EP3876708A1 - Surveillance du bien-etre et/ou du confort d'un animal d'elevage - Google Patents
Surveillance du bien-etre et/ou du confort d'un animal d'elevageInfo
- Publication number
- EP3876708A1 EP3876708A1 EP19798084.0A EP19798084A EP3876708A1 EP 3876708 A1 EP3876708 A1 EP 3876708A1 EP 19798084 A EP19798084 A EP 19798084A EP 3876708 A1 EP3876708 A1 EP 3876708A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- animal
- vac
- temperature
- humidity
- measured
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000022676 rumination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000015212 rumination disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013135 deep learning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000016087 ovulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027288 circadian rhythm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036449 good health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of animal husbandry.
- the present invention relates more particularly to monitoring the welfare of farm animals.
- One of the objects of the present invention relates to a method and a computer system making it possible to monitor at least one farm animal such as for example a bovine in order to assess its state of comfort, its behavior and / or its state of well-being. .
- behavior is meant here detectable behavior states such as for example the following states: rumination, ingestion, rest, activity, reproduction period, etc.
- the present invention will thus find numerous advantageous applications in breeders and in particular cattle breeders by allowing them to assess the state or states of comfort and / or well-being of their animals in order to best manage the breeding and its productivity.
- Determining and analyzing the behavior of farm animals is of real economic importance in farm performance.
- the detection of high activity states of animals makes it easier to detect periods conducive to reproduction (or heat).
- Comfort and / or well-being states also have an influence on animal health.
- the individual circadian rhythms for each animal determine its behavioral profile. The identification of this profile is essential to anticipate animal health disorders, for example by detecting anomalies in their individual behavior.
- the comfort and well-being of a farm animal therefore have an essential aspect in the life of the animal, these states of comfort and / or well-being being directly associated with health and / or performance. of the animal.
- the comfort level of the animals is directly linked to the quality of the milk and the quantity produced per day.
- the continuous monitoring of this state of comfort of the animals also makes it possible to carry out a good prevention of diseases and health disorders both at the individual level (per animal) and at the scale of the herd (per farm) .
- the known solutions are essentially based on the analysis of movements and only take into account mechanical parameters of the behavior of the animal.
- the Applicant therefore submits that the existing solutions to date are not fully satisfactory and do not allow the state of well-being and / or comfort of the animal to be assessed in sufficient detail.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the situation described above.
- the present invention therefore aims to remedy the various drawbacks mentioned above by proposing a simple and inexpensive solution which makes it possible to precisely determine the state of well-being and / or comfort of an animal.
- the object of the present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a process for monitoring the well-being and / or comfort of a farm animal such as, for example, a bovine.
- the method according to the present invention is implemented by computer means and comprises the following steps: a) a first measurement during which a temperature of the ambient air on said animal, noted T vac _m (as explained in the preamble, is measured using a temperature probe positioned on the farm animal) the value of this ambient air temperature measurement is impacted in practice by the animal's body temperature);
- HR vac m a second measurement during which a humidity of the ambient air on the animal is measured using a humidity sensor positioned on the animal, denoted HR vac m (as explained in the preamble, the value of this measurement of the humidity of the ambient air is impacted in practice by the body temperature of the animal);
- this succession of technical steps, characteristic of the present invention makes it possible to determine a comfort parameter associated with the well-being of the animal; this determination is made on the basis of a precise estimate of the actual relative humidity felt by the animal, this estimate being carried out on the basis of measurements of values not impacted by the body temperature of the animal.
- the actual temperature T vac r felt by the animal is approximated by a reference temperature Ti; xl which corresponds to an ambient air temperature measured at a determined reference point.
- the animal is housed in a stable.
- the reference temperature Ti; xl of the ambient air corresponds to a temperature measured beforehand at a reference point located inside the barn.
- the animal is left in pasture in the open air outside a barn (for example in a meadow).
- the reference temperature of the ambient air corresponds to a temperature of the ambient air measured beforehand at a reference point located outside the barn.
- the calculation of the actual relative humidity RH felt by said animal comprises:
- the actual relative humidity RH felt by the animal is calculated according to the following formula:
- the density of water vapor near said animal p_vac is calculated according to the following formula:
- the maximum possible density of water vapor p_max for the temperature T vac r is calculated according to the following formula:
- e_vac and E_vac_r correspond respectively to the partial pressure of the vapor in the air next to the animal and the maximum possible pressure of the vapor in the air for the temperature T vac _ r .
- the actual temperature T vac _r felt by the animal can be different from the temperature of the ambient air on said animal, T vac _ m and can be approximated by the reference temperature Ti; xl .
- the maximum possible pressure E_vac_r of steam in the air for the temperature T vac _ r. is calculated according to the following formula:
- E_vac_r exp when T vac r is between -60 ° C and 0 ° C;
- E_vac_r exp when T vac r is between 0 ° C and 83 ° C.
- the maximum possible pressure E_vac_r of the vapor in the air for the temperature T vac r can be determined from correspondence tables known from the literature.
- the partial pressure of the vapor in the air next to the e_vac animal is calculated according to the following formula:
- E_vac_m corresponds to the maximum possible pressure of the vapor in the air next to the animal for the temperature T vac-m .
- the step of determining a comfort parameter associated with the well-being of the animal comprises a calculation of a temperature-humidity index, denoted THI, as a function of the actual temperature felt by said animal T vac r and actual relative humidity RH.
- the THI index is calculated according to the following formula:
- THI (l.8 T vac r + 32) - [(0.55 - 0.0055 HR) x (l.8 T vac r - 26.8l )]
- the method according to the present invention comprises a third measurement during which a luminosity perceived by said animal is measured using a photosensitive sensor positioned on said animal, said perceived luminosity being taken into consideration in the evaluation of the animal welfare and / or comfort.
- the brightness perceived by the animal and measured during the third measurement step is taken into account when determining the comfort parameter associated with the well-being of said animal.
- the method according to the present invention comprises a fourth measurement during which it is measured using a motion sensor positioned on said animal the activity of said animal, said activity of the animal being taken into consideration in assessing the welfare of the animal.
- the activity of the animal measured during the fourth measurement is taken into account when determining the comfort parameter associated with the well-being of said animal.
- This measurement can also make it possible to determine the states of behavior of the animal such as for example the following states: rumination, ingestion, rest, medium activity, high activity, reproduction period.
- the object of the present invention relates according to a second aspect to a computer program which includes instructions suitable for the execution of the steps of the method as described above, this in particular when said computer program is executed by at least one processor.
- Such a computer program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or an intermediate code between a source code and an object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
- the object of the present invention relates according to a third aspect to a recording medium readable by a computer on which a computer program is recorded comprising instructions for the execution of the steps of the method as described above. .
- the recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the support may include a storage means, such as a ROM memory, for example a CD-ROM or a ROM memory of the microelectronic circuit type, or also a magnetic recording means or a hard disk.
- this recording medium can also be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, such a signal being able to be routed via an electrical or optical cable, by conventional or hertzian radio or by self-directed laser beam or by other ways.
- the computer program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from a network of the Internet type.
- the recording medium can be an integrated circuit in which the computer program is incorporated, the integrated circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the process in question.
- the object of the present invention relates according to a fourth aspect to an electronic system for monitoring the well-being and / or comfort of a farm animal such as for example a bovine.
- the system comprises computer means configured for the implementation of the steps of the method described above.
- system according to the present invention comprises:
- a portable measurement module positioned on said animal and comprising:
- T vac _ m a temperature probe configured to measure a temperature of the ambient air on said animal
- HR vac _ m • a humidity sensor configured to measure a humidity of the ambient air on said animal, denoted HR vac _ m ;
- a generation circuit configured to collect information relating to the temperature and humidity measured on said animal and to generate as a function of said collected information at least one temperature data item containing information relating to the temperature T vac m measured and at least humidity data containing information relating to the measured humidity HR vac m ?
- a processor configured to determine a comfort parameter associated with the well-being of said animal as a function of the calculated actual relative RH relative humidity.
- the object of the present invention makes it possible to determine with good precision the state of well-being of an animal and in particular a farm animal.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting nature and in which:
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a sectional view of a portable measurement module of the collar type positioned around the neck of a cattle, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents a schematic view of a system for monitoring the welfare of a farm animal such as a cattle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 represents an animal equipped around its neck with a portable measurement module of the collar type according to FIG. 1;
- Figure 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a portion of a measurement module according to Figure 1;
- FIG. 5 represents a flowchart illustrating the different steps of the method for monitoring animal welfare according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- Changes in the behavior of each animal may be linked to developing health conditions. However, these changes can also be caused by the deterioration of their comfort status (change in temperature and / or humidity, insufficient amount of light).
- One of the objectives of the present invention is therefore to be able to provide the farm manager with the information necessary to be able not only to observe the current behavior of each animal, but also to facilitate the determination of the cause of the evolution of the behavior.
- a portable measurement module 10 in the form of a collar 10 positioned around the neck C of an animal A, here a cow (see FIG. 3).
- the measurement module 10 is instrumented with a plurality of sensors including in particular a temperature probe 11 and a humidity sensor 12.
- the temperature probe 11 is configured to measure during a measurement step S1 a temperature of the ambient air on the animal A; this measured temperature is noted here
- the humidity sensor 12 is in turn configured to measure during a step S2 the humidity of the ambient air on the animal A; this measured humidity is noted here HR vac _ m .
- the humidity sensor 12 can be combined with the temperature sensor 11 and integrated into the same electronic component.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of implementation of the collar 10 with a housing 10 ’comprising in its center a receptacle lOa’ capable of receiving a cylindrical element 18a.
- This element 18a has on the front facade an orifice 18b allowing access to the bottom of said housing 10 ’along a passage channel l8c.
- the bottom of said housing 10 ’ comprises an electronic card 19 on which the sensors 11 and 12 are positioned in an enclosure forming a compartment 19 ′ for receiving the sensors 11 and 12.
- the channel 18b therefore opens into this enclosure 19 '. This makes it possible to carry out a measurement of the temperature T vac m and of the humidity RH vac m .
- sealing elements 18d are also provided between the enclosure 19 'and the rest of the housing.
- Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of the element 18a. This element can be replaced easily if necessary to be repositioned in the receptacle 10a ’of the housing 10’.
- Absolute humidity shows what mass of water in the form of vapor is contained in a given volume of air. Except in extreme cases (for example, temperature change by passing through a dew point), this value remains invariable according to the temperature (if the air temperature changes, the same amount of water (number of grams) remains in the air as vapor).
- Relative humidity shows the level (percentage) of air vapor saturation. Indeed, the air cannot accommodate the infinite quantity of water. There is a well-defined limit of the mass of water vapor per given volume of air. This limit depends on the air temperature.
- the important parameter for estimating the level of comfort and well-being of animals (and humans) is relative humidity (not absolute humidity).
- the thermal comfort of the animal is therefore linked to the couple of air temperature and relative humidity felt by the animal.
- the sensor 12 is capable of directly measuring the relative humidity.
- the temperature of the air at the location of the sensor 11 is generally higher than the real temperature of the ambient air because the sensor 11 is heated by the body of the animal A.
- the value of the relative humidity RH vac m measured by the sensor 12 can be different from the true value of the relative humidity RH of the air around the animal (since the air is generally more cold).
- the concept underlying the present invention is therefore to determine the actual relative humidity RH felt by animal A by calculating the value of the absolute humidity (which, in general, does not depend on the temperature, as explained previously), this to avoid the impact of body temperature on the measurement.
- the temperature felt by the animal is approximated by the temperature of the ambient air outside the animal, denoted T Ext .
- the information collected by the sensors 11 and 12 during the measurements S1 and S2 are therefore collected by a central unit 20 remote from the animal A during a step S3; this collection S3 is carried out via wireless communication means 17 and 21 of the type, for example radio frequency means or the like.
- the central unit 20 includes a generation circuit 22 which, during a step S4, generates from the information T vac m and HR vac m respectively a temperature data DT containing information relating to the measured temperature T vac _m and a data DH humidity with information on the measured humidity HR vac m.
- a treatment S5 by a processing circuit 23 of these data of temperature DT and humidity DH to calculate, as a function of the temperature T vac m measured, of the humidity measured HR vac m and a reference temperature Ti; xl of ambient air measured at a determined reference point, a real relative humidity RH felt by animal A.
- the ambient air temperature Ti; xl can be the ambient air temperature for animals A which are inside the farm building.
- This reference temperature T Ext can be measured by another temperature sensor 24 which is located in the building.
- this probe can also correspond to a reference temperature of the ambient air for animals A which are outside the building. In this case, this probe is outside. It will be noted with the reference 24 ’.
- the system 100 can distinguish whether the animal is outside or inside a building, for example, by measuring the brightness by the light sensor 13 integrated in the collar 10.
- the processing circuit 23 is presented as a calculator and performs a first calculation S5_l of the density of water vapor near said animal, denoted p_vac, and a second calculation S5_2 of the maximum density of water vapor at the reference point , denoted p_max.
- e_vac and E_ext correspond respectively to the partial pressure of the vapor in the air next to animal A and the maximum pressure of the vapor in the air at the reference point at the reference temperature TExt.
- the maximum pressure E_ext of the vapor in the air at the reference point at the reference temperature T Ext. is calculated according to the following formula:
- the partial pressure e_vac of the vapor in the air next to animal A is calculated according to the following formula:
- E_vac_m corresponds to the maximum pressure of the vapor in the air next to animal A.
- the circuit 23 can calculate the actual relative humidity RH felt by the animal A.
- the present invention proposes to determine individually for each animal the state of behavior of the animals, their level of activity and their feeling of environmental parameters.
- the processor 25 of the central unit 20 determines during a step S6 a comfort parameter associated with the well-being of the animal A as a function of the relative humidity RH actually felt.
- This parameter is calculated to assess the welfare of the animal.
- the parameter corresponds to the temperature-humidity index or THI which is a function of the air temperature felt by the animal Ti; xl (here, we take the case where Tvac m T Ext ) and the actual relative RH calculated humidity.
- This index is calculated by the processor 25 calculated according to the following formula:
- THI (i.8 T Ext + 32) - [(q.55 - 0.0055 HR) x (l 8 T Ext - 26.81)]
- Environmental parameters such as the brightness measured by the brightness sensor 13 (photosensitive sensor) integrated in the collar and the THI index (based on measurements related to ambient temperature and ambient humidity) perceived by each animal A thus allow to estimate the comfort level of the animals.
- a dairy cow which is in a “non-comfortable” state at the thermal level (thermal stress), for example a THI value too low or too high, can lose up to 30% of the daily milk production.
- the heat stress that cattle can undergo can also lead to disruption of ovulation periods and a greater development of diseases.
- the Applicant therefore submits that the yield from cattle holdings is directly dependent on the thermal comfort of the animals.
- the amount of light perceived by the animal during the day has a direct impact on the hormonal regulation of the animal. For example, increasing the amount of light per day leads to a stimulation of ingestion and therefore of milk production. The decrease in the daily amount of light promotes the animal's immunity.
- an accelerometer 14 or equivalent to measure the activity of the animal and determine the states of behavior of the animal such as for example the states of rumination, ingestion, rest, medium activity. , high activity, breeding period.
- the processor 25 of the central processing unit 20 is able to analyze the behavior of animals A over the long term in order to determine the individual behavioral profile of each animal.
- the processor 25 can integrate learning algorithms of the “machine learning” and / or “deep learning” type (Artificial Intelligence) to produce more information related to changes in activity and to the overall state of the animal.
- machine learning and / or “deep learning” type (Artificial Intelligence)
- deep learning Artificial Intelligence
- the information in particular relating to the behavioral states detected and / or the level of perceived brightness and / or the comfort parameter associated with the well-being of said animal as a function of the actual relative humidity RH calculated during the processing step S5 are used by machine learning and / or deep learning algorithms to produce more information related to changes in activity and the overall condition of the animal
- One of the advantages of the present invention is thus its capacity to provide information on the possible causes of change of activity, and, therefore, the assurance of assistance to the decision of the breeder in a more precise way than in the case of existing solutions.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1860342A FR3088168B1 (fr) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Surveillance du bien-etre et/ou du confort d'un animal d'elevage |
PCT/EP2019/080641 WO2020094825A1 (fr) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-11-08 | Surveillance du bien-etre et/ou du confort d'un animal d'elevage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3876708A1 true EP3876708A1 (fr) | 2021-09-15 |
Family
ID=65861398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19798084.0A Withdrawn EP3876708A1 (fr) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-11-08 | Surveillance du bien-etre et/ou du confort d'un animal d'elevage |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3876708A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3088168B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020094825A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021035154A2 (fr) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | Geissler Companies, Llc | Thermomètre vétérinaire et méthode de gestion de la santé animale tenant compte de la température ambiante et des conditions d'humidité |
FR3133518B1 (fr) | 2022-03-18 | 2024-03-08 | Myditek | Dispositif de surveillance d’un animal |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2661261A1 (fr) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-03 | Brian Larson | Systeme, dispositif et methode de surveillance de diverses conditions environnant un animal, et communication de ces conditions a un dispositif eloigne |
US8830068B2 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2014-09-09 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Multi-sensor environmental and physiological monitor system and methods of use |
NL2010098C2 (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-10 | Lely Patent Nv | Method and system for generating an oestrus attention signal for a cattle animal. |
WO2014199362A1 (fr) | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-18 | Dairymaster | Procede, dispositif et systeme pour determiner un etat d'un animal |
AT516566A1 (de) | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-15 | Smartbow Gmbh | Verfahren für das Gewinnen von quantifizierten Daten über die Wiederkäutätigkeit |
NL2015730B1 (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-24 | N V Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap | A method of monitoring the physical condition and/or suitability of animal feed of ruminant animals. |
-
2018
- 2018-11-09 FR FR1860342A patent/FR3088168B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-11-08 WO PCT/EP2019/080641 patent/WO2020094825A1/fr unknown
- 2019-11-08 EP EP19798084.0A patent/EP3876708A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3088168B1 (fr) | 2020-10-23 |
FR3088168A1 (fr) | 2020-05-15 |
WO2020094825A1 (fr) | 2020-05-14 |
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