EP3908704A1 - Tooth for attaching to an excavator bucket - Google Patents
Tooth for attaching to an excavator bucketInfo
- Publication number
- EP3908704A1 EP3908704A1 EP19832361.0A EP19832361A EP3908704A1 EP 3908704 A1 EP3908704 A1 EP 3908704A1 EP 19832361 A EP19832361 A EP 19832361A EP 3908704 A1 EP3908704 A1 EP 3908704A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tooth
- insert
- metal matrix
- excavator
- bucket
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2883—Wear elements for buckets or implements in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/06—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for manufacturing or repairing tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/285—Teeth characterised by the material used
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2866—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits for rotating digging elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator, and a method for producing such a tooth.
- Digging machines such as excavators, in particular bucket wheel excavators, are used to solve hard materials, such as rock in an open-cast mine.
- Such bucket wheel excavators have teeth, in particular digging or cutting teeth, which are attached to the excavator bucket. Machining hard materials often causes significant wear to the teeth of the excavator bucket, especially the tooth tips. There is therefore a need to replace such teeth frequently, which leads to high downtimes and maintenance costs.
- a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator is known from DE 20 2015 006 273 U1.
- the teeth of a bucket wheel excavator are usually cast from a steel and provided with wear protection. This wear protection is often very brittle and does not withstand the high loads of an excavator process. The result is rapid wear and tear and even destruction of the excavator tooth.
- a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator is formed from a metal matrix composite material, the metal matrix composite material having an insert made of a hard material cast into a metal matrix material.
- the insert is a wear protection element.
- the term “cast in” means that the Insert is at least partially enclosed with the cast material, namely the metal matrix material.
- Hard materials include, for example, ceramics, diamonds, carbides or nitrides. Hard materials in particular have a hardness of 950HV30 to 2200 HV30, preferably 1500HV30 to 2200HV30.
- the metal matrix composite material preferably consists exclusively of one or more inlays and a metal matrix material.
- the entire tooth is made entirely of the metal matrix composite material.
- the tooth preferably has a tooth head and an adjoining tooth shaft.
- the toothed shaft is preferably designed such that it can be connected to an excavator shovel.
- only the tooth tip is formed from the metal matrix composite material, the tooth shaft being forged, for example.
- the tooth head is connected to the tooth shaft by means of welding.
- a forged tooth shaft has better mechanical properties than a cast tooth shaft, which prevents breakages in the shaft area, for example.
- the material to be mined with the bucket wheel excavator is, for example, hard rock, such as mineral material, ores, coal, oil sand, limestone, marl, clay, chalk, plaster and similar raw materials.
- the insert comprises, for example, a hard material from the list diamond, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide, vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, and / or ceramics, such as aluminum and / or zirconium oxide, or a mixture of these materials.
- a hard material from the list diamond
- tungsten carbide titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide, vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, and / or ceramics, such as aluminum and / or zirconium oxide, or a mixture of these materials.
- the insert comprises a hard material from the list diamond, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide, vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, or ceramic, such as aluminum and / or zirconium oxide, or a mixture of these materials.
- the insert comprises about 20% to 80%, preferably 30% to 75%, most preferably 45% -55% tungsten carbide, the remaining component of the insert being mainly carbon with a balance.
- the insert comprises approximately 20% to 80%, preferably 30% to 75%, most preferably 45% to 55% titanium carbide, the remaining component of the insert being mainly carbon with a remainder.
- the preceding information is volume percent.
- the insert has, in particular, a porous structure, the insert preferably having a plurality of pores which are, for example, evenly distributed and / or formed.
- the pores are honeycomb-shaped.
- the insert is preferably formed in one piece.
- the tooth is preferably formed in one piece and produced by a casting process.
- a metal matrix composite material is to be understood as a material made of a metal matrix material such as steel, in which the insert is cast from a hard material.
- the metal matrix material is, for example, a steel with a hardness of approximately 200-600 HB, in particular 350-500 HB, preferably 450 HB (Brinell) and, for example, an elongation at break of greater than or equal to 1 -15%, in particular 2-8% .
- the formation of the tooth from a metal matrix composite material offers the advantage of simple manufacture and high wear protection, which results from the insert formed from a hard material.
- the insert is made from a powdery and / or granular mixture of, for example, a hard material or tungsten, chromium, niobium vanadium, boron, titanium, silicon tantalum or from a mixture of these elements by heating.
- the insert is produced from a powdery mixture of tungsten, chromium, niobium vanadium, boron, titanium, silicon tantalum or from a mixture of these elements by heating. It is also conceivable to insert a granular mixture of tungsten, chromium, niobium Vanadium, boron, titanium, silicon tantalum or made from a mixture of these elements by heating.
- the mixture of tungsten, chromium, niobium vanadium, boron, titanium, silicon or tantalum or a mixture of these elements is preferably mixed with an additive / reactant such as, for example, with carbon and / or nitrogen and to the insert, preferably a precursor of the insert pressed, glued or sintered.
- the insert is then placed in a casting mold that corresponds to the negative shape of the tooth and poured with the hot metal matrix material, so that the insert is enclosed by the metal matrix material and the metal matrix material at least partially infiltrates into the insert, so that the metal matrix material penetrates into the pores of the porous ones Insert and fills it out.
- the heat acting on the pressed, glued or sintered materials in the casting process ensures a reaction between the various elements and their reaction partners, so that, for example, wear-resistant carbides and nitrides, such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide, vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, tantalum carbide, Boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and / or a mixture of these arise.
- the carbides and nitrides form the insert within the metal matrix material.
- the insert consist, for example, of a powdery and / or granular mixture of particles (grains), in particular hard materials comprising ceramic, such as aluminum and zirconium oxide or hard metal, preferably carbides and nitrides such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide Vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum carbide, boron nitride, silicon nitride and / or titanium nitride, or a mixture of these compounds is produced, the mixture being mixed, for example, with a binder, heated, in particular gassed, and baked.
- ceramic such as aluminum and zirconium oxide or hard metal
- carbides and nitrides such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chromium carbide Vanadium carbide, silicon carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum carbide,
- the mixture is preferably heated in a flexible form, for example, which corresponds to the negative form of the insert.
- the insert is produced by pressing, gluing or sintering the aforementioned powdery material and inserted into the casting mold, which corresponds to the negative shape of the tooth.
- Granular tungsten carbide, titanium carbide or niobium carbide is preferably mixed with a binder, heated, especially fumigated, and baked. The insert is then enclosed in the casting mold by the metal matrix material and at least partially inflated.
- a porous structure of the insert is not to be understood to mean that it inevitably has pores filled with air, rather the pores are ideally all, realistically for the most part, filled with the metal matrix.
- the insert forms the surface of the tooth at least partially or completely.
- the insert on the surface of the tooth is at least partially covered with the metal matrix material.
- the metal matrix material is preferably a ductile, softer material than the material of the insert, which is why the metal matrix material wears out faster than the insert and is washed out, for example, from the pores arranged on the surface of the tooth.
- the tooth is partially or completely produced by a casting process.
- the tooth head is made by a casting process.
- the insert is positioned in a mold that has the negative shape of the tooth.
- the metal matrix material is then poured into the casting mold so that it infiltrates into the pores of the insert and at least partially or completely encloses the insert with the metal matrix material.
- the casting process represents a particularly simple way of producing the tooth, the insert being able to be placed at any point within the casting mold in a simple manner, and wear protection can thus be achieved at any point on the tooth.
- the tooth has a plurality of deposits.
- the plurality of deposits comprises a plurality of particles, in particular hard material particles.
- An insert formed from a particle preferably has a size of 0.2 microns to 6 microns, the Particles are produced, for example, by carburizing tungsten with carbon.
- Each insert preferably consists of exactly one particle, the deposits being arranged in a disordered manner in the matrix material.
- the tooth has exactly one insert.
- three inlays are arranged within the tooth, which preferably extend along the surface of the tooth. A large number of inserts offers the possibility of arranging them where the wear is greatest.
- the remaining areas of the tooth can be cast with the cheaper metal matrix material.
- the insert has a thickness of approximately 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably 5 mm to 25 mm. The insert preferably extends over the entire width of the tooth head.
- the insert extends at least partially or completely in the longitudinal direction of the tooth along the surface.
- the insert extends completely over the entire extent of the tooth head.
- the tooth preferably has only one insert, which is the simplest and most cost-effective embodiment of the tooth.
- the tooth has a tooth head, the insert being arranged in the tooth head.
- the tooth head preferably has a cutting surface which ensures improved removal of the material.
- the tooth head preferably points in the direction of rotation of the excavator bucket of the bucket wheel excavator and comes into contact with the material during the excavation process.
- the tooth preferably has a tooth shaft with a fastening region at one end and the tooth head at its opposite end.
- the toothed shaft preferably has means for attaching the tooth to an excavator bucket.
- only the tooth head has an insert, the tooth shaft being formed exclusively from the matrix material.
- the tooth head and the tooth shaft are formed in one piece, preferably cast. A two-part training is also conceivable.
- the insert preferably forms at least partially the surface of the tooth head and extends in particular along the entire surface of the tooth head.
- One or more deposits are preferably arranged in the tooth head.
- the tooth head has a cutting surface which comes into contact with the material when the material is removed and in particular cuts it.
- the insert at least partially forms the cutting surface.
- the tooth head preferably has a multiplicity of cutting surfaces, for example three cutting surfaces.
- the insert preferably extends completely along the entire cutting surface of the tooth head.
- the insert has a V-shaped cross section and is, for example, bowl-shaped.
- all of the outer surfaces of the tooth head are cutting surface and the insert is, for example, designed in the form of a shell, so that it extends along the outer surfaces of the tooth head.
- the insert is preferably formed in one piece and the tooth in particular has exactly one insert.
- the core of the tooth is preferably formed exclusively from the metal matrix material, the insert being arranged only on the regions of the surface of the tooth.
- a plurality of inlays are arranged on each cutting surface of the tooth.
- the inserts are preferably plate-shaped and in particular are arranged next to one another.
- the tooth head has a plurality of cutting surfaces, at least one cutting surface being largely made of the metal matrix material.
- a large part is, for example, more than 60% to 95%, preferably 70% to 90%, in particular 80%.
- at least one cutting surface or all other cutting surfaces are additionally provided with an insert which in particular extends completely along the cutting surfaces.
- the invention also includes an excavator bucket for attachment to a bucket wheel of a bucket wheel excavator with a tooth as described above.
- a plurality of teeth described above are attached to each bucket.
- at least one tooth or each tooth of an excavator bucket has an insert embedded in matrix material.
- the invention also includes a method for producing a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator, comprising the steps:
- the insert is produced from a powdery and / or granular mixture of a hard material by means of gluing, pressing, sintering before positioning.
- the tooth has a tooth head and a tooth shaft, the tooth head being produced by casting and the tooth shaft being forged, the tooth head subsequently being connected, preferably welded, to the tooth shaft.
- the insert before the insert is positioned, the insert is pressed from a mixture of tungsten, chromium, niobium vanadium, boron, titanium silicon and / or tantalum and / or a mixture of these elements.
- the material of the insert reacts to carbides during the casting process.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a bucket wheel of a bucket wheel excavator with a plurality of excavator buckets in a front view according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator in an isometric view according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket of a bucket wheel excavator in an isometric sectional view according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2.
- the paddle wheel 10 of FIG. 1 shows a bucket wheel 10, for example a bucket wheel excavator for dismantling bulk material or a bridge bucket wheel device for reloading bulk material, in particular in an open-cast mine or a storage location.
- Such paddle wheels are preferably used for mining or reloading minerals, ores, sand, clay, gravel, oil sand, coal or other granular materials.
- the paddle wheel 10 of FIG. 1 has a paddle wheel frame 18 which is essentially ring-shaped and, for example, has a plurality of segments in the form of part circles.
- a plurality of excavator blades 12 are attached to the bucket wheel frame 18.
- the paddle wheel 10 shown in FIG. 1 has eight blades 12, which are attached to the outer circumference of the paddle wheel frame 18 at a uniform distance from one another. Each blade 12 is attached to the blade wheel frame 18 so as to be rotatable about a pivot axis.
- the paddle wheel 10 rotates around the central axis of the paddle wheel frame during operation.
- the direction of rotation is exemplary against the Clockwise.
- Each excavator bucket 12 preferably has two opposite cutting edges 14, 16, so that the operation of the bucket wheel 10 is possible in both directions of rotation, so that the cutting edge 14, 16 of the bucket 12 pointing in the direction of rotation of the bucket wheel can engage in the material to be removed.
- a plurality of teeth 20 are attached to each of the excavator buckets 12, as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. The teeth are preferably attached to the respective cutting edge 12, 14 of the excavator bucket 12.
- Fig. 2 shows a tooth 20 for attachment to an excavator bucket, not shown.
- the tooth 20 comprises a tooth head 22 and a tooth shaft 24, the tooth head 22 being formed, for example, in one piece with the tooth shaft 24. It is also conceivable to design the tooth shaft 24 and the tooth head 22 as separate components and then to connect them to one another, for example by welding.
- the tooth shaft 24 preferably adjoins the tooth head 22 and serves in particular to fasten the tooth 20 to an excavator bucket 12 of a bucket wheel excavator.
- the tooth head 22 forms the front end of the tooth 20 which, in the operation of the tooth 20, points in the direction of rotation of the impeller 10.
- the tooth head 22 is tooth-shaped and tapered in the direction of the tip of the tooth 10.
- the tooth head 22 has, for example, a triangular or quadrangular cross-sectional area.
- the tooth tip 22 preferably has four outer surfaces, namely two opposing, lateral cutting surfaces 26, an upper surface 28 and a lower cutting surface 30.
- the tooth shaft 24 has two legs 30, 32, for example, which extend parallel to one another. Each of the legs 32, 34 has bores 36, 38, the respective bores 36, 38 of the other leg 32, 34 are in particular opposite one another.
- the bores 36, 38 serve to receive fastening means (not shown) for fastening the tooth 22 to an excavator bucket 12.
- the tooth 20 preferably has a stop 40 at the end region of the tooth shaft 24, which serves to position the tooth 20 on the excavator bucket 12 and in the case of a tooth 20 mounted on an excavator bucket 12, in particular on the latter the cutting edge 14, 16 of the excavator bucket 12 abuts.
- the toothed shaft is preferably fastened to the cutting edge 14, 16 of the excavator bucket 12.
- the tooth 20 is formed from a metal matrix composite material, the metal matrix composite material having an insert 44 made of a hard material and cast into a metal matrix material 42.
- the insert is preferably made of a hard material and has a porous structure.
- the hard material includes, for example, tungsten carbide, ceramic, such as aluminum and zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide or chromium carbide, or a mixture of these materials.
- the metal matrix material 28 comprises a more ductile material than the insert 44, such as steel, and is cast into the insert 44.
- the metal matrix material 42 is in particular infiltrated into the insert 44, a cohesive, firm connection between the inserts 44 being produced from a hard material and the metal matrix material 28.
- the tooth 20 is preferably produced by a casting process and in particular is formed in one piece.
- the at least one insert 44 is produced from a powdery and / or granular mixture of particles (grains) comprising tungsten carbide, ceramics, such as aluminum and zirconium oxide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide or chromium carbide, or from a mixture of these materials, wherein the Mixture is mixed, for example, with a binder, heated, in particular gassed, and baked. In particular, the mixture is heated in a flexible form, for example, which corresponds to the negative form of the insert 44. The mixture then cools down and hardens to a very wear-resistant body with a porous structure.
- the insert 44 is placed in a casting mold which corresponds to the negative shape of the tooth 20.
- the metal matrix material is then poured into the casting mold so that it is filtered into the insert 44 and at least partially or completely surrounds it.
- the insert 44 is designed such that it extends over the entire cutting surface of the tooth 20.
- the insert 44 preferably forms at least partially the lateral cutting surfaces 26 and the lower one Cutting surface 30 and is formed in one piece. It is also conceivable for the insert to be formed from a plurality of segments which are arranged next to one another.
- the insert 44 is poured into the metal matrix material 28, so that it preferably infiltrates into the insert.
- the entire tooth 20 is formed from the metal matrix composite material.
- the upper surface 28 of the tooth head 22 has, for example, no insert 44, only the upper ends of the inserts 44 of the cutting surfaces 26 forming part of the upper surface 28 of the tooth head 22.
- the top surface 28 is formed in large part or entirely from the metal matrix material. When the tooth 20 is in operation, it therefore wears out faster than the insert 44, so that the tooth shape of the tooth 20 is tightened.
- FIG. 3 shows the tooth 20 according to FIG. 2 in a sectional view, the same elements being identified by the same reference numerals.
- the insert 44 extends over the entire surface of the cutting surfaces 26 and the lower cutting surface 30 and is preferably designed in the form of a shell and in one piece.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019200302.8A DE102019200302A1 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-01-11 | Tooth for attachment to an excavator bucket |
PCT/EP2019/086311 WO2020144040A1 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-12-19 | Tooth for attaching to an excavator bucket |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3908704A1 true EP3908704A1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
Family
ID=69137872
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19832361.0A Withdrawn EP3908704A1 (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-12-19 | Tooth for attaching to an excavator bucket |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3908704A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113272502A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019200302A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020144040A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE672257C (en) * | 1936-11-11 | 1939-02-27 | Meutsch Voigtlaender & Co Vorm | Process for the production of workpieces which are provided with hard metal supports or inlays |
US2608111A (en) * | 1947-06-17 | 1952-08-26 | American Brake Shoe Co | Repointer bar and method of repointing teeth |
US4101318A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-07-18 | Erwin Rudy | Cemented carbide-steel composites for earthmoving and mining applications |
DE2723353A1 (en) * | 1977-05-24 | 1978-11-30 | Permanence Corp | Metal tungsten carbide composites - are made by pouring melt into mould contg. cobalt bound tungsten carbide particles |
US5066546A (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1991-11-19 | Kennametal Inc. | Wear-resistant steel castings |
KR100783100B1 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2007-12-07 | 주식회사 티엠시 | Tip for a buchket of an excavator and method for manufacturing the same |
BE1018127A3 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-05-04 | Magotteaux Int | COMPOSITE TOOTH FOR WORKING SOIL OR ROCKS. |
CN102182223B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Composite dipper tooth of excavator and manufacturing method thereof |
KR20140145699A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 주식회사 티엠시 | Tooth for an rock excavator used in a mine and method for manufacturing the same |
DE202015006273U1 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2015-10-08 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Tooth arrangement for attachment to an excavator bucket or a crushing roller |
US20170233986A1 (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-17 | Caterpillar Inc. | Ground engaging component and method for manufacturing the same |
-
2019
- 2019-01-11 DE DE102019200302.8A patent/DE102019200302A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-19 CN CN201980088622.5A patent/CN113272502A/en active Pending
- 2019-12-19 WO PCT/EP2019/086311 patent/WO2020144040A1/en unknown
- 2019-12-19 EP EP19832361.0A patent/EP3908704A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113272502A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
WO2020144040A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
DE102019200302A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
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