EP3830419B1 - Coolant compressor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electric refrigerant compressor, a method for compressing a refrigerant and a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, which comprises an electric refrigerant compressor.

In addition to belt-driven refrigerant compressors, electrically driven refrigerant compressors are increasingly being used in motor vehicles. Electrically driven refrigerant compressors have proven their worth, particularly in hybrid and electric vehicles.

Electrically driven refrigerant compressors used in motor vehicles are often designed as so-called scroll compressors.

EP 2 500 517 A2 describes a scroll compressor for a vehicle. The compressor has a housing, a fixed scroll and a movable scroll, and a drive mechanism that drives the movable scroll, the drive mechanism having an eccentric pin to enable orbital movement of the movable scroll.

US 2013/075209 A1 describes an electric compressor (e.g. for a vehicle cooling circuit). The compressor has a rotatable assembly, which includes an electric motor unit and a compressor unit, and which is rotatable about the central axis AX.

DE 20 2016 008176 U1 relates to an electric motor, in particular for an electric refrigerant drive, with a motor housing in which a stator and a rotor rotatably mounted relative to it are accommodated.

US 2014/271242 A1 describes a spiral pump with a sound-absorbing housing, a pump head, a pump motor and a cooling fan.

US 2016/312780 A1 describes a compressor with an orbiting scroll element and a non-orbiting scroll element 142. The scroll elements cause a working fluid to be compressed into pockets as the pockets move from a radially outer position (e.g. at suction pressure) to a radially inner position (e.g (e.g. at outlet pressure).

In Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electric scroll compressor 1 according to the prior art. The scroll compressor 1 comprises a compression unit 10, an electric drive 20, a drive shaft 30 and an orbiting drive 40 as well as a housing 60, which are arranged lying on a rotation axis I. The compression unit 10 comprises at least two spiral elements with spiral contours that are guided one into the other.

One of these spiral elements, the stator spiral element 11, is fixedly arranged on the housing 60, while the other spiral element, the rotor spiral element 12, is positioned relative to the stator spiral element by the rotating electric drive 20, the drive shaft 30 and a special intermediate drive, the orbiting drive 40 orbiting movement is offset.

An orbiting movement is to be understood here in particular as an eccentric, circular movement path in which a rotor spiral element does not rotate relative to a stator spiral element.

The rotating electric drive 20 includes a rotor 21 and a stator 22, which is fixedly arranged on the housing 60. The crescent-shaped volumes enclosed between the spiral elements decrease in size the movement continues towards the center of the compressor. This allows a gaseous refrigerant that is introduced from the edge between the spiral elements to be compressed. The refrigerant compressed in this way is then pushed out as so-called hot gas via a check valve.

By going through a cycle during the compression of the refrigerant and by opening and closing processes of the check valve, among other things, torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations arise. In particular in the electrically driven refrigerant compressor with a scroll compressor, excitation of the rotor spiral element for first-order torsional vibrations dominates, since the compressor element is compressed once per revolution of the electric drive and hot gas is therefore expelled once.

In the current state of the art, on the one hand, special suspensions or holders of the refrigerant compressor are used to prevent vibrations of the refrigerant compressor from being passed on to other components. For example, in US 2013 075 209 A describes a suspension which has a base section which is connected to a first frame part by elastic connecting elements, the first frame part being connected to a second frame part by further elastic connecting elements.

The arrangement described here is similar to a gimbal suspension, in which a refrigerant compressor is firmly arranged on the base section, so that oscillations and vibrations arising in the refrigerant compressor are only passed on to the environment in a reduced manner. This simply reduces the transmission of oscillations and vibrations. However, direct airborne sound radiation via the surface of the compressor housing, as described above, also occurs with the suspension described above.

In CH 2 975 555 A For example, spiral springs are described with which a refrigerant compressor is arranged in a housing. The spiral springs described here are fixed at one end to the housing of the refrigerant compressor and fixed at the other end to the housing of the arrangement. Here too, the problem of direct airborne sound radiation via the surface of the compressor housing, as described above, still exists.

Out of US 2012 183 422 A an electric refrigerant compressor is known which has an elastic retaining ring between the stator and the housing of the refrigerant compressor. The elastic retaining ring between the stator and the housing of the electric refrigerant compressor serves, on the one hand, to be able to position the stator, which is typically pressed directly into the housing, precisely axially and radially relative to the housing, and, on the other hand, to prevent noise and vibrations generated by the electric motor to reduce.

In WO 2017 108 574 A1 For example, a refrigerant compressor is disclosed in which a balance weight is arranged on a drive shaft extension. The balancing weight compensates for the static imbalance caused by the orbiting drive, which converts rotation into an eccentric circular motion. However, torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations that can arise from the compression operation of the refrigerant compressor are not reduced by the balancing weight described above.

The process described above stimulates a rotational shock in the rotor spiral element of the compressor unit per revolution of the electric drive, which does not represent a purely sinusoidal excitation of the first order, but rather excites a variety of harmonic harmonics. Typically, this leads to a so-called order fan with a distance of one order, which can lead to a noticeable operating noise in the frequency range between 1kHz and 3kHz and in the speed range of the electric drive above 3000 ^rpm . This operating noise can have a harsh character due to modulation effects of the individual arrangements that are close together in the frequency range, which typically leads to complaints about the refrigerant compressor or the vehicle in which the refrigerant compressor was installed. The radiation of this operating noise, which is characterized by the high-frequency order fan, occurs on the one hand as direct airborne sound radiation via the surface of the compressor housing itself.

In addition, a dynamic force and acceleration excitation occurs from compressor mounts and downstream parts (electric motor of the vehicle drive, frame and body parts, etc.), which in turn radiate the excitation as airborne sound.

From the current state of the art it is clear that there is still no satisfactory technical solution for the disadvantages described above. It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a comparatively simple, electrically driven refrigerant compressor which leads to the least possible impairment in use.

The object is achieved in particular by an electric refrigerant compressor according to claim 1, a method for compressing a refrigerant according to claim 10 and a use of a refrigerant compressor according to claim 11.

• eine Verdichtereinheit mit einem Statorspiralelement und einem Rotorspiralelement, das in einer orbitierenden Bewegung gegenüber dem Statorspiralelement bewegbar ist;
• einen elektrischen Antrieb zum Erzeugen einer Drehbewegung;
• eine Antriebswelle zum Aufnehmen und Weiterleiten der Drehbewegung des elektrischen Antriebs;
• einen Orbitierungsantrieb der konfiguriert ist, die Drehbewegung durch die Antriebswelle zu empfangen, die Drehbewegung in eine orbitierende Bewegung gegenüber dem Statorspiralelement umzuwandeln und die orbitierende Bewegung an das Rotorspiralelement weiterzugeben;

wobei zwischen dem Orbitierungsantrieb und dem elektrischen Antrieb, insbesondere auf, an oder innerhalb der Antriebswelle, ein Drehstoßdämpferelement angeordnet ist, wobei das Drehstoßdämpferelement konfiguriert ist, eine Dämmung und/oder Dämpfung von Drehstößen zu bewirken, die durch einen Verdichtungsbetrieb in der Verdichtereinheit entstehen und sich über den Orbitierungsantrieb auf die Antriebswelle und/oder sich über Reaktionsmomente in das Statorspiralelement übertragen.The task is solved in particular by an electric refrigerant compressor, namely a scroll compressor, having:

• a compressor unit with a stator scroll element and a rotor scroll element which is movable in an orbiting movement relative to the stator scroll element;
• an electric drive for generating a rotational movement;
• a drive shaft for receiving and transmitting the rotational movement of the electric drive;
• an orbiting drive configured to receive the rotational motion through the drive shaft, convert the rotational motion into an orbiting motion relative to the stator scroll member, and pass the orbiting motion to the rotor scroll member;

wherein a rotary shock absorber element is arranged between the orbiting drive and the electric drive, in particular on, on or within the drive shaft, wherein the rotary shock absorber element is configured to insulate and / or dampen rotary shocks that arise from a compression operation in the compressor unit and transmitted via the orbiting drive to the drive shaft and/or via reaction torques in the stator spiral element.

According to a core idea of the invention, the object is achieved by an electric refrigerant compressor, namely a scroll compressor, with a compressor unit, an electric drive, a drive shaft and an orbiting drive, a rotary shock absorber element being arranged between the orbiting drive and the electric drive, the rotary shock absorber element is configured to provide insulation and/or damping To cause rotational shocks, which arise from compression operation in the compressor unit and which affect the orbiting drive Drive shaft and / or transmitted via reaction torques into a stator spiral element of the compressor unit. In particular, the compressor unit has the stator spiral element and a rotor spiral element, wherein the stator spiral element is preferably arranged stationary in space and/or on a housing of the compressor unit and the rotor spiral element is movable in an orbiting movement relative to the stator spiral element. As already mentioned, an orbiting movement is to be understood in particular as an eccentric, circular movement path in which the rotor spiral element does not rotate relative to the stator spiral element. The rotary shock absorber element, which is arranged between the orbiting drive and the electric drive, makes it possible to insulate and/or dampen the amplitudes of torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations that come about as a result of compressor operation of the compressor unit and which are otherwise transmitted via the obritating drive Drive shaft and / or would be transmitted via reaction torques to the stator spiral element of the compressor unit. The torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations are preferably insulated and/or damped directly on the drive shaft, so that the amplitudes of the torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations are reduced, which would otherwise be transmitted to the rotor of the electric drive and via a magnetic field to the stator and ultimately to the The housing of the refrigerant compressor is passed on.

An arrangement between the orbiting drive and the electric drive is to be understood in particular as an arrangement on, on or within the orbiting drive(s) and/or on, on or within the drive shaft and/or an arrangement (at least partially) in one ( adjacent to the orbiting drive and drive shaft) to understand an intermediate area between the orbiting drive and drive shaft and / or an intermediate area between the drive shaft and electric drive. If necessary, the rotary shock absorber element can adjoin (directly) the orbiting drive and/or be arranged (directly) on the electric drive. Alternatively, the rotary shock absorber element can be spaced from the orbiting drive and/or electric drive, for example by at least 1 cm, preferably at least by 5 cm.

A rotary shock absorber element is to be understood in particular as an element whose material differs from materials used in the orbiting drive or drive shaft, in particular having a lower modulus of elasticity than at least one of the materials mentioned or all of the materials mentioned, and/or an element with a variable damping volume. The torsional shock absorber element can in particular have a lower torsional rigidity and/or higher torsional damping compared to the drive shaft.

According to the embodiment, the drive shaft can be designed in two or more parts, with the rotary shock absorber element preferably being arranged at least partially between two parts of the drive shaft.

In general, exactly one or two or more rotary shock absorber element(s) can be provided.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the torsional shock absorber element is designed to dampen and/or prevent torsional shocks with frequencies that are greater than 100Hz, in particular greater than 1kHz or preferably in a frequency range between 100Hz and 7kHz, in particular between 1kHz and 3kHz dampen. By insulating and/or damping rotational shocks with the above frequencies, noticeable operating noises are reduced in particular, which have a harsh sound character and ultimately lead to complaints about the vehicle noise.

The torsional shock damping element preferably has at least one damping volume, preferably with at least one opening through which flow can pass.

Preferably, the compressor unit is attached to a housing and one or more compressor damper elements is/are attached between the compressor unit and the housing. This also makes it possible to reduce torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations that are transmitted to the housing through the stator spiral element.

According to the embodiment, the electric drive is attached to a housing and/or one or more drive damper elements is/are attached between the stator of the electric drive and/or the shaft bearing and the housing. As a result, the already reduced torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations that could continue to arrive at the stator of the electric drive can be further reduced, so that they transmit fewer vibrations to the housing.

Preferably, the electric drive and/or the stator of the electric drive and/or the stator spiral element and/or the orbiting drive are attached to a common intermediate frame, which is attached relative to the housing via one or more compressor damping element(s) and/or drive damper element(s). The intermediate frame makes it possible to almost eliminate the previously strongly suppressed torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotary shock absorber element and/or the compressor damper element/s and/or drive damper element/s is/are at least partially made of an elastic material, preferably an elastomer, in particular synthetic or natural rubber material and/or is/are the rotary shock absorber element and/or the compressor damper element(s) and/or the drive damper element(s) are at least partially made of a metal, in particular a porous metal body, preferably a woven fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, more preferably a, in particular pressed, metal felt. The materials used in this embodiment can reduce the production cost of the rotary shock absorber element.

Alternatively, the rotary shock absorber element has one or more spring elements which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotary shock absorber element and/or one or more disc spring elements.

Also conceivable is an embodiment in which the rotary shock absorber element acts hydraulically and/or pneumatically and/or at least partially acts in the direction of rotation.

Furthermore, the rotary shock absorber element can be designed as a dual-mass flywheel.

The above-mentioned object is further achieved by a method for compressing a refrigerant, using the refrigerant compressor of the above type. The method for compressing a refrigerant includes insulation and / or damping of rotational shocks that arise from a compression operation of the refrigerant compressor and extend over the Orbiting drive on the drive shaft and/or via reaction moments transferred into the stator spiral element using a rotary shock absorber element arranged between an orbiting drive (40) and a drive shaft.

The above object is further achieved by using a refrigerant compressor of the above type for a motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle.

In particular, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle, which includes a refrigerant compressor of the above type.

Further embodiments result from the subclaims.

Fig. 1

eine Querschnittsansicht eines elektrischen Kältemittelverdichters gemäß dem Stand der Technik;

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittsansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Kältemittelverdichters;

Fig. 3

eine Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Kältemittelverdichters; und

Fig. 4

eine Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Drehstoßdämpferelements;

The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail using the illustrations. This shows:

Fig. 1

a cross-sectional view of a prior art electric refrigerant compressor;

Fig. 2

a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the electric refrigerant compressor according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the electric refrigerant compressor according to the invention; and

Fig. 4

a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the rotary shock absorber element according to the invention;

In Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the electric refrigerant compressor 1 according to the invention. The electric refrigerant compressor 1 shown is a scroll compressor and includes a compression unit 10, an electric drive 20, a drive shaft 30 and an orbiting drive 40 as well as a housing 60, which are arranged lying on a rotation axis I.

The compression unit 10 comprises a stator spiral element 11, which is fixedly arranged on the housing 60, and a rotor spiral element 12, which is orbited relative to the stator spiral element by the rotating electric drive 20, the drive shaft 30 and the orbiting drive 40 Movement is offset. The rotating electric drive 20 includes a rotor 21 and a stator 22, which is fixedly arranged on the housing 60.

Furthermore, a rotary shock absorber element 50 is arranged between the orbiting drive 40 and the electric drive 20 on or within the drive shaft 30. The torsional shock absorber 50 insulates and/or dampens torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations that are transmitted to the stator spiral element 11 and from there directly to a housing 60 of the refrigerant compressor. Furthermore, the torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations are reduced, which are transmitted via the rotor spiral element 12 to the orbiting drive 40 and from there to a drive shaft 30, which supplies the orbiting drive 40 with a rotational movement. From the drive shaft 30, the torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations can be transmitted to the stator 22 of the electric drive 20 via reaction torques on bearings 31 of the drive shaft 30 or through a magnetic coupling between the rotor 21 and stator 22 of the rotating electric drive 20. The torsional shocks and/or torsional vibrations transmitted to the bearings 31 of the drive shaft and to the stator 22 of the electric drive 20 can lead to vibrations there, which are transmitted to the housing 60 of the refrigerant compressor 1.

In Fig. 3 a cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the electric refrigerant compressor 1 is shown. The electric refrigerant compressor 1 shown is a scroll compressor, in which in addition to the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment, a compressor damper element 70 is arranged between the stator spiral element 11 of the compressor unit 10 and the housing 60. The compressor damper element 70 is at least substantially annular. Furthermore, a drive damper element 80 is arranged between the stator 22 of the electric drive 20 and the housing 60. In particular, several compressor damper elements 70 and several drive damper elements 80 would also be conceivable.

Fig.4 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the torsional shock absorber element 50 according to the invention. In this embodiment, torsional shocks and/or torsional oscillations, which are passed on to the torsional shock absorber element 50 by the orbiting drive 40, are passed on to a torsional shock absorber receptacle 51. The rotary shock absorber holder 51 consists of a shaft section and a hollow shaft section, the shaft section having a smaller diameter than the hollow shaft section having. Furthermore, the rotary shock absorber element 50 has a rotary shock absorber part 52, which is firmly connected to the rotary shock absorber receptacle 51 on a first side and is arranged centrally in the hollow shaft section. On a second side, which is arranged opposite the first side, the rotary shock absorber part 52 is firmly connected to a rotary shock absorber shaft 53. The rotary shock absorber shaft 53 extends into the hollow shaft section of the rotary shock absorber receptacle 51. Along the circumference of the rotary shock absorber shaft 53, several bearings 54 are arranged between the rotary shock absorber receptacle 51 and the rotary shock absorber shaft 53, which enable the rotary shock absorber receptacle 51 and the rotary shock absorber shaft 53 to be rotated against each other in the radial direction.

Reference symbol list

1

electric refrigerant compressor (scroll compressor)

10

Compressor unit

11

Stator spiral element

12

Rotor spiral element

20

electric drive

21

Electric drive rotor

22

Electric drive stator

30

drive shaft

40

Orbiting drive

50

Rotary shock absorber element

51

Rotary shock absorber mount

52

Rotary shock absorber part

53

Rotary shock absorber shaft

54

Bearings (rolling bearings)

60

Housing

70

Compressor damper element

80

Drive damper element

I

Axis of rotation

Claims (12)

1. Electric refrigerant compressor (1), namely a scroll compressor, comprising:

   - a compressor unit (10) having a spiral stator element (11) and a spiral rotor element (12) which can be moved in an orbiting motion relative to the spiral stator element (11);

   - an electric drive (20) for generating a rotary motion;

   - a drive shaft (30) for receiving and transmitting the rotary motion of the electric drive (20);

   - an orbiting drive (40) which is configured to receive the rotary motion through the drive shaft (30), convert the rotary motion into orbiting motion relative to the spiral stator element (11), and transmit the orbiting motion to the spiral rotor element (12);

   characterized in that
   between the orbiting drive (40) and the electric drive (20), in particular on, at and/or within the drive shaft (30), a rotary impact damper element (50) is arranged, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) is configured to effect an attenuation and/or damping of rotary impacts which are produced by a compression operation in the compressor unit (10) and are transmitted via the orbiting drive (40) to the drive shaft (30) and/or via reaction torques into the spiral stator element (11).
2. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to claim 1, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) is designed to attenuate and/or dampen rotary impacts with frequencies greater than 100Hz, in particular greater than 1kHz or preferably in a frequency range between 100Hz and 7kHz, in particular between 1kHz and 3kHz.
3. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compressor unit (10) is mounted on a housing (60) and one or more compressor damper element(s) (70) is/are mounted between the compressor unit (10) and the housing (60).
4. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric drive (20) is mounted on a housing (60) and/or one or more drive damper element(s) (80) is/are mounted between the stator (22) of the electric drive (20) and/or the shaft bearing and the housing (60).
5. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric drive (20), the stator (22) of the electric drive (20), the spiral stator element (11) and/or the orbiting drive (40) are mounted on a common intermediate frame mounted opposite the housing (60) via one or more compressor damper element(s) (70) and/or drive damper element(s) (80).
6. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) and/or the compressor damper element(s) (70) and/or drive damper element(s) (80) are at least partially made of an elastic material, preferably an elastomer, in particular synthetic or natural rubber material and/or
   wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) and/or the compressor damper element(s) (70) and/or the drive damper element(s) (80) is/are at least partially made of a metal, in particular a, preferably pressed, metal felt.
7. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) comprises one or more spring element(s) arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotary impact damper element (50), and/or wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) comprises one or more disc spring element(s).
8. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) acts hydraulically and/or pneumatically and/or acts at least partially in the direction of rotation.
9. Electric refrigerant compressor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotary impact damper element (50) is designed as a two-mass flywheel.
10. Method for compressing a refrigerant, using the refrigerant compressor according to one of the preceding claims,
    comprising
    attenuating and/or damping rotary impacts generated by a compression operation of the refrigerant compressor and transmitted to the drive shaft (30) via the orbiting drive (40) and/or transmitted into the spiral stator element (11) via reaction torques, using a rotary impact damper element (50) which is arranged between an orbit drive (40) and a drive shaft (30), in particular on or within the drive shaft (30).
11. Use of a refrigerant compressor according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, for a motor vehicle, in particular hybrid or electric vehicle.
12. Motor vehicle, in particular hybrid or electric vehicle, comprising a refrigerant compressor according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9.

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