EP3900062A1 - Dispositif d'accord - Google Patents
Dispositif d'accordInfo
- Publication number
- EP3900062A1 EP3900062A1 EP19829585.9A EP19829585A EP3900062A1 EP 3900062 A1 EP3900062 A1 EP 3900062A1 EP 19829585 A EP19829585 A EP 19829585A EP 3900062 A1 EP3900062 A1 EP 3900062A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tuning
- piezoelectric transducer
- piezoelectric
- tuning device
- assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/153—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals
- H01F1/15333—Amorphous metallic alloys, e.g. glassy metals containing nanocrystallites, e.g. obtained by annealing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/802—Circuitry or processes for operating piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. drive circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of tuning devices. These devices find a utility for supplying piezoelectric transducers, in particular in the field of sonars, for example acoustic wave transmitting antennas.
- piezoelectric transducer represents a major difficulty for its power supply. Indeed, some transducers "consume” reactive power which may be more than five times their maximum active power (i.e. what is actually transmitted in water). It is therefore essential to limit the level of reactive power supplied for the supply of one or more piezoelectric transducer (s) in order to avoid oversizing the power stages placed upstream. However, to maximize the power emitted by the transducer, it makes sense to energize it electrically at its mechanical resonant frequency.
- a step-up transformer can also be provided to adapt the voltage level of the source to that of the piezoelectric transducer.
- the magnetizing inductance of the latter can also serve as a chord inductor.
- the magnetic circuits of the tuning coils of the prior art are most often standard circuits, such as toroids made of ferromagnetic material of the iron alloy powder type embedded in a matrix. organic, MPP, Sendust etc. or ferrite circuits with an air gap. These magnetic circuits are heavy and bulky, therefore unsuitable for integrating several tuning coils on the same electronic card.
- the inductance L corresponding substantially to the slope of the curve shown in FIG. 1, varies with the field H and therefore the current I. This characteristic is unfavorable to the agreement of the inductance with the capacity of the piezoelectric transducer at a predetermined frequency with a wide dynamic range of emitted power.
- An object of the invention is to limit at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the invention relates to a tuning device having a tuning inductor intended to be tuned with a capacity of an assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer at a frequency of use of l assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer, the tuning device comprising a toric magnetic core comprising a magnetic part based on a nanocrystalline ferromagnetic material, a set of at least one air gap in non-magnetic material and at least one winding 'a conductive element produced around the toric magnetic core.
- the toroidal magnetic core may comprise a single air gap or several air gaps.
- each air gap is dimensioned so that the coefficient of lateral development of the magnetic field lines of each air gap is less than or equal to 2.
- the tuning device is a differential mode coil.
- the tuning device is an adaptation transformer for tuning an input voltage of the transformer with an input voltage of the piezoelectric transducer, the tuning inductor being l magnetizing inductance of the transformer.
- the tuning inductor is substantially fixed over an induction range extending from 0 T to 1 T.
- the frequency of use is between 4000 Hz and 7000 Hz.
- the invention also relates to a piezoelectric device comprising the tuning device according to the invention and the assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer, the tuning inductor being tuned with a capacity of the assembly at least one piezoelectric transducer at a frequency of use of the assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer.
- the frequency of use is included in a frequency interval comprising the resonant frequency of the assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer.
- the frequency of use is substantially the mechanical resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducer.
- the tuning device can be a differential mode coil mounted in parallel or in series with the assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer.
- the tuning device is an adaptation transformer making it possible to adapt an input voltage of the transformer with an input voltage of the assembly of at least one piezoelectric transducer, the tuning inductor being the magnetizing inductance of the transformer.
- the piezoelectric device comprises a power stage intended to excite at least one piezoelectric transducer via the tuning device.
- the power stage and the tuning device are mounted on the same electronic card.
- the invention also relates to a sonar antenna comprising a piezoelectric device according to the invention.
- the piezoelectric transducer is an electroacoustic transducer.
- FIG. 1 already described schematically represents a hysteresis curve of a ferromagnetic material of the prior art
- FIG.2 Figure 2 schematically shows an example of a piezoelectric device according to the invention comprising a tuning device according to the invention
- FIG. 3 schematically represents a magnetic core of a tuning device according to the invention
- FIG. 4 already described schematically represents a hysteresis curve of a nanocrystalline ferromagnetic material
- FIG. 5 schematically represents a magnetic core of a tuning device according to the invention
- FIG.6 Figure 6 schematically shows a second example of a tuning device according to the invention.
- FIG 2 there is shown a piezoelectric device 1 according to the invention comprising an example of tuning device 2 according to the invention.
- the piezoelectric device 1 comprises a piezoelectric transducer 3, a power stage 10 intended to form an excitation signal intended to excite the piezoelectric transducer, and a tuning coil 2 mounted in parallel with the piezoelectric transducer 3
- the power stage 10 can, for example, comprise an amplifier as in FIG. 2 and / or a power converter, for example an inverter.
- the piezoelectric device comprises several piezoelectric transducers.
- the tuning frequency is the mechanical resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducer.
- the tuning coil 2 comprises, as visible in Figure 3, a toric magnetic core 4 comprising a magnetic part 5 based on a nanocrystalline ferromagnetic material and at least one winding 6 of an element conductor formed around the toroidal magnetic core 4.
- Figure 4 shows, with the same scale as Figure 1, the magnetic hysteresis of the induction B as a function of the magnetic field H applied to a nanocrystalline material and therefore of the current I passing through.
- the induction corresponding substantially to the slope of one of the branches B1, B2 of the hysteresis shown in Figure 4, is fixed and independent of the H field and therefore of the current between the two saturations represented SAT1, SAT2.
- This characteristic is favorable to the agreement of the inductance of the coil with the capacity of the transducer at a predetermined frequency because the inductance is constant, that is to say fixed, over this area of the curve.
- the slope between the saturations is fixed, the saturation occurs suddenly and in a predictable and reproducible manner, which makes it possible to calculate it easily.
- nanocrystalline material makes it possible to obtain tuning circuits of size and reduced mass (there is a factor 2 in volume and in mass compared to toroids in iron alloy powder MPP, Sendust etc.) due to the high level that induction can reach.
- the saturation of the nanocrystalline material occurs above 1, 2T without the inductance value having varied appreciably, while in this type of applications, the materials used in the prior art must be used in their linear area, ie most often below 0.5T.
- Another favorable characteristic of nanocrystalline materials is their low level of iron losses.
- the nanocrystalline ferromagnetic material can be an iron alloy. It is for example an alloy of FeCuMSiB type composition where M is a transition metal, for example Nb.
- a widely used composition is of the type: Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x and contain 13.5% or 16.5% of silicon.
- Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x A widely used composition is of the type: Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x and contain 13.5% or 16.5% of silicon.
- Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x A widely used composition is of the type: Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x and contain 13.5% or 16.5% of silicon.
- Fe73.5Cu1 Nb3SixB22.5-x In this family, iron-silicon crystals are embedded in an amorphous residual matrix. The crystals have dimensions of the order of a nanometer.
- Other materials of FeMB type can be used. They generally contain more than 80% iron,
- the ferromagnetic nanocrystalline materials have a relative magnetic permeability which can be in a wide range of values ranging from 200 to 500,000 depending on the material chosen and the treatment undergone by this material. Heat treatments can, for example, reduce the magnetic permeability of a material.
- the tuning coils are intended to store energy, and in the majority of cases the ferromagnetic core should not exceed a relative permeability of 100. Those skilled in the art are therefore diverted from the use of nanocrystalline materials to make tuning coils.
- the toric magnetic core 4 comprises a set of at least one air gap 7 made of non-magnetic material.
- air gap is meant here localized air gap. This characteristic makes it possible to reduce the total permeability of the magnetic core, which allows energy storage and the use of the coil to achieve tuning despite the significant value of the relative permeability of ferromagnetic nanocrystalline materials.
- the toroidal magnetic core 4 is obtained by spiraling a strip of nanocrystalline material which makes it possible to obtain a torus in the form of a spiral of a strip of nanocrystalline material.
- the air gap 7 is then obtained by cutting the torus so as to form a free volume 8, visible in FIG. 5.
- the remainder of the torus forms the magnetic part 5 of the magnetic core 4.
- the section of the torus is, for example , produced by a diamond disc or a diamond wheel.
- the cutting of the torus is carried out after impregnation and / or coating in an organic resin.
- a tool ensures the mechanical maintenance of the spiral during cutting in order to prevent the latter from bursting.
- a shim 9 made of non-magnetic material is inserted into the free volume 8 so as to obtain the air gap and to avoid any deformation of the torus and the air gap because it is the precision of the dimensions of this air gap and in particular of its thickness which predominantly determines the value of the inductance.
- the thickness of the shim 9 is calibrated and corresponds to the thickness e of the air gap that it is desired to obtain.
- the free volume 8 may have a thickness slightly less than the thickness e that one wishes to obtain.
- the shim 9 can be inserted by slightly deforming the free volume 8 during its assembly.
- the wedge 9 can completely fill the free volume 8.
- the wedge 9 only partially fills the free volume 8
- a non-magnetic filling material is then advantageously inserted into the rest of the free volume so that the magnetic core has a substantially fixed section which prevents the winding from coming into this volume.
- a non-magnetic glue is injected into the free volume and is shaped by a mold configured so that the glue completely fills the free volume and so that the magnetic core 4 has a constant section.
- the toric magnetic core may include several air gaps.
- the method then comprises several cutting steps, simultaneous or not, so as to produce several free volumes intended to form the localized air gaps.
- the magnetic part of the magnetic core then comprises several sections separated in pairs by a localized air gap.
- the presence of several air gaps improves the energy storage capacity of the tuning coil by reducing the magnetic permeability of the magnetic core compared to a single localized air gap of the same volume. This is of considerable interest for the use of ferromagnetic nanocrystalline materials with high magnetic permeability, more standardized. Furthermore, the production of several air gaps of small volume (small thickness or angular sector of reduced size) is more advantageous from the point of view of energy storage than the production of a single air gap of volume corresponding to the sum of the volumes of the air gaps, that is to say whose angular sector (or thickness) is the sum of the angular sectors (or thicknesses) of the plurality of air gaps.
- each air gap is defined so that the coefficient of lateral development of the magnetic field lines (called “fringing factor" in English terminology) of each air gap is less than 2.
- the air gaps may have the same dimensions or the air gaps may have different dimensions.
- the magnetic core 4 comprises a single air gap when the nanocrystalline material has low magnetic permeability and several air gaps when the nanocrystalline material has a higher magnetic permeability.
- the fact of providing several air gaps makes it possible to use nanocrystalline toroids of high permeability which can remain inexpensive to form the magnetic core by making the air gaps therein.
- the invention has been described in the context of a coil type tuning device.
- the coil can be mounted in parallel with the piezoelectric transducer, as in Figure 2, or in series with the latter.
- the capacity C is the equivalent capacity of the transducer in the Rp-Cp type model in which the transducer is modeled by a resistor in parallel with a capacitor.
- the equivalent capacity C is the equivalent capacity of the transducer in the Rs-Cs type model in which the transducer is modeled by a resistor in series with a capacitor.
- the equivalent capacity is the capacity of the set of transducers in one of the models.
- the tuning device is of the adaptation transformer type 20 configured to adapt the input voltage U1 of the power stage 10, the voltage U2 of the piezoelectric transducer, the tuning inductance L being the magnetizing inductance Lm of the matching transformer.
- the transformer 20 can be modeled by a perfect transformer 21 and a tuning coil 22 mounted in parallel with the piezoelectric transducer 3, as shown in FIG. 6.
- the tuning device or transformer 20 then has a double tuning function and adaptation.
- the transformer can be an autotransformer or include at least two windings made around the magnetic core 4 so as to form the primary and secondary of the transformer.
- the transformation ratio m of the transformer is defined to allow adaptation between U1 and U2.
- the power stage is advantageously a current generator and in the case where the tuning coil is mounted in parallel, the power stage is a voltage generator, just as in the case where the tuning device is a tuning and adaptation transformer.
- the tuning device is configured so that the tuning inductor L is substantially fixed over an induction range extending from 0 Tesla (T) to a maximum value greater than or equal to 1 Tesla (T), that is to say when it is subjected to an induction included in this range.
- T 0 Tesla
- T 1 Tesla
- the tuning inductor L must be substantially fixed on an undulation of the excitation current of the piezoelectric transducer. This avoids distortions of the signal generated by the piezoelectric transducer as a function of the value of the current and therefore makes it possible to control this signal which is essential for carrying out sonar measurements.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1873486A FR3091031B1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | Dispositif d'accord |
| PCT/EP2019/086570 WO2020127903A1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Dispositif d'accord |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3900062A1 true EP3900062A1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=66867255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19829585.9A Pending EP3900062A1 (fr) | 2018-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Dispositif d'accord |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3900062A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3091031B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020127903A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5342745B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-02 | 2013-11-13 | バクームシュメルツェ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニ コマンディートゲゼルシャフト | 鉄心とその製造および使用方法 |
| JP5212028B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-10 | 2013-06-19 | 日本電気株式会社 | 送波器とその駆動方法 |
| JP2014003731A (ja) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Canon Inc | 振動型アクチュエータの駆動装置及びこれを用いた医用システム |
-
2018
- 2018-12-20 FR FR1873486A patent/FR3091031B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-20 EP EP19829585.9A patent/EP3900062A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-12-20 WO PCT/EP2019/086570 patent/WO2020127903A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020127903A1 (fr) | 2020-06-25 |
| FR3091031A1 (fr) | 2020-06-26 |
| FR3091031B1 (fr) | 2020-12-18 |
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