EP3871315A1

EP3871315A1 - An alternating current synchronous motor and a control method

Info

Publication number: EP3871315A1
Application number: EP18938168.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kamil KAYNAR; Recep DOGAN
Original assignee: Rotech Motor Teknolojileri San Ve Tic AS
Current assignee: Rotech Motor Teknolojileri San Ve Tic AS
Priority date: 2018-10-25
Filing date: 2018-10-25
Publication date: 2021-09-01
Also published as: WO2020086009A1; EP3871315A4

Abstract

The invention is an alternating current synchronous motor (1) which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency has the rotors (2) and windings (3) wherein; it comprises a magnetic field ring (4) used to rotate the magnetic field formed on the windings (3), and a driver card (5) which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor (1) through developed alternating current synchronous motor control method (A).

Description

AN ALTERNATING CURRENT SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

AND A CONTROL METHOD

Technical Field

The invention relates to an alternating current synchronous motor and a control method.

The invention is specifically relates to an alternating current synchronous motor and a control method, which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency.

Prior Art

Energy-saving fans based on energy-saving motors (ESM) are in demand for many applications today. This especially applies to devices with a high duty cycle, such as air- conditioning and refrigerating systems. In order to lower energy consumption considerably, both the aerodynamic design of the rotor, blade and housing as well as the development of energy-saving motors that work very efficiently are important.

In the current technique, the motors used consist of four main groups.

Rotor: It is the moving part of the motor and it can be produced in two different types as inner rotor and outer rotor.

Stator: It is the fixed part of the motor, the pole windings are located on this part and it consists of interlocking sheet metal packages.

Windings: The parts of the motor that converts the electric energy to magnetic energy. They are produced with enamelled wires and can be one or more in number according to the motor type.

Bearings: It is the part that carries the motor shaft and the motor rotates on these bearings. They are manufactured from different materials according to the area of using.

Today, the most important problem in motor manufacturing techniques used in the current technique is that the motor loses most of its electrical energy get from the electric network as heat without converting it to kinetic energy. The most important reason for this is that the stator packages are manufactured with interlocking sheet metals while the motor is being manufactured. The iron losses on this part are very high, and the one phase alternating current synchronous motors that are already produced can operate with a maximum efficiency of 27%.

As a result of the literature search on the subject, a utility model application no CN207218491 with the name Shaded Pole Asynchronous Motor is found. The utility model relates to a shaded pole asynchronous motor. The main stator positions the rotor in the stator center, with the stator assistant. It is mentioned as due to the negative and positive magnetic field, the motor operates without any noise. Yet, there is no mention of an alternating current synchronous motor and a control method, which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency.

As a result, due to the above-mentioned drawbacks and the inadequacy of the existing solutions, an improvement in the technical field has been required.

The Purpose of Invention

The invention is inspired by the existing circumstances and aims to solve the above- mentioned drawbacks.

The main purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency and performance of the alternating current synchronous motor. Self-magnetic magnets are used in the alternating current synchronous motor. With these magnets, losses are reduced. In addition, the sheet metal packages used in alternating current synchronous motors cause high losses. Within the new invention, used sheet metal packages are reduced and power losses are prevented. Since the sheet metal packages used on the alternating current synchronous motor are in small quantities, the losses are also reduced. Due toup to 85% efficiency is achieved with this type of motors.

In order to fulfill the above mentioned purposes, the invention is an alternating current synchronous motor which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency with the rotors and windings it comprises, wherein; it comprises a magnetic field ring used to rotate the magnetic field formed on the windings, and a driver card which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor through developed alternating current synchronous motor and control method.

The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be understood clearly, due to the drawings below and in the detailed description made by referring these figures therefore the estimination should be made by taking these figures and detailed explanation into consideration.

Brief Description of the Figures

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an alternating current synchronous motor of the invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of an alternating current synchronous motor and the related control method of the invention.

Reference Numbers

1. Alternating current synchronous motor

2. Rotor

3. Windings

4. Magnetic Field Ring

5. Driver card

A. Alternating Current synchronous motor control method

B. Alignment

C. Waiting and stepping over

D. EMF measurement

E. EMF measurement result

F. Verification of direction

G. Calculation of rotor position

H. Calculation of rotor speed

i. Motor status

J. Commutation A

K. Measurement of rotor speed synchronization

L. Phase error calculation

M. Calculation of the ignition angle

N. Commutation B Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the preferred structures of the alternating current synchronous motor and the control method of the invention are described only for a better understanding of the subject.

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) of the invention. The invention is an alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency with the rotors (2) and windings (3) it includes, wherein; it comprises a magnetic field ring (4) used to rotate the magnetic field formed on the windings (3), and a driver card (5) which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) through developed alternating current synchronous motor control method (A). The heat losses on the magnetic field ring (4) used instead of the stator pack are reduced due to the low amount of iron. Due to this fact, the rotor field speed and the magnetic field speed can be adjusted in a shorter period of time. Accordingly, efficiency and performance are increased.

Figure 2 shows a schematic view of an alternating current synchronous motor control method (A) of the invention. The invention is an alternating current synchronous motor control method (A), which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) through the driver card (5); wherein, it comprises, an alignment (B) step with the use of the first coil to align the motor,

following the alignment (B) step of the process, waiting and stepping over (C) step with taking forward or holding the coil,

EMF measurement (D) with measuring EMF until starting position of the rotor (2) is found,

obtaining EMF measurement results (E) following the EMF measurement (D) step, verification of direction (F) and/or measurement of rotor speed synchronization (K) at the end of the control of the data from the EMF measurement result (E),

motor status (i) according to rotor position calculation (G) and rotor speed calculation (FI) with verification of direction (F),

phase error calculation (L) and ignition angle calculation (M) through rotor speed synchronization measurement (K),

commutation A (J) with motor status (i) and/or commutation B (N) with ignition angle calculation (M), and as a result of the commutation A (J) and/or commutation B (N), re-checking of the whole cycle.

In the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ), the windings (3) are placed in a circle pattern to form an exact 360° angle difference. In the alternating current synchronous motor control method (A) an AC voltage is applied to the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) coils. When the voltage applied until the starting position of the rotor (2) is found, namely at the alignment (B) step, the opposite EMF measurement (D) is performed on the rotor (2) of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ). And the position is set through the waiting and stepping over (C) step.

When the opposite EMF measurement result (E) is equalized with the supply voltage given, each coil winding is fed with the aid of triacs in order. EMF measurement result (E) is controlled via rotor through verification of direction (F), rotor position calculation (G) and/or rotor speed calculation (FI).

When the rotational speed of the rotor (2) and the magnetic field speed are equalized through the rotor speed synchronization measurement (K), phase error calculation (L) and ignition angle calculation (M), according to the method step of motor status (i), the triacs continue to feed the coil windings (3) in the proper positions in such a way that the number of cycles is equal with the continuous supply frequency.

In case of rotor position calculation (G) changes, this network frequency is changed by means of driver card (5) with microprocessor, and the frequency of the rotor (2) and the rotational frequency of the magnetic field are equalized by the steps of the commutation A (J) and/or commutation B (N). As the heat losses occurring on the magnetic field ring (4) used instead of the stator package will be reduced due to the low amount of iron, magnetic field speed of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) and the rotor (2) speed are synchronized because they are equalized in a shorter period of time. In this way, the efficiency of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) is increased because the current gotten from the electricity network will decrease.

Alternating current, over the triacs, applied one one or a few pairs of coils. Meanwhile, the triac doors connected to the coil ends are closed by a microprocessor. When the triac doors are closed, the opposite EMF measurement (D) of the rotor (2) is executed. Using this information, it is possible to bring a non-rotating rotor (2) back to the starting position. Generally, the two coils lightly give energy to both coiling to center the rotor (2) between the two windings (3). The rotor (2) is then took forward by controlling the cyclic energy to maintain the rotating area in front of the rotor (2) until the rotor (2) reaches a simultaneous speed by energizing a half of the winding (3) to initiate the desired rotation.

It is possible to exceed 90 degrees by using the controlled areas of two windings (3). The detection of the opposite EMF allows the determination of the rotor (2) delay and the control of individual windings (3) to ensure that the rotor (2) is precisely synchronized in the delay factors above 90 degrees.

In the beginning, the rotor (2) can be aligned at any point and the rotation may be in either direction. For this, the procedure starting from the verification of direction (F) step is applied. In this way, the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) can be set at a selected output speed and kept at this speed, regardless of whether it is synchronized with the selected AC. In addition, phase failure or delay can be controlled to at least some degree to ensure the highest possible efficiency. At the rotor (2) speeds, the rotor speed under synchronization is most easily controlled by a triac or a similarly triggered switching device. For this reason, the number of AC cycles per rotor return is divided by the number of poles, and triac can be triggered later. The rotation of the rotor (2) in each successive cycle set is triggered at the same point. The rotor speeds, 1 /5, 1 /4, 1 /3, 2/5, 1 /2, 2/3 etc. of the full synchronous speed, for which control is most easily achieved are provided by the microprocessor on the driver card (5). The microprocessor can be arranged to continue through such a series to bring the rotor to full synchronous speed.

Although the various features and advantages of the various arrangements of the present invention are described in the above definition, it should be understood that this disclosure is for the purpose of explanation only, together with the details of the structure and functioning of the various arrangements of the invention. Changes or improvements can be made in detail as long as the work of the invention is not adversely affected. For example, certain elements, such as the number of poles of the motor, may vary depending on the specific application in which it is used, without any change in the essence and field of the invention.

In addition, although the preferred embodiments described herein are intended for alternating current synchronous motors for use in systems such as low power flow fans, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the teachings of the present invention can be applied to other systems.

Claims

1. An alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) which provides energy savings and/or increased efficiency has the rotors (2) and windings (3) , wherein; it comprises,

a magnetic field ring (4) used to rotate the magnetic field formed on the windings (3),

and a driver card (5) which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) through developed alternating current synchronous motor control method (A).

2. An alternating current synchronous motor control method (A) which provides the initial movement and/or control of the alternating current synchronous motor (1 ) according to Claim 1 through the driver card (5); wherein, it comprises, an alignment (B) step with the use of the first coil to align the motor, following the alignment (B) step of the process, waiting and stepping over (C) step with taking forward or holding the coil,

obtaining EMF measurement results (E) following the EMF measurement (D) step,

verification of direction (F) and/or measurement of rotor speed synchronization (K) at the end of the control of the data from the EMF measurement result (E),

commutation A (J) with motor status (i) and/or commutation B (N) with ignition angle calculation (M),

and as a result of the commutation A (J) and/or commutation B (N), the step of re-checking of the whole cycle.