EP3875704A1

EP3875704A1 - Pitched roof

Info

Publication number: EP3875704A1
Application number: EP21020120.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kokes Premysl
Original assignee: Emet Inovation SRO
Current assignee: NEBESYS A.S.
Priority date: 2020-03-05
Filing date: 2021-03-03
Publication date: 2021-09-08
Also published as: CZ2020116A3; CZ308802B6

Abstract

The pitched roof is formed by overlapping roofing segments provided with vents and forming a roof top layer and by waterproofing light-transmitting panel members forming a water-resistant roof bottom layer, wherein the roofing segments with the vents and the light-transmitting members define an interspace therebetween for supply of water or discharge of water vapours. A water conduit with an outfall arranged adjacent to a lap of the roofing segments in the interspace between the roofing segments and the light-transmitting panel member. The vents are a result of waterjet cutting into the stone roofing segments or a result of waterjet cutting into the ceramic roofing segments in uncured condition before burning ceramic material.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a pitched roof.

Background of the Invention

The roofs of houses are made of roofing segments, made mainly of sheet metal, glass, burned ceramic materials, plastic, and other materials, which mainly prevent the water from penetration into a space under the roof. Previously known roofing segments are mostly light-tight to prevent the space under the roof from heating up. Especially for the glass roofs, it is necessary to prevent massive heat penetration into the space under the roof.
JP2006144318 discloses a roof formed by thin large metal panels arranged on steel supporting beams and provided with a number of vents forming perforations. Translucent panels are placed on the perforated metal panels, which can be lifted by means of lifting tools from the large metal panels, on which they are arranged in their initial position. The translucent panels ensure sufficient passage of daylight into the space under the roof. A complex mechanism is required to lift the translucent panels. Between the translucent panels and the thin large metal panels, a space is created, into which air can flow across from the space under the roof through a system of vents of perforated large metal panels. However, the translucent panels are heated by sunlight and significantly disrupt the airflow in the interspace therebetween and the perforated large metal panels. The roof as a whole does not, in principle, contribute to controlling the temperature in the space under the roof.

Summary of the Invention

The object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a pitched roof allowing daylight to penetrate into the space under the roof using the previously known shapes of roofing segments and, at the same time, providing improved cooling of the space under the roof. Another object of the invention is to improve the cooling of the roofing segments through an enhanced natural air flow around the roofing segments. Another object of the invention is to utilize the cooling effect of water, in particular rainwater.
The drawbacks of the prior art are eliminated, and the object of the invention is substantially fulfilled by a pitched roof formed by overlapping roofing segments provided with vents and forming a roof top layer and by waterproofing light-transmitting panel members forming a water-resistant roof bottom layer, wherein the roofing segments with the vents and the light-transmitting members define an interspace therebetween for supply of water or discharge or water vapours.
The vents of the roofing segments can advantageously be a result of water jet cutting into the stone roofing segments. Preferably, the vents of the roofing segments can be a result of water jet cutting into the ceramic roofing segments in uncured condition before burning the ceramic material. Preferably, a water conduit with an outfall is arranged adjacent to a lap of the roofing segments in the interspace between the roofing segments and the light-transmitting panel member. Preferably, in the interspace between the roofing segments and the light-transmitting panel member, an outfall of water vapour suction line can be arranged in the vertical direction in the upper part of the interspace. Preferably, the vents of the roofing segments can pass through the roofing segments at an inclination angle of γ = 0° to 60° from the normal perpendicular to the roofing segments. Preferably, the vents of the roofing segments can be passing-through with a diameter m higher than the depth n of the vents wherein the roof pitch angle β is less than or equal to 45°.
The advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is an improvement of cooling of the roofing segments through an enhanced natural air flow around the roofing segments. In addition, the advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is utilization of the cooling effect of water, in particular rainwater, to cool the space under the roof. The advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is the ability of massive penetration of daylight through vents in roofing segments into the space under the roof, the possibility to pre-select the inclination angle of drilling in the roof covering depending on the needs of a particular house, the height, surroundings thereof, and other circumstances. In the direction of the selected inclination angle of drilling, the passage of light rays and visibility are unlimited. Preferably, multiple drilling directions can be selected to ensure a clear view through the roof to the outside surroundings. Another advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is the possibility of rainwater flowing through the vents in the roofing segments. The rainwater flow provides cleaning of the light-transmitting panel members of the bottom roof layer. By appropriate choice of the diameter and angle of drilling inclination, it is possible to guarantee the rainwater penetrates into the space under the roof.
Evaporation of rainwater from the surface of light-transmitting panel members makes them cooled. Alternatively, at a given roof pitch angle and a given inclination angle of the vents, an appropriate choice of the vent diameter may ensure the rainwater flows down the roof covering and does not flow through the roofing segments. By appropriate choice of the diameter and angle of drilling inclination, it is possible to prevent the rainwater from penetration into the interspace. According to a preferred embodiment, the vents can be formed depending on the material used, wherein this is a shearing perforation or a cut-out using a laser or water jet for the sheet-metal roofing; only cut-outs using the water jet are suitable for segments with less forming ability and increased brittleness, such as ceramics or slate. The vent shapes can be both circular and oval, with vertical walls, but also circular and oval with a sloping wall, which forms the funnel shape of the cut-out. Preferably, the vent widens towards the interior, and, although there is a relatively small hole on the surface, an improved light transmission into the interior is provided, as well as the viewing angle expands using this solution. Another advantage is the use of the shape of the roofing segment commonly made of ceramics and preferable production thereof from glass, i.e., a completely transparent material, where the surface is covered with a thin layer of ceramic of 0.1-0.9 mm in thickness, wherein the vents for the light transmission are omitted in the film produced in such way and the ceramic layer is burnt together with the glass support. The advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is the combination of roofing segments with a light-transmitting panel, bringing a further substantial improvement in the cooling characteristics of the roof due to targeted ventilation through height-separated vents in the interspace between the roofing segments and the light-transmitting panel. Pre-treated water can be supplied in a targeted way into the interspace between the roof covering and the light-transmitting panel members. Further, the advantage of the roof covering of the invention is utilization of the cooling effect of rainwater. Free passage of air causes cooling of light-transmitting panels and, thus, of the interior space under the roof. Also, a significant advantage of the pitched roof of the invention is utilization of the cooling effect of the rainwater or the water forcedly supplied into the interspace. The advantage of the pitched roof according to the invention is also the possibility of water vapour extraction from the interspace between the roof covering and the light-transmitting panel members.

Explanation of Drawings

The roof of the invention is illustrated in the drawings where

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of the roof;
Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through the top and bottom layers of the roof.
Fig. 3 shows a vertical section through the roofing segment.

Example Embodiment of the Invention

According to Fig. 1, the roof truss is formed by beams 6 arranged in the longitudinal direction between the ridge 2 and the foot part 3 of the roof 1. The beams 6 of the roof truss have an angle of inclination β with respect to the horizontal. A light-transmitting panel member 7 is arranged on the beams 6 of the roof truss, which forms a water-resistant bottom layer of the pitched roof. On the transverse grillage 18, formed by transversely arranged slats, roofing segments 5 are arranged, which form the top layer of the pitched roof. The roofing covering parts 5 are connected to each other by means of overlaps from the ridge 2 to the foot part 3 provided with a gutter 4. At their ends, the roofing segments 5 are provided with suspension nibs and overlap each other at the lap points. At the lap points, the lower overlapped segment is always leaned on a transverse grillage 18. The roofing segments 5 are provided with vents 11. The vents 11 allow a view through the roofing segments 5. Between the roofing segments 5 with vents 11 and the light-transmitting panel members 7, there is an interspace 12, into which a water supply or water vapour outlet (not shown) is ended up.
According to Fig. 2, the roofing segments 5, forming the top layer 8 of the roof 1, overlap each other by the ends thereof provided with suspension nibs. Adjacent to the lap points, the roofing segments 5 are arranged on the beams of the transverse grillage 18. The roofing segments 5 are provided with a set of vents 11 to allow visibility and the passage of rainwater into the space under the roofing segments 5. The bottom layer 9 of the roof 1 consists of a set of light-transmitting panel members 7 arranged on the beams of the transverse grillage 18. The light-transmitting panel members 7 are sealed to each other, thus forming a water-resistant bottom layer of the roof. An additional light-transmitting panel member, for example of tempered glass, can preferably be mounted under the water-resistant layer of light-transmitting panels. Between the roofing segments 5 and the light-transmitting panel members 7, there is an interspace 12, into which a water conduit 14 ends up through the outfall 13. A water vapour suction line 16, arranged in the vertical direction in the upper part of the interspace 12, ends up into the interspace 12 through the outfall 15. The interspace 12 allows water to flow from the outfall 13 of the water conduit 14 and flow down along the top surfaces of the light-transmitting panel members 7. In order for the water to discharge, the interspace 12 is open in the foot part 3 of the roof, preferably into the gutter u. The system of light-transmitting panel members 7 can be easily flowed around by water from the water conduit 14. By flowing the water around and evaporating thereof, the light-transmitting panel members 7 are cooled and, thus, they cool the interior of the house under the roof 1. For a more efficient evaporation of water from the surface of the light-transmitting panel members 7, a suction line 16 is preferably ended up into the interspace 12 through the outfall 15.
According to Fig. 3, the vents 11 in the roofing segments 5 have a diameter or the largest width m in the longitudinal direction of the roof, a depth n and are inclined at an angle x from the horizontal. For technological reasons, it is preferable for the vents 11 to pass through the roofing segments 5 at an angle x = 0° - 60° from the normal α perpendicular to the roofing segments 5. In the case the rainwater is required to flow reliably through the vents 11, the vents 11 have a diameter m or the largest width m higher than the depth n of the vents 11 at a roof pitch angle of less than 45°. On the contrary, the rainwater can be required not to penetrate through the vents 11. In such a case, an appropriate ratio of the diameter m and the depth n of the vent 11 can be chosen for a specific roof pitch angle β and for a specific axis inclination angle of the vent 11 from the normal perpendicular to the roof. The diameter m or the largest width m of the vents 11 can be chosen in a sufficient range to meet both the requirements for rainwater penetration and the requirements for the roof transparency, at a given pitch angle of the roof 1 and at the thickness of the roofing segments 5.

Claims

The pitched roof,
characterized in that
the roof is formed by overlapping roofing segments (5) provided with vents (11) and forming a roof top layer and by waterproofing light-transmitting panel members (7, 19) forming a water-resistant roof (1) bottom layer, wherein the roofing segments (5) with the vents (11) and the light-transmitting members (7, 19) define an interspace (12) therebetween for supply of water or discharge of water vapours.
The pitched roof according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the vents (11) are a result of waterjet cutting into the stone roofing segments (5).
The pitched roof according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the vents (11) are a result of waterjet cutting into the ceramic roofing segments (5) in uncured condition before burning ceramic material.
The pitched roof according to any of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by
a water conduit (14) with an outfall (13) arranged adjacent to a lap (17) of the roofing segments (5) in the interspace (12) between the roofing segments (5) and the light-transmitting panel member (7, 19).
The pitched roof according to any of claims 1 to 4,
characterized by
an outfall (15) of water vapour suction line (16) arranged in the vertical direction in the upper part of the interspace (12) in the interspace (12) between the roofing segments (15) and the light-transmitting panel member (7, 19).
The pitched roof according to the claim 1,
characterized in that
the vents (11) of the roofing segments (5) pass through the roofing segments (5) with the axes thereof at an inclination angle of γ = 0° to 60° from the normal (α) perpendicular to the roofing segment (5).
The pitched roof according to the claim 1 or 6,
characterized in that
the vents (11) of the roofing segments (5) are passing-through and have a diameter (m) higher than the depth (n) of the vent (11), wherein the roof pitch angle β is less than or equal to 45°.