EP3919178B1 - Crushing device comprising a feeding device with a drive device powered by an electric motor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a comminution device for comminuting material to be comminuted, such as materials, waste and production residues, comprising a comminution rotor rotatably mounted on a machine frame with comminution tools arranged thereon, a receiving area for accommodating material to be comminuted, and a feed device, which can be moved in the direction of the comminution rotor by means of a drive device Having stamp device, which is designed for supplying material to be comminuted to the comminution rotor.

Such shredding devices are well known in the art. The feed devices used, which are also referred to as post-pressing devices, are usually designed as oil-hydraulic systems on the drive side in order to generate the necessary contact pressures on the material to be comminuted, depending on the embodiment, while at the same time having a compact design of the drive of the feed device. Such conventional crushing devices with a hydraulic drive of the feed device are for a linearly movable stamping device, for example, in the German utility model DE 90 003 49 U1 and for a rotatably mounted stamping device in the patent application EP 3446786 A1 disclosed. A shredding device according to the preamble of claim 1 is in document US6016979A disclosed.

A disadvantage of such hydraulic drive systems for the feed device of known comminution devices is, on the one hand, the presence of many hydraulic interfaces on pipe and line connections with the associated frequent leaks during the operation of such systems. In this respect, these are maintenance-intensive on the one hand due to the necessary regular inspection of the pressurized components and are nevertheless prone to repairs. Due to the use of environmentally hazardous operating materials in such systems, these also require regular replacement of the hydraulic hoses, and the efficiency of such a drive system is reduced.

In this respect, the object of the present invention is to provide a comminution device with a feed device which at least partially eliminates the above-described disadvantages of conventional comminution devices.

The invention solves this problem with a comminution device having the features of claim 1. The comminution device according to the invention is characterized in that the drive device of the feed device has at least two electric actuators which are spaced apart, in particular parallel to the longitudinal direction of the comminution rotor, and are controlled by a control device are connected on the output side by means of a traverse extending in particular parallel to the rotor, the traverse is in operative connection with the plunger device via a spring-elastic damping device, in particular for the transmission of a force directed in the direction of the comminution rotor from the traverse of the drive device to the plunger device.

The comminution device according to the invention is based on the basic idea of providing a drive for the drive device of the feed device with continuous, mechanical power transmission, starting from an electric motor. In this case, the drive of the feed device for temporary energy absorption can be designed by arranging a spring-elastic damping device, with the potential spring-elastic energy being released again for moving the stamping device. In contrast to the oil-hydraulic systems of the feed device of conventional comminution devices, the comminution device according to the invention can be used to provide a leak-free drive with improved efficiency in relation to the drive device of the feed device, which also means that the use of environmentally hazardous operating materials can be dispensed with and the maintenance effort can be significantly reduced. Since a spring-elastic damping device for power transmission is connected between the stamping device and the drive device, components of the actuators such as the electric motor and/or transmission elements can be protected against overload in the event of sudden loads during operation.

In general, an electric actuator is understood to mean an electric motor gear unit which, depending on the embodiment, can also have a plurality of gear and/or clutch elements connected in series. The term "stamp device" or stamp is also referred to as "slide device" in the field or slide and can generally mean a device which is designed to exert a force on the material to be comminuted in order to move it in the direction of the comminution rotor. The receiving area specified above for receiving material to be comminuted can also be referred to as the comminution space. The statement "traverse of the drive device" can generally be understood as a connecting element which couples the at least two actuators to one another on the output side. Within the scope of the invention, the connecting element can be designed to provide a positive, non-positive or material connection between the plurality of electric actuators. In particular in the case of a linearly movably arranged and driven stamping device, it can be provided that the connecting element extends approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rotor, with the at least two electric actuators being able to extend approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rotor and spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the comminuting rotor on the machine frame can be attached to the crushing device. It can be provided that the at least two electric actuators linearly move the traverse of the drive device approximately perpendicularly and synchronously to the axis of the comminution rotor.

Advantageous developments of the invention and further features according to the invention are specified in the following general description, the figures, the description of the figures and the dependent claims.

It can be provided that the arrangement of the spring-elastic damping device between the traverse or the connecting element of the drive device and the stamping device is designed in such a way that the spring-elastic damping device Damping device is provided an operative connection both in a movement of the punch device in the direction of the rotor and in the direction away from the rotor. "Active connection" generally means a connection for the transmission of forces and/or torques. It can also be provided that the operative connection provided by the spring-elastic damping device between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device only when driving or moving the stamping device in the direction of the rotor, but not during the movement of the stamping device by driving via the traverse away from the rotor is set, ie that the operative connection provided by the spring-elastic damping device can be set up as a function of direction.

In order to transmit forces or torques during the movement of the plunger device away from the comminution rotor, , according to the invention, in addition to the spring-elastic damping device, a further coupling or connecting element can be provided which provides an operative connection between the traverse of the drive device and the plunger device, with the further coupling or Connecting element provides an operative connection during a movement of the stamp device in said opposite direction (relative to the stamp movement towards the crushing rotor). Such a further coupling or connecting element arranged between the traverse of the drive device and the ram device can, in particular, be a tie rod device which is designed solely to transmit the force for retracting the ram device from the rotor, but at least over a predetermined relative displacement path between the ram device and the traverse of the Drive means provide no operative connection for moving forward the stamp means in the direction of the crushing rotor.

It can be provided that the receiving or comminuting space can be restricted by sections of the stamping device, in particular a stamping plate area or a stamping plate, or these sections of the stamping device represent restricting sections of the receiving area or comminuting space of the comminuting device. The stamping device can be movably arranged or positively guided on a floor section delimiting the receiving area or the comminution space, in particular linearly movable, with the stamping device being able to be supported by the floor section, for example by means of a roller support. For this purpose, the stamping device can comprise, for example, a plurality of wheel elements or wheels on its underside facing the base section, which are set up to roll on this base section.

Forced guidance of the stamping device can be provided, for example, when setting up a linear movement of the stamping device in the direction of the comminuting rotor, for example by spaced-apart side sections of the machine frame of the comminuting device running approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the comminuting rotor, with inner surfaces of these side sections preferably being spaced over an effective width of the comminuting rotor can and limit the recording space. The stamp device can have an effective width which is essentially equal to the effective width of the comminution rotor. The effective width is the extent over which the rotor carries out a comminution of the material to be comminuted or the plunger device can cause the material to be comminuted to be fed in the direction of the comminution rotor.

In order to couple the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device, it can be provided, as described, that the traverse, the spring-elastic damping device and the stamping device are arranged in relation to one another in such a way that the operative connection between the traverse and stamping device, which is established by means of the spring-elastic damping device, occurs when the stamping device moves in the direction provided to the comminution rotor and canceled when the stamping device moves in the opposite direction. Such a coupling between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device can be expedient in particular in those embodiments in which the spring-elastic damping device exhibits different behavior with regard to compressive and tensile loads. In such a case in particular, it can be provided that the operative connection between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device is provided by different coupling devices during the movement of the traverse in two opposite directions, for example in a direction towards the rotor by means of an already described spring-elastic damping device and in the opposite direction by means of a rigid coupling, which acts, for example, once a predetermined spacing has been reached between the traverse of the drive device, the feed device and the stamping device and, with a smaller spacing between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device, allows free mobility between the stamping device and the drive device.

To couple the traverse of the drive device to the stamping device, it can be provided that the latter has an associated coupling traverse, also referred to as a coupling plate, which can in particular extend parallel to the crossbar of the drive device, wherein the crossbar of the drive device can be coupled via the spring-elastic damping device to the associated coupling crossbar of the stamping device, such that the spring-elastic damping device is in at least one relative operating position of the two crossbars to each other on both trusses. Such an operating position or operating situation can be, for example, one in which the stamping device is moved in the direction of the comminution rotor by correspondingly moving the traverse of the drive device. Such an operating situation can be characterized in particular by the fact that energy is stored in the spring-elastic damping device, which can be used to exert contact pressure on the stamping device despite the motor of the respective actuator being switched off, or to use this energy in a subsequent operating situation to push the stamping device to move towards the crushing rotor. The design of the feed device described above provides greater flexibility when controlling the drive device of the feed device in order to optimize the comminution process when the comminuting device according to the invention is operated.

Depending on the operation of the comminution device according to the invention, it can also be expedient to retract the plunger device in the device according to the invention to increase the distance between the plunger device and the comminution rotor, in particular for refilling the comminution space. In this respect, it can advantageously be provided that between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device, in particular between the traverse of the drive device and the coupling traverse a driver element such as a tie rod is arranged in the stamping device. Such a tie rod can, for example, comprise one or more driving bolts for moving the stamp device away from the crushing rotor by correspondingly controlling the drive device of the feed device, with a predetermined freewheel being able to be set up between the traverse of the drive device and the stamp device. The indication of free running means that the traverse of the drive device can be moved away from the stamping device up to a predetermined swelling distance before the stamping device is carried along.

The entrainment element can expediently be arranged between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device in such a way that it allows them to move towards one another and blocks a relative movement away from one another when a predetermined spacing is reached.

In an expedient embodiment, it can be provided that the spring-elastic damping device is clamped under pretension between the traverse of the drive device and the stamp device, in particular between the traverse of the drive device and the coupling traverse of the stamp device. Provision can preferably be made for the clamping to be designed in such a way that when the traverse of the drive device moves in the direction of the shredding rotor or the punch device, further compression of the spring-elastic damping device can take place, while when the traverse of the drive device moves in the opposite direction relative to the Crushing rotor or the stamp device no relative movement between the traverse of the drive device and the stamp device takes place, possibly to impermissible To avoid tensile loads on the spring-elastic damping device.

Depending on the embodiment, the spring-elastic damping device can be designed differently, for example in the form of a compression spring, e.g. a helical compression spring or a leaf spring. In a particularly expedient embodiment, the spring-elastic damping device can have one or more elastomer bodies, in particular cup-shaped or cylinder-shaped elastomer bodies. Provision can be made for the elastomer body or bodies to be fastened at the end to the traverse of the drive device or an intermediate plate and/or the stamping device, in particular a coupling traverse of the stamping device, in such a way that compression of the elastomer body or bodies occurs during the movement of the Allow Traverse of the drive device in the direction of the crushing rotor, but is prevented when moving the Traverse of the drive device in the opposite direction that a predetermined tensile force acts on the or the elastomer body to avoid damage to the elastomer body or bodies.

To compensate for any misalignment between the at least two actuators perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stamping device, it can expediently be provided that the traverse of the drive device is telescopic in its longitudinal direction, comprising at least two traverse elements that can be plugged into one another and which can essentially be freely moved relative to one another in the longitudinal extent of the assembled traverse are. In particular, it can be provided that the traverse is constructed in three parts with a middle element and two end elements, each telescopic end stem to the central part in the longitudinal direction Traverse are slidably arranged to provide the described compensation of misalignment between the two actuators approximately perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stamping device. In a similar way, to compensate for misalignments of the at least two actuators in the direction of movement of the traverse of the drive direction, provision can be made for corresponding loose bearings for the actuators to be mounted on the machine frame of the comminution device according to the invention, which, within predetermined limits, allow the actuators to move relative to one another, in particular parallel to the drive direction allow the stamping device.

A misalignment between the at least two actuators in relation to a direction perpendicular to a plane that is spanned by the direction of movement of the punch device and the longitudinal extension of the shredding rotor can be achieved by guiding the aforementioned tie rod or driving bolt in a slot, with this slot being carried out in particular on the traverse of the Drive device can be arranged.

The at least two electric actuators of the drive device of the feed device can be fastened to the machine frame for torque support. The at least two electric actuators can preferably each be attached to an outside of the machine frame, so that direct contact with the material to be comminuted can be avoided. For example, in each case one of the electric actuators can be arranged on the outside of a side wall that defines the receiving section or comminution space of the comminution direction. It can preferably be provided that a respective motor-side end of an in particular elongated actuator is connected to the comminution rotor is facing, so that the actuators can be attached to the crushing rotor pulling in the main load direction.

The special design of the at least two electric actuators can be specifically adapted to the material to be comminuted. It has been found, however, that for normal material to be comminuted, such an electric actuator can have an electric motor with a downstream reduction gear, which can preferably be connected to a helical gear on the output side, with the helical gear being able to be connected to the traverse of the drive device on the output side. Both electric actuators can preferably be of identical construction, with the helical gear being able to comprise a ball screw spindle in order to minimize friction losses within the drives. A planetary gear, for example, can be set up as the reduction gear, which enables a particularly compact design of the actuator. However, it is also within the scope of the invention to design the at least two electric actuators without a reduction gear, such that the shaft of the electric motor directly drives the helical gear. The purely electromechanical design of such an actuator is protected against impermissible impact loads in all of the described embodiments, in particular by the resilient damping device described, with the resilient damping device being able to be arranged between the traverse of the drive device and the stamping device so as to transmit force and/or torque.

When using a respective ball screw drive for the at least two electric actuators can be expediently provided that a respective recirculating ball nut an associated longitudinal end section of the traverse of the drive device is arranged or attached thereto, so that the recirculating ball nut moves with the traverse of the drive device attached thereto when the respective screw spindle, which can be mounted on the machine frame, rotates. The end of a respective electric actuator facing away from the motor can be attached to the machine frame via a floating bearing with a limited possibility of movement parallel to the direction of movement of the stamping device to compensate for any misalignments during the manufacture and/or arrangement of the at least two electric actuators on the machine frame or during operation of the crushing device according to the invention.

In the crushing device according to the invention, the drive device of the feed device can preferably be controlled as a function of the torque load of the drive of the crushing rotor. For this purpose, a central control device can be provided, which controls both the drive of the feed device and the drive of the comminution rotor depending on the respective operating situation. In particular, the controller can be designed to avoid overloading or blockage of the comminution rotor.

As already explained above, the spring-elastic damping device arranged between the traverse of the drive device of the feed device and the stamping device can be arranged and set up to absorb energy for moving the stamping device in the direction of the comminution rotor in a first operating situation by elastic deformation, in particular to provide a pressing force on the Stamping device for fixed actuators without the need for the electric motors at least both actuators must be energized. This procedure can be expedient, for example, in operating situations in which the comminuting rotor is working in the range of an overload threshold. The drive of the feed device can remain switched off since a necessary contact pressure of the material to be comminuted is provided via the punch device in the direction of the comminution rotor by the energy stored in the spring-elastic damping device. Correspondingly, in another operating situation, the spring-elastic damping device can be arranged and set up as described to release stored energy again through elastic deformation or reshaping, in particular for moving the stamping device in the direction of the comminution rotor. The energy that can be stored and released again by the spring-elastic damping device thus enables improved functionality during operation of the comminution device according to the invention.

In order to provide a synchronous movement of the traverse of the drive device by the at least two actuators, it can expediently be provided that a control of the comminution device is designed to carry out bearing measurements on both actuators in order to control the respective electric motors for the desired synchronous drive. This position measurement can be integrated in the motor control of the electric actuators, e.g. by designing the electric motors of the electric actuators as servomotors, which have sensors for position determination.

Expediently, it can also be provided in one embodiment that the controller is designed to trigger a mechanical braking device to fix the stamp device when a predetermined load moment is reached.

This procedure is particularly advantageous in those operating situations in which the feed of the stamping device has to be stopped because the shredding rotor is working at a load limit and/or a load torque threshold of the drive of the feed device has been reached.

Figur 1

in einer Prinzipdarstellung eine Aufsicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung,

Figur 2

in einer perspektivischen Ansicht den Antrieb einer Vorschubeinrichtung für die Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung der Figur 1 in einer Gesamtdarstellung, und

Figur 3

eine Teilansicht der Figur 2 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung

zeigt.The invention is explained below by describing an embodiment and modifications with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein

figure 1

in a schematic representation, a top view of a comminution device designed according to the invention,

figure 2

in a perspective view the drive of a feed device for the crushing device figure 1 in an overall view, and

figure 3

a partial view of figure 2 in an enlarged view

indicates.

figure 1 shows a crushing device 1 designed according to the invention in a top view of a basic representation. In the embodiment described, the crushing device 1 is designed for crushing household waste and has an approximately cuboid machine frame 2 with two side plates 20a, 20b, between which a crushing rotor 3 is rotatably supported via bearings (not shown). The comminution rotor 3 has a large number of over its range of action on its circumference not shown crushing tools. A base plate 40 and inner side surfaces 21a, b of the side plates 20a, b form a receiving or comminuting space 4 for the material to be comminuted. The machine frame 2 has a drop space below the shredding rotor 3, in which the material shredded by the rotor 3 falls downwards into a figure 1 falls out of the visible collection container. During operation, material to be comminuted is introduced into the receiving space 4 and can, for example due to a predetermined inclination of the base plate 4, slide in the direction of the comminution rotor 3, on which it is comminuted in a known manner, possibly in cooperation with counter knives fixed to the frame. In the representation of figure 1 the drive of the comminution rotor 3 is not shown;

In order to ensure that the material to be comminuted in the receiving or comminution space 4 is processed by the comminution tools on the comminution rotor 3, the comminution device 1 according to the invention has a feed device 5 which includes a plunger 80 which, depending on the embodiment, is cuboid or wedge-shaped can be and is arranged on the bottom plate 40 perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 3 slidably. In the embodiment described, the plunger 80 delimits the receiving space 4 with a delimiting section facing the crushing rotor 3, which is also referred to below as the plunger plate 81. By moving the plunger or the slide 80, the receiving space can be enlarged or reduced, for example to prepare for refilling the receiving space or for pushing the material to be shredded in the direction to the shredding rotor 3.

In order to drive the ram 80, the feed device 5 in the described embodiment 2 has actuators of identical construction which are arranged on a side plate 20a, b of the machine frame 2. These each comprise an electric motor 50a, b, whose motor shaft drives a reduction gear designed as a planetary gear 51a, b, which is connected on the output side to a ball screw spindle 52a, b, on which a recirculating ball nut 53a, b is slidably arranged. Both actuators constructed as described are connected on the output side, ie here on their respective recirculating ball nut 53a, b, by means of a traverse 70 running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotor. A mechanical coupling between the traverse 70 and the stamp 80 is effected by several, in 1 resilient damping devices 7a, b shown only symbolically.

The described drive section of the feed device 5 is shown in FIG figure 2 shown in detail and alone. As can be seen from the figure, is approximately perpendicular to the ball screw spindles 52a, b and in this respect parallel to the rotor axis in the embodiment described, see figure 1 , the traverse 70 is arranged, which connects the two electric actuators to one another on the output side. In the embodiment described, the traverse 70 is constructed in three parts with a hollow middle part 71 and two side parts 72a, b that can be inserted into the hollow middle part. Both side parts 72a, b are inserted telescopically into the hollow central part 70 and arranged to be displaceable in the direction of the rotor axis to compensate for any misalignment of the parts with respect to one another, in particular also during operation. To the middle part 71 of the traverse 70 or an associated intermediate plate 77, several barrel-shaped elastomer bodies 74a, b, which extend in the transverse direction of the traverse and are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the traverse, are fastened on the inside, which together form a spring-elastic damping device within the force path of the feed device 5 from the traverse 70 of the drive device to the stamping device provide 80. In addition, a tie rod 75 is arranged on the traverse 70, here comprising two driving bolts, which acts in a manner yet to be described to transmit force between the traverse 70 and the stamp 80. In figure 2 The two bearings 60a, b and 61a, b for the two actuators are also shown, with the bearings 60a, b close to the motor being arranged as fixed bearings and the bearings 61a, b remote from the motor being arranged as floating bearings with a possibility of movement in the direction of movement (X direction) of the slide 80 or are trained.

figure 3 shows the detail of the coupling of the traverse 70 to the in figure 2 left actuator in an enlarged view. The central element 71 of the traverse can be seen, into which the side part 72a is inserted, which includes a fork mount 73a at the end stem, which is designed to encompass the cylindrical outer surface of the recirculating ball nut 53a. This has a radial flange 54a facing the loose bearing 61a, via which the arms of the fork mount 73a are screwed to the recirculating ball nut 53a to entrain the traverse 70 when the recirculating ball nut moves on the associated ball screw spindle 52a. How out figure 3 It is also apparent that the fork arms of the fork mount 73a lie laterally against the flange 54a of the recirculating ball nut to provide optimum load transfer in the high-load direction, ie when the recirculating ball nut 53a moves in the direction of the crushing rotor. On the other hand, the load transfer takes place during the movement of the recirculating ball nut 53a in the opposite direction solely via the connecting bolts between the fork arms of the side element 72a and the flange 54a. In the figure 3 not shown coupling of the second actuator takes place in the same way.

To illustrate the coupling of the traverse 70 of the drive device with the slide 80 is referred to below figures 1 , 2 referenced. In the embodiment described, the slide or ram 80 is wedge-shaped, for example, with a ram plate 81 facing the rotor and with a coupling plate or coupling traverse 82 facing the traverse 70 of the drive device. This coupling plate or coupling traverse 82 delimits the slide at the rear in the direction of the traverse 70 of the drive device and acts as a contact surface for the faces of the elastomer bodies 74a-d facing the rotor, see FIG figure 2 . On the bottom side, the slider 80 has a number of non-visible running wheels, which are supported on an assigned running rail or the bottom plate 40 of the receptacle. Like in particular figure 2 shows, the slider 80 is constrained by the side plates 20a, b in a direction perpendicular to the rotor axis. The end faces of the elastomer bodies 74a-d facing away from the rotor can be connected to the traverse 70 directly or, as in the embodiment described, indirectly via an intermediate plate 77, for example by means of a cohesive connection by gluing or vulcanizing. The elastomeric bodies 74a-d are not connected to the coupling plate 82 in the described embodiment, see FIG figure 1 , Connected, but can be arranged spaced from the coupling plate depending on the operating situation, in particular when the slide is pulled back away from the crushing rotor 3 or on the coupling plate 82, in particular when the slide 80 is moved in the direction of the crushing rotor.

To pull the slide back away from the shredding rotor, a tie rod 75 is provided, which in the described embodiment includes the two driver bolts 76a, b, which extend parallel to the direction of movement of the slide 80 and are located on the rear side of the traverse 70 of the drive device and on the rear side of the coupling plate 82 support. The tie rod 75 arranged between the traverse 70 and the slide 80 is designed in such a way that when the slide moves away from the comminution rotor, the elastomer bodies 74a-d are not subjected to any tensile forces, while they allow the traverse 70 to move towards one another in the direction of the slide 80 . Thus, when the traverse 70 moves in the direction of the rotor or slide 80, the end faces of the elastomer bodies 74a - d facing the rotor can come into contact with the coupling plate 82 of the slide 80 and the elastomer bodies can then be compressed depending on an interaction of the stamp plate 81 with the material to be comminuted in the receiving space and thus elastic energy can be stored in the elastomer bodies. Depending on the operating situation, this energy can be used, for example to maintain a contact pressure on the material to be shredded when the drive is switched off, or to release the stored energy to move the slide and thus the material to be shredded in the direction of the rotor.

In an embodiment that is not shown, it can also be provided that the length of the driving bolts is adjusted in such a way that the elastomer bodies 74a-d are pretensioned in every operating situation, for example in order to set a specific characteristic curve of the elastomer bodies. In this embodiment too, the tie rod acts in particular when the slide is pulled back to transmit the movement the traverse 70 on the slide to avoid a tensile load on the elastomer body.

In a further embodiment that is not shown, one or more steel springs can also be arranged between the traverse 70 of the drive device and the coupling plate 82 of the ram or the slide 80, with these steel springs again being attached to one of the parts of the traverse or intermediate element or coupling plate , while they are unfastened on the other end. In this embodiment, too, a tie rod is used, which under certain circumstances is constructed identically to the previously described embodiment, in order to avoid tensile forces which under certain circumstances have a destructive effect on the damping element.

Reference List

1

crushing device

2

machine frame

3

shredding rotor

4

receiving/crushing room

5

feed device

6a, b

electric actuator

7a, b

Spring-elastic damping device

20a, b

Page sheet

21a, b

Inner surface

22a, b

support flange

30

shredding tool

40

floor panel, floor section

50a, b

electric motor

51a, b

planetary gear

52a, b

Ball screw spindle, screw spindle

53a, b

recirculating ball nut

54a, b

flange

60a, b

fixed bearing

61a, b

floating bearing

70

traverse

71

center element

72a, b

page element

73a, b

fork mount

74a-d

elastomer body

75

tie rod

76a, b

driving pin

77

intermediate plate

80

Stamp, slide, stamp device

81

stamp plate, stamp element

82

coupling plate, traverse

Claims (15)

1. Crushing device (1) for crushing material to be crushed such as valuable materials, waste and production residues comprising a crushing rotor (3) rotatably positioned on a machine frame (2) with crushing tools placed thereon, a receiving area (4) for receiving material to be crushed as well as a feeding device (5) that has a stamping device (80) movable by means of a driving device in direction of the crushing rotor (3), this stamping device being configured to feed material to be crushed to the crushing rotor (3), characterized in that the driving device of the feeding device (5) has at least two spaced electric actuators (6a, b) driven by means of a control device that are linked on the driven side by means of a crossbar (70), wherein the crossbar is operatively connected to the stamping device (80) by a spring-elastic damping device (7a, b).
2. Crushing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the stamping device (80) is movably placed on a bottom section (40) that limits the receiving area (4) and is supported by the bottom section in particular by means of a roll device.
3. Crushing device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the crossbar (70), the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) and the stamping device (80) are coupled with each other in such a manner that the operative connection between the crossbar (70) and the stamping unit (80) realized via the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) is made available during a motion of the stamping device (80) in direction of the crushing rotor (3) and is interrupted during a motion of the stamping device (80) in the opposite direction.
4. Crushing device (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the crossbar (70) of the driving device is coupled with an associated crossbar (82) of the stamping device (80) by means of the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b), wherein the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) bears on both crossbeams in at least one relative operating position to one another.
5. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a tension anchor (75) is placed between the crossbar (70) of the driving device and of the stamping device (80), in particular between the crossbar (70) of the driving device (82) and the crossbar (82) of the stamping device (80) for moving the stamping device (80) away from the crushing rotor (3) by means of the driving device of the feeding device (5), wherein in particular a predetermined freewheel is set up between the crossbar (70) of the driving device and of the stamping device (80).
6. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) is clamped under pretension between the crossbar (70) of the driving device (82) and the crossbar (82) of the stamping device (80).
7. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) comprises at least one elastomer body (74a-d).
8. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the crossbar (70) of the driving device is configured telescopic comprising at least two crossbar elements (71, 72a, b) inserted into each other that are substantially free movable in longitudinal extension of the assembled crossbar for compensating alignment errors between the at least two actuators (6a, b).
9. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least two actuators (6a, b) are placed spaced from each other parallel to the longitudinal direction of the crushing rotor (3) and outside the receiving area (4) of the material to be crushed and are fixed to the machine frame (2).
10. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least two actuators (6a, b) have respectively one electric motor (50a, b) with a reduction gear connected downstream that is connected on the output side to a helical gear that is in turn connected to the crossbeam (70) on the output side, wherein in particular the respective helical gear is configured as a planetary gear (51a, b) that is connected on the output side to a ball screw drive (52a, b; 53a, b), wherein in particular a respective ball screw nut (53a, b) is fixed to an associated end section of the crossbar (70) of the driving device and a respective screw spindle (52a, b) is positioned on the machine frame (2).
11. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the control device is configured to trigger the respective electric motors (50a, b) of the actuators based on load depending on the torque load of the drive of the crushing rotor (3).
12. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) is placed and designed to absorb energy for moving the stamping device (80) in direction of the crushing rotor (3) in a first operating situation due to elastic deformation for providing a pressing force onto the stamping device (80), the actuators (6a, b) being stationary.
13. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the spring-elastic damping device (7a, b) is placed and designed to convert energy stored by elastic deformation by moving the stamping device (80) in direction of a crushing rotor (3) in a second operating situation.
14. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the control is designed to execute position measurements of both actuators (6a, b) for such a triggering of a respective electric motor (50a, b) of the actuators that the crossbar (70) of the driving device is synchronically moved by both actuators.
15. Crushing device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the control is designed to trigger the respective electric motors (50a, b) of the actuators, when reaching a predetermined load torque, for providing a motor torque corresponding to the predetermined load torque or to trigger a mechanical braking device for fixing the stamping device (80).

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