EP3911196A1 - Adjustable angle mechanism for crimping-blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materials - Google Patents
Adjustable angle mechanism for crimping-blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materialsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3911196A1 EP3911196A1 EP19708145.8A EP19708145A EP3911196A1 EP 3911196 A1 EP3911196 A1 EP 3911196A1 EP 19708145 A EP19708145 A EP 19708145A EP 3911196 A1 EP3911196 A1 EP 3911196A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crimping
- male mold
- mold
- need
- flexible male
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 title description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D17/00—Pulling-over or lasting machines with oscillating shoe supports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D11/00—Machines for preliminary treatment or assembling of upper-parts, counters, or insoles on their lasts preparatory to the pulling-over or lasting operations; Applying or removing protective coverings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D11/00—Machines for preliminary treatment or assembling of upper-parts, counters, or insoles on their lasts preparatory to the pulling-over or lasting operations; Applying or removing protective coverings
- A43D11/12—Machines for forming the toe part or heel part of shoes, with or without use of heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D63/00—Machines for carrying-out other finishing operations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D95/00—Shoe-finishing machines
- A43D95/02—Machines for treating or smoothing shoe uppers to remove wrinkles, folds, or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
- A43D95/00—Shoe-finishing machines
- A43D95/12—Devices for conditioning, tempering, or moistening
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a leather and/or synthetic materials crimping-blocking mechanism, being capable of providing vamp forming to a suitable usable fault-free shoe component, without the need for re cutting, that is designed, manufactured and marketed by us exclusively for the first time.
- the present mechanisms known to those skilled in the art of crimping- blocking machines i.e the process in which a purposely cut and geometrically calculated, based on a relevant shoe last and relevant shoe design for that last, a piece of leather is formed so as to have a steep angle in order to be placed and further processed (stitched, glued etc) in the toe and throat area of a boot shoe, consist of two different approaches.
- the oldest system in a general description in accordance with the prior art shown in figure 1, consists of two metal plates (11), that clamp the piece of leather to be formed, and after that said piece of leather is forced through an adjustable opening (12), that stretches the material into the desired shape.
- the newer system in accordance with the prior art shown in figure 2, is a flexible male mold, of various shapes and sizes (13), on which the piece of leather is placed and then this is pressed onto a mold (14), of a relevant form that gives said leather piece a bend shape.
- the newer system with the elastic mold although it is capable of producing a wrinkle free formed piece, it achieves very limited angles, while the nature of the pressing creates a lot of compression on the center of the piece, that rapidly decreases as we radiate towards the piece edges. Any effort to increase the final angle by pressure, results in stretching of the materials and wrinkles start to form, since the overstretching of the elastic mold causes excess elongation that results in deformations.
- This system is suitable for synthetic materials, also since it forms on a more female-male mold principle and not on a stretching principle, and although it is able to vary the angle of the formed piece by adjusting the pressing pressure, the maximum angles achieved are far for the desirable, and finally it is only able to handle simple geometries and unable to do the steep angles needed as the plates system can.
- the objective of the present invention is to overcome and eliminate all problems and disadvantages of the prior art mentioned above, by providing a new mechanism for leather and synthetic materials crimping - blocking, being capable of giving the materials the desired angles needed without irregular deformations, with said angles being adjustable, also being able to work with any kind of material, and to eliminate the need for after process trimming or ironing, as well as to press uniformly the whole material area.
- an adjustable angle mechanism for crimping - blocking machine with no deformation of leather and synthetic materials consisting of a main frame (9), a sub housing movable frame (10), housing two bending cylinders (6), and a displacing cylinder (7), wherein said sub housing movable frame (10), is itself being displaced by another suitable cylinder (8), and travels towards a fixed female mold (1) on said housing frame there are two rocker plates (5) with one pivot point for each (4), and on said plates (5) there are two sliding surfaces (3), with openings that house and lock in position a flexible male mold (2), also controlling its elongation, and said invention mechanism is capable of achieving many different angles without irregular deformations that can be adjusted without the need of changing the molds, it works with any kind of material and eliminates the need for after process trimming or ironing, and furthermore it ensures a uniform pressing of the whole material area, and almost zero elongation of the flexible male mold.
- Fig 1 shows the fixed shape plates mechanism of the prior art, in a perspective view.
- Fig.2 shows the flexible mold mechanism of the prior art, in a perspective view.
- Fig.3 shows the invention mechanism, in a perspective view.
- Fig.4 shows the invention mechanism, in a plan cross-sectional view, at rest position
- Fig.5 shows the invention mechanism, in a plan cross-sectional view, at pressed position.
- an adjustable angle mechanism for crimping - blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materials comprises of a main frame (9), a sub housing movable frame (10), a small traverse cylinder (7) of said sub housing movable frame (10), a main traverse and pressing cylinder (8), two properly attached on the movable sub frame bending cylinders (6) driving each one, a plate (5) that each pivots on a shaft (4), while on said plates (5) two sliding surfaces (3) are attached which house and lock in place a flexible male mold (2), said mechanism characterized in that, when activated and pressed against a fixed female mold (1), due to its overall design is capable of copying the shape of said fixed female mold (1), in a male-female manner ⁇ also it is characterized in that, it is capable of eliminating the need for after process trimming deformations on the material, for the design of the mechanism results in a pressing and bending motion made possible by timing
Landscapes
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2019/050423 WO2020148572A1 (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Adjustable angle mechanism for crimping–blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materials |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3911196A1 true EP3911196A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
EP3911196B1 EP3911196B1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
Family
ID=65598677
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19708145.8A Active EP3911196B1 (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Adjustable angle mechanism for crimping-blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materials |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3911196B1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN212630093U (en) |
BG (1) | BG113400A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112020007214A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE112019006690T5 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2893962B2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL438375A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020148572A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112020007214A2 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-10-13 | N. Triantafyllis Ltd | adjustable angle mechanism for crimp-lock machine without deformation of leather and / or synthetic materials |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1186875A (en) * | 1966-11-12 | 1970-04-08 | Ralphs Unified Ltd | Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for use in Shoe Manufacture |
US3977033A (en) * | 1975-07-23 | 1976-08-31 | Usm Corporation | Molding bands |
BR9200883A (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1992-11-03 | Mohrbach & Cia Ltda J | BACK SHOE MACHINE |
GR1003824B (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-02-26 | ������� & ���� �� Olympic Shoe Machinery | Dynamic shoe-lasting and lining machine for ready-made uppers (vamps) used in shoe making |
DE20120632U1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2002-06-13 | Leibrock Maschinenfabrik Im Un | Device for molding the back caps of shoe uppers |
CN203943175U (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-11-19 | 川佶机械有限公司 | The upper plate of the special forming machine of vamp |
CN206791819U (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-12-26 | 赣州市兴扬机械制造有限公司 | Vamp set-back shaping equipment |
BR112020007214A2 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-10-13 | N. Triantafyllis Ltd | adjustable angle mechanism for crimp-lock machine without deformation of leather and / or synthetic materials |
-
2019
- 2019-01-18 BR BR112020007214-1A patent/BR112020007214A2/en unknown
- 2019-01-18 PL PL438375A patent/PL438375A1/en unknown
- 2019-01-18 WO PCT/IB2019/050423 patent/WO2020148572A1/en unknown
- 2019-01-18 ES ES202190040A patent/ES2893962B2/en active Active
- 2019-01-18 DE DE112019006690.0T patent/DE112019006690T5/en active Pending
- 2019-01-18 BG BG113400A patent/BG113400A/en unknown
- 2019-01-18 EP EP19708145.8A patent/EP3911196B1/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202020123819.8U patent/CN212630093U/en active Active
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010055743.4A patent/CN111184317B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3911196B1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
WO2020148572A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
BG113400A (en) | 2022-11-30 |
ES2893962B2 (en) | 2022-07-15 |
BR112020007214A2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
PL438375A1 (en) | 2021-12-06 |
CN111184317B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
CN111184317A (en) | 2020-05-22 |
CN212630093U (en) | 2021-03-02 |
ES2893962A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
DE112019006690T5 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3911196B1 (en) | Adjustable angle mechanism for crimping-blocking machine with no deformation of leather and/or synthetic materials | |
US2728316A (en) | Combined shearing and pressing tool | |
US4555823A (en) | Machine for the automatic carding of uppers for footwear | |
TR2021009321T (en) | Adjustable angle mechanism for anti-roll machine that does not deform leather and/or synthetic materials. | |
US2889865A (en) | Clamping jaw | |
EP1742549B1 (en) | Rotating shoe back part molding machine head with integrated wiper system and system of independent divided pincers for lengthwise stretching | |
US3445872A (en) | Automatic machine for manufacturing footwear | |
US7231795B2 (en) | Automatic rolling machine with flat chasers | |
US1939750A (en) | Method of and machine for operating upon soles | |
US3445873A (en) | Methods and apparatus for forming and preforming shoe upper foreparts | |
US3443269A (en) | Top line pressing machine for shoe uppers | |
US375494A (en) | Peters | |
US1858192A (en) | Apparatus for pressing leather | |
US365608A (en) | Process of and means for molding heel-stiffeners for boots or shoes | |
US2266026A (en) | Method of and apparatus for folding | |
US134584A (en) | Improvement in machines for making shank-pieces for boots and shoes | |
US1001078A (en) | Machine for operating on shoes. | |
US392564A (en) | Heel-stiffener machine | |
US1140467A (en) | Machine for operating on shoes. | |
US1831525A (en) | Shoe pressing machine | |
US1996863A (en) | Method of and machine for finishing the edges of sheet material | |
US1003452A (en) | Machine for making impression or imitation stitches. | |
US3355842A (en) | Shoe part reducing machines | |
US2226380A (en) | Method of shoe making | |
US3383725A (en) | Edge trimming apparatus |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210713 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230413 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1581915 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20230715 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602019031668 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG9D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230928 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20230628 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1581915 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230929 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231028 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231030 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20231028 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602019031668 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20230628 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240110 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240112 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |