EP3874153A1 - Rotorblatt für eine windenergieanlage und windenergieanlage - Google Patents
Rotorblatt für eine windenergieanlage und windenergieanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP3874153A1 EP3874153A1 EP19798239.0A EP19798239A EP3874153A1 EP 3874153 A1 EP3874153 A1 EP 3874153A1 EP 19798239 A EP19798239 A EP 19798239A EP 3874153 A1 EP3874153 A1 EP 3874153A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- local maximum
- rotor
- trailing edge
- longitudinal direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
- F05B2250/18—Geometry two-dimensional patterned
- F05B2250/183—Geometry two-dimensional patterned zigzag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates in particular to a rotor blade for a wind energy installation and an associated wind energy installation.
- the invention also relates to a method for reducing the tonality of a wind turbine.
- a sound emission control device for a wind energy installation with a sound emission spectrum that has at least one single-tone frequency
- the sound emission control device at least one active sound source that is designed to mask noise in a frequency band around the at least one single-tone frequency to emit in at least one spatial direction
- a control device which is designed to control the at least one active sound source as a function of at least one operating parameter of the wind energy installation.
- the above-described method and the above-described device are particularly characterized by the need for the active sound source. This requires an additional component that is controlled via a further control to be provided.
- the solution described above is therefore complex and complex, and the additional components also make it costly.
- German Patent and Trademark Office researched the following prior art: DE 102012104604 A1, DE 102015008812 A1, US 2014/0093380 A1, WO 2013/075718 A1 and WO 2015/195327 A1.
- a rotor blade for a wind energy installation with a rotor blade trailing edge extending along a longitudinal direction of the rotor blade between the rotor blade root and the rotor blade tip is proposed.
- a course of the thickness of the rotor blade has a local maximum in the area of the rear edge of the rotor blade along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade.
- a thickness profile in the area of the rear edge of the rotor blade thus has a local maximum.
- the local maximum is created, for example, by thickening the rear edge and widening the sound emission spectrum.
- the rear edge is preferably as thin as possible, especially in an outer area of the rotor blade, preferably from 50% and particularly preferably from 75% rotor radius. It should be thickened deliberately in a restricted area, which reduces the psychoacoustic nuisance of the sound emission, in particular caused by a tonality, since this tonality peak is masked by raising or increasing the level of the spectrum in a restricted frequency range and thus in dominance over the other components of the spectrum loses.
- a sound for example generated by structural vibrations, excited by the generator or possibly also a gearbox, is therefore overlaid with a more or less broadband noise and is therefore more difficult to hear.
- a region of the rotor blade trailing edge is considered in particular a region of 60% to 100% of the chord direction from the leading edge.
- the range preferably comprises 80% to 100% and particularly preferably exactly the thickness at the rear edge.
- the shapes and configurations of the rear edge are not restricted, so that thick / blunt rear edges can also be provided at least in sections on the rotor blade.
- a surprisingly advantageous effect on the tonality peak can be produced by a simple, constructive design of the region of the rear edge, for example by thickening on the pressure and / or the suction side of the rotor blade.
- different frequencies can be masked.
- the rotor blade preferably has a plurality of local maxima, each of which makes different frequencies less audible to viewers by masking.
- the thickness of the rear edge of the rotor blade initially decreases in both directions along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade. Accordingly, it is excluded that the local maximum in this version is initially, i.e. in the root area, or at the end, i.e. located at the tip of the leaf.
- the position of the local maximum can be adapted to the requirements, in particular the sound properties.
- the course of the trailing edge of the rotor blade in the longitudinal direction is particularly preferably continuous and differentiable, that is to say in particular has no kink or step.
- the rear edge of the rotor blade is preferably closed, that is to say that an essentially continuous or continuous surface connects the pressure side and the suction side in the region of the rear edge of the rotor blade.
- the space between the pressure side and the suction side in the region of the rear edge of the rotor blade is preferably closed.
- the local maximum is arranged within a range from 60% to 95% of a blade radius of the rotor blade.
- a thickening which leads, for example, to the local maximum, can therefore preferably be arranged in a region lying relatively far outside on the rotor blade.
- the thickening which is exemplary in this case can be in front of serrations or other attachments, i.e. further within the blade radius, or between the serrations, the serrations preferably being interrupted in the latter case. This enables a particularly advantageous avoidance of tonality peaks.
- the local maximum is arranged within a range from 90% to 95% of the blade radius.
- the frequency f depends on the speed n (f ⁇ n). If the thickening is far out, in particular in the particularly preferred range of 90% to 95% of the blade radius, the frequency follows the frequency of the tonality. At high speeds, a Doppler effect also occurs, so that two frequency peaks occur instead of just one. Strictly speaking, the Doppler effect defines a frequency range with a lower and upper cut-off frequency, which result from the Doppler shift
- the rotor blade trailing edge at 70% to 95% blade radius has a plurality of serrations for influencing the flow behavior at the rotor blade trailing edge and the local maximum is arranged in the region of the serrations, the rotor blade trailing edge having no serrations at the position of the local maximum.
- the serrations are, for example, serrations known to the person skilled in the art, which may also have geometries that differ from the exact serrated shape. By interrupting the serrations at the position of the local maximum, a particularly effective improvement in the audible noise development is possible.
- the thickness profile of the rear edge of the rotor blade runs at least in sections along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade.
- the course which is at least sectionally wound, has the advantage that no new undesirable noises arise in other or adjacent frequency ranges.
- the thickening that leads to the local maximum can take any geometrically meaningful shape or course, including a trigonometric shape, a normally distributed shape, a Poisson distribution and all other possible shapes and courses.
- the course can either be symmetrical about the local maximum or on one of the two sides, i.e. run asymmetrically in the direction of the rotor blade root or in the direction of the rotor blade tip. All combinations are possible.
- the local maximum of the profile thickness in the region of the rear edge of the rotor blade is 3 to 6 cm, preferably 4 to 5 cm. With these dimensions, it has been found that the thickening that leads to the local maximum acoustically attenuates precisely the tonality peaks that typically occur in wind energy plants.
- the rotor blade has a pressure-side surface and a suction-side surface which are separated from one another by the rear edge of the rotor blade, and the thickness profile of the rear edge of the rotor blade, which has the local maximum, is due to a thickening on the suction-side surface of the rotor blade and / or the pressure-side Pronounced area in the area of the rear edge of the rotor blade.
- the thickening can accordingly protrude on the pressure side and / or on the suction side from the environment.
- the extent of the thickening in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade is preferably determined by deriving the thickness profile, it being possible to use a threshold value, for example zero or a value other than zero, as a limitation of the thickening.
- a curvature course of the thickness course i.e. the second derivative.
- the thickening along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade has a longitudinal extent of between 3% and 30%, preferably between 10% and 25% and particularly preferably between 15% and 20% of the blade radius.
- the rotor blade also has a rotor blade leading edge, the thickening along a transverse direction between the rotor blade trailing edge and the rotor blade leading edge having a transverse extent of between 20% and 50% of a profile depth of the rotor blade.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by a wind energy installation with a tower, a nacelle and a rotor, the rotor comprising at least one rotor blade according to the invention.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by a wind farm with at least two wind energy plants according to the invention.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by a method for reducing the tonality of a rotor blade, comprising establishing a local maximum of a thickness profile of the rotor blade along a longitudinal direction of the rotor blade in the region of a length that extends along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade between the rotor blade root and the rotor blade tip Trailing edge of the rotor blade.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically and exemplarily a wind turbine.
- Fig. 2 schematically and exemplarily the effect of tonality.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically and exemplarily a thickness curve over a rotor blade length.
- Fig. 4 schematically and exemplarily a top view of a rotor blade.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine according to the invention.
- the wind turbine 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102.
- An aerodynamic rotor 106 with three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104.
- the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set into a rotational movement by the wind during operation of the wind energy installation and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or rotor of a generator, which is directly or indirectly coupled to the aerodynamic rotor 106.
- the electrical generator is arranged in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy.
- the pitch angles of the rotor blades 108 can be changed by pitch motors on the rotor blade roots of the respective rotor blades 108.
- the rotor blades 108 each have a front edge 120 and a rear edge 122. Front edge 120 and rear edge 122 are connected to one another via a pressure-side surface 124 and a suction-side surface 126.
- the rotor blade 108 extends a rotor blade length R in a longitudinal direction of the rotor blade from a rotor blade root 128 to a rotor blade tip 129.
- the rotor blades 108 have a thickening 130, at least in the region of the rear edge 122, which according to the invention reduces or prevents the tonality
- FIG. 2 shows schematically and by way of example the effect of tonality in a logarithmic diagram 200 on both sides, in which the sound pressure log p is plotted on the vertical axis over the frequency log f.
- a tonality of an overall noise development 205 of the wind energy installation 100 is clearly visible in the diagram 200, which is expressed in a sound pressure peak 210. Tonality or tonality of a noise is present when single tones can be heard within the noise. The tonality generally increases the possible disturbing effect of a noise considerably.
- the sound pressure peak 210 is generally caused by vibrations, in particular large surfaces, for example tower, nacelle cladding, rotor blade. These vibrations usually arise from mechanical forces in the generator or in the gearbox and are propagated through the structure to the respective radiation location.
- the sound pressure peak 210 is masked by the solution according to the invention in that the thickened rear edge generates an additional noise source, which covers a larger frequency range than the sound pressure peak 210. With sufficient masking. This means that if a flatter hill 220 is formed, the sound pressure peak 210 is then no longer to be assessed as tonality, in particular according to DIN EN 61400-11: 2013-09.
- the frequency of the sound generated at the rear edge is related to the reciprocal of the thickness of the rear edge, i.e. the thicker the trailing edge at a point, the lower the frequency of the trailing edge noise generated at that point. According to the invention, as schematically and exemplarily illustrated in FIG. 3, this is achieved by varying a trailing edge thickness H of the rotor blade. 3 shows a thickness curve 300 with a thickness H of the trailing edge on the vertical axis and a rotor blade longitudinal position r in relation to the entire rotor blade length R.
- the thickness curve 300 shows the known decreasing curve 310 in the area near the hub.
- a local maximum 320 of thickness H is now provided in a leaf area located further out.
- the local maximum 320 is in particular in a range between 60% and 95% of the relative blade radius r.
- FIG. 4 finally shows a top view of a rotor blade 108 according to the invention, in which a thickening 130 can be seen schematically.
- the result of the thickening 130 is that the local maximum 320 of the trailing edge thickness H is set as shown in FIG. 3.
- the thickening 130 extends over the entire profile depth perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade.
- thickenings 130 are also possible only have a course formed on the rear edge 122 and extend, for example, over half the profile depth.
- rear edge serrations or serrations 132 which are also known under the name serrations, can be arranged on the rear edge. Preferably no serrations 132 are arranged in the area of the thickening 130.
- the thickening 130 is preferably arranged in the range from 60% to 95%, in particular in the outer region from 90% to 95%, since the interference noises occur in this region, which may result in the required amplitude of the masking noise.
- the size and extent of the thickening 130 must be adapted to the dimensions of the rotor blade and of the entire wind turbine 100.
- a plurality of thickenings 130 can also be provided over the rotor blade length R.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018127367.3A DE102018127367A1 (de) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Rotorblatt für eine Windenergieanlage und Windenergieanlage |
| PCT/EP2019/079910 WO2020089431A1 (de) | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-31 | Rotorblatt für eine windenergieanlage und windenergieanlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3874153A1 true EP3874153A1 (de) | 2021-09-08 |
Family
ID=68468701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19798239.0A Withdrawn EP3874153A1 (de) | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-31 | Rotorblatt für eine windenergieanlage und windenergieanlage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3874153A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113167218A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018127367A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020089431A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022104017A1 (de) | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-24 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Rotorblatt einer Windenergieanlage |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1112928B1 (de) * | 1999-12-31 | 2010-12-15 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Flügelprofil mit leistungs-steigernder Hinterkante |
| EP2366891B1 (de) * | 2010-03-18 | 2014-07-23 | Nordex Energy GmbH | Windenergieanlagenrotorblatt |
| DE102010026588B4 (de) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-06-14 | Nordex Energy Gmbh | Windenergieanlagenrotorblatt mit optimierter Hinterkante |
| US8414261B2 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2013-04-09 | General Electric Company | Noise reducer for rotor blade in wind turbine |
| WO2013075718A1 (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2013-05-30 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | A wind turbine blade |
| US9151270B2 (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2015-10-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Flatback slat for wind turbine |
| DK177533B1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-09-08 | Envision Energy Denmark Aps | Trailing edge tape |
| US20140093380A1 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-04-03 | General Electric Company | Noise reduction tab and method for wind turbine rotor blade |
| US9377005B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-06-28 | General Electric Company | Airfoil modifiers for wind turbine rotor blades |
| DK2908001T3 (da) * | 2014-02-12 | 2017-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Midler til dæmpning af belastning på en vindmøllerotorvinge |
| CN106460788A (zh) * | 2014-06-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西门子公司 | 用于风力涡轮机叶片的降噪器 |
| DE102015008812A1 (de) | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-12 | Senvion Gmbh | Schallemissionssteuerungsvorrichtung für eine Windenergieanlage, Windenergieanlage und Verfahren zur Schallemissionssteuerung |
-
2018
- 2018-11-02 DE DE102018127367.3A patent/DE102018127367A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-10-31 WO PCT/EP2019/079910 patent/WO2020089431A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-31 CN CN201980072660.1A patent/CN113167218A/zh active Pending
- 2019-10-31 EP EP19798239.0A patent/EP3874153A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020089431A1 (de) | 2020-05-07 |
| CN113167218A (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
| DE102018127367A1 (de) | 2020-05-07 |
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