EP3921538A1 - Water current turbine - Google Patents

Water current turbine

Info

Publication number
EP3921538A1
EP3921538A1 EP20705445.3A EP20705445A EP3921538A1 EP 3921538 A1 EP3921538 A1 EP 3921538A1 EP 20705445 A EP20705445 A EP 20705445A EP 3921538 A1 EP3921538 A1 EP 3921538A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
tidal turbine
chain
generator
tidal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20705445.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arnaud CHALRET DU RIEU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hymago Energie
Original Assignee
Hymago Energie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hymago Energie filed Critical Hymago Energie
Publication of EP3921538A1 publication Critical patent/EP3921538A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/064—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation and a rotor of the endless-chain type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F05B2240/932—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface which is a catamaran-like structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of tidal turbines, in particular floating river tidal turbines, but not exclusively.
  • Known tidal turbines generally include turbines whose axis is horizontal and parallel to the flow of water which drives the tidal turbine. These tidal turbines have a high draft and have a low efficiency in view of their size. They must therefore be used in sufficiently deep water.
  • the electric generator is submerged, and arranged in the axis of the turbine, which makes maintenance difficult.
  • the generator that such a turbine can drive is generally low power, typically 40 kVA.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a tidal turbine capable of being used in shallow water, and having improved efficiency compared to tidal turbines known from the prior art.
  • a tidal turbine comprising:
  • the tidal turbine comprises means for vertically adapting the position of said tidal turbine to the level of the water on which it is installed, these means preferably comprising two floats arranged on either side of the chain.
  • the platform can also include a platform arranged above the chain.
  • the platform can also form a catamaran with the floats.
  • the at least one generator is advantageously fixed on the platform.
  • the tidal turbine comprises four generators and four transmissions, each of the transmissions being disposed at a respective end of each of the axles, each transmission driving a respective generator.
  • Each transmission can be a belt transmission.
  • FIG.1 is a schematic three-quarter front perspective view of a tidal turbine according to the invention.
  • FIG.2 is a schematic top view of the hydroliemia of Figure 1;
  • FIG.3 is a schematic left view of the tidal turbine of Figure 1, in the direction III-III indicated in Figure 2;
  • FIG.4 is a schematic front view of the tidal turbine of Figure 1, in direction IV-IV shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG.5 is a schematic top view of a first mooring mode for the tidal turbine of Figure 1;
  • FIG.6 is a schematic front view of a second mooring mode for the tidal turbine of Figure 1;
  • FIG.7 is a schematic top view of a third mode of mooring for the tidal turbine of Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a tidal turbine 1 according to the invention.
  • This tidal turbine is substantially symmetrical relative to a vertical longitudinal plane PL It comprises two floats 2, an endless chain 3 of buckets 4 and electric generators 6. It further comprises a horizontal platform 7.
  • the floats 2 are of elongated shape longitudinally, parallel to one another, on either side of the chain 3.
  • the platform 7 is fixed to the floats 2, above the chain 3, by means of uprights 8.
  • the uprights 8 extend upwards from the floats 2.
  • the tidal turbine thus has the shape of a catamaran.
  • the chain is mounted on two axles 9, mutually parallel and substantially in the same horizontal plane.
  • a first axle is mounted around a front transverse axis X9A; the second axle is mounted around an X9R rear transverse axle.
  • the axles are carried by the floats, in the vicinity of the waterline 1 1.
  • the chain 3 is mounted on the axles so that the buckets can have the following closed path:
  • Transmissions 12 are mounted between the axles 9 and the electric generators 6.
  • the transmissions are belt drives.
  • Each transmission is provided to transmit the rotational movement of an axle to a respective generator 6.
  • Each transmission comprises a primary pulley 13, mounted integral in rotation with the corresponding axle, a secondary pulley 14, mounted integral in rotation with an input shaft 15 of the corresponding generator and a belt 16, mounted in engagement with the two pulleys.
  • the generators 6 are fixed on the platform 7.
  • the cups 4 are identical to each other. They have an oblong opening 20, elongated horizontally between two horizontal rectilinear edges 21.
  • the buckets are concave and arranged so that they are open forward when moving back and forth, below the waterline.
  • each bucket is directly articulated with the two neighboring buckets, so that they are integral with each other.
  • two neighboring buckets are articulated around a horizontal and transverse axis, this axis being carried by each of the two buckets.
  • Each float 2 has, at the front, a bevelled part 22, so that the parts of the floats move closer to each other when traversed back and forth.
  • the tidal turbine is designed to be arranged along the water, in a water flow F, for example along a river, a canal or in a sea current. It is arranged so that the front is directed towards the upstream of the flow and the rear towards the downstream of the flow.
  • the bevelled part 22 of the floats makes it possible to concentrate part of the flow F in the direction of the buckets.
  • each float can include conduits 24 (shown in broken lines on the left float) for taking water from the flow F, upstream of the chain 3, and releasing it further. downstream, to supercharge buckets which are masked by buckets further upstream.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a tidal turbine according to the invention, moored to the pier 31 of a bridge.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the hydroelectric plant mounted in a channel 32, the water level N of which can vary. In this mode, the mooring is constituted by a supporting structure 33.
  • This structure 33 comprises two vertical uprights 34 and rods 38.
  • Each rod 38 connects a respective upright 34 with the float 2 closest to this upright.
  • One end of the rod is articulated with the upright; an opposite end is hinged with the float.
  • Each upright 34 is mounted to slide vertically in a respective dock 37.
  • the sliding of the sliding amounts in the quay makes it possible to absorb a variation in the level N of the water over a large amplitude and / or a long period, for example over a day or more.
  • the articulated rods allow faster variations, such as a swell, to be absorbed. They also make it possible to react quickly to a passage of a person on the platform 7.
  • Figure 7 illustrates the mooring of tidal turbine 1 along a quay 7. It is held there by hawsers 41 attached to bollards 42.
  • the length L1 of the tidal turbine is about 6 to 8 meters, its width is about 3 to 5 meters and the draft is about 50 centimeters.
  • Each generator is a 150 kVA generator, so in the example shown the tidal turbine has a production capacity of 600 kVA.
  • a tidal turbine can be attached to a mooring, in particular in a tidal zone, so that it can change orientation depending on the direction of flow to which it is subjected.
  • generators there may be a different number of generators. For example, we can have a single high power generator. We can also have eight, two per transmission, lower power, less expensive, and can be more easily replaced without permanently affecting electricity production.
  • a tidal turbine according to the invention may not include floats and be supported directly on one or on both docks of the channel.
  • the floats like the rods and the uprights, constitute means for vertically adapting the position of the tidal turbine to the level of the water course on which it is installed.
  • a tidal turbine according to the invention is particularly advantageous. Indeed :
  • axles allow to drive several generators, optimally four generators, as previously described;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a water current turbine 1 comprising an endless chain 4 with buckets 4 and two floats 2 arranged on either side of the chain, the chain 3 driving electrical generators 6.

Description

Hydrolienne Tidal turbine
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des hydroliennes, notamment des hydroliennes flottantes fluviales, mais non exclusivement. Les hydroliennes connues comprennent généralement des turbines dont l'axe est horizontal et parallèle au flux d’eau qui entraîne l’hydrolienne. Ces hydroliennes ont un tirant d’eau important et ont un faible rendement au regard de leur encombrement. Elles doivent donc être utilisées en eau suffisamment profondes. En outre, la génératrice électrique est immergée, et disposée dans l’axe de la turbine, ce qui rend son entretien difficile. De plus, la génératrice que peut entraîner une telle turbine est généralement de faible puissance, typiquement 40 kVA. The present invention relates to the field of tidal turbines, in particular floating river tidal turbines, but not exclusively. Known tidal turbines generally include turbines whose axis is horizontal and parallel to the flow of water which drives the tidal turbine. These tidal turbines have a high draft and have a low efficiency in view of their size. They must therefore be used in sufficiently deep water. In addition, the electric generator is submerged, and arranged in the axis of the turbine, which makes maintenance difficult. In addition, the generator that such a turbine can drive is generally low power, typically 40 kVA.
Le but de l’invention est de proposer une hydrolienne pouvant être utilisée en eau peu profonde, et ayant un rendement amélioré par rapport aux hydroliennes connues de l’art antérieur. The aim of the invention is to provide a tidal turbine capable of being used in shallow water, and having improved efficiency compared to tidal turbines known from the prior art.
Pour atteindre son but, l’invention propose une hydrolienne comprenant : To achieve its goal, the invention provides a tidal turbine comprising:
une chaîne sans fin de godets et deux essieux disposés sensiblement dans un même plan horizontal et parallèles entre eux, de sorte qu'un mouvement de la chaîne entraîne une rotation de chacun des essieux ; et, an endless chain of buckets and two axles arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other, so that a movement of the chain causes a rotation of each of the axles; and,
- au moins un générateur d'électricité et des moyens de transmission du mouvement de rotation d’un essieu à un arbre d’entrée du générateur. Avantageusement, Fhydrolienne comprend des moyens pour adapter verticalement la position de ladite hydrolienne au niveau de l’eau sur laquelle elle est installée, ces moyens comprenant de préférence deux flotteurs disposés de part et d’autre de la chaîne. - at least one electricity generator and means for transmitting the rotational movement of an axle to an input shaft of the generator. Advantageously, the tidal turbine comprises means for vertically adapting the position of said tidal turbine to the level of the water on which it is installed, these means preferably comprising two floats arranged on either side of the chain.
Elle peut aussi comprendre une plateforme disposée au-dessus de la chaîne. La plateforme peut en outre former un catamaran avec les flotteurs. L'au moins un générateur est avantageusement fixé sur la plateforme. It can also include a platform arranged above the chain. The platform can also form a catamaran with the floats. The at least one generator is advantageously fixed on the platform.
De préférence, l’hydrolienne comprend quatre générateurs et quatre transmissions, chacune des transmissions étant disposée à une extrémité respective de chacun des essieux, chaque transmission entraînant un générateur respectif. Chaque transmission peut être une transmission à courroie. Preferably, the tidal turbine comprises four generators and four transmissions, each of the transmissions being disposed at a respective end of each of the axles, each transmission driving a respective generator. Each transmission can be a belt transmission.
Plusieurs modes d’exécution de l’invention seront décrits ci-après, à titre d’exemples non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : Several embodiments of the invention will be described below, by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[Fig.1] est une vue schématique en en perspective de trois-quarts avant d’une hydrolienne selon l’invention ; [Fig.1] is a schematic three-quarter front perspective view of a tidal turbine according to the invention;
[Fig.2] est une vue de dessus schématique de fhydroliemie de la figure 1 ; [Fig.2] is a schematic top view of the hydroliemia of Figure 1;
[Fig.3] est une vue de gauche schématique de l'hydrolienne de la figure 1, selon la direction III-III indiquée à la figure 2 ; [Fig.3] is a schematic left view of the tidal turbine of Figure 1, in the direction III-III indicated in Figure 2;
[Fig.4] est une vue de face schématique de l’hydrolienne de la figure 1, selon la direction IV-IV indiquée à la figure 2 ; [Fig.4] is a schematic front view of the tidal turbine of Figure 1, in direction IV-IV shown in Figure 2;
[Fig.5] est une vue de dessus schématique d’un premier mode d’amarrage pour l'hydrolienne de la figure 1 ; [Fig.5] is a schematic top view of a first mooring mode for the tidal turbine of Figure 1;
[Fig.6] est une vue de face schématique d’un deuxième mode d’amarrage pour l'hydrolienne de la figure 1 ; et, [Fig.6] is a schematic front view of a second mooring mode for the tidal turbine of Figure 1; and,
[Fig.7] est une vue de dessus schématique d’un troisième mode d'amarrage pour l’hydrolienne de la figure 1. La figure 1 illustre une hydrolienne 1 selon l'invention. Cette hydrolienne est sensiblement symétrique relativement à un plan longitudinal vertical PL Elle comprend deux flotteurs 2, une chaîne sans fin 3 de godets 4 et des générateurs électriques 6. Elle comprend en outre une plateforme 7 horizontale. [Fig.7] is a schematic top view of a third mode of mooring for the tidal turbine of Figure 1. Figure 1 illustrates a tidal turbine 1 according to the invention. This tidal turbine is substantially symmetrical relative to a vertical longitudinal plane PL It comprises two floats 2, an endless chain 3 of buckets 4 and electric generators 6. It further comprises a horizontal platform 7.
Les flotteurs 2 sont de forme allongée longitudinalement, parallèlement l’un à l'autre, de part et d'autre de la chaîne 3. La plateforme 7 est fixée sur les flotteurs 2, au-dessus de la chaîne 3, au moyen de montants 8. Les montants 8 s'étendent vers le haut depuis les flotteurs 2. L'hydrolienne a ainsi une forme de catamaran. The floats 2 are of elongated shape longitudinally, parallel to one another, on either side of the chain 3. The platform 7 is fixed to the floats 2, above the chain 3, by means of uprights 8. The uprights 8 extend upwards from the floats 2. The tidal turbine thus has the shape of a catamaran.
Comme particulièrement illustré aux figures 2 à 4, la chaîne est montée sur deux essieux 9, parallèles entre eux et sensiblement dans un même plan horizontal. Un premier essieu est monté autour d'un axe transversal avant X9A ; le deuxième essieu est monté autour d'un axe transversal arrière X9R. As particularly illustrated in Figures 2 to 4, the chain is mounted on two axles 9, mutually parallel and substantially in the same horizontal plane. A first axle is mounted around a front transverse axis X9A; the second axle is mounted around an X9R rear transverse axle.
Les essieux sont portés par les flotteurs, au voisinage de la ligne de flotaison 1 1. La chaîne 3 est montée sur les essieux de sorte que les godets puissent avoir le parcours fermé suivant : The axles are carried by the floats, in the vicinity of the waterline 1 1. The chain 3 is mounted on the axles so that the buckets can have the following closed path:
- se déplacer horizontalement d'arrière en avant, au-dessus de la ligne de flottaison ; - move horizontally from stern to front, above the waterline;
- basculer vers le bas autour de l’axe avant X9A ; - swing down around the front axle X9A;
- se déplacer horizontalement d'avant en arrière, sous de la ligne de flottaison ; et, - move horizontally back and forth, below the waterline; and,
- basculer vers le haut autour de l'axe amère X9R - switch up around the bitter axis X9R
Des transmissions 12 sont montées entre les essieux 9 et les générateurs électriques 6. Dans l'exemple illustré les transmissions sont des transmissions à courroie. Il y a quatre transmissions, une à chaque extrémité de chacun des essieux. Chaque transmission est prévue pour transmettre le mouvement de rotation d'un essieu à un générateur 6 respectif. Transmissions 12 are mounted between the axles 9 and the electric generators 6. In the example illustrated the transmissions are belt drives. There are four transmissions, one at each end of each of the axles. Each transmission is provided to transmit the rotational movement of an axle to a respective generator 6.
Chaque transmission comprend une poulie primaire 13, montée solidaire en rotation avec l'essieu correspondant, une poulie secondaire 14, montée solidaire en rotation avec un arbre d'entrée 15 du générateur correspondant et une courroie 16, montée en prise avec les deux poulies. Les générateurs 6 sont fixés sur la plateforme 7. Each transmission comprises a primary pulley 13, mounted integral in rotation with the corresponding axle, a secondary pulley 14, mounted integral in rotation with an input shaft 15 of the corresponding generator and a belt 16, mounted in engagement with the two pulleys. The generators 6 are fixed on the platform 7.
Les godets 4 sont identiques entre eux. Ils ont une ouverture oblongue 20, allongée horizontalement entre deux bords rectilignes horizontaux 21. Les godets sont concaves et disposés de sorte qu'ils sont ouverts vers l'avant lors du déplacement d'avant en arrière, sous la ligne de flottaison. De préférence, chaque godet est directement articulé avec les deux godets voisins, de sorte qu’ils sont solidaires entre eux. Ainsi, deux godets voisins sont articulés autour d'un axe horizontal et transversal, cet axe étant porté par chacun des deux godets. The cups 4 are identical to each other. They have an oblong opening 20, elongated horizontally between two horizontal rectilinear edges 21. The buckets are concave and arranged so that they are open forward when moving back and forth, below the waterline. Preferably, each bucket is directly articulated with the two neighboring buckets, so that they are integral with each other. Thus, two neighboring buckets are articulated around a horizontal and transverse axis, this axis being carried by each of the two buckets.
Chaque flotteur 2 a, à l'avant, une partie 22 en biseau, de sorte que les parties des flotteurs vont en se rapprochant l’une de l'autre lorsqu'on les parcourt d’avant en arrière. Each float 2 has, at the front, a bevelled part 22, so that the parts of the floats move closer to each other when traversed back and forth.
L'hydrolienne est prévue pour être disposée au fil de l'eau, dans un flux d'eau F, par exemple au fil d'une rivière, d'un canal ou dans un courant marin. Elle est disposée de sorte que l'avant en soit dirigé vers l'amont du flux et l'arrière vers l'aval du flux. La partie 22 en biseau des flotteurs permet de concentrer une partie du flux F en direction des godets. The tidal turbine is designed to be arranged along the water, in a water flow F, for example along a river, a canal or in a sea current. It is arranged so that the front is directed towards the upstream of the flow and the rear towards the downstream of the flow. The bevelled part 22 of the floats makes it possible to concentrate part of the flow F in the direction of the buckets.
Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 2, chaque flotteur peut comprendre des conduits 24 (représentés en traits interrompus sur le flotteur gauche) pour prélever de l'eau dans le flux F, en amont de la chaîne 3, et le relâcher plus en aval, pour suralimenter des godets qui sont masqués par des godets plus en amont. In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, each float can include conduits 24 (shown in broken lines on the left float) for taking water from the flow F, upstream of the chain 3, and releasing it further. downstream, to supercharge buckets which are masked by buckets further upstream.
La figure 5 illustre une hydrolienne selon l'invention, amarrée à la pile 31 d'un pont. La figure 6 illustre rhydrolieraie montée dans un canal 32 dont le niveau de l’eau N peut varier. Dans ce mode, l'amarrage est constitué par une structure porteuse 33. FIG. 5 illustrates a tidal turbine according to the invention, moored to the pier 31 of a bridge. FIG. 6 illustrates the hydroelectric plant mounted in a channel 32, the water level N of which can vary. In this mode, the mooring is constituted by a supporting structure 33.
Cette structure 33 comprend deux montants 34 verticaux et des tringles 38. Chaque tringle 38 relie un montant 34 respectif avec le flotteur 2 le plus proche de ce montant. Une extrémité de la tringle est articulée avec le montant ; une extrémité opposée est articulée avec le flotteur. Chaque montant 34 est monté coulissant verticalement dans un quai 37 respectif. This structure 33 comprises two vertical uprights 34 and rods 38. Each rod 38 connects a respective upright 34 with the float 2 closest to this upright. One end of the rod is articulated with the upright; an opposite end is hinged with the float. Each upright 34 is mounted to slide vertically in a respective dock 37.
Ainsi, le coulissement des montants coulissant dans le quai permet d’absorber une variation du niveau N de l’eau sur une grande amplitude et/ou une longue période, par exemple sur une journée ou plus. Les tringles articulées permettent d’absorber des variations plus rapides, par exemple une houle. Elles permettent aussi de réagir rapidement à un passage d’une personne sur la plateforme 7. Thus, the sliding of the sliding amounts in the quay makes it possible to absorb a variation in the level N of the water over a large amplitude and / or a long period, for example over a day or more. The articulated rods allow faster variations, such as a swell, to be absorbed. They also make it possible to react quickly to a passage of a person on the platform 7.
La figure 7 illustre l’amarrage de l’hydrolienne 1, le long d'un quai 7. Elle y est maintenue par des aussières 41 attachées à des bollards 42. Figure 7 illustrates the mooring of tidal turbine 1 along a quay 7. It is held there by hawsers 41 attached to bollards 42.
Dans l'exemple illustré, la longueur L1 de l’hydrolienne est d’environ 6 à 8 mètres, sa largeur est d'environ 3 à 5 mètres et le tirant d'eau d'environ 50 centimètres. Chaque générateur est un générateur de 150 kVA, de sorte que dans l'exemple illustré l’hydrolienne a une capacité de production de 600 kVA. In the example shown, the length L1 of the tidal turbine is about 6 to 8 meters, its width is about 3 to 5 meters and the draft is about 50 centimeters. Each generator is a 150 kVA generator, so in the example shown the tidal turbine has a production capacity of 600 kVA.
Bien sûr, l’invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation préférés qui viennent d'être décrits mais, au contraire, l’invention est définie par les revendications qui suivent. Il apparaîtra en effet à l'homme de l'art que diverses modifications peuvent être apportées aux modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, à la lumière de l'enseignement qui vient de lui être divulgué. Aussi, une hydrolienne peut être fixée à un corps-mort, notamment dans une zone de marée, de sorte qu'elle puisse changer d’orientation en fonction du sens du flux auquel elle est soumise. Of course, the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments which have just been described but, on the contrary, the invention is defined by the claims which follow. It will indeed appear to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiments described above, in the light of the teaching which has just been disclosed to him. Also, a tidal turbine can be attached to a mooring, in particular in a tidal zone, so that it can change orientation depending on the direction of flow to which it is subjected.
Aussi, il peut y avoir un nombre différent de générateurs. Par exemple on peut avoir un seul générateur de forte puissance. On peut aussi en avoir huit, deux par transmission, de plus faible puissance, moins onéreux, et pouvant être plus aisément remplacés sans affecter durablement la production d’électricité. Also, there may be a different number of generators. For example, we can have a single high power generator. We can also have eight, two per transmission, lower power, less expensive, and can be more easily replaced without permanently affecting electricity production.
Notamment dans le cas d'un canal à débit et niveau sensiblement constant, une hydrolienne selon l’invention peut ne pas comprendre de flotteurs et prendre directement appui sur un seul ou sur les deux quais du canal. Particularly in the case of a channel with a flow rate and substantially constant level, a tidal turbine according to the invention may not include floats and be supported directly on one or on both docks of the channel.
Les flotteurs, comme les tringles et les montants, constituent des moyens pour adapter verticalement la position de l'hydrolienne au niveau du cour d’eau sur lequel elle est installée. The floats, like the rods and the uprights, constitute means for vertically adapting the position of the tidal turbine to the level of the water course on which it is installed.
Une hydrolienne selon l’invention est particulièrement avantageuse. En effet :A tidal turbine according to the invention is particularly advantageous. Indeed :
- elle ne nécessite pas de génie civil, donc elle a un faible impact environnemental et social ; - it does not require civil engineering, so it has a low environmental and social impact;
- les coûts et délais de mise en service ou de retrait sont réduits ; - the costs and times of commissioning or withdrawal are reduced;
- le tirant d’eau est faible ; - the draft is weak;
- la maintenance est simplifiée, puisqu'aucune partie électrique (câble, générateur..) n’est immergée ou en contact direct avec l'eau ; - maintenance is simplified, since no electrical part (cable, generator, etc.) is submerged or in direct contact with water;
- les essieux permettent d’entraîner plusieurs générateurs, d’une façon optimale quatre générateurs, tel que précédemment décrit ; - the axles allow to drive several generators, optimally four generators, as previously described;
- la proximité avec les berges permet une desserte plus facile d’un réseau urbain ; - elle peut être installée facilement dans une zone éloignée d'un réseau, par exemple pour un chantier, une fête campagnarde, ou dans une zone reculée dépourvue d’installation électrique. Une telle hydrolienne permet d’exploiter le potentiel électrique de cours d’eau peu ou pas exploités. - the proximity to the banks allows easier access to an urban network; - it can be easily installed in an area far from a network, for example for a building site, a country party, or in a remote area without electrical installation. Such a tidal turbine makes it possible to exploit the electrical potential of little or no exploited rivers.
En outre, l’utilisation d’une chaîne de godets montée sur deux axes horizontaux permet d’entraîner quatre générateurs électriques de plus forte puissance (typiquement 150 kVA) que la technologie actuelle, laquelle met en œuvre un seul générateur immergé, de faible capacité (typiquement de 40 kVA). In addition, the use of a chain of buckets mounted on two horizontal axes makes it possible to drive four electric generators of higher power (typically 150 kVA) than the current technology, which implements a single submerged generator, of low capacity. (typically 40 kVA).

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Hydrolienne (1) caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : 1. Tidal turbine (1) characterized in that it comprises:
une chaîne sans fin (3) de godets (4) et deux essieux (9) disposés sensiblement dans un même plan horizontal et parallèles entre eux, de sorte qu’un mouvement de la chaîne entraîne une rotation de chacun desdits essieux, - au moins un générateur d’électricité (6) et des moyens de transmission (12) du mouvement de rotation d’un essieu (9) à un arbre d'entrée (15) dudit générateur. an endless chain (3) of buckets (4) and two axles (9) arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other, so that a movement of the chain causes a rotation of each of said axles, - at least an electricity generator (6) and transmission means (12) of the rotational movement of an axle (9) to an input shaft (15) of said generator.
2. Hydrolienne (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend des moyens (2 ; 34, 38) pour adapter verticalement la position de ladite hydrolienne au niveau de l’eau sur laquelle elle est installée, lesdits moyens comprenant de préférence deux flotteurs (2) disposés de part et d’autre de la chaîne (3). 2. Tidal turbine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means (2; 34, 38) for vertically adapting the position of said tidal turbine to the level of the water on which it is installed, said means comprising preferably two floats (2) arranged on either side of the chain (3).
3. Hydrolienne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend une plateforme (7) disposée au-dessus de la chaîne (3). 3. Turbine (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a platform (7) disposed above the chain (3).
4. Hydrolienne (1) selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que la plateforme (7) forme un catamaran avec les flotteurs (2). 4. Tidal turbine (1) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the platform (7) forms a catamaran with the floats (2).
5. Hydrolienne (1) selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un générateur est fixé sur la plateforme (7). 5. Turbine (1) according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the at least one generator is fixed on the platform (7).
6. Hydrolienne (1) selon l’une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend quatre générateurs et quatre transmissions, chacune des transmissions étant disposée à une extrémité respective de chacun des essieux, chaque transmission entraînant un générateur respectif. 6. Turbine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises four generators and four transmissions, each of the transmissions being disposed at a respective end of each of the axles, each transmission driving a respective generator.
7. Hydrolienne (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce chaque transmission est une transmission à courroie. 7. Tidal turbine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each transmission is a belt transmission.
EP20705445.3A 2019-02-08 2020-01-28 Water current turbine Pending EP3921538A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1901273A FR3092627B1 (en) 2019-02-08 2019-02-08 Tidal turbine.
PCT/FR2020/050126 WO2020161411A1 (en) 2019-02-08 2020-01-28 Water current turbine

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EP3921538A1 true EP3921538A1 (en) 2021-12-15

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FR (1) FR3092627B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020161411A1 (en)

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US20220090575A1 (en) 2022-03-24
WO2020161411A1 (en) 2020-08-13
FR3092627B1 (en) 2022-12-16

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