thus, in the firm blocking position, the blocking member 80 systematically prohibits the movement of the lever 34b towards its unlocked position. Consequently, the lever 34b cannot move towards its unlocked position even if significant vibrations are applied to the cylinder 12 or even if an opening command is transmitted to the actuator 52b.

In the intermediate locking position, the heel 29 is located below the horizontal plane passing through the axis 36b. Under these conditions, the heel 29b no longer hinders the rotation of the lever 34b towards its unlocked position.

Thus, in the intermediate locking position, the locking member 80 allows movement of the lever 34b towards its unlocked position. In this position, in the absence of an opening control, the lever 34b is held in its vertical position by a removable stop 51b. Thus, in this position, as long as the opening command is not received, the lever 34b prevents the locking member 80 from sinking further inside the stator 50 to reach its retracted position. Consequently, the rotor 52 remains locked in rotation. On the other hand, in the intermediate locking position, if an opening command is received, the electric actuator 52b causes the storage arm 38b to pivot, which retracts the stop 51b then moves the lever 34b towards its unlocking position.

In the unlocked position, the lever 34b no longer opposes the depression of the locking member inside the stator 50. Thus, the locking member 80 is free to move to its position. retracted. In this unlocking position, if the user turns the key 16, the hole 70 cooperates with the tip 78 to push the locking member 80 into its retracted position against the return force of the spring 50b. The rotor 52 can then be rotated inside the cylinder 12.

When the rotor 52 returns to an angular position where the hole 70 is opposite the tip 78, the locking member automatically returns to its intermediate locking position under the action of the spring 50b. Then when the key 16 is withdrawn from the channel 64, the rod 62 returns to its rest position under the action of the springs 100, 102 and the blocking member 80 then automatically returns to its firm blocking position under the action of the spring 50b.

The figures 7 to 10 represent a rotor 110 capable of being used in place of the rotor 52 in the cylinder 12. To simplify the figures 7 to 10 , only the rotor 110 is shown in combination, on the figures 7 , 9 and 10 , with the electronic unlocking mechanism.

The rotor 110 is identical to the rotor 52 except that the rod 62 is replaced by a rod 112 and the delator mechanism is omitted. The rod 112 is identical to the rod 62 except that it further comprises additional housings 114 and 116 each capable of receiving the tip 78 of the locking member 80. Here, even when the tip 78 is received inside the housing 90, the rod 112 can be driven in rotation around the axis 20. Therefore, the rod 112 is free to rotate on itself around the shaft. axis 20 when the locking member 80 is in its closed locking position.

Here, the housings 114 and 116 are identical to the housing 90 except that they are placed, respectively, to the left of the cylindrical portion 94 and to the right of the cylindrical portion 96. In this embodiment, the lengths of the cylindrical portions, respectively , 94 and 96, in the X direction are denoted, respectively, L ₉₄ and L ₉₆ . These lengths L ₉₄ and L ₉₆ are determined so that the tip 78 of the locking member 80 comes to bear on these cylindrical portions 94 and 96 when the body 39 of the key 16 is in abutment, respectively, on the front face 34 and on a rear face of the half-cylinder 30. In addition, the lengths L ₉₄ and L ₉₆ are chosen so that it is difficult, with an object other than the key 16, to insert the rod 112 exactly to the correct depth. to maintain the locking member 80 in the intermediate locking position. For this purpose, the lengths L ₉₄ and L ₉₆ are small. Typically, the lengths L ₉₄ and L ₉₆ are less than 2.5 mm or 1.5 mm and, generally, greater than 0.05 mm or 0.1 mm.

Under these conditions, in the absence of a key and of any other object in the channels 64 and 66, the rod 112 is in its rest position shown in the figures 7 and 8 . In the rest position, as previously described, the tip 78 of the locking member 80 is received inside the housing 90 and the locking member is in its firm locking position.

When the key 16 is introduced and then pushed inside the channel 64 until the body 39 abuts against the front face 34, the rod 112 is moved by the key 16 from its rest position to its depressed position. represented on the figure 9 . In the depressed position, the tip 78 bears against the cylindrical portion 94 and the locking member 80 is in its intermediate locking position. As long as the body 39 is held in abutment against the front face 34, the locking member 80 remains in its intermediate locking position.

If a sharp object, such as the blade of a screwdriver, is introduced and then pushed into the channel 64, since the blade of this sharp object is longer than that of the key 16, this successively moves the rod 112 from its position from rest to its depressed position then from its depressed position to a too depressed position. In the too deep position, as shown in the figure 10 , the tip 78 of the locking member is received inside the housing 114. Thus, if the rod 112 is pushed too far inside the rotor 110, the locking member returns to a firm locking position.

The housing 116 to the right of the housing 90 allows it to return the locking member 80 to its firm locking position if the rod 112 is pushed too far inside the rotor 110 from the inner side of the cylinder 12.

In the case of the rod 112, when the object which caused the displacement of this rod 112 towards its too deeply inserted position is withdrawn from the cylinder, the springs 100 and 102 automatically return the rod 112 to its rest position. In fact, in this embodiment, the housings 114 and 116 are identical to the housing 90 and therefore each comprise an inclined face which makes it possible to push the blocking member back into its intermediate blocking position under the effect of the return force. springs 100 and 102.

• la longueur de la partie 60b1 dans la direction X est plus courte que la longueur de la partie 60b, et
• la longueur de la partie 60b2 dans la direction X est plus longue que la longueur de la partie 60b.

The figure 11 shows the rotor 110 in perspective. The figures 12 and 13 represent rotors 120 and 130 identical to the rotor 110 except that the part 60b of the rotor 110 is replaced by parts, respectively 60b1 and 60b2. Parts 60b1 and 60b2 are identical to part 60b except that:

• the length of part 60b1 in the X direction is shorter than the length of part 60b, and
• the length of part 60b2 in the X direction is longer than the length of part 60b.

Those figures 12 and 13 show that the cylinder 12 can thus be easily adapted to different lengths of key or to different lengths of cylinder by simply adjusting the length of the part 60b of the frame 60. If necessary, the length of the rod 112 can also be adapted. In particular, to make such adaptations, it is not necessary to modify the location of the locking member 80 inside the stator 50.

On the figures 12 and 13 , the part 60c of the rotor 110 has also been replaced by parts, respectively, 60c1 and 60c2 to show that what has just been described also applies to the inner side of the cylinder lock.

Chapter III: Release mechanism of the cylinder 12

The release mechanism of cylinder 12 is described in more detail with reference to figures 14 to 27 . On the figures 14 and 15 , the representation of the stator 50 and of the parts 60a and 60d of the frame 60 has been omitted to simplify these figures. On the figure 16 , the representation of certain elements of the stator 50 such as the electronic unlocking mechanism has also been omitted. Likewise, on the figure 18 , parts 60a and 60d are not shown.

The function of the delator mechanism is to definitively block the rotation of the rotor 52 in the stator 50 in response to an attempt to break into the cylinder 12 by piercing the rotor 52. For this purpose, it uses a part for locking the rotation of the rotor. 52 additional and independent of the blocking member, that is to say here the informer 130. When the rotation of the rotor 52 is definitively blocked, its rotation, even with the aid of an authorized key such as the key 16 , is no longer possible.

It is recalled that an attempted break-in by drilling the rotor is an attempted break-in during which a drill is introduced into the key channel 64 in order to pierce the rotor 52 along the axis 20. The objective such an attempted break-in is typically to destroy the tip 78 of the locking member 80 in order, then, to be able to drive the rotation of the rotor 52.

Here, to make this type of break-in more difficult while retaining sufficient space in the stator 50, the disclaimer mechanism is entirely housed inside the rotor 52. Thus, sufficient space in the stator 50 is retained to accommodate the electronic unlocking mechanism as well as other parts which reinforce the solidity of the cylinder 12. In addition, in the case particularly where the rotor 52 comprises the rod 62, the deleter mechanism is fixed on the rod 62.

The informer mechanism includes the informer 130. The informer 130 is movable between an inactive position, shown in the figures. figures 14 to 17 , and an extended position shown on the figures 18 to 20 . In the extended position, a lower part of the delator 130 is received within an elongated groove 132 ( figure 16 ) arranged in the stator 50, and an upper part of the denier 130 remains stuck inside the rotor 52. In the inactive position, the denier 130 is fully received inside the rotor 52 so that the rotor 52 can be driven in rotation around the axis 20 when the lock 2 is unlocked.

Here, the delator 130 moves in translation along a radial axis 134 ( Figures 14 and 15 ) perpendicular to the axis 20. The axis 134 is here vertical. For this purpose, in its upper part, the informer 130 has two rectilinear plugs 140 and 142 ( Figures 15 and 21 ) guide slidably mounted each in a respective barrel 144, 146 ( Figure 15 ) arranged in the rod 62. The barrels 144, 146 each extend parallel to the axis 134 on either side of an opening 148 ( Figures 22 and 23 ) hollowed out in the part 62b of the rod 62. Here, the barrels 144 and 146 are hollowed out in a bead 150 ( figures 22 and 23 ) produced on the periphery of the part 62b of the rod 62.

Actuating springs 152, 154 ( Figures 15 , 17 and 20 ) are housed at the bottom, respectively, of the drums 144 and 146. These springs 152 and 154 permanently urge the informer 130 towards its extended position. Here, for this purpose, they are interposed between the upper ends of the pins 140 and 142 and the bottom of the drums 144 and 146.

The informer 130 is retained in its inactive position, against the actuating force of the springs 152, 154, by a removable stopper 160 made on a lower part of a hook 164 ( Figures 15 and 24 ).

The stopper 160 is movable between a stop position shown in the figures 14, 15 and 17 , and a retracted position shown on the figures 18, 19 and 20 . In the stop position, the stopper 160 retains the denier 130 in its inactive position. In its retracted position, the stop 160 releases the movement of the denier 130 towards its extended position under the action of the springs 152 and 154.

More precisely, the informer 130 has a notch 170 ( Figure 21 ) made between the two barrels 140, 142 and inside which is received a lower part of the hook 164 when the denier 130 is in its inactive position. This notch 170 has a "U" shaped cross section. It therefore has two vertical side flanks 172, 174 ( Figure 21 ) facing each other. Each of these vertical sides 172, 174 has a protuberance 176, 178 ( Figure 21 ). The protuberances 176, 178 are vis-à-vis one another and separated from one another by a passage 179 for the hook 164.

The stop 160 extends over an angular sector, the apex of which is located on an axis 180 ( Figure 24 ) of pivoting of the hook 164. The angular width of this angular sector is typically greater than 5 ° or 10 ° and, generally, less than 30 ° or 20 °.

When the hook 164 pivots about the axis 180, this moves the stopper 160 from its stop position to its retracted position. The springs 152 and 154 then push the denier 130 down and out of the rotor 52 until the denier 130 reaches its extended position.

In the inactive position, the lower portion of the denier 130 is fully received within a slot 184 ( figures 14 and 18 ) formed in the frame 60. The slot 184 extends parallel to the axis 20 over a length greater than or equal to the maximum stroke of the rod 62 inside the frame 60. When the rod 62 is moved between its rest position and its depressed position or its too depressed position, the lower part of the denier 130 slides inside the slot 184. Thus, the denier 130 does not impede the translational movement of the rod 62. By against, in this embodiment, in the inactive position, by form cooperation with the slot 184, the denier 130 prevents the rod 62 from rotating around the axis 20 inside the frame 60.

The slot 184 has two vertical sides 186, 188 ( Figures 14, 15 and 18 ) guide arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane passing through the axis 20. These flanks 186, 188 are flat and each extend in a plane parallel to the X and Z directions. Correspondingly, the denier 130 has two side faces 190 and 192 ( Figures 17 , 20 and 21 ). In the inactive position, the faces 190, 192 are opposite, respectively, the sides 186 and 188.

In this inactive position, these faces 190 and 192 are separated from facing flanks 186 and 188 by a clearance which allows the sliding of these faces 190, 192 along the flanks 186, 188 both in the X direction and in an axial direction parallel to the axis 134. Thus, the flanks 186 and 188 guide the denier 130 in translation.

Going downwards, the sides 186, 188 are extended by side recesses, respectively, 194 and 196 ( figures 14, 15 , 18 and 19 ). Like the sides 186 and 188, these lateral recesses 194 and 196 extend, in the X direction, over the entire length of the slot 184.

To make the movement towards the extended position irreversible, leaf springs are fixed to each of the side faces 190, 192 of the denier 130. These leaf springs are symmetrical to one another with respect to the longitudinal plane. Here, only the leaf spring 200 fixed on the lateral face 190 is visible on the figures 17 and 20 . The leaf spring 200 extends mainly in a direction parallel to the axis 20. The leaf spring 200 is deformable from a stressed state shown in the figure. figure 17 to a relaxed state shown in the figure 20 . In the constrained state, the leaf spring 200 is compressed between the lateral face 190 and the flank 186. The leaf spring 200 is maintained in this compressed state as long as the face 190 is opposite the flank 186, that is, that is, as long as the informer 130 is in its inactive position. When the informant 130 moves towards its extended position, the spring blade 200 slides down along the sidewall 186 then is found opposite the lateral recess 194. At this moment, the spring blade deforms towards its state. released. In its relaxed state, the leaf spring protrudes inside the recess 194. Consequently, the leaf spring 200 prevents any return of the informer 130 from its extended position to its inactive position. Indeed, the leaf spring cannot spontaneously deform from its relaxed state to its constrained state. More precisely, if the informer 130 is pushed back from its extended position towards its inactive position, the upper edge of the spring blade 200 abuts on a shoulder which separates the side 186 and the recess 194, thus preventing any return of the informer towards its inactive position.

The axis 180 of the hook 164 is fixed, without any degree of freedom, on the rod 62. The axis 180 is here parallel to the direction Y. On the side opposite the stop 160, the hook 164 has a handle 210 ( Figure 24 ). The hook 164 passes through the opening 148 of the rod 62 and protrudes above the opening 148 while the stop 160 is located below the opening 148.

The handle 210 is movable, in rotation about the axis 180, between a position of equilibrium shown in the figures 14, 15 and 17 and a right-leaning position shown on the figures 18 and 20 . It is also movable to a left leaning position. The leaning left position is the symmetrical of the leaning right position with respect to the vertical plane containing the axis 80.

In the equilibrium position, the handle 210 extends vertically. In the tilted right position, the handle 210 is tilted to the right. Hereinafter, the term “leaning position”, unless otherwise specified, designates both the position leaning to the right and the position leaning to the left.

In the equilibrium position, the handle 210 maintains the stopper 160 in its stop position. In any of its leaning positions, the stopper 160 is in its retracted position. The handle 210 is therefore a handle for actuating the movement of the stop 160. For this purpose, the handle 210 has a downstream attachment point 212 ( Figure 24 ) mechanically connected to spring actuators 214 and 216 ( Figures 17 , 20 , 25, 26 ). Each of these actuators 214 and 216 is able to move the handle 210 from its position of equilibrium towards, respectively, its position tilted to the right and its position tilted to the left.

The distance between the point of attachment 212 and the axis 180 is denoted by d ₂₁₂ ( Figure 24 ). The distance between the stop 160 and the axis 180 is noted d ₁₆₀ ( Figure 24 ). Here, the distance d ₂₁₂ is greater than the distance d ₁₆₀ and, preferably, 1.1 times or 1.2 times or 2 times greater than the distance d ₁₆₀ . Thus, the traction force exerted by the actuator 214 or 216 to move the handle 210 is amplified by the hook 164 in order to exert on the stopper 160 a greater displacement force.

The actuators 214 and 216 each store, in the form of potential energy, an amount of energy sufficient to move the handle 210 to one of its tilted position, when this energy is released. Here, the actuator 214 has a spring 220 ( Figures 25, 26 ) deformable between a constrained state represented on the figures 14 , 17 and 25 and an unconstrained state represented on the figures 18 , 20 and 26 . In the constrained state, the spring 220 continuously exerts a force F ₁ at the point 212 which urges the handle 210 towards its position leaning to the left. At the same time, in the absence of tampering, the actuator 216 comprises a spring 260 which continuously exerts a force F ₂ , at the same point 212, of the same amplitude and in the direction opposite to the force F ₁ . Here, the forces F ₁ and F ₂ are both parallel to the axis 20. Therefore, in the absence of tampering, the forces F ₁ and F ₂ cancel each other out and the handle 210 is maintained in its equilibrium position. .

The spring 220 extends between a downstream end 224 ( figure 25 ) mechanically connected to point 212 and an upstream end 226 ( figure 25 ) mechanically connected to an upstream attachment point. In this embodiment, the upstream attachment point is the stopper 82. Staples 230 and 232 ( Figures 25, 26 ) are secured, without any degree of freedom, respectively, at the ends 224 and 226.

In addition to the spring 220, the actuator 214 comprises, in parallel with this spring, a travel limiter 222 ( figures 25 and 26 ). The limiter 222 is an elongation limiter which limits the elongation of the spring 220 to a predetermined maximum _{extension E 1.} When the spring 220 reaches the extension E ₁ , the amount of potential energy that it stores is sufficient to move the handle 210 to its position leaning to the left. The spring 220 is therefore in its constrained state when the extension E ₁ is reached. On the other hand, the limiter 222 does not oppose the displacement of the spring 220 from its constrained state to its unconstrained state. For this purpose, the limiter 222 is a non-stretchable wire attached, without any degree of freedom, on one side to the clip 230 and, on the other side, to the clip 232. In the stressed state. ( Figure 25 ), the non-extensible wire is stretched between these staples 230 and 232 thus preventing any further extension of the spring 220. Conversely, in the unstressed state ( Figure 26 ), the non-extensible wire folds back on itself, thus allowing the deformation of the spring 220 to its non-stressed state.

The staples 230 and 232 are slidably mounted inside a rectilinear gutter 240 ( Figures 17 , 20 , 23 ) hollowed out in the upper face of the rod 62. This gutter 240 extends continuously over the entire length of the rod 62 and therefore from the stopper 82 to the stopper 86.

• une agrafe 244 (figures 16, 25, 26) fixée sans aucun degré de liberté directement sur le butoir 82, et
• un fil non-extensible 246 (Figures 25, 26).

In the absence of an attempted break-in, the spring 220 is stretched between the point 212 and the stopper 82, which maintains it in its constrained state. In addition, the spring 220 is attached to the stopper 82 so that if this attachment point is destroyed, then this automatically triggers the tilting of the handle 210 to its tilted right position. For this, the spring 220 is mechanically attached, without any degree of freedom, to the stopper 82 by means of a rod 242 ( Figures 25, 26 ) control. Rod 242 includes:

• a 244 staple ( figures 16 , 25, 26 ) fixed without any degree of freedom directly on the stopper 82, and
• a non-stretchable wire 246 ( Figures 25, 26 ).

The wire 246 is fixed, without any degree of freedom, on one side to the clip 232 and, on the opposite side, to the clip 244. Here, the wire 246 is a fusible wire which breaks as soon as its temperature exceeds. 120 ° C or 150 ° C or 200 ° C. The wire 246 is also, in this embodiment, a brittle wire which breaks when subjected to a force of. predetermined FT traction. Typically the FT force is less than 5 N or 10 N and usually greater than 0.5 N or 1 N.

The downstream end 224 of the spring 220 is mechanically connected to the point 212 by a spring 250 ( Figures 14 , 17 , 20 , 25 and 26 ) switch on. Here, to simplify the manufacture of the cylinder 12, the springs 220 and 250 correspond, respectively, to a first and a second coil of turns of the same helical spring 252 ( figure 27 ). Preferably, the number of turns of the first coil is 1.5 times or 2 times greater than the number of turns of the second coil. For example, the second coil of turns has less than four or three turns.

The spring 250 makes it possible to maintain the spring 220 in its constrained state even if the distance between the point 212 and the stopper 82 varies slightly. Such small variations are for example caused by sizing errors on the various parts of the rotor 52 or by thermal expansion phenomena. For this purpose, the stiffness of the spring 250 is greater and preferably 1.5 times or 2 times greater than the stiffness of the spring 220. Thus, the maximum extension E ₁ of the spring 220 can be reached by pulling on the end of the spring. spring 250.

In addition, the length of the wires 222 and 246 are adjusted so that in their tensioned state, the distance which separates the clip 230 from the point 212 is slightly greater than the distance which separates the upstream and downstream ends of the spring 250 in its non-state. -constrained. Thus, in the absence of tampering, the spring 250 is slightly constrained in extension, which also permanently maintains the spring 220 in its constrained state.

The actuator 216 is identical to the actuator 214. Its spring and its non-extensible wire bear, respectively, the reference numerals 260 and 262 ( Figures 14 , 17 , 20 ). The actuator 216 is symmetrical to the actuator 214 with respect to the vertical plane containing the axis 180. The actuator 216 is stretched between the point 212 and the stopper 86. For this purpose, it is connected to the point 212 by a tensioning spring 264 ( Figures 14 , 17 , 20 ) and at the stopper 86 by a rod 266 ( Figure 14 ) control. The spring 264 and the rod 266 are identical, respectively, to the spring 250 and to the rod 242. In the case of the rod 266, its upstream attachment point corresponds to the stopper 86.

The operation of the disclaimer mechanism is as follows. During an attempted break-in by drilling the rotor 52, a drill is introduced inside the orifice 36 and comes to rest on the stopper 82. Drilling of the rotor therefore begins. by destroying the stopper 82 and the clip 244. When the clip 244 is destroyed, the wire 246 relaxes and the force F ₁ exerted by the actuator 214 on the handle 210 disappears. There is therefore no longer any force which opposes the force F ₂ of the actuator 216 to retain the handle 210 in its equilibrium position. Under these conditions, the spring 260 deforms from its constrained state to its unconstrained state. As this deformation progresses, the actuator 216 rotates the handle 210 from its equilibrium position to its position leaning to the right ( figure 17 ). The stopper 160 moves at the same time from its stop position to its retracted position. When the stop 160 is completely retracted, the denier 130 moves towards its extended position under the action of the springs 152 and 154. The denier 130 therefore definitively blocks the rotation of the rotor 52 by form cooperation with the groove 132 and the slot. 184.

In this embodiment, wire 246 can also break in response to an abnormally high temperature. Such an abnormally high temperature is encountered, for example, during an attempt to drill the stator 50. In fact, the heating of the stator 50 caused by the friction of the drill bit on this stator is propagated by thermal conduction up to the wire 246 which, in response, breaks. Thus, the deleter mechanism also makes it possible to reinforce the robustness of the cylinder 12 vis-à-vis attempts to pierce the stator 50.

Finally, certain break-in attempts consist in breaking the stator 50 at the level of the tapped hole 44, then in tearing off the half-cylinder 32. Such an intrusion attempt generally also causes the breakage of the wire 246, and therefore the displacement of the informer. 130 to its extended position. Thus, the robustness of cylinder 12 with respect to this latter type of attack is also improved.

Conversely, thanks to the travel limiters 222 and 262, in the absence of an attempted break-in, the informer 130 is firmly held in its inactive position. In particular, even repeated slamming of the door 2 cannot accidentally trigger the movement to the extended position. Indeed, the stiffness of the springs 220 and 260 must be low enough to have a sufficient stroke to rotate the handle 210 from its equilibrium position to its leaning position while exerting a tensile force on the wire 246 less than the force. F _T from which it breaks. In the absence of limiters 222 and 262 and because of this low stiffness of the springs 220 and 260, a slamming of the door 2 could deform, for example, the spring 220 from its strained state to an over-strained state. in extension. The over-strained state in extension is a state in which the spring 220 is stretched beyond the predetermined extension E ₁ . Such an over-stressed state can release the movement of the handle 210 and therefore accidentally cause the movement of the delator 130 to its extended position.

Here, such an accidental displacement towards the extended position is made impossible because the limiters 222 and 262 prevent the springs 220 and 260 from reaching this over-stressed state.

It will also be noted that the tensioning springs 250 and 264 also do not allow sufficient pivoting of the handle 210 to accidentally trigger a movement towards the extended position. Indeed, their stiffness is greater than that of the springs 220 and 260 so that in response to the same tensile force, they deform much less. In fact, here, the springs 250 and 264 allow only a movement of a few degrees of the handle 210 around the axis 180 in response to a slamming of the door 2. However, the stopper 160 and the protuberances 176, 178 are shaped so as to maintain the denier 130 in its inactive position as long as the handle 210 has not rotated at least 5 ° or 10 ° from its position of equilibrium. Thus, the deflection of a few degrees authorized by the springs 250 and 264 is not sufficient to trigger an accidental displacement of the informer 130 towards its extended position.

Chapter IV: Other embodiments of the informant mechanism:

The figure 28 shows a disclaimer mechanism identical to the disclaimer mechanism described in the previous chapter, except that the actuator 216, the spring 264 and the rod 266 are omitted. In this embodiment, the tensile force F ₁ exerted by the actuator 214 on the handle 210 keeps the handle 210 resting against a wedge 300. The wedge 300 is fixed without any degree of freedom on the rod 62. For example , the wedge 300 is a protuberance made in the opening 148 of the rod 62. When the handle 210 bears on the wedge 300, the handle 210 is in its equilibrium position.

In the event of the wire 246 breaking or the stopper 82 being destroyed, the spring 220 suddenly switches from its forced state to its unconstrained state. This sudden movement of the clip 232 towards the clip 230 produces a shock which is transmitted to the handle 210 by means of the spring 250. This shock on the handle 210 causes turn the handle 210 from its equilibrium position to its right-leaning position. Denier 130 then moves to its extended position.

Such an embodiment is advantageous when there is not enough space on the inner side of the cylinder to accommodate the actuator 216, the spring 264 and the rod 266. For example, this may be the case for the cylinders. cylinders which have only one half-cylinder.

The figure 29 represents a denouncer mechanism identical to the disclaimer mechanism described with reference to figure 28 except that it does not use a hook 164 to amplify the force of actuator 214.

For this purpose, the informer 130 is replaced by an informer 308. The informer 308 is slidably mounted inside a cavity 310 of the rod 62. This informer 308 is urged permanently towards its extended position by a spring d actuation 312 which bears on the bottom of the cavity 310 and on the upper part of the denier 308. In this embodiment, the denier 308 has a blind hole 314 which extends horizontally. A stopper 316 is received in this blind hole 314. A spring 318, housed in the blind hole 314, constantly pushes the stopper 316 towards the outside of the blind hole.

Opposite the blind hole 314, the rod 62 comprises a duct 320 in which a pin 322 is slidably mounted. The pin 322 is permanently biased to the right by a spring 324.

A non-stretchable wire 326 retains the pin 322 completely inside the conduit 320 against the force of the spring 324. For this purpose, one end of the wire 326 is attached directly to the pin 322 and its opposite end. , is attached directly to the stopper 82. The wire 326 is for example identical to the wire 246. In the rest position shown in the figure. figure 29 , the left end of the stop 316 is received inside the duct 320. Thus, in this position, the stop 316 maintains the denier 130 in its inactive position.

When wire 326 is broken or if stopper 82 is destroyed, spring 324 urges pin 322 and stopper 316 until the interface between the pin and stopper is located within cavity 310. At this point, this frees up movement of the delator 130 to its extended position.

The figure 30 represents an informant mechanism identical to the informant mechanism of the figure 29 except that stopper 316, pin 322, and springs 318 and 324 are omitted. In this embodiment, the wire 326 and the denier 308 are replaced by, respectively, a wire 330 and an informer 332. The wire 330 is identical to the wire 326 except that its downstream end is directly fixed and attached to the informer 332. The informer 332 is identical to the informer 308 except that it does not include the blind hole 314. In this embodiment, it is directly the wire 330 which maintains the denier 308 in its inactive position as long as it is not broken or as long as the stopper 82 is not destroyed. .

The figure 31 shows a release mechanism which directly blocks the rotation of a paneton 350 fixed to a rotor 352. In this embodiment, the rotor 352 does not have a rod such as the rod 62. The rotor 352 comprises a key channel 354.

The paneton 350 has a horizontal hole 356 which is opposite a duct 358 hollowed out in a stator 360 of the lock cylinder.

An informer 362 is slidably mounted within the conduit 358. In the inactive position, shown in figure 31 , the denier 362 is entirely housed inside the duct 358 and does not impede the rotation of the paneton 350.

In the extended position, the delator 362 is partly received inside the hole 356 and partly inside the duct 358. In this position, the delator 362 prevents the rotation of the paneton 350.

A spring 364 permanently urges the informer 362 towards its extended position. A wire 366 retains the spring 364 in a compressed state in which the delator 362 is in its inactive position. For this, a downstream end of the wire 366 is directly attached to the delator 362 and an upstream end is directly attached to an upstream attachment point 367. Here, the attachment point 367 is located at an outer face 368 of the rotor 352 so that this point 367 is systematically destroyed during an attempt to pierce the rotor 352. The wire 366 is housed inside a horizontal channel 370 made in the rotor 352 as well as in another channel made in the stator 360.

When the wire 366 is broken, the spring 364 moves the denier 362 to its extended position.

In this embodiment, the angular movement of the rotor 352 around its axis of rotation is less than half a turn or a quarter turn. When the rotor is rotated by an authorized key, the wire 366 is wound up on the periphery of the rotor 352, which moves the delator 362 to a more depressed position inside the duct 358.

The figures 32 and 33 represent a cylinder 380 practically identical to that described in the application CN203559642U . Therefore, in the following, only the differences from the known deleterious mechanism are described in detail. The reference numbers used in figures 32 and 33 are the same as those used in the request CN203559642U except that they are followed by the letter "c".

The cylinder 380 comprises a paneton 5c in which is slidably mounted a denier 10c. In its inactive position shown on the figure 32 , the denouncer 10c allows the rotation of the paneton 5c. In its extended position, shown on the figure 33 , the denouncer 10c blocks the rotation of the paneton 5c. Here, the denier 10c moves to its extended position when the outer half cylinder 1c of the cylinder 380 is broken and torn off.

In this embodiment, the displacement of the delator 10c towards its extended position is not necessarily caused by an attempted break-in by piercing the rotor.

The disclaimer mechanism comprises a pin 9c slidably received inside a duct 381 hollowed out in the stator. This pin 9c is permanently biased towards the outside of the duct 381 by a first spring actuator comprising a potential energy storage spring 8c and a displacement limiter 382.

The spring 8c is deformable between a constrained state shown in figure 32 and an unconstrained state represented on the figure 33 . In the constrained state, the spring 8c is compressed and exerts a force Fc ₁ which goes from right to the left on the denier 10c via a pin 9c and an intermediate pin 12c. In the unstressed state, the spring 8c moves the deleter 10c from its inactive position to its extended position.

Limiter 382 prevents deformation of spring 8c from the strained state to an over-strained state. In the over-stressed state, in this embodiment, the spring 8c is more compressed than in the stressed state. In the absence of limiter 382, this over-strained state can be reached in response to a strong vibration such as a slamming of the door in which the cylinder 380 is mounted. This over-strained state allows accidental displacement of the informer 10c towards its position. exit. Here, to prevent this over-stressed state, the limiter 382 is an incompressible rod which, in the stressed state, bears on one side on the vertical bottom of the duct 381 and on the opposite side on a rear face of the pin 9c. Thus, the limiter 382 prevents any deformation of the spring 8c from its strained state to this over-strained state.

The cylinder 380 also comprises a second spring actuator comprising, a second pin and a second intermediate pin which are symmetrical, respectively, of the first spring actuator, of the pin 9c and of the pin 12c with respect to a median plane A of the cylinder 380 .

Thanks to the addition of the 382 travel limiters in the request trigger mechanism CN203559642U , the informer 10c can no longer be accidentally moved to its extended position in response to a strong vibration.

Chapter V: Variants Variants of the denouncing mechanism:

Actuating springs, such as springs 152, 154, can be omitted. For example, in this case, the informer moves from its inactive position to its extended position simply under the action of the force of gravity.

In the extended position, the denouncer can also be fully received inside the stator to block the rotation of the paneton 24. For example, the denouncer falls into a channel dug in the stator, then slides inside this channel. , for example under the effect of its own weight, to an extended position where it blocks the rotation of the paneton.

The length of the groove 132 may be shorter than the travel of the rod 62 between its rest position and its depressed position. In this case, for example, the groove 132 allows a displacement of the delator 130 towards its extended position only when the rod 62 is in its depressed position. This reinforces the robustness of the disclaimer mechanism vis-à-vis an accidental displacement of the disclaimer to its extended position.

In the previous embodiments, the disclaimer mechanism has been described in the particular case where the disclaimer 130 is located, in the X direction, after the locking member 80. As a variant, the informer 130 can be located before the blocking member 80 in this direction X. For example, it is located between the stopper 82 and the blocking member 80.

In certain embodiments where the rod 242 does not need to be flexible, such as for example in the lock 12, the wire 246 can be replaced by a rigid rod, such as a metal rod, which is difficult to deform in bending.

In another embodiment, the temperature at which wire 246 breaks is much higher. For example, wire 246 is resistant to temperatures above 250 ° or 500 ° or 900 °. This variant can be useful to avoid the displacement of the informer 130 to the extended position in the event of a fire.

In another embodiment, wire 246 is not a brittle wire. In this case, it withstands much higher tensile forces such as for example tensile forces greater than 30 N or 50 N or 100 N.

In a simplified embodiment, the hook 164 is omitted. In another embodiment, if it is necessary to obtain a greater stroke for the stopper 160 than for the attachment point 212, the distance d ₂₁₂ is chosen less than the distance d ₁₆₀ .

In all of the embodiments described here, each coil spring can be replaced by a block of elastic material.

In a simplified embodiment, the tensioning springs 250 and 264 are omitted. These tensioning springs can be placed in other places. For example, the spring 250 can be interposed between the stopper 82 and the upstream end of the wire 246 or between the downstream end of the wire 246 and the clip 232.

In another embodiment, the spring 250 and the wire 246 are both replaced by one and the same elastic wire. This elastic thread then fulfills both the function of the thread 246 and the function of the tensioning spring 250.

In another embodiment, wire 246 is omitted. In this case, the upstream end of the spring 220 is directly connected to the clip 244. In other words, the actuator 214 can be directly connected to the stopper 82 without passing through the intermediary of the wire 246.

In another embodiment, the spring-loaded actuator 214 is connected to the stopper 82 and point 212 through, respectively, a first and a second tensioning spring instead of just one as. previously described.

The upstream attachment point is not necessarily the stopper 82. Alternatively, the upstream attachment point is located along the rod 62 before the stopper 82 and, for example, between the stopper 82 and the housing 90.

In a simplified embodiment, the leaf spring 200 is omitted. In this case, for example, only the springs 152 and 154 are used to prevent the return of the denier from its extended position to its inactive position.

Other embodiments of the leaf spring 200 are possible. For example, the two ends of the leaf spring can be fixed on the lateral face 190 of the denier 130. In this case, it is an intermediate boss between these two ends which is permanently urged to bear against the sidewall 188. This boss intermediate then protrudes inside the recess 196 when the denier is in its extended position.

The different embodiments of a delator mechanism described in this text can also be used in a mechanical and not an electronic lock. In this case, the locking member is replaced by one or more pairs of a first and a second pins. The first pin is seated in the rotor and the second pin is seated in the stator. These first and second pins are configured so that their interface is located exactly at the level of the interface between the rotor and the stator when an authorized key is introduced into the channel and thus authorize the rotation of the rotor by this authorized key. The electronic unlocking mechanism is then omitted.

Stem 62 variants:

As a variant, the rod 112 is not mounted to rotate freely around the axis 20. In this case, the housing 90 is not necessarily a circular groove. For example, the housing 90 is then replaced by a simple recess in the rod 62. The fact that the housing 90 is not necessarily a circular groove can also be applied to the housings 114 and 116. Finally, the fact that the housing 90 , 114 or 116 is not a circular groove can also be implemented even if the rod 62 is mounted to rotate freely around the axis 20.

Alternatively, one of the two housings 114 or 116 is omitted.

In another embodiment, the housing 114 and the tip 78 are shaped to retain the tip 78 inside the housing 114 against the return force exerted by the springs 100 and 102. For example, for this , the housing 114 and the tip 78 are both devoid of an inclined face capable of transforming the return force of the spring 102 into a radial force capable of pushing the locking member 80 back into its intermediate locking position. For example, in this case, the cross section of housing 114 in the XZ plane is "U" shaped. The vertical bars of this "U" each extend in a radial plane perpendicular to the axis 20. In other words, the housing 114 has a radial wall contained in a plane parallel to the YZ plane. Similarly, the tip 78 has at least one vertical face which bears against the radial wall of the housing 114 to block the tip 78 inside the housing 114. Under these conditions, even if the blade of the screwdriver which has moved the rod 112 until in the too much depressed position is withdrawn, the point 78 remains wedged inside the housing 114 and the blocking member 80 remains in its firm blocking position.

Different variants described here for the housings 90, 114 and 116 can be applied to each of these housings 90, 114 and 116.

In a simplified variant, the firm blocking position of the blocking member 80 is omitted. In this case, the housings 90, 114 and 116 can also be omitted. Likewise, the rod 62 or 112 can be omitted.

Other variations:

In another embodiment, the locking member 80 is replaced by a locking member which performs exactly the same function but which slides inside the rotor and not inside the stator between its firm locking positions. , intermediate and retracted locking.

All the embodiments described up to now have been described in the particular case where the cylinder is a profiled cylinder in European format. However, everything that has been described in this particular case also applies to other cylinder formats, such as, for example, American format cylinders.

Other embodiments of the electronic unlocking mechanism are possible. For example, the arm 38b can be omitted in a simplified version such as that described in the application. FR2945065A1 .

Other embodiments of the key 16 are also possible. For example, the key 16 can be equipped with a transmitter which transmits the access codes to the cylinder 12 via a wireless link. In this case, the transmitter 40 is for example a transponder such as an RFID (“Radio Frequency IDentification”) tag.

As a variant, the paneton 24 is meshed with the rotor only when a key is introduced into the cylinder. For this, the introduction of the key into the key channel moves a clutch from a free position to an engaged position. In the free position, the rotor is not meshed with the paneton. In the in the engaged position, the paneton is meshed with the rotor and can be driven in rotation by this rotor.

Placing the deleter mechanism inside the rotor can be implemented independently of a rod such as rod 62 or 112. In this case, for example, rod 62 and frame 60 only form a single rod. 'one and the same block of material and the springs 100 and 102 are omitted. Likewise, the fact of placing the delator mechanism inside the rotor can also be implemented independently of a displacement limiter such as limiter 222 or 382. Thus, in simplified embodiments, limiter 222 or 382 is omitted.

The implementation of a rod such as the rod 62 or 112 can be carried out independently of a disclaimer mechanism and independently of a disclaimer mechanism provided with a travel limiter such as limiter 222 or 382.

Reciprocally, the different embodiments of limiter 222 or 382 can be implemented independently of rod 62 or 112 and independently of the installation of the delator mechanism inside the rotor.

A leaf spring such as leaf spring 200 can be implemented independently of placing the releaser mechanism in the rotor, regardless of the presence of a rod such as rod 62 or 112, and regardless of the implementation or not a travel limiter such as limiter 222 or 382.

Chapter VI: Advantages of the embodiments described: Advantages of rotor rod:

The rod 62, 112 makes it possible to prevent the tip 78 of the locking member 80 from protruding inside the key channel 64 while retaining the possibility of having two locking positions, namely the firm locking position and the intermediate locking position. Since the tip 78 of the locking member 80 does not protrude inside the key channel 64, the locking member 80 is more difficult to access from the outside. This reinforces the robustness of the cylinder 12 vis-à-vis break-in attempts.

In addition, since the rod 62, 112 is in the extension of the channel of the key, the locking member 80 is further from the front face 34 than in the embodiments of the cylinders described in the applications. EP2412901 and FR2945065 . Thus, the locking member 80 is located in a location that is more difficult to access from the outside. This also reinforces the robustness of the cylinder against break-in attempts.

The fact of mounting the rod 112 free to rotate inside the frame 60 reinforces the robustness of the lock vis-à-vis attempts to break in by drilling the rotor. In fact, in this case, the end of the drill comes to bear on the rod 112 and the drill drives the rod 112 in rotation. Under these conditions, the rod 112 is more difficult to perforate because the latter rotates at the same time as the drill. In addition, the fact that the rod 112 is free to rotate also improves the robustness of the housing 90 with respect to its wear by repeated friction with the tip 78 of the locking member 80. Indeed, since the rod 112 turns on itself, the tip 78 does not always rub at the same place inside the housing 90. The wear caused by this friction is distributed over the entire periphery of the rod 112.

The housings 114, 116 reinforce the robustness of the cylinder against break-in attempts, and in particular against break-in attempts during which the blade of a screwdriver is introduced inside the channel 64 key. In fact, in this case, since the blade of the screwdriver is longer than the blade 38 of the key 16, the introduction of the screwdriver into the key channel pushes the rod 112 back to its too deep position. The housing 114 then makes it possible to return the blocking member 80 to its firm blocking position. This makes it more difficult to break the cylinder 12 by breaking and entering.

The fact that the blocking member 80 remains stuck in the closed blocking position after the tip 78 of the blocking member 80 has entered the interior of the housing 114, allows the lock to be kept in a state where it is unlocked. Breaking in is much more difficult even if the screwdriver blade is subsequently removed from the key channel.

Advantages of placing the detachment mechanism at least partly inside the rotor:

The fact of housing the upstream attachment point 82 and the control rod 242 inside the rotor 52 makes it possible to reduce the space occupied by the disclaimer mechanism inside the stator. It then becomes possible to install such a disclaimer mechanism in a profiled cylinder in European format. Ultimately, this results in cylinders having a reduced footprint and while being more robust against tampering attempts by drilling the rotor.

The fact of housing in addition the actuators 214, 216 and the denier 130, when it is in its inactive position, in the rotor 52 makes it possible to practically eliminate the space occupied in the stator by a denouncer mechanism sensitive to break-in attempts. by drilling the rotor. This allows the production of even more compact cylinders.

The fact that the denier, in the extended position, prevents, by simple form cooperation with the rotor, the rotation of the rotor 52 simplifies the architecture of the cylinder 12.

Placing the upstream attachment point 82 upstream of tip 78, i.e. between face 34 and tip 78, ensures that wire 246 is broken in the event of an attempted piercing intrusion. of the rotor, before the end 78 of the locking member 80 can be destroyed.

The hook 164 makes it possible to amplify the force which moves the stopper 160 towards its retracted position. This avoids the use of springs of greater stiffness and therefore more difficult to tension using a wire such as wire 246.

The fact that the stator 50 has a longitudinal groove 132 capable of receiving the denier 130 in its extended position and this regardless of the position of the rod 62 relative to the frame 60 allows the denier to move to its extended position independently. the position of the rod 62 inside the frame 60. This increases the robustness of the cylinder 12 vis-à-vis attempts to break in by drilling.

The use of a spring which permanently urges the denier towards its extended position allows the denouncer mechanism to operate regardless of the orientation of the cylinder 12 in the door. For example, the denouncer mechanism operates even though cylinder 12 is mounted in a direction that the denier must move up and down to reach its extended position.

The fact that the denier moves perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 20 makes it possible to obtain a rotational locking of the rotor while limiting the stroke of the denier between its inactive position and its extended position.

The use of a leaf spring to lock the denier 130 in its extended position is much simpler than the locking devices used to fulfill the same function in known cylinders as in the cylinder described in the application. CN203559642U . The use of such a leaf spring 200 therefore makes it possible to reduce the size of the disclaimer mechanism.

The fact that the wire 246 is a fragile wire makes it possible to trigger the displacement of the delator 130 to its extended position in response to attempts to break in other than the only attempt to break in which consists in piercing the rotor. For example, this makes the detachment mechanism sensitive to break-in attempts by tearing off the half-cylinder 32.

The fact that the wire 246 is a fusible wire, that is to say that it breaks as soon as its temperature exceeds 120 ° C., makes it possible to initiate the displacement of the denier 130 to its extended position in response to any attempt to stop it. 'break-in which causes abnormal heating of cylinder 12.

Advantages of the travel limiter :

The fact of preventing, using the travel limiter, the over-stressed state of the springs 220 and 260 or of the spring 8c improves the reliability of the delator mechanism. Indeed, the accidental displacement of the informer to its extended position in response to a door slam is prevented.

The fact of using the wire 222 to prohibit the over-strained state in extension makes it possible to very simply prohibit this over-strained state while keeping a limited size and simplicity of mounting the actuator 214.

The fact of using the tensioning spring 250 in addition to the spring 220 makes it possible to increase the robustness of the detachment mechanism. Indeed, the travel limiter prevents the deformation of the spring 220 to an over-stressed state. However, because of sizing errors or thermal expansion phenomena, the distance between the upstream attachment point 82 and the downstream attachment point 212 may vary slightly. The spring 250 makes it possible to absorb these slight variations in distance while permanently maintaining the spring 220 in its constrained state.

The fact that the spring 220 and the spring 250 each correspond to coils of respective turns of the same helical spring simplifies the production of the disclaimer mechanism.

Claims (12)

Lock cylinder unlockable by an authorized key, this cylinder comprising: - a stator (50), - a bit (24) capable of driving a bolt of a door in movement, - a rotor (52; 352) mounted in the stator to rotate about a longitudinal axis (20), this rotor comprising: - a central portion able to mesh with the bit to rotate it around the longitudinal axis at the same time as the rotor, - a key channel (64, 66; 354) which extends along the longitudinal axis and in which the authorized key can be introduced to drive the rotor in rotation around its longitudinal axis, - an outer face (34; 368) into which the key channel opens, this outer face being accessible from the outside of the cylinder, - a locking member (80) comprising a tip (78), this locking member being movable in the stator between: - a blocking position in which its tip is received in a housing (90) provided in the rotor (52) to block the rotation of the rotor, and - a retracted position in which the rotor can be rotated by the authorized key, - a disclaimer mechanism capable of triggering in response to an attempted break-in by drilling the rotor, this mechanism comprising: - a movable informer (130; 308; 332; 362): - from an inactive position in which the informant authorizes the unlocking of the cylinder using the authorized key, - to an extended position in which the informant prevents unlocking of the cylinder even using the authorized key, - an upstream attachment point (82; 367), housed inside the rotor (52; 352), capable of being destroyed in the event of an attempted break-in by drilling the rotor, - an actuator (214, 216; 324; 312; 364) with springs able to actuate the displacement of the informer towards its extended position as soon as the upstream attachment point is destroyed, - a control rod (242; 326; 330; 366), housed inside the rotor (52; 352), which connects the spring actuator to the upstream attachment point, characterized in that the upstream attachment point (82) is located between the outer face of the rotor and the housing of the rotor which receives the tip of the locking member. A cylinder according to claim 1, wherein, in the inactive position, the spring actuator and the denier are also housed inside the rotor and rotated about the longitudinal axis together with the rotor when the key is turned on. permitted drives the rotor in rotation. Cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, in the extended position, the denier (130; 308; 332) is partly received in the rotor and partly received in the stator to prevent the rotation of the rotor around its. longitudinal axis. A cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which: - the rotor comprises: - a tubular frame (60) able to mesh with the bit (24) and in which the outer face and the key channel are made, and - a rod (62) mounted inside the frame, movable in translation parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, this rod comprising a stopper (82) which protrudes inside the key channel and which comes resting on the key introduced into the key channel to be moved by the key, relative to the frame, from a rest position to a depressed position, - the housing (90) of the rotor in which the tip of the locking member is received is arranged in the rod, - the tip (78) of the locking member and the housing (90) of the rotor are shaped to move, by form cooperation when the rod moves from its rest position to its depressed position, the locking member from a first closed locking position towards a second intermediate locking position in which the tip (78) of the locking member is less pressed inside the rotor than in the closed locking position, and - the upstream attachment point is located on the stopper (82) of the rod. Cylinder according to Claim 4, in which: - the release mechanism is only fixed on the rod (62) so that it moves in translation with respect to the frame (60) of the rotor at the same time as the rod, and - the stator comprises a longitudinal groove (132) capable of receiving the denier in its extended position, the length of this groove in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor being greater than the stroke of the rod between its rest positions and pressed. Cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the cylinder comprises an electric actuator (52b) capable of: - in response to a valid opening command transmitted by the key inserted into the key channel, to authorize the movement of the locking member to its retracted position, and - in the absence of a valid opening command, to prohibit the movement of the locking member to its retracted position. Cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the delator mechanism comprises: - a retractable stop (160) movable between: - a stop position in which the informer is resting on this stop in its inactive position, and - a retracted position in which the stop frees the releaser to move towards its extended position, - a hook (164) mounted in rotation about an axis (180) of rotation, this hook comprising: - on one side of its axis of rotation, a handle (210) movable from an equilibrium position to a leaning position, a downstream attachment point (212) of the spring actuator being located on this handle, and - on the opposite side of its axis of rotation, the stopper, this hook moving the stopper from its stop position to its retracted position when the handle is moved from its equilibrium position to the leaning position and the distance between the downstream attachment point and the axis of rotation of the hook being more greater than the distance between the stop and the axis of rotation of the hook. A cylinder as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the denier mechanism comprises an actuating spring (152, 154; 312; 364) which continuously biases the denier towards its extended position. Cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the denier (130; 308; 332) is movable in translation, along a radial axis (134) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, from its inactive position to its extended position. A cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, in which: - the cylinder has a flat side (186, 188) and a recess (194, 196), - the informer includes: - a lateral face (190, 192) located opposite the flat side when the informer is in its inactive position and vis-à-vis the recess when the informer is in its extended position, the lateral face of the informer moving parallel to this flat flank as the denier moves from its inactive position to its extended position, and - a leaf spring (200) fixed to the lateral face of the informant, this leaf spring being deformable between: - a compressed state in which the leaf spring is compressed between the flat side and the lateral face of the denier when the denier is in its inactive position, and - a relaxed state in which the leaf spring protrudes inside the recess when the informer is in its extended position. A cylinder according to any preceding claim, wherein the control rod (242) comprises a brittle wire (246) capable of breaking in response to a temperature above 120 ° C and / or in response to a tensile force. less than 10 N. A cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder is a profile cylinder in European format.

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