EP3833470A1 - Durchflussreaktor und verfahren zur umsetzung eines eduktes - Google Patents
Durchflussreaktor und verfahren zur umsetzung eines eduktesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3833470A1 EP3833470A1 EP18752470.7A EP18752470A EP3833470A1 EP 3833470 A1 EP3833470 A1 EP 3833470A1 EP 18752470 A EP18752470 A EP 18752470A EP 3833470 A1 EP3833470 A1 EP 3833470A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microstructuring
- flow reactor
- catalyst
- channel
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/249—Plate-type reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0015—Organic compounds, e.g. liquid organic hydrogen carriers [LOHC] or metalorganic compounds; Solutions thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00761—Details of the reactor
- B01J2219/00763—Baffles
- B01J2219/00765—Baffles attached to the reactor wall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00783—Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
- B01J2219/00822—Metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
- B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00851—Additional features
- B01J2219/00858—Aspects relating to the size of the reactor
- B01J2219/0086—Dimensions of the flow channels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
- B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
- B01J2219/2476—Construction materials
- B01J2219/2477—Construction materials of the catalysts
- B01J2219/2479—Catalysts coated on the surface of plates or inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
- B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
- B01J2219/2476—Construction materials
- B01J2219/2483—Construction materials of the plates
- B01J2219/2485—Metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
- B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
- B01J2219/2491—Other constructional details
- B01J2219/2497—Size aspects, i.e. concrete sizes are being mentioned in the classified document
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a flow reactor with a wall which delimits a channel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for converting a gaseous or liquid starting material under the action of a catalyst, in which the starting material is fed to a channel of a flow-through reactor, the channel being delimited by a wall.
- Flow reactors and processes of this type can be used for the synthesis of chemical products from liquid or gaseous precursors. In particular, such a flow reactor for hydrogenation or
- a tubular reactor is known from Martin Eypasch, “Hydrogen Storage in LOHC Systems as the Basis for Industrial Energy Storage Applications”, dissertation, ISBN: 978-3-8440-4946-6. This contains a bed of granular catalyst. When the reactor is operating a liquid educt flows through it, which releases hydrogen under the action of the catalyst, thus forming a three-phase boundary (solid, liquid, gaseous) on the surface of the catalyst be dissipated.
- This known reactor has the disadvantage that the heat transport within the bed of the catalyst material is almost exclusively due to the mostly point-like contacts between the individual grains convective transport processes. As a result, the power of the known reactor can be reduced, ie the rate of conversion is reduced or inadequate.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a through-flow reactor and a method for converting a starting material which has improved performance and permits higher conversion rates.
- a flow reactor with a wall is proposed.
- the wall can be a metal or a
- the wall may contain or consist of aluminum and / or titanium and / or a refractory metal and / or a stainless steel.
- the wall delimits at least one channel which is provided for receiving the starting materials to be converted.
- the channel is closed on at least three sides.
- the channel is closed on four sides and so far has the form of a closed tube.
- the channel can be invented on five or six sides
- the reactor operates batchwise, ie a predeterminable amount of starting materials is filled in, reacted and finally removed. These three process steps are repeated cyclically. If the duct is open on two opposite sides, the flow reactor can also work continuously, ie the flow Educt flows through the reactor, which are removed as a product after chemical conversion.
- At least one partial surface is arranged in the channel, which is provided with a microstructuring which contains individual structures, the diameter of which on a base is approximately 10 ⁇ m to approximately 30 ⁇ m.
- the partial surface arranged in the channel can be a partial surface of the
- additional baffle plates or flow baffle plates or carrier plates can be located in the channel, which are provided with the microstructuring according to the invention.
- the microstructuring leads to an enlargement of the surface.
- the surface-enlarged surface elements can either themselves have a catalytic effect or can be provided with catalytically active substances. Due to the arrangement directly on the wall and / or flat internals in the channel, which can be connected to the wall, the heat supply or dissipation to the catalytically active surface can be improved compared to a bed of granular moldings. This allows the rate of chemical conversion to be catalytic
- the microstructuring can be generated by laser radiation, which during a production step is directed to at least one
- the pulse width can be about 500 fs to about 5000 fs. In yet other embodiments of the invention, the pulse width can be from about 300 fs to about 1000 fs.
- Structuring or the microstructuring by Irradiation with a short pulse laser can also be carried out in a simple manner in large series production.
- Non-contact material processing avoids complex and polluted wet or dry chemical etching steps.
- the microstructuring is obtainable by light from a short-pulse laser which has a wavelength between approximately 700 nm and approximately 1050 nm.
- the radiation of the short pulse laser can have a pulse energy of about 100 yJ to about 1 mJ.
- the radiation of the short-pulse laser can have a repetition rate of about 0.8 kHz to about 2 kHz.
- Radiation of the short pulse laser have a repetition rate of about 0.8 kHz to about 10 kHz.
- the radiation of the short pulse laser can have a repetition rate of about 10 kHz to about 100 kHz.
- the radiation of the short pulse laser can have a repetition rate of about 100 kHz to about 1 MHz.
- the radiation of the short-pulse laser can have a repetition rate of approximately 1 MHz to approximately 10 MHz.
- the radiation from the short-pulse laser can have a repetition rate of about 10 MHz to about 40 MHz. This enables rapid and efficient structuring of large-area microstructuring, even if a plurality of laser pulses have to act on a single surface in order to produce the microstructuring.
- the light of the short pulse laser can be fed to a pulse shaper, which adapts the pulse shape to a predefinable target shape.
- a self-learning system with a genetic algorithm can be implemented in the pulse shaper or in the control of the pulse shaper, so that the target shape of the pulses during Operation of the short pulse laser is adaptable depending on the microstructuring generated. In this way, high quality conical or columnar microstructuring can be produced.
- the wall may be exposed to a process gas, such as nitrogen or oxygen or air, during laser irradiation. If the process gas is supplied as a gas stream, this can simultaneously serve to remove material ablated by the laser radiation from the surface, so that it contaminates non-adjacent surface areas.
- a process gas such as nitrogen or oxygen or air
- the microstructuring can cause an increase in the surface area of the first side by a factor of 20 to 60. In some embodiments of the invention, the microstructuring can cause an increase in the surface area of the first side by a factor of 25 to 55. This increases the size of the three-phase limit, while at the same time being compact from the flow reactor according to the invention.
- the microstructuring can have individual structures with an aspect ratio of approximately 1: 3 to approximately 3: 1. This enables a sufficient enlargement of the surface and good hydrophilic properties.
- the microstructuring can contain or consist of individual structures whose diameter at a base is approximately 10 ⁇ m to approximately 30 ⁇ m. In other embodiments of the
- the microstructuring can contain or consist of individual structures, the diameter of which on a base is approximately 50 ⁇ m to approximately 100 ⁇ m or approximately 30 ⁇ m to approximately 80 ⁇ m.
- the length of these individual structures can also be approximately 10 ⁇ m to approximately 30 ⁇ m. In other In embodiments, the height can be approximately 5 ⁇ m to approximately 50 ⁇ m. The length is determined between the base and the tip of the individual structures.
- the surface or cross-section is considered to be the distance at which the microstructuring merges into the unstructured volume of the wall.
- the elevations can be generated along a spatial direction, so that the impression of a corrugated or
- Invention can use both spatial directions of the surface
- Invention can under different sub-areas
- the microstructuring can cover at least one partial area
- catalyst material can be saved by using a different, usually cheaper or more easily available material for the heat conduction and the mechanical stability of the wall.
- Catalyst contain or consist of platinum and / or nickel and / or silver and / or palladium and / or manganese oxide and / or rhodium and / or ruthenium. In some embodiments of the invention, a binary, ternary or quaternary combination of the catalysts mentioned can be used. In some embodiments of the invention, the area coverage of the catalyst can be between about 0.05 mg-cirr 2 and about 0.4 mg-cm -2 . In some embodiments of the invention, the area coverage of the catalyst can be between about 0.1 mg-cm -2 and about 0.35 mg-cm -2 . Compared to known concepts for flow reactors, expensive and rare catalyst material can thus be saved, since this is only applied to the surface of the microstructuring. Catalyst material is therefore only used where the three-phase boundary forms.
- Catalyst are applied to the microstructuring by a wet chemical impregnation process, thermal evaporation, sputtering, plasma spraying or other PVD or CVD processes known per se. This enables good control of the deposited layer thickness and economical use of the catalyst material.
- the catalyst can be applied to the wall before the microstructuring is produced, the microstructuring being generated by laser structuring after the deposition of the catalyst.
- the catalyst can alternatively or additionally be applied during the production of the microstructuring by laser radiation from a gaseous or liquid precursor.
- the laser radiation can also activate the precursor in addition to the surface modification.
- the microstructuring can be applied to the wall on both sides. While the inner microstructuring is catalytically active or serves as a support for a catalyst, the outer microstructuring can heat transfer through the Improve wall. On the one hand, this is due to the increase in surface area. On the other hand, it was recognized that microstructuring in the order of magnitude mentioned
- a structured partial surface of the wall can therefore have an emission of more than 85% or more than 90% or more than 95% for electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of about 500 nm to about 2000 nm.
- Embodiments of the invention can be a structured partial surface of the wall for electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of about 4 gm to about 25 gm
- the microstructuring can be hydrophilic. This allows a large three-phase boundary by improving the wetting of the microstructuring and thus the catalyst with liquid starting materials.
- the microstructure can serve as a blistering nucleus for gaseous products, so that gaseous products which are below the
- a hydrophilic microstructuring can be obtained by storing at least the structured partial surface in water after the laser structuring at more than 80 ° C. or more than 90 ° C. for about 1 hour to about 2 hours.
- a hydrophobic microstructuring can be obtained by annealing at least the structured partial surface after the laser structuring in the presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide (for example air) at more than 200 ° C. for about 1 h to about 2 h.
- heat can be supplied to or removed from the channel and the medium flowing or located therein via the wall of the channel.
- the side of the wall facing away from the channel can be brought into contact with a liquid or gaseous heat transfer medium.
- the heat transfer medium can undergo a phase transition, so that heat of condensation is released, which can be supplied to the medium flowing in the channel.
- the wall can be in contact with a heating device, for example a gas burner or an electrical heating resistor or an infrared radiation source.
- a heating device for example a gas burner or an electrical heating resistor or an infrared radiation source.
- the heating power output by the heating device can be influenced by an optional control device so that the temperature within the duct remains constant within predefined limits.
- the starting material can be or contain a hydrogenated Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier System (LOHC).
- LOHC hydrogenated Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier System
- Such an LOHC can be used to store hydrogen in order to provide it as an energy source at a later point in time and / or at another location. If the generally liquid LOHC is reacted with the flow reactor proposed according to the invention, the stored hydrogen can be molecular at least in one embodiment of the invention
- the LOHC can subsequently be reused for a new storage process.
- the LOHC can be selected from perhydro-dibenzol toluene and / or
- LOHC LOHC can be found at ambient pressure and Hydrogenate and dehydrate comparatively low temperatures, so that the storage and removal of hydrogen is possible in a simple manner.
- this can
- Fig. 1 shows a known flow reactor.
- FIG 2 shows a flow reactor according to the present invention in a first embodiment.
- FIG 3 shows a flow reactor according to the present invention of a second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a component of a flow reactor according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a flow reactor according to the third embodiment.
- Fig. 6 shows the third embodiment of the invention in section.
- the flow reactor 1 shows a known flow reactor for converting liquid or gaseous starting materials.
- the flow reactor 1 has approximately the basic shape of a tube.
- the tube comprises a wall 10 which delimits a channel 15.
- the cross section of the channel 15 can be polygonal or round. In some embodiments of the invention, the channel 15 can also have a free-form surface or an elliptical cross-section.
- the flow reactor 1 is divided into three longitudinal sections.
- a current of at least one educt 41 is fed to the first longitudinal section 11.
- the starting material 41 can be preheated in the first longitudinal section 11 in order to prevent the subsequent reaction
- the second longitudinal section 12 represents the actual one
- Educts 41 are implemented.
- the products produced in the preceding longitudinal section 12 can be cooled in the third longitudinal section 13. Liquid products can then be removed in a continuous product stream 42.
- gaseous gases can be supplied via an additional outlet
- Products 5 are discharged from the flow reactor 1.
- the first and third longitudinal sections are optional and can also be omitted in some embodiments of the invention.
- the educt 41 flows through the cavities that form between the particles. This leads to the implementation of the liquid educt 41 to the liquid product 42 and / or to the gaseous product 5.
- the degree of filling of the channel 15 with catalyst 3 and liquid educts 41 is approximately 50%, so that gaseous products 5 escape above the free level and are transported there in the channel can.
- a heat flow 6 can be supplied through the wall 10 in order to apply the activation energy of the chemical reaction taking place in the flow reactor 1.
- the thermal energy generated in exothermic reactions can be dissipated through the wall 10.
- Wall 10 of the flow reactor 1 are at least partially in contact with a liquid or gaseous heat transfer medium or a heating device or a cooling device.
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a flow reactor according to the present invention.
- the same constituent parts of the invention are seen with the same reference numerals, so that the following description is limited to the essential differences.
- the second longitudinal section 12 of the flow-through reactor 1 is shown in FIG. 2. Instead of the particles from a
- the flow reactor according to the invention contains catalyst surfaces or the particles coated with catalyst material, partial surfaces 105 which are provided with a microstructure 2 which contains individual structures whose diameter on a base is approximately 10 ⁇ m with approximately 30 ⁇ m.
- the microstructuring 2 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 7.
- the partial surface 105 can be arranged on the wall 10 of the flow reactor 1 in some embodiments of the invention.
- Alternatively or additionally can be in the channel 15 of the flow reactor 1 flow baffles and / or baffles 16, which are at least partially provided with the microstructuring 2 according to the invention.
- the flow guide plates 16 can be connected to the wall 10 in order in this way to enable good heat conduction. This makes it possible for a heat flow 6, which is supplied from the outside through the wall 10, to heat the flow guide plates 16 directly.
- a more uniform heat distribution can thus be achieved and / or a greater heating power can be introduced into the educt 41.
- the microstructuring 2 can itself be catalytically active or else coated with a catalyst 3.
- the catalyst 3 can be used in some embodiments of the
- Invention contain or consist of platinum and / or silver and / or palladium and / or manganese oxide and / or rhodium.
- the material of the wall 10 in some embodiments of the invention can be selected from aluminum, titanium or silver or from an alloy which contains at least one of the elements mentioned, or from a stainless steel.
- the microstructuring 2 can serve as a bubble formation nucleus and thereby further increase the conversion rate.
- the microstructuring 2 can be generated by laser radiation
- a short pulse laser in particular by radiation from a short pulse laser.
- a short-pulse laser can have pulse durations of approximately 100 femtoseconds to approximately 1 nanosecond.
- the laser beam can be scanned over the partial areas in the manufacture of the microstructure 2.
- the optional catalyst 3 can be applied after the production of the microstructuring, for example by CVD or PVD or wet chemical
- the partial surfaces 105 to be structured can be provided with the
- Microstructuring 2 may be hydrophilic in some embodiments of the invention. This will make a good one
- Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of an inventive flow reactor in section. In this case too, only the second longitudinal section 12 of the one shown in FIG.
- the first and third longitudinal sections 11 and 13 are optional and can also be omitted in some embodiments of the invention.
- the flow guide plates 16 are arranged inside the channel 15 in such a way that they are fastened on one side to the wall 10 of the channel 15 and project freely on one side.
- the flow of the educts 41 is passed through the flow-through reactor 1 in a meandering manner. This allows longer contact Z nits of the reactants 41 and longer dwell times at constant space.
- Coating of the microstructuring with at least one catalytic converter 3 can be applied both on the flow guide plates 16 and on the wall 10.
- the flow baffles 16 can be on one or both sides with the
- the flow guide plates 16 can be provided over the entire surface or only partially with the microstructure 2.
- wall 2 which can also be provided with the microstructuring 2 over the entire area or partially or not at all.
- the heat conductivity can be improved by a material connection between the flow guide plates 16 and the wall 10, so that heat can also be supplied through the wall 10
- Flow baffles 16 are heated uniformly, whereby the catalytic effect of the microstructuring can be improved.
- a third embodiment of the flow reactor according to the invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
- the third embodiment of the flow-through reactor consists of individual guide plates 16, as shown in FIG. 4. These can be stacked one above the other with interposed sealing elements, so that a flow reactor of the desired size can be assembled from individual guide plates 16.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of such a flow reactor 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a flow reactor in cross section.
- the number of guide plates 16 need not be exactly three in all embodiments of the invention. Rather, depending on the reaction carried out and the available space and the
- the number can be between about 10 and about 500 or between about 20 and about 100.
- the individual guide plate 16 has a partial surface which is provided with the microstructure 2 according to the invention.
- the microstructuring 2 is provided for the educt 41 to flow over it.
- the baffle plate 16 has inflow openings 161a and 161b. At the opposite end of the guide plate 16 there are drain openings 162a and 162b. For easier identification in the cross section shown in FIG. 6, these are additionally labeled A, B, C and D.
- the rear side which is not visible in FIG. 4, can optionally also be provided with the microstructuring. In other embodiments of the invention, the back may be uncoated.
- the baffle 16 can in some embodiments of the invention made of copper, aluminum or titanium, in order to enable good thermal conductivity.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show, several guide plates 16 according to FIG. 4 are stacked one above the other in an alternating orientation, so that the microstructuring 2
- the stack illustrated in FIG. 6 using three guide plates 16 as an example can be continued cyclically in order to realize the desired size of the flow reactor 1 or of the second longitudinal section 12 of the flow reactor 1.
- Sealing elements can be inserted between adjacent guide plates 16, for example made of a polymer, a thermosetting resin or an elastomer. For reasons of simplification, however, these are not shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the sealing elements result in between
- each baffle plate 16 is heated from one side, whereas the desired reaction takes place on the opposite side, which is provided with the microstructuring 2 and optionally a catalyst 3.
- Wall 10 or guide plate 16 of a flow reactor 1 can be used.
- the aluminum sheet was irradiated with polarized laser radiation from a short pulse laser.
- the laser beam has an approximately Gaussian energy distribution at the point of impact.
- a conical structure with dimensions of a few ⁇ m, namely a diameter at the base of approximately 10 ⁇ m to approximately 30 ⁇ m and an aspect ratio of approximately 1: 3 to approximately 3: 1, is formed in the center of the impact point.
- This region is designated region a in FIG. 7.
- This microstructured area is surrounded by an annular area, which is designated as region ⁇ . Sponge-like submicron porosities form there.
- the area ⁇ is surrounded by a likewise ring-shaped area g, which was generated by even lower light intensities. Periodic submicron structures form there.
- the laser beam can pass over the surface or the surface
- structuring partial surface 105 are rastered to this way one face at a time with the
- Hydrogen is a promising candidate for energy storage and transportation.
- hydrogen can be obtained from the electrolysis of water. Electricity from renewable energy sources can be used for this, which cannot be found at the time of generation.
- An LOHC can be used to store the hydrogen gas generated in this way.
- the LOHC can, for example
- Standard conditions 25 ° C, 101325 Pa
- the hydrogenated LOHC is fed as educt 41 to a flow reactor according to the invention.
- a heat flow 6 is further fed to the flow reactor. This leads to catalytic dehydrogenation of the LOHC.
- the dehydrated LOHC is withdrawn as a product from the flow reactor and can be hydrogenated again with hydrogen at a later point in time.
- hydrogen 5 can be removed in gaseous form from the flow reactor.
- the hydrogen can then be converted into electrical and / or mechanical energy in a gas turbine, a piston engine or a fuel cell.
- a known flow reactor shown in FIG. 1 is used.
- Perhydro-dibenzol toluene is added to this as hydrogenated LOHC.
- the flow is 20 ml per minute.
- the reactor is heated to a temperature of 310 °.
- Aluminum oxide particles are used as catalyst, which with a
- the catalyst is used to a small extent via the heat
- the experiment was repeated with a flow reactor according to the invention.
- the reactor according to the invention had an aluminum wall.
- a partial area of 1 cm 2 was provided with the microstructuring according to the invention, which was generated by laser structuring.
- the productivity of the surface provided with the microstructure according to the invention was found to be
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/071381 WO2020030251A1 (de) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Durchflussreaktor und verfahren zur umsetzung eines eduktes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3833470A1 true EP3833470A1 (de) | 2021-06-16 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18752470.7A Pending EP3833470A1 (de) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Durchflussreaktor und verfahren zur umsetzung eines eduktes |
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| US (1) | US20210316269A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3833470A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020030251A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20220380691A1 (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2022-12-01 | The Claire Technologies Corporation | Heat integration for generating carbon-neutral electricity |
| US11848467B2 (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2023-12-19 | Claire Technologies Corp. | Carbon-neutral process for generating electricity |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20090010823A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2009-01-08 | Velocys Corp. | Catalysts, in microchannel apparatus, and reactions using same |
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| US6488838B1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2002-12-03 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Chemical reactor and method for gas phase reactant catalytic reactions |
| US6902653B2 (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2005-06-07 | Titan Technologies | Apparatus and method for photocatalytic purification and disinfection of fluids |
| US7118920B2 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2006-10-10 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Multiphasic microchannel reactions |
| KR100570754B1 (ko) * | 2004-02-26 | 2006-04-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템의 개질기 및 이를 채용한 연료 전지시스템 |
| DE202007013730U1 (de) * | 2007-10-01 | 2008-07-31 | Hellwig, Udo, Prof. Dr. | Vollstab mit behandelter Oberfläche zur Verwendung von chemischen Reaktionen in einem Reaktor als Katalysator |
| US8629189B1 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2014-01-14 | Louisiana Tech University Research Foundation, A Division Of Louisiana Tech University Foundation, Inc. | Nanofilaments of catalytic materials for chemical process improvements |
| WO2014208444A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 株式会社Ihi | 触媒構造体、リアクタ、および、触媒構造体の製造方法 |
| DK178843B1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2017-03-20 | Serenergy As | A reformer for a fuel cell system |
| EP3473593B1 (de) * | 2016-06-16 | 2021-01-06 | Kyocera Corporation | Reformer, zellstapelvorrichtung, brennstoffzellenmodul und brennstoffzellenvorrichtung |
| CN108043355B (zh) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-10-02 | 中海油(山西)贵金属有限公司 | 一种改性的氨氧化制硝酸用铂基催化网及其制作方法 |
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- 2018-08-07 WO PCT/EP2018/071381 patent/WO2020030251A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-08-07 US US17/266,784 patent/US20210316269A1/en active Pending
- 2018-08-07 EP EP18752470.7A patent/EP3833470A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090010823A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2009-01-08 | Velocys Corp. | Catalysts, in microchannel apparatus, and reactions using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020030251A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
| US20210316269A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
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