EP3892678A1 - Pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubbers - Google Patents
Pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubbers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3892678A1 EP3892678A1 EP20169117.7A EP20169117A EP3892678A1 EP 3892678 A1 EP3892678 A1 EP 3892678A1 EP 20169117 A EP20169117 A EP 20169117A EP 3892678 A1 EP3892678 A1 EP 3892678A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- sensitive adhesive
- acrylonitrile
- adhesive
- rubber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTJGVAJYTOXFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminonaphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=CC(N)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C21 MTJGVAJYTOXFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012421 spiking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWDQYHPOSSHSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanatooctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN=C=O QWDQYHPOSSHSAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPDXBPLOZLLWMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-sulfoicosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(S(O)(=O)=O)(C(O)=O)CC(N)=O WPDXBPLOZLLWMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHBMSKSWXOLFJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecyl-2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(S(O)(=O)=O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O FHBMSKSWXOLFJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical class OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001456088 Hesperocnide Species 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006272 aromatic hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001690 polydopamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010020 roller printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J109/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C09J109/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
- C09J7/381—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA] based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09J7/383—Natural or synthetic rubber
Definitions
- the invention lies in the technical field of pressure-sensitive adhesives as they are used for temporary or permanent bonding of a broad variety of substrates. More specifically, the invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and also to the use thereof.
- PSAs Pressure-sensitive adhesives
- a variety of compounds are suitable as a basis for PSAs.
- Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes consist customarily of a carrier film which is furnished on one or both sides with a PSA.
- pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes which consist exclusively of a layer of PSA and thus do not comprise a carrier film, these being referred to as transfer tapes.
- the composition of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes may differ greatly and is guided by the particular requirements of the various applications.
- the carriers consist customarily of polymeric films such as, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester, or else of paper, fabric or nonwoven.
- the self-adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions consist customarily of acrylate copolymers, silicones, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, styrene block copolymers or polyurethanes.
- Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers short code NBR, derived from nitrile butadiene rubber, denotes a synthetic rubber which is obtained by copolymerization of a acrylonitrile and buta-1,3-diene in proportions by mass of approximately 52:48 to 10:90. It is produced almost exclusively in aqueous emulsion.
- the resultant emulsions are used as they are (NBR latex) or processed to be solid rubber.
- the properties of the nitrile rubber are dependent on the ratio of the initial monomers and on its molar mass.
- the vulcanizates obtainable from nitrile rubber possess high resistance toward fuels, oils, fats, and hydrocarbons, and are distinguished relative to their natural-rubber counterparts by more favorable aging behavior, lower abrasion and reduced gas permeability. Its weathering resistance, on the other hand, is rather deficient.
- Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers are available in a wide spectrum. As well as the acrylonitrile content, the various types are distinguished in particular via the viscosity of the rubber. This is usually stated by the Mooney viscosity. This viscosity in turn is determined on the one hand by the number of chain branches in the polymer and on the other hand by the molecular weight. With regard to the polymerization, a distinction is made in principle between what are called cold polymerization and hot polymerization. Cold polymerization takes place customarily at temperatures of 5 to 15°C and, in contrast to hot polymerization, which is carried out customarily at 30 to 40°C, leads to a lower number of chain branches. NBR rubbers are available from a host of manufacturers such as, for example, Nitriflex, Zeon, LG Chemicals, and Lanxess.
- Carboxylated NBR grades come about through terpolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene with small fractions of (meth)acrylic acid in emulsion. They are notable for high strength.
- the selective hydrogenation of the C,C double bond in NBR leads to hydrogenated nitrile rubbers (H-NBR) with improved stability to temperature increase (up to 150°C in hot air or ozone) or to swelling agents (for example, sulfur-containing crude oils, brake fluids and/or hydraulic fluids).
- Vulcanization is accomplished with customary sulfur crosslinkers, peroxides, or by means of high-energy radiation.
- NBR rubbers As well as carboxylated or hydrogenated NBR rubbers there are also liquid NBR rubbers. These rubbers are limited in their molecular weight during the polymerization by the addition of chain transfer agents, and are obtained accordingly as liquid rubbers.
- PSAs can be modified by the admixing of tackifier resins, plasticizers, crosslinkers or fillers etc.
- the PSAs may comprise what are called plasticizers.
- plasticizing agents are, for example, low molecular mass polyacrylates, plasticizing resins, phosphates or polyphosphates, paraffinic and naphthenic oils, oligomers such as oligobutadienes and oligoisoprenes, liquid terpene resins, vegetable and animal oils and fats.
- Plasticizing resins may have the same chemical basis as some tackifier resins, but usually differ from these in their softening point, which is ⁇ 40°C.
- Electronic devices of interest in the technical field of the invention are e.g. smartphones (cell phones), tablets, notebook computers, cameras, video-cameras, keyboards, touchpads, and the like.
- Electronic, optical and precision-mechanical devices for the purposes of this specification are, in particular, devices as classified in Class 9 of the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Registration of Marks (Nice Classification), 10th edition (NCL(10-2013 )), to the extent that they are electronic, optical or precision-mechanical devices, and also clocks and chronometers according to Class 14 (NCL(10-2013)), such as, in particular
- EP 1 426 407 A1 discloses an adhesive polymer composite comprising at least one, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4@100°C) below 30, optionally at least one filler and optionally at least one crosslinking agent.
- WO 2017/025492 A1 relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive material which contains as a base polymer at least one solid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and adhesive resins, wherein the proportion of adhesive resin s is in the range from 30 to 130 phr and the acrylonitrile content in the solid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber is between 10 and 30 wt%.
- US 2003/0134112 A1 describes a tape comprising a highly extensible, substantially non-recoverable backing bearing on at least one major surface thereof a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the tape is capable of being removed therefrom after only being stretched at an angle no greater than about 35 ° from the surface of the substrate.
- WO 2014/067667 A1 discloses a thermally debondable tape having a base adhesive layer and at least one thermally releasable adhesive layer comprising an adhesive and thermally expandable particles.
- the base adhesive layer has an adhesion of less than 2 N/20 mm at expansion temperature of the thermally expandable particles and an adhesiobn of more than 10 N/20 mm at 20 °C.
- WO 97/46631 A1 discloses a temperature-responsive adhesive article comprising
- WO 2014/066195 A1 describes a pressure sensitive adhesive composition adapted for selective debonding, the pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising:
- the invention accordingly provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive which comprises
- Such pressure-sensitive adhesives have proven to exhibit good shock-resistance as well as significantly improved removability from the substrate upon treatment with ethanol.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention may comprise one (single) or more acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber(s).
- acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers is meant to comprise also the case where only one (single) acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is present in the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the term “the entirety of all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers” comprises the case where only one (single) acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is present in the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the acrylonitrile content in the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is at least 10 wt%. More preferably, the acrylonitrile content in the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is from 12 to 25 wt%, more preferably from 15 to 22 wt%. If the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises a plurality of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, this preferably applies to all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers may be admixed with inert release assistants, preferably selected from talc, silicates (talc, clay, mica), zinc stearate, and PVC powders, more particularly in an order of magnitude of 3 phr, based on the entirety of all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- inert release assistants preferably selected from talc, silicates (talc, clay, mica), zinc stearate, and PVC powders, more particularly in an order of magnitude of 3 phr, based on the entirety of all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is a solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
- all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive are solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers.
- the at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is a solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and the pressure-sensitive adhesive further comprises at least one liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, the acrylonitrile content in the liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber being at least 10 and less than 30 wt%.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention may comprise one (single) or more such liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber(s).
- the fraction of the entirety of all liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers is preferably up to 20 wt%, more preferably between 1 and 15 wt%, more preferably between 2 and 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- Liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers are distinguished from solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers in that they have a softening point of ⁇ 40 °C.
- the polymer basis of the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) according to the invention preferably consists of solid, or solid and liquid, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers. More preferably, there is no other polymer in the PSA apart from acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers to a total extent of 30 to 75 wt%, more preferably 40 to 65 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the PSA consists of solid and liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, one or more tackifier resins, at least one aging inhibitor, and optionally at least one release assistant.
- the PSA may furthermore comprise at least one plasticizer, at least one filler and/or at least one dye.
- tackifier resin is understood by the skilled person to refer to a resin-based substance which increases the tack of a PSA compared to the same composition of the PSA not including the tackifier resin.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises at least one rosin resin as tackifier resin.
- Rosin resins are also known as "colophony resins".
- the term "rosin resins" encompasses both natural and modified rosin.
- the rosin resins include, for example, natural rosin; dimerized rosin; partially hydrogenated rosin; fully hydrogenated rosin; esterified products of these kinds of rosin such as glycerol esters, pentaerythritol esters, ethylene glycol esters, and methyl esters; and rosin derivatives such as disproportionation rosin, fumaric acid-modified rosin, and lime-modified rosin.
- the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention has an acid number of 6 to 150.
- the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention has an acid number of at least 9.
- the acid number also referred to as acid value (or neutralization number or acidity) is the mass of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in milligrams that is required to neutralize one gram of a chemical substance.
- the acid number is a measure of the number of carboxylic acid groups in a chemical compound or in a mixture of compounds.
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- the acid number is used to quantify the acidity of a substance. It is the quantity of base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 g of a sample.
- AN is the acid number
- V eq is the volume of titrant (ml) consumed by the sample and 1 ml of spiking solution at the equivalent point
- b eq is the volume of titrant (ml) consumed by 1 ml of spiking solution at the equivalent point
- N is the molar concentration of titrant
- 56.1 g/mol is the molecular weight of KOH.
- W samo is the mass of the sample in grams.
- OH- and COOH-group containing resins are the preferred tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Therefore, preferably, at least 50 wt%, more preferably, at least 70 wt%, particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are OH- and COOH-group containing tackifier resins.
- all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are OH- and COOH-group containing tackifier resins.
- Preferred OH-group containing tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive are terpene-phenolic resins.
- At least 50 wt%; more preferably, at least 70 wt%; and particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins or a mixture of rosin resins and terpene-phenolic resins.
- all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins or a mixture of rosin resins and terpene-phenolic resins.
- At least 50 wt%; more preferably, at least 70 wt%; and particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins.
- all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention comprises tackifier resins in a total amount of 35 to 65 wt%, more preferably of 40 to 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention is free of any hydrocarbon resins. It has been observed that this causes an advantageous effect on the removability of the adhesive.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises at least one primary antioxidant, more preferably, at least one sterically hindered phenol; and/or at least one secondary antioxidant, more preferably at least one secondary antioxidant selected from phosphites, thioethers and C-radical scavengers.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises at least one light stabilizer, especially at least one UV absorber and/or sterically hindered amine.
- fillers and dyes are e.g. fillers and dyes.
- the fillers may be reinforcing or non-reinforcing fillers.
- fillers are selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxides, in particular spherical, acicular and irregular silicas; phyllosilicates; calcium carbonates; zinc oxides; titanium dioxides; aluminum oxides; and aluminum oxide hydroxides.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention is free of any plasticizers and oils. It has been observed that this causes an advantageous impact on the shock resistance of the adhesive.
- the maximum fraction of the entirety of all additives i.e. all substances other than acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers and tackifier resins, preferably is 15 wt%, more preferably 5 wt%, and particularly preferably 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive In order to enhance the cohesive properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, it may also be crosslinked, in particular through the addition of peroxides or by high-energy radiation. This may have positive effects on properties, such as shear resistance.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention preferably is crosslinked.
- the PSA is preferably utilized for the furnishing of carriers, to give adhesive tapes.
- a further subject matter of the present invention is an adhesive tape comprising a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention.
- Adhesive tapes in the sense of the invention are to comprehend all sheetlike or tapelike carrier formations coated on one or both sides with adhesive, hence including, in addition to conventional tapes, also decals, sections, diecuts (punched sheetlike carrier formations coated with adhesive), two-dimensionally extended structures (for example, sheets) and the like, and multilayer arrangements.
- adhesive tape also encompasses, furthermore, what are called “adhesive transfer tapes", in other words an adhesive tape consisting of a pressure-sensitive adhesive mass only.
- adhesive transfer tape the adhesive may be applied between flexible liners prior to application, these liners being provided with a release layer and/or having antiadhesive properties.
- first liner is removed, the adhesive is applied, and then the second liner is removed.
- the adhesive tape may be provided in fixed lengths, such as in the form of meter-length product, for example, or else as continuous product on rolls (Archimedean spiral) or even cross-wound spools.
- the coat weight (coating thickness) of one layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention in an adhesive tape is preferably between 10 and 150 g/m 2 , more preferably between 15 and 120 g/m 2 .
- the coat weight particularly preferably is 30 - 100 g/m 2 ; for adhesive tapes further comprising at least a carrier layer it is particularly preferably 50 to 80 g/m 2 .
- the adhesive tape further comprises a carrier layer.
- Carrier materials preferably, are selected from the group consisting of paper; woven fabric; nonwoven; and films made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, oriented polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid, cellulose, modified starch and polyhydroxyalkanoate.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Woven fabric can be made of renewable sources, preferably of cotton, hemp, jute or stinging-nettle fibers.
- the carrier material is made of PET or polyurethane.
- the carrier material may be furnished on one or both sides with the PSA. It is possible, furthermore, for the carrier layer to be provided with one or more coatings. Moreover, only one side of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape may be furnished with the inventive PSA, and a different PSA may be used on the other side.
- the adhesive tape is formed by application of the adhesive, partially or over the whole area, to the carrier. Coating may also take place in the form of one or more strips in lengthwise direction (machine direction), optionally in transverse direction (cross direction), but more particularly coating is over the full area.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be applied in patterned dot format by means of screen printing, in which case the dots of adhesive may also differ in size and/or distribution, or by gravure printing of lines which join up in the lengthwise and transverse directions, by engraved-roller printing, or by flexographic printing.
- the adhesive may be in the form of domes (produced by screen printing) or else in another pattern such as lattices, stripes, zig-zag lines.
- the PSA may also have be applied by spraying, producing a more or less irregular pattern.
- the adhesive tape further comprises an adhesion promoter, also referred to as primer layer, between the carrier layer and the layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- primer layer may improve the interlayer bonding strength between the adhesive and the carrier.
- the primers preferably is a dispersion or solvent system based on isoprene- or butadiene-containing rubber, acrylate rubber, polyvinyl, polyvinylidene and/or cyclo rubber. It may further comprise isocyanates or epoxy resins which may improve the adhesion and in some cases also increase the shear strength of the PSA.
- the adhesion promoter may likewise be applied as a coextrusion layer on one side of the carrier layer.
- a surface of the carrier layer being in contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive has been subject to a physical pretreatment before bringing it into contact with the PSA.
- Suitable physical surface treatments include flame treatment and corona or plasma treatment.
- the carrier layer surface opposite the surface being in contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive may have been subject to an antiadhesive physical treatment or coating, and more particularly may be furnished with a release layer.
- Suitable release layers may be based on compounds having linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups having a C number of at least 10, e.g. stearyl compounds like polyvinylstearylcarbamate; stearyl compounds of transition metals such as Cr or Zr, ureas formed from polyethylenimine and stearyl isocyanate, stearylsulfosuccinates and stearylsulfosuccinamates; chromium complexes of C 14 to C 28 fatty acids; acrylic polymers with perfluorinated alkyl groups; and silicones like poly(dimethylsiloxanes) or fluorosilicone compounds.
- stearyl compounds like polyvinylstearylcarbamate
- transition metals such as Cr or Zr
- ureas formed from polyethylenimine and stearyl isocyanate stearylsulfosuccinates and stearylsulfosuccinamates
- the adhesive tape may likewise have been laminated with a release liner which customarily comprises a base material of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester or paper which has been coated with a silicone system on one or both sides.
- the adhesive tape of the invention may be produced by any method known to the skilled person. Accordingly, the PSA, including the additives, in solution in a suitable solvent, may be coated onto a carrier or release film by means of engraved-roller application, comma bar coating, multiroll coating, or in a printing process, after which the solvent may be removed in a drying tunnel or drying oven.
- the carrier material or release film may also be coated in a solvent-free process.
- the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber may be heated in an extruder and melted. Further operating steps may take place in the extruder, such as mixing with the additives described above, filtration or degassing. The melt may then be coated by means of a calander onto the carrier layer or release film.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the invention preferably has a peel adhesion on a steel substrate of at least 4.0 N/cm, more preferably of at least 6.0 N/cm at a coat weight of 50 g/m 2 .
- the measurements are carried out under test conditions of 23 ⁇ 1°C and 50 ⁇ 5% relative humidity.
- a square sample with a frame shape was cut from the adhesive tape under investigation (external dimensions 33 mm x 33 mm; border width 2.0 mm; internal dimensions (window cutout) 29 mm x 29 mm).
- This sample was adhered to a polycarbonate (PC) frame (external dimensions 45 mm x 45 mm; border width 10 mm; internal dimensions (window cutout) 25 mm x 25 mm; thickness 3 mm).
- PC polycarbonate
- a PC window measuring 35 mm x 35 mm was adhered.
- the bonding of PC frame, adhesive tape frame and PC window took place in such a way that the geometric centers and the diagonals lay in each case one above another (corner to corner).
- the bond area was 248 mm 2 .
- the bond was pressed under 10 bar for 5 s and stored for 24 hours with conditioning at 23 °C/50 % relative humidity.
- the bonded assembly of PC frame, adhesive tape and PC window with the protruding edges of the PC frame was clamped into a sample holder in such a way that the assembly was oriented horizontally and the PC window was beneath the frame.
- the sample holder was subsequently inserted centrally into the intended receptacle of the DuPont impact tester.
- the impact head weighing 150 g, was inserted such that the circular impact geometry with a diameter of 24 mm impacted centrally and flush on the window side of the PC window.
- the push-out test provides information on the extent to which the bond of a component in a frame-shaped body, such as of a window or display in a housing, is resistant.
- a rectangular, frame-shaped sample was cut out of the adhesive tape under investigation (outside dimensions 33 mm x 33 mm; border width 2.0 mm in each case; inside dimensions (window opening) 29 mm x 29 mm, bond area 248 mm 2 on each of the top and bottom sides).
- Adhered on the other side of the double-sided adhesive tape sample was a rectangular PC sheet with dimensions of 35 mm x 35 mm.
- the full bond area of the adhesive tape available was utilized.
- the PC frame, adhesive tape sample and PC window were bonded such that the geometric centers, the bisecting lines of the acute diagonal angles and the bisecting lines of the obtuse diagonal angles of the rectangles each lay on top of one another (corner on corner, long sides on long sides, short sides on short sides).
- the bond area was 248 mm 2 .
- the bond was pressed at 248 N for 5 s and stored for 24 hours with conditioning at 23°C/50% relative humidity.
- the adhesive assembly composed of PC frame, adhesive tape and PC sheet was placed with the protruding edges of the PC frame onto a frame structure (sample holder) in such a way that the assembly was oriented horizontally and the PC sheet pointed downward, hanging freely.
- a plunger is then moved through the window of the PC frame, perpendicularly from above, at a constant speed of 10 mm/s, so that it presses centrally onto the PC plate, and a record is made of the respective force (determined from respective pressure and contact area between plunger and plate) as a function of the time from the first contact of the plunger with the PC plate until shortly after the plate has fallen (measuring conditions 23°C, 50% relative humidity).
- the force acting immediately prior to the failure of the adhesive bond between PC plate and PC frame (maximum force F max in the force-time diagram in N) is recorded as the answer of the push-out test.
- the specimens manufactured for the push-out strength test as described hereinbefore were stored at 65°C and 90% relative humidity in a 75:25 (vol%) mixture of ethanol and water.
- a closeable vessel was used in order to prevent loss of ethanol by evaporation.
- the specimens are first rinsed off with distilled water and then stored for 24 hours at 23°C and 50% relative humidity. Only then the push-out strength test as described above was repeated.
- the drop of the maximum force F max in % is given as the result; a high drop (at least 35 %) indicates good removability of the tape.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) set out in the examples were homogenized as solvent-based compositions in a kneading apparatus with a double-sigma kneading hook.
- the solvent used was butanone (methyl ethyl ketone, 2-butanone).
- the kneading apparatus was cooled by means of water cooling.
- the solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber was pre-swollen with the same amount of butanone at 23°C for 12 hours. This preliminary batch was then kneaded for 2 hours. Subsequently, again, the amount of butanone selected above and, optionally, the liquid NBR rubber were added in two steps with kneading in each case for 10 minutes. Thereafter the tackifier resin was added as a solution in butanone with a solids content of 50%, and homogeneous kneading was continued for 20 minutes more. The final solids content is adjusted to 30 wt% by addition of butanone.
- the PSA was coated onto a PET film which was 23 ⁇ m thick and etched with trichloroacetic acid by means of a coating knife on a commercial laboratory coating bench (Sondermaschinen Oschersleben GmbH).
- the butanone was evaporated in a forced air drying cabinet at 105°C for 10 minutes.
- the slot width during coating was adjusted so as to achieve a coat weight of 50 g/m 2 following evaporation of the solvent.
- the films freed from the solvent were subsequently lined with siliconized PET film and stored pending further testing at 23°C and 50% relative humidity.
- Table 1 Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers used Name ACN content Mooney viscosity ML 1+4, 100°C [wt%] [MU] Nipol® 401 18.5 73 to 83 Nipol® 401 LL 18.5 32 to 44 Nipol® DN 2850 28.0 45 to 55
- Table 2 Tackifier resins used Name Chemical basis Manufacturer Softening point OH/acid no. Dertophene® T 110 Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 112 °C OH no. 50 Dertophene® T Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 95 °C OH no. 35 Dertophene® H150 Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 118 °C OH no.
Abstract
Description
- The invention lies in the technical field of pressure-sensitive adhesives as they are used for temporary or permanent bonding of a broad variety of substrates. More specifically, the invention relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and also to the use thereof.
- Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have been known for some considerable time. PSAs are adhesives which allow durable bonding to the substrate even under relatively weak applied pressure. A variety of compounds are suitable as a basis for PSAs.
- Adhesive tapes equipped with PSAs, referred to as pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, are nowadays put to diverse uses in the industrial and household spheres. Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes consist customarily of a carrier film which is furnished on one or both sides with a PSA. There are also pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes which consist exclusively of a layer of PSA and thus do not comprise a carrier film, these being referred to as transfer tapes. The composition of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes may differ greatly and is guided by the particular requirements of the various applications. The carriers consist customarily of polymeric films such as, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene or polyester, or else of paper, fabric or nonwoven.
- The self-adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions consist customarily of acrylate copolymers, silicones, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, styrene block copolymers or polyurethanes.
- Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, short code NBR, derived from nitrile butadiene rubber, denotes a synthetic rubber which is obtained by copolymerization of a acrylonitrile and buta-1,3-diene in proportions by mass of approximately 52:48 to 10:90. It is produced almost exclusively in aqueous emulsion. The resultant emulsions are used as they are (NBR latex) or processed to be solid rubber. The properties of the nitrile rubber are dependent on the ratio of the initial monomers and on its molar mass. The vulcanizates obtainable from nitrile rubber possess high resistance toward fuels, oils, fats, and hydrocarbons, and are distinguished relative to their natural-rubber counterparts by more favorable aging behavior, lower abrasion and reduced gas permeability. Its weathering resistance, on the other hand, is rather deficient.
- Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers are available in a wide spectrum. As well as the acrylonitrile content, the various types are distinguished in particular via the viscosity of the rubber. This is usually stated by the Mooney viscosity. This viscosity in turn is determined on the one hand by the number of chain branches in the polymer and on the other hand by the molecular weight. With regard to the polymerization, a distinction is made in principle between what are called cold polymerization and hot polymerization. Cold polymerization takes place customarily at temperatures of 5 to 15°C and, in contrast to hot polymerization, which is carried out customarily at 30 to 40°C, leads to a lower number of chain branches. NBR rubbers are available from a host of manufacturers such as, for example, Nitriflex, Zeon, LG Chemicals, and Lanxess.
- Carboxylated NBR grades come about through terpolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene with small fractions of (meth)acrylic acid in emulsion. They are notable for high strength. The selective hydrogenation of the C,C double bond in NBR leads to hydrogenated nitrile rubbers (H-NBR) with improved stability to temperature increase (up to 150°C in hot air or ozone) or to swelling agents (for example, sulfur-containing crude oils, brake fluids and/or hydraulic fluids). Vulcanization is accomplished with customary sulfur crosslinkers, peroxides, or by means of high-energy radiation.
- As well as carboxylated or hydrogenated NBR rubbers there are also liquid NBR rubbers. These rubbers are limited in their molecular weight during the polymerization by the addition of chain transfer agents, and are obtained accordingly as liquid rubbers.
- In order to adjust application-relevant properties, PSAs can be modified by the admixing of tackifier resins, plasticizers, crosslinkers or fillers etc.
- Amongst others, the PSAs may comprise what are called plasticizers. Well-known plasticizing agents are, for example, low molecular mass polyacrylates, plasticizing resins, phosphates or polyphosphates, paraffinic and naphthenic oils, oligomers such as oligobutadienes and oligoisoprenes, liquid terpene resins, vegetable and animal oils and fats. Plasticizing resins may have the same chemical basis as some tackifier resins, but usually differ from these in their softening point, which is < 40°C.
- The fields of application of electronic devices are increasing in line with their propagation. This is also giving rise to growing requirements related to the properties and also to the manufacturing of such products. Electronic devices of interest in the technical field of the invention are e.g. smartphones (cell phones), tablets, notebook computers, cameras, video-cameras, keyboards, touchpads, and the like.
- Electronic, optical and precision-mechanical devices for the purposes of this specification are, in particular, devices as classified in Class 9 of the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Registration of Marks (Nice Classification), 10th edition (NCL(10-2013)), to the extent that they are electronic, optical or precision-mechanical devices, and also clocks and chronometers according to Class 14 (NCL(10-2013)), such as, in particular
- scientific, marine, measurement, photographic, film, optical, weighing, measuring, signaling, monitoring, rescuing, and instruction apparatus and instruments;
- apparatus and instruments for conducting, switching, transforming, storing, regulating, and monitoring electricity;
- image recording, processing, transmission, and reproduction devices, such as televisions and the like, for example
- acoustic recording, processing, transmission, and reproduction devices, such as broadcasting devices and the like, for example
- computers, calculating instruments and data-processing devices, mathematical devices and instruments, computer accessories, office instruments - for example, printers, faxes, copiers, word processors -, data storage devices
- telecommunications devices and multifunctional devices with a telecommunications function, such as telephones and answering machines, for example
- chemical and physical measuring devices, control devices, and instruments, such as battery chargers, multimeters, lamps, and tachometers
- nautical devices and instruments
- optical devices and instruments
- medical devices and instruments and those for sports people
- clocks and chronometers
- solar cell modules, such as electrochemical dye solar cells, organic
- solar cells, thin-film cells,
- fire-extinguishing equipment.
- Technical development is going increasingly in the direction of devices which are ever smaller and lighter in design, allowing them to be carried at all times by their owner, and usually being generally carried. This is typically accomplished by realization of low weights and/or suitable size of such devices. Such devices are also referred to as mobile devices or portable devices for the purposes of this specification. In this development trend, precision-mechanical and optical devices are increasingly being provided (also) with electronic components, thereby raising the possibilities for minimization. On account of the carrying of the mobile devices, they are subject to increased loads - especially mechanical and chemical loads - for instance by impact on edges, by being dropped, by contact with other hard objects in a bag, or else simply by the permanent motion involved in being carried per se. Mobile devices, however, are also subject to a greater extent to loads due to moisture exposure, temperature effects, and the like, as compared with those "immobile" devices which are usually installed in interiors and which move little or not at all.
- Listed below are a number of portable devices in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention may advantageously be used.
- Cameras, digital cameras, photographic accessories (such as light meters, flashguns, diaphragms, camera casings, lenses, etc.), film cameras, video cameras, small computers (mobile computers, pocket computers, pocket calculators), laptops, notebook computers, netbooks, ultrabooks, tablet computers, handhelds, electronic diaries and organizers (called "Electronic Organizers" or "Personal Digital Assistants", PDAs, palmtops), modems,
- computer accessories and operating units for electronic devices, such as mice,
- drawing pads, graphics tablets, microphones, loudspeakers, games consoles, game pads,
- remote controls, remote operating devices, touchpads,
- monitors, displays, screens, touch-sensitive screens (sensor screens, touchscreen devices), projectors
- readers for electronic books (e-books),
- mini-TVs, pocket TVs, devices for playing films, video players, radios (including mini and pocket radios), Walkmans, Discmans, music players for e.g. CDs, DVDs, Blurays, cassettes, USB, MP3, headphones, cordless telephones, cell phones, smartphones, two-way radios, hands-free devices, devices for summoning people (pagers, beepers)
- mobile defibrillators, blood sugar meters, blood pressure monitors, step counters, pulse meters
- torches, laser pointers
- mobile detectors, optical magnifiers, long-range vision devices, night vision devices, GPS devices, navigation devices, portable interface devices for satellite communications
- data storage devices (USB sticks, external hard drives, memory cards)
- wristwatches, digital watches, pocket watches, chain watches, stopwatches.
- For mounting applications in electronic devices - not only portable devices - reworkability of expensive components becomes increasingly important. Consequently, adhesive tapes used to adhere such components need to be removable and thus shall exhibit low separation force when being removed from the respective surfaces. It is desired that the adhesive tape can be removed without any residues because any additional cleaning step that might further harm the highly sensitive components of the device shall be avoided.
-
EP 1 426 407 A1 discloses an adhesive polymer composite comprising at least one, optionally hydrogenated, nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4@100°C) below 30, optionally at least one filler and optionally at least one crosslinking agent. -
WO 2017/025492 A1 relates to a pressure-sensitive adhesive material which contains as a base polymer at least one solid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and adhesive resins, wherein the proportion of adhesive resin s is in the range from 30 to 130 phr and the acrylonitrile content in the solid acrylonitrile butadiene rubber is between 10 and 30 wt%. -
US 2003/0134112 A1 describes a tape comprising a highly extensible, substantially non-recoverable backing bearing on at least one major surface thereof a layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive. The tape is capable of being removed therefrom after only being stretched at an angle no greater than about 35 ° from the surface of the substrate. -
WO 2014/067667 A1 discloses a thermally debondable tape having a base adhesive layer and at least one thermally releasable adhesive layer comprising an adhesive and thermally expandable particles. The base adhesive layer has an adhesion of less than 2 N/20 mm at expansion temperature of the thermally expandable particles and an adhesiobn of more than 10 N/20 mm at 20 °C. -
WO 97/46631 A1 - (a) a temperature-responsive carrier capable of changing its shape at a first transition temperature; and
- (b) a thermomorphic pressure-sensitive adhesive on at least a portion of at least one surface of said carrier,
-
WO 2014/066195 A1 describes a pressure sensitive adhesive composition adapted for selective debonding, the pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising: - a continuous first phase comprising pressure sensitive adhesive matrix; and
- a discontinuous second phase comprising crosslinked silicone gel particles dispersed in the pressure sensitive adhesive matrix with a characteristic such that upon exposure to a debonding agent, the particles undergo a change in at least one of shape and volume.
- There are various limitations in the debonding properties of the adhesive tapes known so far. "Stretch release" tapes require a die-cut shape to apply the stretching which cannot be realized in all applications due to complicated layout in many cases. Heat-based debonding normally requires temperatures of up to 110 °C. In some cases there are highly sensitive components that will be damaged by such temperatures.
- It is an object of the invention to provide pressure-sensitive adhesives based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers which are available for technical applications, said adhesives exhibiting the profile of properties of customary PSAs, having good shock-resistance combined with easy removability of the adhesives from the substrate.
- The invention accordingly provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive which comprises
- at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber; and
- at least one tackifier resin,
- Such pressure-sensitive adhesives have proven to exhibit good shock-resistance as well as significantly improved removability from the substrate upon treatment with ethanol.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention may comprise one (single) or more acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber(s). In the following, "acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers" is meant to comprise also the case where only one (single) acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is present in the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Likewise, the term "the entirety of all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers" comprises the case where only one (single) acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is present in the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- Preferably, the acrylonitrile content in the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is at least 10 wt%. More preferably, the acrylonitrile content in the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is from 12 to 25 wt%, more preferably from 15 to 22 wt%. If the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises a plurality of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, this preferably applies to all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- The acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers may be admixed with inert release assistants, preferably selected from talc, silicates (talc, clay, mica), zinc stearate, and PVC powders, more particularly in an order of magnitude of 3 phr, based on the entirety of all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- Preferably, the at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is a solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. In an embodiment of the invention, all acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive are solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers. In another embodiment, the at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is a solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and the pressure-sensitive adhesive further comprises at least one liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, the acrylonitrile content in the liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber being at least 10 and less than 30 wt%. The pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention may comprise one (single) or more such liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber(s). The fraction of the entirety of all liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers is preferably up to 20 wt%, more preferably between 1 and 15 wt%, more preferably between 2 and 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- Liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers are distinguished from solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers in that they have a softening point of < 40 °C.
- The figures for the softening point Ts of oligomeric and polymeric compounds as use herein are based on the ring and ball method as per DIN EN 1427:2007, with corresponding application of the provisions (investigation of the oligomer or polymer sample instead of bitumens, with a procedure otherwise retained); the measurements take place in a glycerol bath.
- The polymer basis of the pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) according to the invention preferably consists of solid, or solid and liquid, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers. More preferably, there is no other polymer in the PSA apart from acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers. Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers to a total extent of 30 to 75 wt%, more preferably 40 to 65 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- In an embodiment of the invention, the PSA consists of solid and liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, one or more tackifier resins, at least one aging inhibitor, and optionally at least one release assistant. In further embodiments, the PSA may furthermore comprise at least one plasticizer, at least one filler and/or at least one dye.
- The term "tackifier resin" is understood by the skilled person to refer to a resin-based substance which increases the tack of a PSA compared to the same composition of the PSA not including the tackifier resin.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises at least one rosin resin as tackifier resin. Rosin resins are also known as "colophony resins". The term "rosin resins" encompasses both natural and modified rosin. The rosin resins include, for example, natural rosin; dimerized rosin; partially hydrogenated rosin; fully hydrogenated rosin; esterified products of these kinds of rosin such as glycerol esters, pentaerythritol esters, ethylene glycol esters, and methyl esters; and rosin derivatives such as disproportionation rosin, fumaric acid-modified rosin, and lime-modified rosin.
- Furthermore, the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention has an acid number of 6 to 150. Preferably, the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention has an acid number of at least 9.
- The acid number, also referred to as acid value (or neutralization number or acidity) is the mass of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in milligrams that is required to neutralize one gram of a chemical substance. The acid number is a measure of the number of carboxylic acid groups in a chemical compound or in a mixture of compounds. In a typical procedure, a known amount of sample dissolved in an organic solvent (often isopropanol) is titrated with a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) of known concentration using phenolphthalein as a colour indicator.
- The acid number is used to quantify the acidity of a substance. It is the quantity of base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide, that is required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 g of a sample.
- The acid number can be calculated using the following equation:
- Generally, OH- and COOH-group containing resins are the preferred tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Therefore, preferably, at least 50 wt%, more preferably, at least 70 wt%, particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are OH- and COOH-group containing tackifier resins. In particular, all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are OH- and COOH-group containing tackifier resins. Preferred OH-group containing tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive are terpene-phenolic resins.
- Preferably, at least 50 wt%; more preferably, at least 70 wt%; and particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins or a mixture of rosin resins and terpene-phenolic resins. In particular, all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins or a mixture of rosin resins and terpene-phenolic resins.
- Still preferably, at least 50 wt%; more preferably, at least 70 wt%; and particularly preferably, at least 90 wt% of the entirety of all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins. In particular, all tackifier resins of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are rosin resins.
- Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention comprises tackifier resins in a total amount of 35 to 65 wt%, more preferably of 40 to 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- Further preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention is free of any hydrocarbon resins. It has been observed that this causes an advantageous effect on the removability of the adhesive.
- Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises at least one primary antioxidant, more preferably, at least one sterically hindered phenol; and/or at least one secondary antioxidant, more preferably at least one secondary antioxidant selected from phosphites, thioethers and C-radical scavengers. Further, preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention comprises at least one light stabilizer, especially at least one UV absorber and/or sterically hindered amine.
- These substances advantageously provide stabilization of the adhesive against environmental and aging impacts.
- Further additives which may be comprised by the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention are e.g. fillers and dyes. The fillers may be reinforcing or non-reinforcing fillers. Preferably, fillers are selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxides, in particular spherical, acicular and irregular silicas; phyllosilicates; calcium carbonates; zinc oxides; titanium dioxides; aluminum oxides; and aluminum oxide hydroxides.
- Preferably, the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention is free of any plasticizers and oils. It has been observed that this causes an advantageous impact on the shock resistance of the adhesive.
- The maximum fraction of the entirety of all additives, i.e. all substances other than acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers and tackifier resins, preferably is 15 wt%, more preferably 5 wt%, and particularly preferably 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- In order to enhance the cohesive properties of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, it may also be crosslinked, in particular through the addition of peroxides or by high-energy radiation. This may have positive effects on properties, such as shear resistance. The pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention preferably is crosslinked.
- The PSA is preferably utilized for the furnishing of carriers, to give adhesive tapes. Hence, a further subject matter of the present invention is an adhesive tape comprising a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention.
- Adhesive tapes in the sense of the invention are to comprehend all sheetlike or tapelike carrier formations coated on one or both sides with adhesive, hence including, in addition to conventional tapes, also decals, sections, diecuts (punched sheetlike carrier formations coated with adhesive), two-dimensionally extended structures (for example, sheets) and the like, and multilayer arrangements.
- The expression "adhesive tape" also encompasses, furthermore, what are called "adhesive transfer tapes", in other words an adhesive tape consisting of a pressure-sensitive adhesive mass only. In the case of an adhesive transfer tape, the adhesive may be applied between flexible liners prior to application, these liners being provided with a release layer and/or having antiadhesive properties. For application, generally speaking, first liner is removed, the adhesive is applied, and then the second liner is removed.
- The adhesive tape may be provided in fixed lengths, such as in the form of meter-length product, for example, or else as continuous product on rolls (Archimedean spiral) or even cross-wound spools.
- The coat weight (coating thickness) of one layer of the pressure-sensitive adhesive according to the invention in an adhesive tape is preferably between 10 and 150 g/m2, more preferably between 15 and 120 g/m2. For transfer tapes, the coat weight particularly preferably is 30 - 100 g/m2; for adhesive tapes further comprising at least a carrier layer it is particularly preferably 50 to 80 g/m2.
- In an embodiment of the invention, the adhesive tape further comprises a carrier layer. Carrier materials, preferably, are selected from the group consisting of paper; woven fabric; nonwoven; and films made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, oriented polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid, cellulose, modified starch and polyhydroxyalkanoate. Woven fabric can be made of renewable sources, preferably of cotton, hemp, jute or stinging-nettle fibers. Particularly preferably, the carrier material is made of PET or polyurethane.
- The carrier material may be furnished on one or both sides with the PSA. It is possible, furthermore, for the carrier layer to be provided with one or more coatings. Moreover, only one side of the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape may be furnished with the inventive PSA, and a different PSA may be used on the other side.
- The adhesive tape is formed by application of the adhesive, partially or over the whole area, to the carrier. Coating may also take place in the form of one or more strips in lengthwise direction (machine direction), optionally in transverse direction (cross direction), but more particularly coating is over the full area. Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be applied in patterned dot format by means of screen printing, in which case the dots of adhesive may also differ in size and/or distribution, or by gravure printing of lines which join up in the lengthwise and transverse directions, by engraved-roller printing, or by flexographic printing. The adhesive may be in the form of domes (produced by screen printing) or else in another pattern such as lattices, stripes, zig-zag lines. Furthermore, for example, the PSA may also have be applied by spraying, producing a more or less irregular pattern.
- In an embodiment, the adhesive tape further comprises an adhesion promoter, also referred to as primer layer, between the carrier layer and the layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive. Such primer layer may improve the interlayer bonding strength between the adhesive and the carrier.
- The primers preferably is a dispersion or solvent system based on isoprene- or butadiene-containing rubber, acrylate rubber, polyvinyl, polyvinylidene and/or cyclo rubber. It may further comprise isocyanates or epoxy resins which may improve the adhesion and in some cases also increase the shear strength of the PSA. The adhesion promoter may likewise be applied as a coextrusion layer on one side of the carrier layer.
- In a further embodiment, a surface of the carrier layer being in contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive has been subject to a physical pretreatment before bringing it into contact with the PSA. Suitable physical surface treatments include flame treatment and corona or plasma treatment.
- Furthermore, in single-sided adhesive tapes, the carrier layer surface opposite the surface being in contact with the pressure-sensitive adhesive may have been subject to an antiadhesive physical treatment or coating, and more particularly may be furnished with a release layer.
- Suitable release layers may be based on compounds having linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl groups having a C number of at least 10, e.g. stearyl compounds like polyvinylstearylcarbamate; stearyl compounds of transition metals such as Cr or Zr, ureas formed from polyethylenimine and stearyl isocyanate, stearylsulfosuccinates and stearylsulfosuccinamates; chromium complexes of C14 to C28 fatty acids; acrylic polymers with perfluorinated alkyl groups; and silicones like poly(dimethylsiloxanes) or fluorosilicone compounds.
- The adhesive tape may likewise have been laminated with a release liner which customarily comprises a base material of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester or paper which has been coated with a silicone system on one or both sides.
- The adhesive tape of the invention may be produced by any method known to the skilled person. Accordingly, the PSA, including the additives, in solution in a suitable solvent, may be coated onto a carrier or release film by means of engraved-roller application, comma bar coating, multiroll coating, or in a printing process, after which the solvent may be removed in a drying tunnel or drying oven. Alternatively, the carrier material or release film may also be coated in a solvent-free process. For this purpose, the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber may be heated in an extruder and melted. Further operating steps may take place in the extruder, such as mixing with the additives described above, filtration or degassing. The melt may then be coated by means of a calander onto the carrier layer or release film.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive tape of the invention preferably has a peel adhesion on a steel substrate of at least 4.0 N/cm, more preferably of at least 6.0 N/cm at a coat weight of 50 g/m2.
- Unless otherwise indicated, the measurements are carried out under test conditions of 23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity.
- A square sample with a frame shape was cut from the adhesive tape under investigation (external dimensions 33 mm x 33 mm; border width 2.0 mm; internal dimensions (window cutout) 29 mm x 29 mm). This sample was adhered to a polycarbonate (PC) frame (external dimensions 45 mm x 45 mm; border width 10 mm; internal dimensions (window cutout) 25 mm x 25 mm; thickness 3 mm). On the other side of the double-sided adhesive tape, a PC window measuring 35 mm x 35 mm was adhered. The bonding of PC frame, adhesive tape frame and PC window took place in such a way that the geometric centers and the diagonals lay in each case one above another (corner to corner). The bond area was 248 mm2. The bond was pressed under 10 bar for 5 s and stored for 24 hours with conditioning at 23 °C/50 % relative humidity.
- Immediately after storage, the bonded assembly of PC frame, adhesive tape and PC window with the protruding edges of the PC frame was clamped into a sample holder in such a way that the assembly was oriented horizontally and the PC window was beneath the frame. The sample holder was subsequently inserted centrally into the intended receptacle of the DuPont impact tester. The impact head, weighing 150 g, was inserted such that the circular impact geometry with a diameter of 24 mm impacted centrally and flush on the window side of the PC window.
- A weight with a mass of 150 g, guided on two guide rods, was dropped vertically from a height of 5 cm onto the assembly thus arranged of sample holder, sample and impact head (measuring conditions 23°C, 50% relative humidity). The height of the falling weight was raised in steps of 5 cm until the impact energy introduced caused destruction of the sample as a result of the impact stress, and the PC window parted from the PC frame.
-
- For each product, five samples were tested, and the average energy value was reported as a characteristic value for the impact resistance. A value of at least 0.45 J is considered to indicate good impact resistance.
- The push-out test provides information on the extent to which the bond of a component in a frame-shaped body, such as of a window or display in a housing, is resistant.
- A rectangular, frame-shaped sample was cut out of the adhesive tape under investigation (outside dimensions 33 mm x 33 mm; border width 2.0 mm in each case; inside dimensions (window opening) 29 mm x 29 mm, bond area 248 mm2 on each of the top and bottom sides). This sample was adhered to a rectangular PC plastic frame (PC = polycarbonate) (outside dimensions 40 mm x 40 mm; border width of the long borders 8 mm in each case; border width of the short borders 10 mm in each case; inside dimensions (window opening) 24 mm x 24 mm; thickness 3 mm). Adhered on the other side of the double-sided adhesive tape sample was a rectangular PC sheet with dimensions of 35 mm x 35 mm. The full bond area of the adhesive tape available was utilized. The PC frame, adhesive tape sample and PC window were bonded such that the geometric centers, the bisecting lines of the acute diagonal angles and the bisecting lines of the obtuse diagonal angles of the rectangles each lay on top of one another (corner on corner, long sides on long sides, short sides on short sides). The bond area was 248 mm2. The bond was pressed at 248 N for 5 s and stored for 24 hours with conditioning at 23°C/50% relative humidity.
- Immediately after storage, the adhesive assembly composed of PC frame, adhesive tape and PC sheet was placed with the protruding edges of the PC frame onto a frame structure (sample holder) in such a way that the assembly was oriented horizontally and the PC sheet pointed downward, hanging freely.
- A plunger is then moved through the window of the PC frame, perpendicularly from above, at a constant speed of 10 mm/s, so that it presses centrally onto the PC plate, and a record is made of the respective force (determined from respective pressure and contact area between plunger and plate) as a function of the time from the first contact of the plunger with the PC plate until shortly after the plate has fallen (measuring conditions 23°C, 50% relative humidity). The force acting immediately prior to the failure of the adhesive bond between PC plate and PC frame (maximum force Fmax in the force-time diagram in N) is recorded as the answer of the push-out test.
- For the determination of removability of the adhesive tape under the influence of EtOH/water, the specimens manufactured for the push-out strength test as described hereinbefore were stored at 65°C and 90% relative humidity in a 75:25 (vol%) mixture of ethanol and water. For the ethanol/water storage a closeable vessel was used in order to prevent loss of ethanol by evaporation. Following storage, the specimens are first rinsed off with distilled water and then stored for 24 hours at 23°C and 50% relative humidity. Only then the push-out strength test as described above was repeated.
- The drop of the maximum force Fmax in % is given as the result; a high drop (at least 35 %) indicates good removability of the tape.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) set out in the examples were homogenized as solvent-based compositions in a kneading apparatus with a double-sigma kneading hook. The solvent used was butanone (methyl ethyl ketone, 2-butanone). The kneading apparatus was cooled by means of water cooling.
- In a first step, the solid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber was pre-swollen with the same amount of butanone at 23°C for 12 hours. This preliminary batch was then kneaded for 2 hours. Subsequently, again, the amount of butanone selected above and, optionally, the liquid NBR rubber were added in two steps with kneading in each case for 10 minutes. Thereafter the tackifier resin was added as a solution in butanone with a solids content of 50%, and homogeneous kneading was continued for 20 minutes more. The final solids content is adjusted to 30 wt% by addition of butanone.
- The PSA was coated onto a PET film which was 23 µm thick and etched with trichloroacetic acid by means of a coating knife on a commercial laboratory coating bench (Sondermaschinen Oschersleben GmbH). The butanone was evaporated in a forced air drying cabinet at 105°C for 10 minutes. The slot width during coating was adjusted so as to achieve a coat weight of 50 g/m2 following evaporation of the solvent. The films freed from the solvent were subsequently lined with siliconized PET film and stored pending further testing at 23°C and 50% relative humidity.
-
Table 1: Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers used Name ACN content Mooney viscosity ML 1+4, 100°C [wt%] [MU] Nipol® 401 18.5 73 to 83 Nipol® 401 LL 18.5 32 to 44 Nipol® DN 2850 28.0 45 to 55 Table 2: Tackifier resins used Name Chemical basis Manufacturer Softening point OH/acid no. Dertophene® T 110 Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 112 °C OH no. 50 Dertophene® T Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 95 °C OH no. 35 Dertophene® H150 Terpene-phenolic resin DRT 118 °C OH no. 145 Picco® AR85 Aromatically modified hydrocarbon resin Eastman Eastman 87 °C - Picco® AR100 Modified aromatic hydrocarbon resin Eastman 101 °C - Foral® 85-E Hydrogenated rosin ester Eastman 85 °C Acid no. 9 Foral® 105-E Hydrogenated rosin ester Eastman 101 °C Acid no. 14 Foral® AX-E Fully hydrogenated rosin Eastman 80 °C Acid no. 165 Table 3: Plasticizers used Name ACN content/chemical nature Viscosity [wt%] [MU] Nipol® 1312LV 26 9.000 - 16.000 (Brookfield, [mPa*s], spindle 4, 12 rpm, 50 °C Indopol® H-100 Polybutene (PIB) 200 - 235 cSt (100 °C) Table 4: Composition of the examples according to the invention Example no./ Raw material 1 2 3 4 5 6 Initial mass of solids [wt%] Nipol® 401 57 57 57 50 45 57 Foral® 85-E 43 21.5 21.5 50 55 21.5 Foral® 105-E 21.5 Foral® AX-E 21.5 Dertophene® H150 21.5 Table 5: Composition of the comparative examples Comparative Example no./ Raw material 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Initial mass of solids [%] Nipol® 401 57 57 57 57 63 57 57 Nipol® 401 LL 57 54 Nipol® DN 2850 53 Dertophene® T 110 43 Dertophene® T 43 41 Dertophene® H150 39 43 37 Picco® AR85 43 43 Picco® AR100 43 Foral® AX-E 43 Nipol® 1312LV 8 Indopol® H-100 5 Table 6: Test results of the examples according to the invention Example no./ test 1 2 3 4 5 6 DuPont [J] 0.63 0.54 0.54 0.50 0.49 0.56 Push-out [N] 133 93 131 135 124 187 Push-out drop [%] 39 40 46 61 82 44 Table 7: Test results comparative examples Example no./ test 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 DuPont [J] 0.47 0.38 0.57 0.15 0.15 0.35 0.38 0.61 0.44 0.56 Push-out [N] 165 - 174 314 107 260 198 158 165 173 Push-out drop [%] 7 - 14 87 84 76 47 33 35 30
the acrylonitrile content of the acrylonitrile rubber is less than 30 wt%;
the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises at least one rosin resin as tackifier resin; and the entirety of all tackifier resins has an acid number of 6 - 150.
Claims (8)
- A pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising- at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber; and- at least one tackifier resin,characterized in that
the acrylonitrile content of the acrylonitrile rubber is less than 30 wt%;
the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises at least one rosin resin as tackifier resin; and
the entirety of all tackifier resins has and an acid number of 6 - 150. - A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that the acrylonitrile content in the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber is at least 10 wt%.
- A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive comprises tackifier resins to a total extent of 40 to 70 wt%, based on the total weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the acrylonitrile rubber is a solid acrylonitrile rubber.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive further comprises at least one liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, the acrylonitrile content in the liquid acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber being at least 10 and less than 30 wt%.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entirety of all tackifier resins has an acid number of at least 9.
- The pressure-sensitive adhesive according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive is free of oils and plasticizers.
- The use of a pressure-sensitive adhesive according to any of the preceding claims for bonding parts in mobile electronic devices.
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EP20169117.7A EP3892678A1 (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubbers |
US17/226,486 US20210317345A1 (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Pressure-sensitive adhesive based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubbers |
CN202110382649.4A CN113528057B (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Pressure sensitive adhesives based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber |
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US20210317345A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
CN113528057A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
CN113528057B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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