EP3857159A1 - Adapter for a heat exchanger header - Google Patents
Adapter for a heat exchanger headerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3857159A1 EP3857159A1 EP19795276.5A EP19795276A EP3857159A1 EP 3857159 A1 EP3857159 A1 EP 3857159A1 EP 19795276 A EP19795276 A EP 19795276A EP 3857159 A1 EP3857159 A1 EP 3857159A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- adapter
- plate
- circulation
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
Definitions
- the field of the present invention is that of heat exchangers, in particular heat exchangers for the automobile.
- Motor vehicles are commonly equipped with heat exchangers. These transfer calories from one fluid to another and are used, for example, to cool internal combustion engines.
- exchangers are plate exchangers and are used to cool liquids such as oil. These exchangers include a stack of plates between which several spaces are formed. This stack of plates constitutes the heating body of the heat exchanger.
- the efficiency of these heat exchangers depends on the intensity of the heat exchange between the fluids, but also on the distribution of the fluids in the spaces.
- the plate heat exchanger also includes a manifold which distributes the fluid in each of the spaces with which it is connected. This collector is formed by openings in each of the plates.
- the distribution of the fluid within the space between two plates is influenced by the shape of the section of the collector which supplies this space.
- the section of the duct is standardized, and this section does not promote the good distribution of the fluid within the space.
- the technical problem is therefore that which consists in connecting a tubing of section similar to that of the duct with the manifold of the heat exchanger, without unduly degrading the pressure drop of the heat exchanger.
- the aim of the present invention is therefore to solve the drawback described above by designing a means making it possible to connect the manifold to the tube, these two elements having a section of different shape.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a heat exchanger comprising a heating body constituted by a plurality of circulation plates nested one inside the other and between which are formed spaces configured to be traversed by a fluid, the heating body comprising at least one collector which connects the spaces, the heat exchanger comprising a tube through which the collector is connected to an external circuit to the heat exchanger, characterized in that the collector has a collector section, the tubing has a tubing section different from the manifold section, the heat exchanger comprising an adapter interposed between the manifold and the manifold and which joins the manifold section to the manifold section.
- the fluid is a heat transfer liquid or a cooling fluid.
- the heating body comprises a stack of circulation plates in a stacking direction d.
- the circulation plates of the heating body of the heat exchanger have at least one oblong opening.
- the adapter is an element which makes it possible to converge a section of manifold of oblong shape towards a section of tubing of circular shape.
- the adapter has a flared profile.
- the flared profile of the adapter is observed between the longitudinal ends of the adapter, these longitudinal ends being those through which the fluid enters and leaves.
- the adapter therefore has a first longitudinal end, the cross section of which has a larger diameter than the second longitudinal end.
- the heating body comprises a first end plate, the adapter being a deformation of the first end plate.
- first end plate is understood to mean the plate which comes on top of the circulation plates in the stacking direction d.
- the first end plate therefore corresponds to the upper lateral end of the heating body in the stacking direction d.
- this adapter according to one embodiment of the invention is produced by stamping the first end plate.
- the adapter according to this embodiment of the invention is therefore in one piece with the first end plate.
- the heating body comprises a first end plate, the adapter being an independent part having a first end secured to the first end plate and a second end secured to the tubing. These ends are the longitudinal ends of the adapter.
- the adapter according to the second embodiment of the invention is connected to the tubing by soldering.
- the adapter according to the second embodiment of the invention is fixed to the opening of the first end plate by soldering.
- the adapter comprises at least one abutment for pressing against the first end plate.
- the adapter stop allows control of the insertion of the adapter into the manifold, but also increases the area of the area to be brazed.
- This stop may be an extra thickness which emerges from the outer wall of the adapter, surrounding the adapter.
- the stop may also be a rounded bead surrounding the adapter and resulting from a deformation of the wall of the adapter.
- the circulation plate comprises at least one opening which delimits the collector, the opening comprising at least one edge at least partly straight.
- the edge is a slice of the bottom of the circulation plate and / or of the first end plate.
- the edge delimits the collector which channels the coolant in the first space of the heater body or the heat transfer liquid in the second space of the heater body.
- the circulation plate comprises a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end, the circulation plate comprising at least four openings of which two openings are formed at the first longitudinal end and two other openings are formed at the second longitudinal end.
- the two openings formed at the second longitudinal end of the circulation plate each comprise a collar, while the two openings formed at the first longitudinal end of the circulation plate are devoid of collar.
- the two openings without a collar extend in a plane coincident with a plane of a bottom of the circulation plate.
- the tubing section is circular.
- the collector section is oblong.
- At least two circulation plates each comprise a bottom and a raised edge which surrounds the bottom, the bottom and the raised edge of a first circulation plate and the bottom and the raised edge of a second circulation plate delimiting the space, the raised edge of the first circulation plate being tightly connected to the raised edge of the second circulation plate.
- the raised edge of the first circulation plate and of the second circulation plate comprise two faces, an upper face and a lower face.
- the lower face of an edge raised from a first circulation plate comes into contact with the upper face of an edge raised from a second circulation plate.
- the heating body is organized in alternating first spaces and second spaces, the first spaces being configured to be traversed by a coolant and the second spaces being configured to be traversed by a heat transfer liquid.
- At least one space has a U-shaped profile.
- the first spaces and / or the second spaces can have such a U-shaped profile.
- the circulation plate has a rib on its bottom.
- the circulation plate has flow disrupters on its bottom.
- the circulation plate and / or the end plate are made of a metallic material, making it possible to deform them easily, in particular by stamping.
- FIG. t is a general view, in perspective of a heat exchanger according to one of the embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a circulation plate according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a top view schematically illustrating the tubing section and the manifold section.
- - Figure 4 is an exploded view of a tube connected to the first end plate by means of an adapter according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an adapter according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- the longitudinal or lateral names, top, bottom, front, back refer to the orientation of the heat exchanger according to the invention.
- the longitudinal direction corresponds to the main axis of the heat exchanger in which it extends, while the lateral orientations correspond to concurrent lines, that is to say which intersect the longitudinal direction, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger.
- FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 1 according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
- This comprises a stack of circulation plates 2 in a stacking direction of a first end plate 3a and a second end plate 3b.
- This set of circulation plates 2, first end plate 3a and second end plate 3b constitute the heating body 4 of the heat exchanger 1.
- the heating body 4 constitutes the location of the heat exchanger 1 where the heat transfer liquid and refrigerant exchange calories.
- the heating body 4 extends in a longitudinal direction and has a first longitudinal end 200 and a second longitudinal end 201.
- the superposition of the circulation plates 2 delimits a first space configured to be traversed by the refrigerant and a second space configured to be traversed by the heat transfer liquid.
- the first spaces 20 and the second spaces 21 are visible in FIG. 5.
- a first circulation plate 2a, a second circulation plate 2b and a third circulation plate 2c define two by two the first space and the second space, the latter being distributed alternately in the heating body 4.
- the circulation of the coolant and the heat transfer liquid takes place by alternating layer in the heating body 4, along the stacking direction d.
- the first space and the second space, as well as the first circulation plate 2a, the second circulation plate 2b and the third circulation plate 2c will be detailed in the description of FIG. 5.
- the first end plate 3a is intended for sealingly closing the upper part of the heating body 4 in the stacking direction d. This first end plate 3a is positioned on top of all of the circulation plates 2 of the heating body 4, in the stacking direction d.
- the second end plate 3b is intended to sealingly close the lower part of the heating body 4 in the stacking direction d. This second end plate 3b is positioned below all of the circulation plates 2 of the heating body 4 in the stacking direction d.
- the first end plate 3a and the second end plate 3b have a rectangular shape.
- the first end plate 3a and the second end plate 3b have a bottom 16 and a raised edge 15 continuously surrounding the bottom 16 of the first end plate 3a and the second end plate 3b.
- the first end plate 3a and the second end plate 3b therefore have a rectangular bath configuration.
- a bottom of the bath constitutes the bottom 16 and an edge of the bath constitutes the raised edge 15.
- the first end plate 3a has four openings 131, a first opening 131a, a second opening 131b, a third opening 131c and a fourth opening i3id.
- the four openings 131 are formed through the bottom 16 of the first terminal plate 3a.
- the second end plate 3b has no openings so that the heat transfer liquid and the refrigerant do not leave the heating body 4.
- the heating body 4 has collectors 5 whose function is to supply cooling spaces or heat transfer liquid to the spaces provided in the heating body 4.
- FIG. 1 is visible a second collector 5b positioned at the second longitudinal end 201 of the heating body 4.
- a first collector 5a is positioned opposite the second collector 5b, along the transverse axis t of the heat exchanger 1 and on the same second longitudinal end 201 of the heating body 4.
- the first collector 5a and the second collector 5b are volumes which extend in the stacking direction d.
- the volume of the first manifold 5a and of the second manifold 5b are delimited respectively by the openings of the circulation plates 2, in particular by first openings 130a and fourth openings i3od visible in FIG. 2.
- the first collector 5a and the second collector 5b make it possible to distribute or collect the heat transfer liquid in the heating body 4. More specifically, the first collector 5a and the second collector 5b make it possible to irrigate the second spaces of the heating body 4.
- a third collector 5c is provided at the first longitudinal end 200 of the heating body 4.
- a fourth collector sd is positioned opposite the third collector 5c along the transverse axis of the heat exchanger 1 and on the same first longitudinal end 200 of the heater 4.
- the third collector 5c and the fourth collector sd are volumes which extend in the stacking direction d.
- the volume of the third collector 5c and of the fourth collector sd are defined respectively by the second openings 130b and by the third openings 130c visible in the representation of the circulation plate 2 shown in Figure 2.
- the third collector 5c and the fourth collector, 3 ⁇ 4d make it possible to distribute or collect the coolant in the heating body 4. More specifically, the third collector 5c and the fourth collector, 3 ⁇ 4d make it possible to irrigate the first spaces of the heating body 4 .
- the heat exchanger 1 comprises a first fixing block 13a and a second fixing block 13b for the inlet and the outlet of the coolant.
- the first fixing block 13a or the second fixing block 13b make it possible to fix a duct supplying the heating body 4 with cooling fluid.
- the first fixing block 13a and the second fixing block 13b are positioned at the level of the first longitudinal end 200 of the heating body 4.
- FIG. 1 shows a first adapter 8 and a second adapter 8 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- the first adapter 8 and the second adapter 8 according to the first embodiment of the invention are independent parts, that is to say fitted between a pipe 6 and the first end plate 3a, then secured to this pipe 6 and to this first end plate 3a.
- at least one of these adapters 8 comprises a support stop 12 which makes it possible to limit the insertion of the first adapter 8 or the second adapter 8 into the first manifold 5a or the second manifold 5b, respectively.
- the first adapter 8 and the second adapter 8 have a first end 30 in contact with the first end plate 3a and a second end 31 in contact with the tube 6.
- the first adapter 8 and the second adapter 8 therefore have a flared configuration from the first end 30 to the second end 31.
- the tubing 6 is a tube for connecting the first adapter 8 or the second adapter 8 to a circuit external to the heat exchanger t.
- the circuit external to the heat exchanger t is for example a circuit of heat transfer liquid.
- the external circuit is not shown in the figures.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a circulation plate 2.
- the circulation plate 2 has a rectangular bottom 116 and a set of raised edges 115 composed of a first longitudinal raised edge 115a, a second longitudinal raised edge 115b, a first edge lateral raised 115c, a second raised lateral edge nsd, a first curved raised edge 115e, a second curved raised edge ii5f, a third curved raised edge nsd and a fourth curved raised edge 115I1.
- the first longitudinal raised edge 115a, the second longitudinal raised edge 115b, the first lateral raised edge 115c, the second lateral raised edge nsd, the first curved raised edge 115e, the second curved raised edge nsf, the third curved raised edge nsd and the fourth raised edge curved nsh peripherally surround the bottom 116 continuously. All of the raised edges 115 have an upper face 150 and a lower face 151.
- the circulation plate 2 extends along a longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger 1 and has a first longitudinal end 110 and a second longitudinal end 120 opposite the first longitudinal end 110.
- the bottom 116 is delimited by an upper face 101 and by a lower face 102.
- the circulation plate 2 has four openings so that a first opening 130a and a fourth opening i3od are positioned at its first longitudinal end 110.
- a second opening 130b and a third opening 130c are positioned on its second longitudinal end 120.
- the first opening 130a, the second opening 130b, the third opening 130c and the fourth opening i3od are each surrounded by an edge 17.
- the edge 17 is partly straight and its straight part is perpendicular to the first raised side edge 115c or to the second edge raised side nsd.
- a second part of the edge 17 runs on the one hand the raised side edge 115c, ii5d and on the other hand the curved raised edge 115e, nsf, nsd, nsh which adjoins the raised side edge which is bordered by the edge 17 .
- the second opening 130b and the third opening 130c each comprise a collar 18.
- the collar 18 is a shoulder which emerges from the bottom 116 of the circulation plate 2.
- first opening 130a and the fourth opening i3od are devoid of collar.
- the first opening 130a and the fourth opening i3od are thus made directly in the bottom 116, by being part of a plane coincident with a majority extension plan of the bottom 116.
- the circulation plate 2 also comprises a rib 19 extending over the bottom 116 of the circulation plate 2 along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger 1.
- the rib 19 emerges above the plane AB of the bottom 116 of the plate circulation 2. This rib 19 starts from the first raised side edge 115c, between the first opening 130a and the fourth opening i3od.
- the rib 19 ends at a non-zero distance from the second raised side edge nsd and thus divides the volume delimited by the circulation plates 2 to form a first space or a second U-shaped space.
- the circulation plate 2 comprises disturbers 14 of the fluid flow arranged on the bottom 116 of circulation plate 2. These disturbers 14 are arranged in rows parallel to each other and aligned parallel to the transverse direction B. These rows are offset in the transverse direction B, so that the disturbers 14 are staggered in a row with respect to the other, thus forming spans of disturbers 14 parallel to the longitudinal direction A.
- Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the adapter 8 which joins a manifold section 25 to a tubing section 26.
- the manifold section 25 and the tubing section 26 is determined by orthogonal projection on a plane passing through the opening which receives the adapter 8.
- the first end 30 of the adapter 8 has a section identical to the manifold section 25, while the second end 31 of the adapter 8 has a section identical to the section of tubing 26.
- tubing section 26 is different from the manifold section 25.
- the tubing section 26 is smaller than the manifold section 25.
- the adapter 8 therefore widens from its second end 31 to its first end 30 by means of a flare 23.
- the tubing section 26 has a circular shape, while the manifold section 25 has an oblong shape.
- Figure 4 is an exploded view of the adapter 8 according to a first embodiment.
- the first end 30 of the adapter 8 is configured to have a shape complementary to the shape of the manifold section 25. Thus, the first end 30 of the adapter 8 can be inserted into the relevant opening of the first plate terminal 3a.
- the second end 31 of the adapter 8 is configured to have a shape complementary to the shape of the tubing section 26. Thus, the second end 31 of the adapter 8 can be inserted in the relevant opening of the first end plate 3a.
- FIG. 4 also illustrates the flaring 23 of the adapter 8 over its entire length, from the first end 30 of section corresponding to the first manifold 5a to the second end 31 in contact with the pipe 6.
- the stop 12 is configured to limit the insertion of the adapter 8 into the first end plate 3a by coming into contact with the edge of the opening concerned, for example the first opening 131a.
- Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of the heater 4 according to the invention.
- the section is longitudinal at the level of the first manifold 5a of the body 4.
- This section illustrates the interior of a heating body 4 at the level of the first collector 5a and also the stacking of the circulation plates 2 and of the first end plate 3a.
- Figure 5 illustrates, among other things, the seal between the first circulation plate 2a and the second circulation plate 2b.
- the upper face 150 of the raised edge 115 of the second circulation plate 2b is in contact with the lower face 151 of the raised edge 115 of the first circulation plate 2a. This sealing is achieved in particular by brazing the circulation plates.
- FIG. 5 also shows the presence of a peripheral blank 50 which extends in a plane parallel to the plane of the bottom 116 of the circulation plates 2, 2a, 2b. This peripheral blank 50 goes around each circulation plate 2. Once stacked, the peripheral blank 50 of the first circulation plate 2a is at a non-zero distance from the peripheral blank 50 of the second circulation plate 2b.
- the first space 20 is bordered on one side by the first circulation plate 2a and by the second circulation plate 2b, while the second space 21 is bordered by this second circulation plate 2a and by a third identical circulation plate 2c to the first circulation plate 2a. This is how the first spaces 20 are alternated with the second spaces 21.
- the first space 20 is reserved for the refrigerant.
- the collar 18 is formed around the opening 130a of the second circulation plate 2b.
- the second space 21 is reserved for the circulation of the heat transfer liquid in the heating body 4.
- the first manifold 5a is part of a tubular volume defined the first openings 130a formed in the circulation plates 2.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the adapter 8 according to a second embodiment.
- the first end plate 3a has a deformation which corresponds to the adapter 8 according to this second embodiment.
- the adapter 8 is thus a deformation of the plate which has a flared profile along the vertical axis v, so that the first end 30 of the adapter 8 closest to the manifold has a section greater than the section of the second end 31 which cooperates with tubing 6.
- the invention thus achieves the goal it set for itself by connecting the manifold to the tubing, even if these components have a significantly different section.
- This fluid connection is made by reducing the pressure losses, which more generally contributes to increasing the performance of the heat exchanger.
- the invention cannot however be limited to the means and configurations exclusively described and illustrated, and also applies to all means or configurations, equivalent and to any combination of such means or configurations.
- the invention has been described here in its application to a coolant / heat transfer liquid heat exchanger, it goes without saying that it applies to any shape and / or dimension of the adapter, of the collector and of the tubing, as long as the latter two are of different section.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1858764A FR3086381B1 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | HEAT EXCHANGER MANIFOLD ADAPTER |
PCT/FR2019/052270 WO2020065225A1 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Adapter for a heat exchanger header |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3857159A1 true EP3857159A1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
Family
ID=66640998
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19795276.5A Pending EP3857159A1 (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Adapter for a heat exchanger header |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220011061A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3857159A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN216205611U (en) |
FR (1) | FR3086381B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020065225A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3111976B1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-07-08 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat exchanger. |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE9702420L (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1998-12-26 | Alfa Laval Ab | plate heat exchangers |
JP4077610B2 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2008-04-16 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | Housingless oil cooler |
DE10304733A1 (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-19 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Plate heat exchanger used e.g. as an oil cooler for cooling engine oil in a motor vehicle comprises a connecting sleeve with an inlet and an outlet cross-section having planes arranged at an acute angle to each other |
FR2985012B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-05-08 | Valeo Sys Controle Moteur Sas | HEAT EXCHANGER WITH STACKED PLATES COMPRISING A COLLECTOR. |
FR2986315B1 (en) * | 2012-01-30 | 2014-01-10 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | HEAT EXCHANGER |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 FR FR1858764A patent/FR3086381B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-09-25 EP EP19795276.5A patent/EP3857159A1/en active Pending
- 2019-09-25 CN CN201990001170.8U patent/CN216205611U/en active Active
- 2019-09-25 US US17/279,421 patent/US20220011061A1/en active Pending
- 2019-09-25 WO PCT/FR2019/052270 patent/WO2020065225A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020065225A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
FR3086381A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 |
CN216205611U (en) | 2022-04-05 |
FR3086381B1 (en) | 2022-05-20 |
US20220011061A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
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