EP3876247A1 - Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé - Google Patents

Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3876247A1
EP3876247A1 EP20160998.9A EP20160998A EP3876247A1 EP 3876247 A1 EP3876247 A1 EP 3876247A1 EP 20160998 A EP20160998 A EP 20160998A EP 3876247 A1 EP3876247 A1 EP 3876247A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
port
electrical equipment
sealing apparatus
main
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20160998.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Stirl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology GmbH filed Critical General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority to EP20160998.9A priority Critical patent/EP3876247A1/fr
Publication of EP3876247A1 publication Critical patent/EP3876247A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a sealing apparatus for a liquid-filled electrical equipment comprising a cavity filled with a dielectric liquid.
  • the invention also concerns an assembly comprising a sealing apparatus and an electrical equipment.
  • the invention applies to the field of electric power generation and transmission, and more precisely to electric power systems.
  • liquid-filled electrical equipment such as a liquid-filled power transformer or a shunt reactor.
  • Such an equipment comprises a casing defining a cavity, said cavity being filled with a dielectric liquid such as mineral oil or alternative insulation liquids like natural or synthetic ester.
  • a liquid-filled electrical equipment is provided with a conservator (also called “expansion tank”) to enable expansion and contraction of the dielectric liquid due to temperature changes.
  • a conservator also called “expansion tank”
  • temperature changes result, for instance, from daily and seasonal temperature variations of the environment surrounding the electrical equipment or from variations in loading.
  • the electrical equipment is free breathing with the external environment.
  • moisture and oxygen can ingress into the dielectric liquid, thereby changing its performance (for example by reducing the breakdown voltage capability or accelerating ageing due to oxidation) and affecting nominal operation of the electrical equipment.
  • moisture and oxygen may also be absorbed within a paper insulation system used in the electrical equipment, which may affect the performance and accelerate cellulose ageing (for example by oxidative or hydrolytic aging).
  • an elastic membrane also referred to as "rubber bag”, “hydro-compensator”, “bladder” or “air bag” configured to expand and contract to absorb thermal expansion and contraction of the dielectric liquid.
  • a purpose of the invention is to provide a sealing apparatus that is simpler and more robust and cost-efficient than such rubber bags.
  • the present invention is a sealing apparatus of the aforementioned type, comprising a conservator and a breather device, the breather device comprising a main port, an input port and an output port, and being configured to allow:
  • Such a sealing apparatus is designed so that, within a predetermined temperature range, corresponding to a predetermined nominal pressure range of the dielectric liquid in the electrical equipment, the electrical equipment is hermetically sealed.
  • a temperature range corresponds to the -25 °C to 100 °C range prescribed by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60076 series standards.
  • the claimed sealing apparatus has a pressure release capability, whereby breathing of the electrical equipment is allowed if a pressure within the cavity of the electrical equipment, that is to say a pressure at the main port of the breather device, is outside the nominal pressure range. This enhances safety.
  • breathing of the electrical equipment can be reduced to approximately less than 10% of the breathing occurring if the liquid-filled electrical equipment were left free breathing.
  • the claimed sealing apparatus can be designed so that it can be accessed, from ground level, while the liquid-filled electrical equipment is in service, thus allowing an operator to easily perform inspections.
  • the sealing apparatus includes one or more of the following features, taken alone or in any possible combination:
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising an electrical equipment and the sealing apparatus as defined above, the electrical equipment being a liquid-filled electrical equipment comprising a cavity filled with a dielectric liquid, the first port of the conservator of the sealing apparatus being connected to the cavity of the liquid-filled electrical equipment so that the internal volume is partially filled with dielectric liquid when a temperature of the dielectric liquid is within a predetermined nominal temperature range.
  • the assembly further comprises a Buchholz relay arranged between the first port of the conservator and the cavity of the liquid-filled electrical equipment.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising an electrical equipment and a sealing apparatus, the electrical equipment being a blanketed-tank electrical equipment comprising a cavity, a dielectric liquid and a blanketing gas being provided in the cavity, the blanketing gas forming a gas blanket arranged on top of the dielectric liquid, the sealing apparatus comprising a breather device including a main port, an input port and an output port, and configured to allow:
  • the assemblies defined above include one or more of the following features, taken alone or in any possible combination:
  • FIG. 1 An assembly 2 comprising a liquid-filled electrical equipment 4 connected to a sealing apparatus 6 according to the invention is shown on figure 1 .
  • the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4 is a transformer, such as a three-phase transformer, or a shunt reactor.
  • the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4 comprises a casing 8 defining a cavity 10, the cavity 10 being filled with a dielectric liquid 12.
  • the dielectric liquid 12 is mineral oil.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 is configured to provide hermetic sealing to the cavity 10 within a predetermined nominal pressure range inside the cavity 10, corresponding to a predetermined nominal temperature range (for instance -25 °C to 100 °C), while allowing for thermal expansion and contraction of the dielectric liquid 12.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 is also configured to allow for breathing of the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4 when the pressure within the cavity 10 is outside the nominal pressure range.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 comprises a conservator 14 and a breather device 16 connected to each other through a tubing 17.
  • the conservator 14 comprises an enclosure 18 defining an internal volume 20.
  • the enclosure 18 further comprises a first port 22 and a second port 24, distinct from the first port 22, the internal volume 20 being in fluid communication with each of the first port 22 and the second port 24.
  • the first port 22 of the conservator 14 is connected to the cavity 10 of the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4.
  • the enclosure 18 is partially filled with the dielectric liquid 12, a level of the dielectric liquid within the enclosure 18 rising and dropping with the thermal expansion and contraction of the dielectric liquid 12.
  • a Buchholz relay 25 is arranged between the first port 22 and the cavity 10.
  • the second port 24 is fluidically connected to the tubing 17.
  • the breather device 16 comprises a main port 26, an input port 28 and an output port 30.
  • the main port 26 is fluidically connected to the tubing 17, so that the main port 26 of the breather device 16 and the second port 24 of the conservator 14 are fluidically connected to each other.
  • the breather device 16 is configured to allow a first fluid flow from the main port 26 to the output port 30 if a pressure difference between the main port 26 and the output port 30 is higher than a predetermined overpressure threshold which is, for instance, equal to 200 mbar (millibar).
  • the breather device 16 is further configured to allow a second fluid flow from the input port 28 to the main port 26 if a pressure difference between the main port 26 and the input port 28 is lower than a predetermined under-pressure threshold which is, for instance, equal to -200 mbar.
  • the output port 30 is, for instance, in fluid communication with an exhaust environment, such as the atmosphere surrounding the assembly 2.
  • the input port 28 is fluidically connected to a gas supply 32 of the sealing apparatus 6.
  • the input port 28 is in fluid communication with a gas reservoir, such as the atmosphere surrounding the assembly 2, preferably through a gas drying part 32 (also referred to as “dehydrating breather”) connected to the input port 28 of the breather device 16 and configured to at least partly remove moisture from the second fluid flow.
  • a gas reservoir such as the atmosphere surrounding the assembly 2
  • a gas drying part 32 also referred to as “dehydrating breather”
  • the gas drying part 32 is a known silica gel dryer.
  • the input port 28 and the output port 30 form a single common port.
  • the breather device 16 comprises a first non-return valve 34 (also referred to as “check valve” or “unidirectional valve”) and a second non-return valve 36.
  • the first non-return valve is arranged between the main port 26 and the output port 30 and is configured to allow the first fluid flow if the pressure difference between the main port 26 and the output port 30 is higher than the overpressure threshold.
  • the second non-return valve 36 is arranged between the main port 26 and the input port 28 and is configured to allow the second fluid flow if the pressure difference between the main port 26 and the input port 28 is lower than the under-pressure threshold.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 further comprises a controller (not shown) configured to control the breather device 16 based on at least one predetermined control parameter. More precisely, the controller is configured to control the overpressure threshold and/or the under-pressure threshold, or a delay in the occurrence of the first fluid flow and/or the second fluid flow (if the corresponding condition relating to pressure difference is met), based on said at least one control parameter.
  • control parameter is a weather forecast (that is, a forecast of environmental conditions), or a load forecast.
  • the overpressure threshold and/or the under-pressure threshold typically include a safety margin to avoid any damage to the electrical equipment 4.
  • the controller may control the breather device 16 to adjust the overpressure threshold and/or the under-pressure threshold, or to apply a timely delay to the occurrence of the first fluid flow and/or the second fluid flow.
  • a first fluid flow can be prevented in case of overpressure in the electrical equipment 4 when it is already known that pressure might drop again very soon (because of a drop in load or in temperature, for instance).
  • Each of the first non-return valve 34 and the second non-return valve 36 is, for instance, a spring-operated valve.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 further comprises a safety valve 38.
  • the safety valve 38 comprises an inlet 40 and an outlet 42.
  • the inlet 40 is fluidically connected to the second port 24 of the conservator 14, for instance to the tubing 17, in parallel to the breather device 16.
  • the outlet 42 is, for instance, in fluid communication with the exhaust environment.
  • the safety valve 38 is configured to allow a third fluid flow from the inlet 40 to the outlet 42 if a pressure difference between the inlet 40 and the outlet 42 is higher than a predetermined safety threshold, the safety threshold being higher than or equal to the high pressure threshold.
  • the safety valve 38 acts as a protective device that prevents unacceptable excessive overpressure which could damage the casing 8 of the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4, and which may result from a failure of the breather device 16.
  • a pressure gauge 44 is also connected to the tubing 17 to provide a visual indication of the pressure within the sealing apparatus 6, preferably the pressure at the main port 26.
  • a pressure gauge (not shown) is connected to the casing 8 to provide a visual indication of the pressure within the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4.
  • the breather device 16 comprises a bidirectional valve (not shown) replacing the first non-return valve 34 and the second non-return valve 36.
  • the input port and output port are combined, forming a same common port. Nonetheless, operation of the breather device 16 remains unchanged, the bidirectional valve being arranged between the main port 26 and the common port and being configured:
  • the conservator 14 further comprises an elastic membrane (not shown) arranged within the enclosure 18 to provide a hermetic seal between the first port 22 and the second port 24.
  • the sealing apparatus 6 is preferably configured so that, after connection to the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4, the dielectric liquid 12 is in contact with a face of the elastic membrane that is on the side of the first port 22.
  • FIG. 2 A second embodiment of an assembly 102 comprising an electrical equipment 104 connected to a sealing apparatus 106 according to the invention is shown on figure 2 .
  • numeral references that are identical to those of figure 1 refer to the same parts.
  • the electrical equipment of the assembly 102 is a blanketed-tank electrical equipment.
  • the blanketed-tank electrical equipment 104 of figure 2 differs from the liquid-filled electrical equipment 4 of figure 1 in that its casing 8 defines a cavity 10 which is not completely filled with the dielectric liquid 12.
  • a gas blanket 113 is provided in the cavity 10, on top of the dielectric liquid 12.
  • the gas blanket 113 is made of a blanketing gas 114, generally a dry inert gas, such as nitrogen or dry air, which advantageously acts as a buffer layer that prevents air and moisture from coming into contact with the dielectric liquid 12.
  • a blanketing gas 114 generally a dry inert gas, such as nitrogen or dry air, which advantageously acts as a buffer layer that prevents air and moisture from coming into contact with the dielectric liquid 12.
  • the sealing apparatus 106 does not comprise a conservator.
  • the main port 26 of the breather device 16 is directly connected to the cavity 10 (through the tubing 17) and leads to the gas blanket 113.
  • the assembly 102 is configured so that, within the nominal temperature range, the dielectric liquid 12 does not flow from the blanketed-tank electrical equipment 104 in the sealing apparatus 106, but only the blanketing gas 114 does. In other words, within the nominal temperature range, the dielectric liquid 12 is confined by the gas blanket 113 in the cavity 10 of the blanketed-tank electrical equipment 104.
EP20160998.9A 2020-03-04 2020-03-04 Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé Pending EP3876247A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20160998.9A EP3876247A1 (fr) 2020-03-04 2020-03-04 Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20160998.9A EP3876247A1 (fr) 2020-03-04 2020-03-04 Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3876247A1 true EP3876247A1 (fr) 2021-09-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20160998.9A Pending EP3876247A1 (fr) 2020-03-04 2020-03-04 Appareil d'étanchéité pour un équipement électrique rempli de liquide et ensemble associé

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EP (1) EP3876247A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883830A (en) * 1931-02-28 1932-10-18 Gen Electric Electrical induction apparatus
US5946171A (en) * 1995-09-28 1999-08-31 Magnier; Philippe Method and device for prevention against explosion and fire of electrical transformers
EP3404678A1 (fr) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Ensemble à haute tension et procédé de fonctionnement de l'ensemble à haute tension

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1883830A (en) * 1931-02-28 1932-10-18 Gen Electric Electrical induction apparatus
US5946171A (en) * 1995-09-28 1999-08-31 Magnier; Philippe Method and device for prevention against explosion and fire of electrical transformers
EP3404678A1 (fr) * 2017-05-17 2018-11-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Ensemble à haute tension et procédé de fonctionnement de l'ensemble à haute tension

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