EP3887737B1 - Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement pour four métallurgique - Google Patents

Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement pour four métallurgique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3887737B1
EP3887737B1 EP19813145.0A EP19813145A EP3887737B1 EP 3887737 B1 EP3887737 B1 EP 3887737B1 EP 19813145 A EP19813145 A EP 19813145A EP 3887737 B1 EP3887737 B1 EP 3887737B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
cooling
lining
refractory bricks
containment ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19813145.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3887737A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerrit DE VILLIERS
Hugo Joubert
Isobel MCDOUGALL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tenova South Africa Pty Ltd
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Tenova South Africa Pty Ltd
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Publication of EP3887737A1 publication Critical patent/EP3887737A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/12—Working chambers or casings; Supports therefor
    • F27B3/16—Walls; Roofs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a lining and cooling arrangement for a metallurgical furnace, and more particularly but not exclusively to a containment ring forming part of a lining and cooling arrangement for a metallurgical furnace.
  • Cooling of the refractory lining of a metallurgical furnace is a critical aspect of successful and extended furnace operations. Lining life is often determined by abnormal operating events and extreme operating conditions. To improve lining life and guarantee extended performance, particular care must be given to design and installation of a sidewall cooling system.
  • Various sidewall lining and cooling designs and configurations are known in industry, and it is for example common practice for a furnace to include a working lining comprising refractory bricks, with copper cooling elements located on top of the refractory brick lining.
  • a bottom zone of a furnace sidewall cooler of the stave or waffle type interfaces with a refractory brick lining of the furnace.
  • the coolers are lifted upwards.
  • the brick lining and coolers do not always move down by its own weight, and gaps can form between the bricks as well as between the brick lining and the coolers.
  • a hold down mechanism is normally used to ensure the coolers are pushed down onto the brick lining in order to close the gaps.
  • the hold down mechanism normally employs springs to ensure the coolers and brick lining can move upwards under expansion pressure, but will move downwards during cooling and shrinking of the refractory brick lining in the sidewall and hearth. If the gaps are not closed, it can fill up with dust, grit or molten material resulting in unwanted growth of the lining over time, also called "ratcheting".
  • coolers are now mostly equipped with individual hold down mechanisms. In other words, each cooler is held down on the brick lining below independently from the other coolers. It is believed this has been an improvement.
  • US 2013/099430 A1 discloses an elastically interconnected cooler comprising a plurality of coolers cast as segments of a ring and interconnected with springs and bolts through flanges on their outer perimeter to form an elastic hoop.
  • a sidewall lining and cooling arrangement for a metallurgical furnace including:
  • the containment ring to have an operatively lower end and an operatively upper end, wherein the operatively lower end extends downwardly below the interface between the cooling element and the layer of refractory bricks, and wherein the operatively upper end extends upwardly above the interface between the cooling element and the layer of refractory bricks.
  • the lower end of the containment ring is provided for the lower end of the containment ring to extend operatively downwardly at least one brick height of the layer of refractory bricks.
  • the lower end of the containment ring extends operatively downwardly at least two brick height of the layer of refractory bricks.
  • the containment ring prefferably be independent from the cooling element and not fixed to or part of the cooling element.
  • the containment ring may be in the form of a plurality of containment plates, blocks or bricks that are locatable adjacent one another so as to form a continuous containment ring.
  • the plurality of containment plates, blocks or bricks to be configured to form lap joints when located adjacent one another.
  • the containment ring is made from copper, stainless steel or cast iron.
  • a further feature of the invention provides for the lining and cooling arrangement to include a bolting arrangement for use in urging the containment ring into contact with the cold faces of the cooling element and the layer of refractory bricks.
  • the bolting arrangement may extend through the furnace shell or cooling element support structure, and may include a biasing means for exerting an abutment bias onto the containment ring.
  • the lining and cooling arrangement to include an expansion layer located between the cold face of the layer of refractory bricks and the containment ring.
  • the expansion layer may be in the form of a refractory material type expansion board or a refractory ramming material.
  • a furnace including the lining and cooling arrangement as described above.
  • the terms “mounted,” “connected,” “supported,” and “coupled” and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings and are thus intended to include direct connections between two members without any other members interposed therebetween and indirect connections between members in which one or more other members are interposed therebetween. It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the,” and any singular use of any word, include plural referents unless expressly and unequivocally limited to one referent. As used herein, the term “include” and its grammatical variants are intended to be non-limiting, such that recitation of items in a list is not to the exclusion of other like items that can be substituted or added to the listed items.
  • Figure 1 merely serves to indicated where the lining and cooling arrangement 20 and hence the containment ring 25, are located, and does not serve to exemplify the detail design associated with the new lining and cooling arrangement of this invention.
  • a furnace 10 includes a furnace shell 11 which defines an internal volume 12 therein.
  • a lining and cooling arrangement 20 is provided inside the furnace between the shell 11 and the internal volume 12, and this invention specifically focusses on a lining and cooling arrangement 20 located towards and operatively lower end of the furnace 10.
  • the lining and cooling arrangement 20 includes a layer of refractory bricks 21, comprising a plurality of independent bricks 22 stacked on top of one another.
  • the layer of refractory bricks 21 has a hot face 21.1, being the side facing the internal volume 12, and a cold face 21.2, being the side facing the furnace shell 11.
  • Cooling elements 23 are located on top of the upper surface of the layer of refractory bricks 21.
  • the cooling elements are made from copper, but it will be appreciated that materials may suffice.
  • Each cooling element also has a hot face 23.1, being the side facing the internal volume 12, and a cold face 23.2, being the side facing the furnace shell 11.
  • a contact interface 30 is defined between the upper surface of the layer of refractory bricks 21, and the lower surface of the copper cooling elements 23. In use, this interface constitutes a potential leakage path between the cooling elements 23 and the layer of refractory bricks 21.
  • the copper cooling element 23 does not extend the entire width of the layer of refractory bricks 21, but does include a lower extension 24 that protrudes from the rest of the cooling element, and which extends towards the furnace shell.
  • a containment ring 25 is provided adjacent the cold faces (21.2 and 23.2) of the layer of refractory bricks and the cooling element, and extends at least across the interface 30 between the layer of refractory bricks and the cooling element, so as to seal off one end of the potential leakage path defined by the interface 30.
  • the containment ring provides for the containment ring to be in the form of a plurality of plates or blocks or bricks that are located behind the potential gap formed on the horizontal interface 30 between the bottom of the cooler 23 and the brick lining 21 below.
  • the containment ring comprises a plurality of plates (shown in figure 7 ), with each plate being 50 mm in thickness, either cooled or uncooled, but preferably uncooled.
  • the plates are made from a cast iron material such as Meehanite ® HS that can withstand operating temperatures up to 900'C, has mechanical strength, and is independent from the cooler and the refractory brick lining.
  • the containment ring will be integrally formed with the cooling element 23.
  • the containment ring 25 is installed during the brick lining installation.
  • the containment ring 25 is positioned behind the cold face 21.2 of the layer of refractory bricks 21 directly below the cooling element 23.
  • the containment ring 25 extends vertically downwardly at least one brick height (typically between 75 mm and 100 mm high) but preferably two brick heights. It is envisaged for the containment ring to extend at least 100 mm vertically upwards behind the cooling element 23.
  • the bottom extension 24 of the cooling element 23 is configured to form a lap joint with an upper end of the containment ring 25.
  • the containment ring 25 will be separate from the cooling element, but it is possible to have the containment ring combined with the cooling element, as is shown in Figure 6 .
  • the lining and cooling arrangement 20 to include a bolting arrangement 90 that can be used to push the containment ring 25 tight against the cold faces (21.2 and 23.2) of the cooling element 23 and the brick lining 21.
  • the bolting arrangement will typically extend through the furnace shell 11.
  • the bolting arrangement may incorporate a spring arrangement 95 (seen in Figure 9 ) to ensure that contact is maintained between the containment ring 25 and the cooling element 23 and layer of refractory bricks 21, which will then also allow for radial expansion of the layer of refractory brocks 21 and the subsequent closing of the gap so formed during cooling periods.
  • the containment ring takes the form of a plurality of containment plates, blocks or bricks that are locatable adjacent one another so as to form a continuous containment ring.
  • the plurality of containment plates, blocks or bricks are also provided for the plurality of containment plates, blocks or bricks to be configured to form lap joints 29 when located adjacent one another so as to seal of the vertical gaps between the adjacent plates, bricks or blocks that make up the containment ring 25.
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment of the invention including an expansion layer 100.
  • the expansion layer 100 is located between the cold face 21.2 of the layer of refractory bricks and the containment ring 25.
  • the expansion layer is typically in the form of a refractory material type expansion board or a refractory ramming material.
  • the expansion layer if present, typically extends all the way up to the underside of the cooling element 23. In some cases, due to the cooling effect of the cooling element on the brick directly below it, the expansion layer may be omitted or at least of reduced thickness behind the top row of bricks.
  • expansion allowance is normally in the form of expansion paper (2 mm thick) installed between every so often brick in a particular row. In other words, expansion is allowed for circumferentially versus radially behind the bricks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) pour un four métallurgique (10) incluant :
    une couche de briques réfractaires (21) située adjacente à une carcasse de four (11) du four, la couche de briques réfractaires présentant un côté chaud (21.1) qui est en utilisation le côté faisant face à l'intérieur du four, et un côté froid (21.2) qui est en utilisation le côté faisant face à la carcasse de four ;
    un élément de refroidissement (23) situé au-dessus de la couche de briques réfractaires (21), l'élément de refroidissement présentant un côté chaud (23.1) qui est, en utilisation, le côté faisant face à l'intérieur du four, et un côté froid (23.2) qui est, en utilisation, le côté faisant face à la carcasse de four (11) ; dans lequel une interface de contact (30) est définie entre le haut de la couche de briques réfractaires et un bas de l'élément de refroidissement ; et
    une enceinte de confinement (25) située adjacente aux côtés froids (21.2, 23.2) de l'élément de refroidissement (23) et la couche de briques réfractaires (21), dans lequel l'enceinte de confinement recouvre l'interface de contact (30) entre le haut de la couche de briques réfractaires et un bas de l'élément de refroidissement.
  2. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'enceinte de confinement (25) présente une extrémité opérationnellement inférieure et une extrémité opérationnellement supérieure, dans lequel l'extrémité opérationnellement inférieure s'étend vers le bas au-dessous de l'interface de contact (30) entre l'élément de refroidissement (23) et la couche de briques réfractaires (21), et dans lequel la couche opérationnellement supérieure s'étend vers le haut au-dessus de l'interface de contact entre l'élément de refroidissement et la couche de briques réfractaires.
  3. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'extrémité inférieure de l'enceinte de confinement (25) s'étend opérationnellement vers le bas d'au moins une hauteur de brique (22) de la couche de briques réfractaires (21).
  4. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'extrémité inférieure de l'enceinte de confinement (25) s'étend opérationnellement vers le bas d'au moins deux hauteurs de brique (22) de la couche de briques réfractaires (21).
  5. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'enceinte de confinement (25) est sous la forme d'une pluralité de plaques, blocs ou briques de confinement pouvant être situés adjacents les uns aux autres de manière à former une enceinte de confinement continue.
  6. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les plaques, blocs ou briques de confinement situés de manière adjacente forment des joints à recouvrement (29) lorsqu'ils sont situés adjacents les uns aux autres.
  7. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, incluant un agencement de boulonnage (90) destiné à être utilisé pour mettre l'enceinte de confinement (25) en contact avec les faces froides (21.2, 23.2) de l'élément de refroidissement (23) et la couche de briques réfractaires (21).
  8. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'agencement de boulonnage (90) s'étend à travers la carcasse de four (11) ou une structure de support d'élément de refroidissement.
  9. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel l'agencement de boulonnage (90) inclut un moyen de sollicitation (95) pour exercer une sollicitation de butée sur l'enceinte de confinement (25).
  10. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, incluant en outre une couche d'expansion (100) située entre la face froide (21.2) de la couche de briques réfractaires (21) et l'enceinte de confinement (25).
  11. Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement de paroi latérale (20) selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la couche d'expansion (100) est sous la forme d'un panneau d'expansion de type à matériau réfractaire ou d'un matériau de battage réfractaire.
  12. Four (10) incluant l'agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement (20) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11.
EP19813145.0A 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement pour four métallurgique Active EP3887737B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA201807961 2018-11-26
PCT/IB2019/060025 WO2020109941A1 (fr) 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement pour four métallurgique

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EP3887737A1 EP3887737A1 (fr) 2021-10-06
EP3887737B1 true EP3887737B1 (fr) 2023-02-22

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EP19813145.0A Active EP3887737B1 (fr) 2018-11-26 2019-11-21 Agencement de revêtement et de refroidissement pour four métallurgique

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EP (1) EP3887737B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2019390700B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020109941A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA202103510B (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112499671B (zh) * 2021-01-14 2024-04-16 东华工程科技股份有限公司 一种氯化法钛白装置中的氯化炉
CN113188326B (zh) * 2021-06-10 2023-08-11 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 一种抗冲击熔铜竖炉

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US8696978B2 (en) * 2011-10-20 2014-04-15 Allan Macrae Elastically interconnected cooler compressed hearth and walls

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Publication number Publication date
EP3887737A1 (fr) 2021-10-06
AU2019390700B2 (en) 2024-10-17
WO2020109941A1 (fr) 2020-06-04
ZA202103510B (en) 2023-06-28
AU2019390700A1 (en) 2021-06-10

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