EP3805181A1 - Fast drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid adhesive - Google Patents

Fast drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid adhesive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3805181A1
EP3805181A1 EP20206301.2A EP20206301A EP3805181A1 EP 3805181 A1 EP3805181 A1 EP 3805181A1 EP 20206301 A EP20206301 A EP 20206301A EP 3805181 A1 EP3805181 A1 EP 3805181A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
weight
gypsum
calcium sulfate
gypsum composition
composition according
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EP20206301.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3805181B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Motzet
Wolfgang BÖRSTING
Markus KNOEBEL
Thomas MEINERSMANN
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Sika Technology AG
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Sika Technology AG
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Priority to RS20221002A priority Critical patent/RS63724B1/en
Priority to EP22189989.1A priority patent/EP4129951A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/141—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing dihydrated gypsum before the final hardening step, e.g. forming a dihydrated gypsum product followed by a de- and rehydration step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/26—Carbonates
    • C04B14/28—Carbonates of calcium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
    • C04B2103/32—Superplasticisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
    • C04B2111/00672—Pointing or jointing materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
    • C04B2111/00672—Pointing or jointing materials
    • C04B2111/00681—Pointing or jointing materials of the drying type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/32—Expansion-inhibited materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60—Flooring materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to quick-drying building material compositions based on a mineral hybrid binder for use in interior construction, in particular for use as a leveling compound for floor coverings.
  • These building material compositions according to the invention are distinguished not only by the fact that they dry significantly more quickly than conventional fillers, but also by the fact that they deliver a low-shrinkage and low-stress product with high flexural and compressive strengths.
  • Building materials are mainly formulated on the basis of Portland cement, aluminum cement or calcium sulphate (gypsum) as binders. Combinations of these three binders are also referred to as ternary mixtures.
  • Low-stress building materials which are often based on calcium sulphate binders, are required in floor constructions. These binders are in a set form as gypsum or calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 x 2 H 2 O).
  • gypsum calcium sulfate dihydrate
  • CaSO 4 x 2 H 2 O calcium sulfate dihydrate
  • the raw gypsum must first be dewatered, which is achieved through temperature treatment.
  • calcium sulfate dihydrate is converted into calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO 4 x 1 ⁇ 2 H 2 O), which is converted to calcium sulfate anhydrite (CaSO 4 anhydrous) when the temperature is further increased to approx. 350 ° C.
  • Both the calcium sulfate hemihydrate and the anhydrite reacts when water is added - to the mixing water when the building material is mixed - again to form calcium sulphate dihydrate.
  • the setting reaction of the hemihydrate usually takes place relatively quickly, so that the gypsum building material reaches a high level of strength after just a few days.
  • the disadvantage of predominantly gypsum-based building materials is that the setting reaction only absorbs around 13% by mass of the mixing water (based on the binder hemihydrate), while cement-based binders, for example, are able to bind up to 70% by mass of the mixing water . Because more water is usually required for mixing than the gypsum building materials can absorb, the excess water must also regularly evaporate in order to harden such building materials until they are ready for covering. This requires time, which must be waited for before further processing.
  • cement leveling compounds In comparison to cement leveling compounds, for example, gypsum leveling compounds have the advantage of significantly lower shrinkage behavior. Cement leveling compounds initially swell after setting, but this is more than compensated for by the shrinkage that occurs as a result of physical drying, so that the compound as a whole contracts. This shrinkage leads to the fact that cement-based leveling compounds can build up considerable tensions in the bond on the sub-floor and this can lead to the formation of cracks and flaking of insufficiently bonded cement leveling compounds to the sub-surface.
  • gypsum-based leveling compounds dry very slowly. Because Only a small part of the mixing water is bound by hydration of the calcium sulphate, the majority of the water has to be released into the environment. This leads to drying times of several days to weeks, especially in the case of larger layer thicknesses, for example from 6 to 50 mm, or unfavorable climatic conditions with high air humidity. This drying time can then only be shortened by additional measures, for example the use of air dehumidifiers or air exchange, which, however, is associated with higher costs.
  • gypsum leveling compounds are due to the facts outlined above, particularly on substrates where chemical and physical compatibility are important. For example, on anhydrite screeds, there cannot be a harmful interaction between the screed and a gypsum filler applied to it, so that a priming of the screed is usually only necessary for reasons of reduced suction. This means that a gypsum filler can be applied to the primer without waiting, without having to wait until the primer is completely dry.
  • Filling compounds in particular those which are used in the area of the floor, preferably for smoothing, leveling and / or leveling substrates, and which are then provided with a usable covering, are known in various compositions.
  • the EP 0 379 477 B a filler that essentially contains cement as a binding agent.
  • This leveling compound also contains gypsum in a maximum concentration of 10% by weight, which is used to compensate for shrinkage and as a flow improver.
  • the leveling compound also contains up to 3% by weight of polypropylene fibers, which are intended to give the cementitious leveling compound additional strength and improved deformation properties.
  • a fast-setting cementitious binder with low shrinkage is used in the DE 197 54 826 A1 described.
  • the binder contains a small proportion of calcium sulfate compounds, calcium hydroxide and, if necessary, other additives.
  • the shrinkage is minimized by a precise balance between the ettringite formed in the composition, which leads to an explosion of the binding agent, and the portland cement, which causes shrinkage.
  • a further developed filler is used in the DE 101 59 339 A2 described, which has a mixture of calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a second hydraulic binder as a binder, the mass ratio of calcium sulfate to the second binder varying between 8: 1 and 8: 0.1.
  • the one in the DE 101 59 339 A2 The binders described also contain fibers made of, for example, polyacrylonitrile. Disadvantageous in the DE 101 59 339
  • the leveling compounds disclosed is, however, as already indicated above, that due to the high proportion of calcium sulfate binder, the compositions dry relatively slowly and that it is therefore necessary to wait a relatively long time before further covering or processing of the surface provided with the leveling compound is possible is.
  • the DE 32 18 446 A1 describes a binder for a building material mixture based on calcium aluminate in the form of mono- to tricalcium aluminate in fine grain with finely ground gypsum in the form of anhydride, hemihydrate or dihydrate, the two components being mixed in an amount that is based on 1 mole of aluminum oxide in the Calcium aluminate compound come from 3 moles or more of calcium sulfate.
  • the binder can also be mixed with calcium carbonate and used as a fire protection material, as it has a high proportion of crystalline bound water.
  • the WO 96/35649 also deals with materials with high fire resistance which, in addition to calcium aluminate hydrate and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate, contain at least 5% by weight of ettringite and / or aluminum phosphate.
  • the ettringite or aluminum phosphate gives the material good mechanical properties on the one hand, and on the other hand the ettringite and / or aluminum phosphate is decomposed when heated with energy consumption, which gives the material flame-retardant properties.
  • the DE 201 21 423 A1 describes a filler based on a mixture of calcium sulfate and a second hydraulic binder, which can consist of Portland cement, Portland composite cement, blast furnace cement and / or calcium aluminate cement.
  • the ratio of calcium sulfate binder to second binder should be in the range from 8: 1 to 8: 0.1.
  • a desired rheological behavior should be able to be set in a simple manner by varying the ratio.
  • the DE 603 04 041 T2 finally deals with an ettringite binder based on calcium sulfates and calcium aluminate compounds for use in dense mortars, which can be used for the production or repair of structures that are to be put into operation at short notice. That in the DE 603 04 041 T2
  • the binder described is designed in such a way that the calcium and aluminum ions are released simultaneously and evenly distributed over the entire hydration process, so that the ettringite can be formed in the binder without premature blocking at the interfaces of the water-free grains.
  • a minimum shrinkage of 0.6 mm / m after seven days of drying at 50% relative humidity is stated.
  • the aim of the present invention was therefore to provide a quick-drying gypsum composition, in particular for use as a leveling compound or for producing a floor covering, which has the advantages of known gypsum leveling compounds, in particular an advantageously low one Shrinkage and a low build-up of tension, combined with the advantages of high strength and faster further processing.
  • calcium aluminate denotes inorganic compounds which essentially consist of calcium oxide and aluminum oxide as components. Calcium aluminate must therefore be differentiated from calcium aluminate cements, for example, which, in addition to aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, also contain significant proportions of silicon dioxide and iron oxides.
  • calcium aluminates therefore refer to compounds in which the maximum content of SiO 2 and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), based on the weight of the compound, is below 15% by weight.
  • the combined amount of CaO and Al 2 O 3 is preferably more than 80% by weight, more preferably more than 85% by weight, in particular more than 90% by weight, and most preferably more than 95% by weight .
  • This information relates to the anhydrous composition, ie any water content of the calcium aluminate is not included in the calculation of the content of Al 2 O 3 or CaO or SiO 2 or iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ).
  • a calcium aluminate suitable for the purposes of the present invention is available as Ternal RG from Kerneos GmbH.
  • calcium sulfate hemihydrate denotes the compound CaSO 4 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 H 2 O, with calcium sulfate anhydrite the compound CaSO 4 (anhydrous) meant, with calcium sulfate dihydrate the compound CaSO 4 x 2 H 2 O is meant
  • binder substances referred to as "binders” are distinguished by the fact that they absorb water molecules as a result of contact with water and store them in the crystal lattice.
  • the only exception to this rule is calcium sulphate dihydrate, which cannot bind any further water, but should be treated as a binding agent for reasons of expediency.
  • the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or calcium sulfate anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate is in the range from about 1: 1.6 to 1: 4, preferably in the range from about 1: 2 to 1: 3.5, and more preferably in the range from about 1: 2.1 to 1: 2.8. It is also advantageous if the gypsum composition contains about 20 to 60% by weight, preferably about 35 to 55% by weight of the mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate binder contains.
  • the calcium sulfate binder it is further preferred if it consists essentially of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, since too high a proportion of anhydrite leads to too rapid water absorption by the anhydrite component, which can impair the processability of the composition. As a result, it is preferred if, of the total amount of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate, at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, and particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, are accounted for by the calcium sulfate hemihydrate .
  • a suitable calcium sulfate binder is available, for example, under the trade name Hartformgips from Saint-Gobain Formula GmbH.
  • the proportion of calcium sulfate dihydrate in the total amount of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate should not be too high, as that Calcium sulphate dihydrate is not able to bind water. It is therefore preferred if the proportion of calcium sulfate dihydrate is 10% by weight or less, in particular 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention contains 1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders, of calcium sulfate dihydrate. In an alternative embodiment, the composition according to the invention contains less than 0.1% by weight, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders, of calcium sulfate dihydrate.
  • fillers to be included in the gypsum composition the composition is not subject to any relevant restrictions, with the exception that if light-colored gypsum compositions are to be formulated, fillers which have a very dark shade should not be included.
  • Particularly suitable fillers in the context of the invention are in particular carbonatic fillers, preferably in the form of calcium carbonate such as limestone powder, and sand, in particular quartz sand.
  • a particularly suitable quartz sand has a grading curve in the range from approximately 0 to 0.5 mm, preferably in the range from approximately 0.08 to 0.4 mm.
  • Another suitable quartz sand has a particle size in the range from about 0.1 to 1 mm, preferably from about 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
  • a suitable calcium carbonate has an average particle diameter in the range of 2.5 ⁇ m and a grain line with no residue of about 40 ⁇ m.
  • Such a calcium carbonate is sold, for example, under the trade name Mikrosöhl by the Söhlde company.
  • a suitable limestone powder has a fineness of ⁇ 0.1 mm.
  • the plaster of paris compositions described above if they contain a lithium salt which accelerates the hardening of the composition.
  • Suitable lithium salts are in particular lithium sulfate and lithium halides, in particular lithium chloride, and lithium carbonate. Most preferred in the context of the present invention is the use of lithium carbonate.
  • the lithium salts are expediently included in the gypsum composition in an amount of about 0.001 to 0.05% by weight, preferably in an amount of about 0.005 to 0.02% by weight. Below an amount of 0.001%, the concentration of the lithium salt is too low to impart a noticeably accelerating effect, while an addition of more than 0.05% by weight leads to the composition hardening too quickly and thus impairs its processability.
  • tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt has positive effects on the expansion behavior and, in particular, suppresses excessive expansion of the material.
  • Alkali metal salts of tartaric acid preferably in the form of sodium or potassium tartrate or the mixed salt sodium / potassium tartrate, are particularly suitable for this purpose. Of these, sodium / potassium tartrate is most preferred.
  • the tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt is expediently used in an amount of about 0.15 to 0.005% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 0.01% by weight, and particularly preferably about 0.08 to 0.015% by weight % included in the plaster composition.
  • An amount of less than 0.005% by weight does not have a significant effect on the expansion behavior, while an amount of more than 0.15% by weight results in an excessive retardation of the setting speed, which results in insufficient Performance properties, such as strength or surface hardness, can be achieved.
  • the gypsum composition can also contain other customary components, in particular flow agents, thickeners, dyes and / or color pigments, defoamers, stabilizers, hardening retarders and / or flexibilizers.
  • flow agents thickeners, dyes and / or color pigments, defoamers, stabilizers, hardening retarders and / or flexibilizers.
  • the total concentration of such additives is expediently between about 0.1 and 10% by weight, preferably between about 0.5 and 5% by weight, and particularly preferably between about 1 and 3% by weight.
  • Suitable dyes in the gypsum compositions according to the invention include iron oxides.
  • a suitable flexibilizer is available from Wacker under the name Vinnapas 5025 L.
  • Suitable stabilizers are hydroxyethyl celluloses, which are available, for example, as Tylose H 20 P2 from ShinEtsu SE Tylose GmbH & Co. KG.
  • Suitable thickeners include methyl celluloses, which are sold, for example, under the trade name Culmina®.
  • a "superplasticizer” as a superplasticizer to the gypsum compositions according to the invention, for example in the form of a polycarboxylate ether, which is readily known to those skilled in the field of cement chemistry.
  • a suitable retarder is available, for example, from Sika Technology AG under the trade name Retardan®P.
  • Other suitable retarders are sodium gluconate or sodium citrate.
  • a suitable defoamer is available from BASF, for example, under the trade name Foamstar PB1922.
  • the gypsum composition according to the invention is a composition whose hardening is essentially caused by the absorption and storage of water by the gypsum and calcium aluminate binders. Nevertheless, it is not ruled out that the gypsum composition also contains a proportion of cement binders, for example up to about 5% by weight, but preferably not more than about 3% by weight, in particular not more than about 1% by weight, and am most preferably no more than about 0.1% by weight of cement binders.
  • cement binder refers in particular to Portland cements, Portland composite cements and blast furnace cements and calcium aluminate cements.
  • the gypsum composition according to the invention preferably has a shrinkage of no more than ⁇ 0.5 mm / m as a result of its hardening after 28 days when hardening takes place at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity.
  • the gypsum composition according to the invention has a shrinkage of no more than ⁇ 0.5 mm / m as a result of its hardening after 3 hours when hardening takes place at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. It is very particularly preferred in the context of the present invention if no shrinkage of more than ⁇ 0.5 mm / m occurs over the entire curing period of 28 days with curing at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity.
  • a positive value for the shrinkage indicates an expansion of the cured composition by the specified value
  • a negative shrinkage indicates a contraction of the composition by the specified value.
  • the shrinkage is to be determined according to the method given in the example section.
  • the amounts of the individual components in the gypsum composition according to the invention also depend on the application and in particular on how thick the material is applied.
  • a content of binder in the range of about 20 to 45% by weight, in particular about 25 to 40% by weight is sufficient, while the content of fillers in this case can be greater and in particular is in the range of about 50 to 80% by weight, preferably about 55 to 70% by weight, and particularly preferably about 60 to 65% by weight.
  • a higher proportion of binder in particular in the range of about 45 to 70% by weight, preferably about 50 to 60% by weight, is expediently selected, while the filler proportion is correspondingly lower and in particular The range is from about 30 to 50% by weight, preferably from about 40 to 45% by weight.
  • a thick layer denotes a layer of 10 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or more, up to 60 mm or more.
  • a thin layer is accordingly a layer that is less than 10 mm thick and preferably has a thickness in the range from 1 to 6 mm.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the gypsum composition according to the invention contains 8 to 20% by weight calcium aluminate binder, 25 to 50% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, 5 to 12% by weight calcium carbonate as filler, 30 to 55% by weight quartz sand, 0.01 to 0.10 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as 0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.
  • gypsum composition according to the invention for applying a thick layer 8 to 15% by weight calcium aluminate binder, 25 to 40% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, 5 to 15% by weight calcium carbonate as filler, 40 to 65% by weight quartz sand, 0.01 to 0.15 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as 0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the gypsum composition according to the invention for applying a thin layer contains 12 to 20% by weight calcium aluminate binder, 30 to 50% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate, 8 to 15% by weight calcium carbonate as filler, 25 to 45% by weight quartz sand, 0.01 to 0.15 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as 0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.
  • the composition after curing for one day at 25 ° C. and 75% relative humidity, has a residual moisture content of less than 5% by weight if it is up to 60 mm thick a substrate was applied.
  • the gypsum composition has a compressive strength of at least 30 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 40 N / mm 2 and particularly preferably at least 45 N / mm 2 after curing for 28 days at 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C.
  • the upper limit of the compressive strength is not significantly limited, but is regularly about 70 N / mm 2 , preferably 60 N / mm 2 .
  • the hardened gypsum composition has a flexural strength of 8 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 10 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably at least 11 N / mm 2 after 28 days at 50% humidity and 25 ° C .
  • the upper limit for the flexural tensile strength is also not significantly limited, but is as a rule 25 N / mm 2 , preferably 20 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably 16 N / mm 2 .
  • the compositions according to the invention preferably have a compressive strength of at least 10 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 18 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably at least 20 N / mm 2, after curing for one day at 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C.
  • the maximum compressive strength the same applies as after 28 days of curing. In general, however, the compressive strength is around 50% lower after one day than after 28 days of curing.
  • the minimum flexural tensile strength after one day under appropriate conditions is preferably at least 2 N / mm 2 , in particular at least 3.5 N / mm 2 and particularly preferably at least 4 N / mm 2 .
  • the upper limit of the flexural tensile strength after this period of time can be around 8 N / mm 2 , preferably around 6 N / mm 2 .
  • a filler made from the gypsum composition according to the invention has a rheological behavior adapted to the respective requirements, this being adjustable through the selection of the ingredients and via the ratio of the gypsum composition to water.
  • the flowable or pasty gypsum composition is preferably self-leveling. Furthermore, a flowable or pasty gypsum composition produced in this way using the method according to the invention is preferably pumpable, so that it can be conveyed to any point with conventional pumps known from the field of technology and used there.
  • the present invention is not subject to any relevant restrictions.
  • the substrate should be such that the gypsum composition adheres firmly to the substrate after drying.
  • floor coverings such as wooden floorboards, fixed parquet, wood chipboard, wood-cement panels, old substrates with ceramic coverings, old substrates based on screeds of any kind or concrete come into consideration , as well as substrates that tend to deform, such as bituminous asphalt screed.
  • a particularly suitable substrate is an anhydrite screed.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a gypsum composition, as described above, as a gypsum filler or screed.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a gypsum composition as described above for producing a floor covering or as a component of a floor covering.
  • the compositions according to the invention have accelerated drying compared to known gypsum fillers, which means that after the composition has been applied, further processing of the surface coated therewith can be started more quickly.
  • the composition can be processed into a flowable or pasty composition by simply mixing it with water, which forms a leveling layer on floor coverings of any kind even with a small amount of application, which after its hardening has excellent compressive strength and flexural strength.
  • Table 1 The compositions of various formulations are given in Table 1: Table 1 component example 1
  • Example 2 Example 3 Calcium aluminate 10 15th 14th Calcium sulfate hemihydrate 26th 39 33 Calcium sulfate dihydrate 1 1 1 1 Calcium carbonate (2.5 ⁇ m) 7th 10 10 Sand (0.1-0.3 mm) 21.54 33.54 27.54 Sand (0.2-0.8 mm) 33 Limestone powder 13th Vinnapas 5025 L 1 1 1 1 1 Superplasticizer 0.2 0.2 0.2 Lithium carbonate 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 K / Na Tatrat 0.1 0.1 0.1 Foamstar PB 1922 0.1 0.1 0.1 Tylose H 20 P2 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
  • Example 1 stands for a thick-layer application and Examples 2 and 3 for thin-layer applications.
  • the examples differ in the binder content and in the grading curve of the fillers used. All data in Table 1 are in parts by weight.
  • compositions were examined for their properties.
  • the compressive strength and flexural strength were determined in accordance with DIN EN 196 Part 1.
  • the shrinkage was determined based on DIN EN 13872 on test specimens with the dimensions 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 16 cm. Deviating from the standard which prescribes stripping of the test specimens 24 hours after the composition has been mixed with water, the test specimens were stripped 3 hours after mixing. The dimensional changes in the longitudinal direction over the time after curing were then determined for a period between 3 hours and 28 days. For this purpose, curing took place at 25 ° C. once at 50% relative humidity and once at 75% relative humidity. The values given in Table 2 below were determined as the difference between the maximum of the expansion and the minimum value after 28 days.
  • the residual moisture content of various compositions was determined after one day (24 h) at 25 ° C. and 75% relative humidity with the aid of a CM device (manufacturer: Riedel-de-Haen) using the calcium carbide method. The determination was carried out on the basis of DIN 18560 Part 4. In deviation from the CM method described in DIN 18560-4, the measured value was read off after 5 minutes.
  • compositions according to the invention show rapid drying compared to conventional plaster compositions (SCH ⁇ NOX AM PLUS) with, at the same time, very low shrinkage behavior.
  • compositions according to the invention show faster drying with comparable shrinkage (SCH ⁇ NOX DE) or lower shrinkage with comparable drying (SCH ⁇ NOX ZM RAPID).
  • the binder compositions according to the invention are therefore particularly suitable for the preparation of the subsurface in the soil area, the overall processing time being able to be shortened significantly due to the relatively rapid curing and drying.

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Abstract

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine schnelltrocknende Gipszusammensetzung, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Gipsspachtelmasse und zur Herstellung von Bodenbelägen, wobei die Gipszusammensetzung 20 bis 70% einer Mischung aus Calciumaluminat und Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder -Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat als hydraulischen Bindemitteln sowie 30 bis 80 Gew.-% an Füllstoffen enthält, und wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von Calciumaluminat zu Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat- und/oder-Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat-Bindemitteln im Bereich von 1:1 bis 1:5 liegt. Derartige Gipszusammensetzungen zeichnen sich durch ein besonders günstiges Schwundverhalten aus, so dass Spannungen und Risse in der getrockneten Zusammensetzung vermieden werden können. Gleichzeitig trocknen die Gipszusammensetzungen bis zur Belegreife in einer mit konventionellen Zementspachtelmassen vergleichbaren Zeit.The present invention relates to a quick-drying gypsum composition, in particular for use as a gypsum filler and for the production of floor coverings, the gypsum composition 20 to 70% of a mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate as hydraulic binders and 30 contains up to 80% by weight of fillers, and wherein the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate binders is in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 5. Such plaster of paris compositions are characterized by a particularly favorable shrinkage behavior, so that tensions and cracks in the dried composition can be avoided. At the same time, the gypsum compositions dry until they are ready for covering in a time comparable to conventional cement leveling compounds.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft schnelltrocknende Baustoffzusammensetzungen auf Basis eines mineralischen Hybridbindemittels zur Anwendung im Innenausbau, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Spachtelmasse für Bodenbeläge. Diese erfindungsgemäßen Baustoffzusammensetzungen zeichnen sich neben der Tatsache, dass sie im Vergleich zu konventionellen Spachtelmassen signifikant schneller trocknen, dadurch aus, dass sie ein schwund- und spannungsarmes Produkt mit hohen Biegezug- und Druckfestigkeiten liefern.The present invention relates to quick-drying building material compositions based on a mineral hybrid binder for use in interior construction, in particular for use as a leveling compound for floor coverings. These building material compositions according to the invention are distinguished not only by the fact that they dry significantly more quickly than conventional fillers, but also by the fact that they deliver a low-shrinkage and low-stress product with high flexural and compressive strengths.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Baustoffe werden überwiegend auf Basis von Portlandzement, Aluminatzement oder Calciumsulfat (Gips) als Bindemittel formuliert. Dabei werden Kombinationen dieser drei Bindemittel auch als ternäre Mischungen bezeichnet.Building materials are mainly formulated on the basis of Portland cement, aluminum cement or calcium sulphate (gypsum) as binders. Combinations of these three binders are also referred to as ternary mixtures.

In Fußbodenkonstruktionen werden spannungsarme Baustoffe benötigt, die häufig auf Calciumsulfat-Bindemitteln basieren. Diese Bindemittel liegen in abgebundener Form als Gips bzw. Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat (CaSO4 x 2 H2O) vor. Für den Einsatz als Bindemittel muss der Rohgips zunächst entwässert werden, was durch Temperaturbehandlung erzielt wird. Dabei entsteht in einer ersten Entwässerungsstufe bei 120°C aus Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat das Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat (CaSO4 x ½ H2O), das bei einer weiteren Temperaturerhöhung auf ca. 350°C zum Calciumsulfatanhydrit (CaSO4 wasserfrei) umgewandelt wird. Sowohl das Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat als auch das Anhydrit reagiert bei Wasserzugabe - dem Anmachwasser beim Anmischen des Baustoffes - wieder zum Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat.Low-stress building materials, which are often based on calcium sulphate binders, are required in floor constructions. These binders are in a set form as gypsum or calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 x 2 H 2 O). To be used as a binding agent, the raw gypsum must first be dewatered, which is achieved through temperature treatment. In a first dehydration stage at 120 ° C, calcium sulfate dihydrate is converted into calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO 4 x ½ H 2 O), which is converted to calcium sulfate anhydrite (CaSO 4 anhydrous) when the temperature is further increased to approx. 350 ° C. Both the calcium sulfate hemihydrate and the anhydrite reacts when water is added - to the mixing water when the building material is mixed - again to form calcium sulphate dihydrate.

Die Abbindereaktion des Hemihydrats verläuft in der Regel relativ schnell, so dass der Gipsbaustoff bereits nach wenigen Tagen hohe Festigkeiten erreicht. Nachteilig ist bei vorwiegend auf Gips basierenden Baustoffen jedoch, dass die Abbindereaktion nur etwa 13 Masse-% des Anmachwassers (bezogen auf das Bindemittel-Hemihydrat) absorbiert, während beispielsweise zementöse Bindemittel in der Lage sind, bis zu 70 Masse-% des Anmachwassers zu binden. Weil für das Anmachen in der Regel mehr Wasser erforderlich ist, als die Gipsbaustoffe aufnehmen können, ist für die Härtung solcher Baustoffe bis zur Belegreife regelmäßig auch ein Verdunsten des überschüssigen Wassers erforderlich. Dies erfordert Zeit, die vor einer weiteren Bearbeitung abgewartet werden muss.The setting reaction of the hemihydrate usually takes place relatively quickly, so that the gypsum building material reaches a high level of strength after just a few days. However, the disadvantage of predominantly gypsum-based building materials is that the setting reaction only absorbs around 13% by mass of the mixing water (based on the binder hemihydrate), while cement-based binders, for example, are able to bind up to 70% by mass of the mixing water . Because more water is usually required for mixing than the gypsum building materials can absorb, the excess water must also regularly evaporate in order to harden such building materials until they are ready for covering. This requires time, which must be waited for before further processing.

Im Vergleich beispielsweise zu Zementspachtelmassen weisen Gipsspachtelmassen jedoch den Vorteil eines signifikant geringeren Schwindverhaltens auf. Zementspachtelmassen quellen nach dem Erstarren zunächst auf, was aber durch den in der Folge der physikalischen Trocknung einsetzenden Schwund überkompensiert wird, so dass sich die Masse insgesamt zusammenzieht. Dieses Schwinden führt dazu, dass zementöse Spachtelmassen im Verbund auf dem Untergrund erhebliche Spannungen aufbauen können und es zur Rissbildung und zum Abplatzen unzureichend mit dem Untergrund verbundener Zementspachtelmassen kommen kann.In comparison to cement leveling compounds, for example, gypsum leveling compounds have the advantage of significantly lower shrinkage behavior. Cement leveling compounds initially swell after setting, but this is more than compensated for by the shrinkage that occurs as a result of physical drying, so that the compound as a whole contracts. This shrinkage leads to the fact that cement-based leveling compounds can build up considerable tensions in the bond on the sub-floor and this can lead to the formation of cracks and flaking of insufficiently bonded cement leveling compounds to the sub-surface.

Im Gegensatz zu Zementspachtelmassen muss bei Gipsspachtelmassen ein größerer Anteil des Wassers verdunsten, so dass das chemische Schwinden bei Gipsspachtelmassen geringer ausfällt. Nach der Trocknung solcher Spachtelmassen wird daher nur eine geringe Dimensionsänderung gegenüber dem Nullwert erhalten.In contrast to cement leveling compounds, a larger proportion of the water must evaporate with gypsum leveling compounds, so that the chemical shrinkage of gypsum leveling compounds is less. After such leveling compounds have dried, only a small change in dimension compared to the zero value is obtained.

Ein wesentlicher Nachteil von Gips-basierten Spachtelmassen besteht jedoch, wie vorstehend angedeutet, darin, dass diese nur sehr langsam trocknen. Weil nur ein geringer Teil des Anmachwassers durch Hydratisierung des Calciumsulfats gebunden wird, muss der überwiegende Teil des Wassers an die Umgebung abgegeben werden. Dies führt vor allem bei größeren Schichtstärken, beispielsweise von 6 bis 50 mm, oder ungünstigen klimatischen Verhältnissen mit hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit zu Trocknungszeiten von mehreren Tagen bis Wochen. Diese Trocknungszeit kann dann nur durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen, beispielsweise den Einsatz von Luftentfeuchtern oder Luftaustausch, verkürzt werden, was jedoch mit einem höheren Kostenaufwand verbunden ist.However, as indicated above, a major disadvantage of gypsum-based leveling compounds is that they dry very slowly. Because Only a small part of the mixing water is bound by hydration of the calcium sulphate, the majority of the water has to be released into the environment. This leads to drying times of several days to weeks, especially in the case of larger layer thicknesses, for example from 6 to 50 mm, or unfavorable climatic conditions with high air humidity. This drying time can then only be shortened by additional measures, for example the use of air dehumidifiers or air exchange, which, however, is associated with higher costs.

Die Vorteile von Gipsspachtelmassen kommen aufgrund des vorstehend geschilderten Sachverhalts insbesondere auf Untergründen zum Tragen, bei denen es auf die chemische und physikalische Kompatibilität ankommt. Beispielsweise kann es auf Anhydritestrichen nicht zu einer schädlichen Wechselwirkung zwischen dem Estrich und einer darauf applizierten Gipsspachtelmasse kommen, so dass ein Grundieren des Estrichs in der Regel nur aus Gründen der Saugminderung erforderlich ist. Dadurch kann eine Gipsspachtelmasse ohne Wartezeit auf die Grundierung aufgebracht werden, ohne dass gewartet werden muss, bis die Grundierung vollständig abgetrocknet ist.The advantages of gypsum leveling compounds are due to the facts outlined above, particularly on substrates where chemical and physical compatibility are important. For example, on anhydrite screeds, there cannot be a harmful interaction between the screed and a gypsum filler applied to it, so that a priming of the screed is usually only necessary for reasons of reduced suction. This means that a gypsum filler can be applied to the primer without waiting, without having to wait until the primer is completely dry.

Spachtelmassen, insbesondere solche, die im Bereich des Fußbodens, vorzugsweise zum Glätten, Egalisieren und/oder Nivellieren von Untergründen verwendet werden, und die anschließend mit einem Nutzbelag versehen werden, sind in unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung bekannt. So beschreibt beispielsweise die EP 0 379 477 B eine Spachtelmasse, die als Bindemittel im Wesentlichen Zement enthält. Diese Spachtelmasse enthält zusätzlich Gips in einer maximalen Konzentration von 10 Gew.-%, der zum Ausgleich von Schwund und als Fließverbesserungsmittel eingesetzt wird. Des Weiteren enthält die Spachtelmasse bis zu 3 Gew.-% Polypropylenfasern, die der zementösen Spachtelmasse zusätzliche Festigkeit und verbesserte Deformationseigenschaften verleihen sollen.Filling compounds, in particular those which are used in the area of the floor, preferably for smoothing, leveling and / or leveling substrates, and which are then provided with a usable covering, are known in various compositions. For example, the EP 0 379 477 B a filler that essentially contains cement as a binding agent. This leveling compound also contains gypsum in a maximum concentration of 10% by weight, which is used to compensate for shrinkage and as a flow improver. The leveling compound also contains up to 3% by weight of polypropylene fibers, which are intended to give the cementitious leveling compound additional strength and improved deformation properties.

Ein schnellhärtendes zementäres Bindemittel mit geringer Schwindung wird in der DE 197 54 826 A1 beschrieben. Neben einem wesentlichen Anteil an schnellhärtendem Portlandzement mit einem C3A-Klinkerphasenanteil im Bereich von 4 bis 12 Massen.-% enthält das Bindemittel einem geringen Anteil an Calciumsulfatverbindungen, Calciumhydroxid und gegebenenfalls weiteren Additiven. Im Rahmen der DE 197 54 826 A1 wird das Schwinden durch eine genaue Abstimmung des in der Zusammensetzung gebildeten Ettringits, das zu einer Exapnsion des Bindelmittel führt, und dem Portlandzement, der ein Schwinden verursacht, minimiert.A fast-setting cementitious binder with low shrinkage is used in the DE 197 54 826 A1 described. In addition to a substantial proportion of fast-setting Portland cement with a C 3 A clinker phase proportion in the range from 4 to 12% by mass, the binder contains a small proportion of calcium sulfate compounds, calcium hydroxide and, if necessary, other additives. As part of the DE 197 54 826 A1 The shrinkage is minimized by a precise balance between the ettringite formed in the composition, which leads to an explosion of the binding agent, and the portland cement, which causes shrinkage.

Eine weiter entwickelte Spachtelmasse wird in der DE 101 59 339 A2 beschrieben, die als Bindemittel ein Gemisch an Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat mit einem zweiten hydraulischen Bindemittel aufweist, wobei das Massenverhältnis des Calciumsulfats zum zweiten Bindemittel zwischen 8:1 und 8:0,1 variiert. Die in der DE 101 59 339 A2 beschriebenen Bindemittel enthalten zusätzlich Fasern aus beispielsweise Polyacrylnitril. Nachteilig, bei den in der DE 101 59 339 offenbarten Spachtelmassen ist jedoch, wie dies bereits im Vorstehenden angedeutet wurde, dass infolge des hohen Anteils an Calciumsulfat-Bindemittel die Zusammensetzungen nur relativ langsam trocknen und dass daher relativ lange gewartet werden muss, bis eine weitere Belegung oder Bearbeitung der mit der Spachtelmasse versehenen Oberfläche möglich ist.A further developed filler is used in the DE 101 59 339 A2 described, which has a mixture of calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a second hydraulic binder as a binder, the mass ratio of calcium sulfate to the second binder varying between 8: 1 and 8: 0.1. The one in the DE 101 59 339 A2 The binders described also contain fibers made of, for example, polyacrylonitrile. Disadvantageous in the DE 101 59 339 The leveling compounds disclosed is, however, as already indicated above, that due to the high proportion of calcium sulfate binder, the compositions dry relatively slowly and that it is therefore necessary to wait a relatively long time before further covering or processing of the surface provided with the leveling compound is possible is.

Die DE 32 18 446 A1 beschreibt ein Bindemittel für ein Baustoffgemisch auf Basis von Calciumaluminat in Form von Mono- bis Tricalciumaluminat in feiner Körnung mit fein aufgemahlenem Gips in Form von Anhydrid, Halbhydrat oder Dihydrat, wobei die beiden Bestandteile in einer Menge vermischt sind, dass auf 1 Mol Aluminiumoxid in der Calciumaluminatverbindung 3 Mol oder mehr Calciumsulfat kommen. Das Bindemittel kann zusätzlich mit Calciumcarbonat vermischt und als Brandschutzmaterial verwendet werden, da es einen hohen Anteil an kristallin gebundenem Wasser aufweist.The DE 32 18 446 A1 describes a binder for a building material mixture based on calcium aluminate in the form of mono- to tricalcium aluminate in fine grain with finely ground gypsum in the form of anhydride, hemihydrate or dihydrate, the two components being mixed in an amount that is based on 1 mole of aluminum oxide in the Calcium aluminate compound come from 3 moles or more of calcium sulfate. The binder can also be mixed with calcium carbonate and used as a fire protection material, as it has a high proportion of crystalline bound water.

Die WO 96/35649 befasst sich ebenfalls mit Materialien mit hoher Feuerresistenz, die neben Calciumaluminathydrat und/oder Calciumsulfatdihydrat mindestens 5 Gew.-% Ettringit und/oder Aluminiumphosphat enthalten. Durch das Ettringit bzw. Aluminiumphosphat werden dem Material einerseits gute mechanische Eigenschaften vermittelt, andererseits wird das Ettringit und/oder Aluminiumphosphat beim Erhitzen unter Energieverbrauch zersetzt, was dem Material flammschützende Eigenschaften verleiht.The WO 96/35649 also deals with materials with high fire resistance which, in addition to calcium aluminate hydrate and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate, contain at least 5% by weight of ettringite and / or aluminum phosphate. The ettringite or aluminum phosphate gives the material good mechanical properties on the one hand, and on the other hand the ettringite and / or aluminum phosphate is decomposed when heated with energy consumption, which gives the material flame-retardant properties.

Die DE 201 21 423 A1 beschreibt eine Spachtelmasse auf Basis eines Gemischs von Calciumsulfat und einem zweiten hydraulischen Bindemittel, das aus Portlandzement, Portlandkompositzement, Hochofenzement und/oder Calciumaluminatzement bestehen kann. Das Verhältnis von Calciumsulfat-Bindemittel zu zweitem Bindemittel soll sich im Bereich von 8:1 bis 8:0.1 bewegen. Durch Variation des Verhältnisses soll sich ein gewünschtes rheologisches Verhalten in einfacher Weise einstellen lassen.The DE 201 21 423 A1 describes a filler based on a mixture of calcium sulfate and a second hydraulic binder, which can consist of Portland cement, Portland composite cement, blast furnace cement and / or calcium aluminate cement. The ratio of calcium sulfate binder to second binder should be in the range from 8: 1 to 8: 0.1. A desired rheological behavior should be able to be set in a simple manner by varying the ratio.

Die DE 603 04 041 T2 befasst sich schließlich mit einem Ettringit-Bindemittel auf Basis von Calciumsulfaten und Calciumaluminatverbindungen zur Verwendung in dichten Mörteln, die für die Herstellung oder Reparatur von kurzfristig in Betreib zu nehmenden Bauwerken herangezogen werden können. Das in der DE 603 04 041 T2 beschriebene Bindemittel ist so abgestimmt, dass die Calcium- und Aluminiumionen gleichzeitig und gleichmäßig über den gesamten Hydratationsprozess verteilt freigesetzt werden, so dass das Ettringit ohne vorzeitige Blockierung an den Schnittstellen der wasserferien Körner im Bindemittel gebildet werden kann. Für die Zusammensetzungen der DE 603 04 041 T2 wird ein minimales Schwinden von 0,6 mm/m nach sieben Tagen Trockung bei 50 % relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit angegeben.The DE 603 04 041 T2 finally deals with an ettringite binder based on calcium sulfates and calcium aluminate compounds for use in dense mortars, which can be used for the production or repair of structures that are to be put into operation at short notice. That in the DE 603 04 041 T2 The binder described is designed in such a way that the calcium and aluminum ions are released simultaneously and evenly distributed over the entire hydration process, so that the ettringite can be formed in the binder without premature blocking at the interfaces of the water-free grains. For the compositions of the DE 603 04 041 T2 a minimum shrinkage of 0.6 mm / m after seven days of drying at 50% relative humidity is stated.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung war daher die Bereitstellung einer schnelltrocknenden Gipszusammensetzung, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Spachtelmasse oder zur Herstellung eines Bodenbelags, die die Vorteile bekannter Gipsspachtelmassen, insbesondere ein vorteilhaft geringes Schwinden und einen geringen Spannungsaufbau, mit den Vorteilen hoher Festigkeit und schneller Weiterbearbeitbarkeit verbindet.The aim of the present invention was therefore to provide a quick-drying gypsum composition, in particular for use as a leveling compound or for producing a floor covering, which has the advantages of known gypsum leveling compounds, in particular an advantageously low one Shrinkage and a low build-up of tension, combined with the advantages of high strength and faster further processing.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Aufgaben durch eine Zusammensetzung, umfassend

  1. a) etwa 20 bis 70 Gew.-% einer Mischung aus Calciumaluminat und Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder -Anhydrit und/oder -dihydrat als hydraulischen Bindemitteln, wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von Calciumaluminat zu Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat- und/oder -Anhydrit- und/oderdihydrat-Bindemitteln im Bereich von 1:1 bis 1:5 liegt, und
  2. b) etwa 30 bis 80 Gew.-% Füllstoffe, wobei sich die Gewichtsangaben jeweils auf das Trockengewicht der Gipszusammensetzung beziehen.
According to the invention, these objects are comprehensively achieved by a composition
  1. a) about 20 to 70% by weight of a mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or dihydrate as hydraulic binders, the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / ortihydrate binders ranges from 1: 1 to 1: 5, and
  2. b) about 30 to 80% by weight of fillers, the weight data relating in each case to the dry weight of the gypsum composition.

Calciumaluminat bezeichnet im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung anorganische Verbindungen, die im Wesentlichen aus Calciumoxid und Aluminiumoxid als Bestandteilen besteht. Abzugrenzen ist Calciumaluminat somit beispielsweise von Calciumaluminatzementen, die neben Aluminiumoxid und Calciumoxid noch wesentliche Anteile an Siliziumdioxid und Eisenoxiden enthalten. Calciumaluminate bezeichnen daher im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Verbindungen, in denen der maximale Gehalt an SiO2 und Eisenoxid (Fe2O3), bezogen auf das Gewicht der Verbindung, unter 15 Gew.-% liegt. Vorzugsweise beträgt die kombinierte Menge an CaO und Al2O3 mehr als 80 Gew.-%, weiter bevorzugt mehr als 85 Gew.-%, insbesondere mehr als 90 Gew.-%, und am meisten bevorzugt mehr als 95 Gew.-%. Diese Angaben beziehen sich auf die wasserfreie Zusammensetzung, d.h. ein etwaiger Wassergehalt des Calciumaluminats geht nicht in die Berechnung des Gehalts an Al2O3 oder CaO bzw. SiO2 oder Eisenoxid (Fe2O3) ein. Ein im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung geeignetes Calciumaluminat ist als Ternal RG von der Kerneos GmbH erhältlich.In the context of the present invention, calcium aluminate denotes inorganic compounds which essentially consist of calcium oxide and aluminum oxide as components. Calcium aluminate must therefore be differentiated from calcium aluminate cements, for example, which, in addition to aluminum oxide and calcium oxide, also contain significant proportions of silicon dioxide and iron oxides. In the context of the present invention, calcium aluminates therefore refer to compounds in which the maximum content of SiO 2 and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), based on the weight of the compound, is below 15% by weight. The combined amount of CaO and Al 2 O 3 is preferably more than 80% by weight, more preferably more than 85% by weight, in particular more than 90% by weight, and most preferably more than 95% by weight . This information relates to the anhydrous composition, ie any water content of the calcium aluminate is not included in the calculation of the content of Al 2 O 3 or CaO or SiO 2 or iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ). A calcium aluminate suitable for the purposes of the present invention is available as Ternal RG from Kerneos GmbH.

Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat bezeichnet im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung die Verbindung CaSO4 x ½ H2O, mit Calciumsulfat-Anhydrit ist die Verbindung CaSO4 (wasserfrei) gemeint, mit Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat ist die Verbindung CaSO4 x 2 H2O gemeintIn the context of the present invention, calcium sulfate hemihydrate denotes the compound CaSO 4 × ½ H 2 O, with calcium sulfate anhydrite the compound CaSO 4 (anhydrous) meant, with calcium sulfate dihydrate the compound CaSO 4 x 2 H 2 O is meant

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung als "Bindemittel" bezeichnete Stoffe zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie infolge eines Kontakts mit Wasser Wassermoleküle absorbieren und in das Kristallgitter einlagern. Ausgenommen von dieser Regel ist nur das Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat, das kein weiteres Wasser binden kann, aber aus Zweckmäßigkeitserwägungen als Bindemittel behandelt werden soll.In the context of the present invention, substances referred to as "binders" are distinguished by the fact that they absorb water molecules as a result of contact with water and store them in the crystal lattice. The only exception to this rule is calcium sulphate dihydrate, which cannot bind any further water, but should be treated as a binding agent for reasons of expediency.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung hat es sich als günstig herausgestellt, wenn das Gewichtsverhältnis von Calciumaluminat zu Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder Calciumsulfat-Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat im Bereich von etwa 1:1,6 bis 1:4, bevorzugt im Bereich von etwa 1:2 bis 1:3,5, und besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von etwa 1:2,1 bis 1:2,8 liegt. Zudem ist es mit Vorteilen verbunden, wenn die Gipszusammensetzung etwa 20 bis 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt etwa 35 bis 55 Gew.-% der Mischung aus Calciumaluminat und Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat- und/oder-Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat-Bindemittel enthält.In the context of the present invention, it has been found to be favorable if the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or calcium sulfate anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate is in the range from about 1: 1.6 to 1: 4, preferably in the range from about 1: 2 to 1: 3.5, and more preferably in the range from about 1: 2.1 to 1: 2.8. It is also advantageous if the gypsum composition contains about 20 to 60% by weight, preferably about 35 to 55% by weight of the mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate binder contains.

In Bezug auf die Calciumsulfat-Bindemittel ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, wenn diese im Wesentlichen aus Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat besteht, da ein zu hoher Anteil an Anhydrit zu einer zu schnellen Wasseraufnahme durch den Anhydritbestandteil führt, was die Verarbeitbarkeit der Zusammensetzung beeinträchtigen kann. Infolge dessen ist es bevorzugt, wenn von der Gesamtmenge an Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat, und -Anhydrit und Dihydrat mindestens 80 Gew.-%, bevorzugt mindestens 90 Gew.-%, und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 95 Gew.-% auf das Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat entfallen. Ein geeignetes Calciumsulfat-Bindemittel ist beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Hartformgips von der Saint-Gobain Formula GmbH erhältlich.With regard to the calcium sulfate binder, it is further preferred if it consists essentially of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, since too high a proportion of anhydrite leads to too rapid water absorption by the anhydrite component, which can impair the processability of the composition. As a result, it is preferred if, of the total amount of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate, at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, and particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, are accounted for by the calcium sulfate hemihydrate . A suitable calcium sulfate binder is available, for example, under the trade name Hartformgips from Saint-Gobain Formula GmbH.

Der Anteil an Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat an der Gesamtmenge an Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat, -Anhydrit und Dihydrat sollte nicht zu hoch sein, da das Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat nicht in der Lage ist Wasser zu binden. Es ist daher bevorzugt, wenn der Anteil des Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat 10 Gew.-% oder weniger, insbesondere 5 Gew.-% oder weniger, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat, -Anhydrit und Dihydrat-Bindemittel, beträgt. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform enthält die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat, -Anhydrit und Dihydrat-Bindemittel, an Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform enthält die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung weniger als 0,1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat, -Anhydrit und Dihydrat-Bindemittel, an Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat.The proportion of calcium sulfate dihydrate in the total amount of calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate should not be too high, as that Calcium sulphate dihydrate is not able to bind water. It is therefore preferred if the proportion of calcium sulfate dihydrate is 10% by weight or less, in particular 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention contains 1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders, of calcium sulfate dihydrate. In an alternative embodiment, the composition according to the invention contains less than 0.1% by weight, based on the total weight of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate, anhydrite and dihydrate binders, of calcium sulfate dihydrate.

Hinsichtlich der in die Gipszusammensetzung einzubeziehenden Füllstoffe unterliegt die Zusammensetzung keinen relevanten Beschränkungen, mit der Ausnahme, dass, wenn helle Gipszusammensetzungen formuliert werden sollen, keine Füllstoffe einbezogen werden sollten, die einen sehr dunklen Farbton aufweisen. Besonders geeignete Füllstoffe sind im Rahmen der Erfindung insbesondere carbonatische Füllstoffe, bevorzugt in Form von Calciumcarbonat wie beispielsweise Kalksteinmehl, und Sand, insbesondere Quarzsand. Ein besonders geeigneter Quarzsand weist eine Sieblinie im Bereich von etwa 0 bis 0,5 mm, bevorzugt im Bereich von etwa 0,08 bis 0,4 mm, auf. Ein weiterer geeigneter Quarzsand weist eine Partikelgröße im Bereich von etwa 0,1 bis 1 mm, bevorzugt von etwa 0,2 bis 0,8 mm auf.With regard to the fillers to be included in the gypsum composition, the composition is not subject to any relevant restrictions, with the exception that if light-colored gypsum compositions are to be formulated, fillers which have a very dark shade should not be included. Particularly suitable fillers in the context of the invention are in particular carbonatic fillers, preferably in the form of calcium carbonate such as limestone powder, and sand, in particular quartz sand. A particularly suitable quartz sand has a grading curve in the range from approximately 0 to 0.5 mm, preferably in the range from approximately 0.08 to 0.4 mm. Another suitable quartz sand has a particle size in the range from about 0.1 to 1 mm, preferably from about 0.2 to 0.8 mm.

Ein geeignetes Calciumcarbonat weist einen mittleren Teilchendurchmesser im Bereich von 2,5 µm und eine Kornlinie mit Rückstandsfreiheit von etwa 40 µm auf. Ein solches Calciumcarbonat wird beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Mikrosöhl durch die Firma Söhlde vertrieben. Ein geeignetes Kalksteinmehl weist eine Feinheit von < 0,1 mm auf.A suitable calcium carbonate has an average particle diameter in the range of 2.5 μm and a grain line with no residue of about 40 μm. Such a calcium carbonate is sold, for example, under the trade name Mikrosöhl by the Söhlde company. A suitable limestone powder has a fineness of <0.1 mm.

Hinsichtlich des Gehalts an Füllstoffen ist es bevorzugt, wenn dieser im Bereich von etwa 35 bis 75 Gew.-% liegt.With regard to the content of fillers, it is preferred if this is in the range from about 35 to 75% by weight.

Für die vorstehend beschriebenen Gipszusammensetzungen ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, wenn sie ein Lithiumsalz enthalten, das die Härtung der Zusammensetzung beschleunigt. Geeignete Lithiumsalze sind insbesondere Lithiumsulfat und Lithiumhalogenide, insbesondere Lithiumchlorid, sowie Lithiumcarbonat. Am meisten bevorzugt ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung die Verwendung von Lithiumcarbonat.It is further preferred for the plaster of paris compositions described above if they contain a lithium salt which accelerates the hardening of the composition. Suitable lithium salts are in particular lithium sulfate and lithium halides, in particular lithium chloride, and lithium carbonate. Most preferred in the context of the present invention is the use of lithium carbonate.

Die Lithiumsalze werden zweckmäßig in einer Menge von etwa 0,001 bis 0,05 Gew.-%, bevorzugt in einer Menge von etwa 0,005 bis 0,02 Gew.-%, in die Gipszusammensetzung einbezogen. Unterhalb einer Menge von 0,001 % ist die Konzentration des Lithiumsalzes zu gering um eine merklich beschleunigende Wirkung zu vermitteln, während ein Zusatz von mehr als 0,05 Gew.-% zu einer zu schnellen Härtung der Zusammensetzung führt, und somit deren Verarbeitbarkeit beeinträchtigt.The lithium salts are expediently included in the gypsum composition in an amount of about 0.001 to 0.05% by weight, preferably in an amount of about 0.005 to 0.02% by weight. Below an amount of 0.001%, the concentration of the lithium salt is too low to impart a noticeably accelerating effect, while an addition of more than 0.05% by weight leads to the composition hardening too quickly and thus impairs its processability.

Innerhalb der der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Untersuchungen hat sich zudem überraschend herausgestellt, dass der Zusatz von Weinsäure und/oder einem Weinsäuresalz positive Auswirkungen auf das Expansionsverhalten, hat und insbesondere eine zu starke Expansion des Materials unterdrückt. Besonders geeignet sind für diesen Zweck Alkalimetallsalze der Weinsäure, bevorzugt in Form von Natrium- oder Kaliumtartrat oder dem Mischsalz Natrium/Kaliumtartrat. Von diesen ist Natrium/Kaliumtartrat am meisten bevorzugt.Within the investigations on which the present invention is based, it has also surprisingly been found that the addition of tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt has positive effects on the expansion behavior and, in particular, suppresses excessive expansion of the material. Alkali metal salts of tartaric acid, preferably in the form of sodium or potassium tartrate or the mixed salt sodium / potassium tartrate, are particularly suitable for this purpose. Of these, sodium / potassium tartrate is most preferred.

Die Weinsäure und/oder ein Weinsäuresalz wird zweckmäßig in einer Menge von etwa 0,15 bis 0,005 Gew.-%, bevorzugt etwa 0,1 bis 0,01 Gew.-%, und besonders bevorzugt etwa 0,08 bis 0,015 Gew.-% in die Gipszusammensetzung einbezogen. Dabei führt eine Menge von weniger als 0,005 Gew.-% nicht zu einer signifikanten Beeinflussung des Expansionsverhaltens, während sich eine Menge von mehr als 0,15 Gew.-% in einer zu starken Verzögerung der Abbindegeschwindigkeit auswirkt, die dazu führt, dass keine ausreichenden Gebrauchseigenschaften, wie Festigkeit oder Oberflächenhärte, erzielt werden.The tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt is expediently used in an amount of about 0.15 to 0.005% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 0.01% by weight, and particularly preferably about 0.08 to 0.015% by weight % included in the plaster composition. An amount of less than 0.005% by weight does not have a significant effect on the expansion behavior, while an amount of more than 0.15% by weight results in an excessive retardation of the setting speed, which results in insufficient Performance properties, such as strength or surface hardness, can be achieved.

Die Gipszusammensetzung kann zusätzlich zu den bereits erwähnten Bestandteilen noch weitere übliche Bestandteile, insbesondere Fließmittel, Verdickungsmittel, Farbstoffe und/oder Farbpigmente, Entschäumer, Stabilisierungsmittel, Härtungsverzögerer und/oder Flexibilisierungsmittel, enthalten. Durch den Zusatz solcher an sich bekannter Additive können beispielsweise die Verlaufseigenschaften und das rheologische Verhalten verbessert und an die jeweiligen Anforderungen angepasst, eine Schaumbildung unterdrückt und/oder die Erstarrung (das Aushärten) des Spachtels verzögert werden. Die Gesamtkonzentration solcher Additive beträgt zweckmäßig zwischen etwa 0,1 und 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwischen etwa 0,5 und 5 Gew.-%, und besonders bevorzugt zwischen etwa 1 und 3 Gew.-%.In addition to the components already mentioned, the gypsum composition can also contain other customary components, in particular flow agents, thickeners, dyes and / or color pigments, defoamers, stabilizers, hardening retarders and / or flexibilizers. By adding such additives known per se, for example the flow properties and the rheological behavior can be improved and adapted to the respective requirements, foam formation can be suppressed and / or the solidification (hardening) of the filler can be delayed. The total concentration of such additives is expediently between about 0.1 and 10% by weight, preferably between about 0.5 and 5% by weight, and particularly preferably between about 1 and 3% by weight.

Als geeignete Farbstoffe in den erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzungen sind unter anderem Eisenoxide zu nennen. Als Flexibilisierungsmittel bzw. zur Verbesserung der Haftung auf dem Untergrund können organische Polymere, beispielsweise auf Basis von Vinylacetat und Ethylen, zugesetzt werden. Ein geeignetes Flexibilisierungsmittel ist unter dem Namen Vinnapas 5025 L von Wacker erhältlich.Suitable dyes in the gypsum compositions according to the invention include iron oxides. Organic polymers, for example based on vinyl acetate and ethylene, can be added as flexibilizers or to improve adhesion to the substrate. A suitable flexibilizer is available from Wacker under the name Vinnapas 5025 L.

Geeignete Stabilisierungsmittel sind Hydroxyethylcellulosen, die beispielsweise als Tylose H 20 P2 von ShinEtsu SE Tylose GmbH & Co. KG erhältlich ist.Suitable stabilizers are hydroxyethyl celluloses, which are available, for example, as Tylose H 20 P2 from ShinEtsu SE Tylose GmbH & Co. KG.

Geeignete Verdickungsmittel sind unter anderem Methylcellulosen, die beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Culmina®vertrieben werden. Zudem kann es zweckmäßig und wünschenswert sein, den erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzungen als Fließmittel einen "Superplastizier" zuzusetzen, beispielsweise in Form eines Polycarboxylatethers, der dem Fachmann im Bereich der Zementchemie ohne weiteres geläufig ist.Suitable thickeners include methyl celluloses, which are sold, for example, under the trade name Culmina®. In addition, it can be expedient and desirable to add a "superplasticizer" as a superplasticizer to the gypsum compositions according to the invention, for example in the form of a polycarboxylate ether, which is readily known to those skilled in the field of cement chemistry.

Ein geeigneter Verzögerer ist beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Retardan®P von der Sika Technology AG erhältlich. Weitere geeignete Verzögerer sind Natriumgluconat, oder Natriumcitrat.A suitable retarder is available, for example, from Sika Technology AG under the trade name Retardan®P. Other suitable retarders are sodium gluconate or sodium citrate.

Ein geeigneter Entschäumer ist beispielsweise unter dem Handelsnamen Foamstar PB1922 von BASF erhältlich.A suitable defoamer is available from BASF, for example, under the trade name Foamstar PB1922.

Wie es sich aus dem Vorstehenden ergibt, handelt es sich bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung um eine Zusammensetzung, deren Härtung im Wesentlichen auf der Aufnahme und Einlagerung von Wasser durch die Gips- und Calciumaluminat-Bindemittel bedingt wird. Dennoch ist nicht ausgeschlossen, dass die Gipszusammensetzung zusätzlich einen Anteil an Zementbindemitteln enthält, beispielsweise bis zu etwa 5 Gew.-%, bevorzugt jedoch nicht mehr als etwa 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere nicht mehr als etwa 1 Gew.-%, und am meisten bevorzugt nicht mehr als etwa 0,1 Gew.-% an Zementbindemitteln.As can be seen from the above, the gypsum composition according to the invention is a composition whose hardening is essentially caused by the absorption and storage of water by the gypsum and calcium aluminate binders. Nevertheless, it is not ruled out that the gypsum composition also contains a proportion of cement binders, for example up to about 5% by weight, but preferably not more than about 3% by weight, in particular not more than about 1% by weight, and am most preferably no more than about 0.1% by weight of cement binders.

Der Ausdruck "Zementbindemittel" bezeichnet im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung insbesondere Portland-Zemente, Portland-Kompositzemente und Hochofenzemente sowie Calciumaluminatzemente.In the context of the present invention, the term "cement binder" refers in particular to Portland cements, Portland composite cements and blast furnace cements and calcium aluminate cements.

Die erfindungsgemäße Gipszusammensetzung weist vorzugsweise infolge ihrer Härtung nach 28 Tagen ein Schwinden von nicht mehr als ± 0,5 mm/m auf, wenn die Härtung bei 25°C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit erfolgt. Darüber hinaus oder alternativ dazu ist es bevorzugt, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Gipszusammensetzung infolge ihrer Härtung nach 3 Stunden ein Schwinden von nicht mehr als ± 0,5 mm/m aufweist, wenn die Härtung bei 25°C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit erfolgt. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, wenn über den gesamten Härtungszeitraum von 28 Tagen bei einer Härtung bei 25°C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit kein Schwinden von mehr als ± 0,5 mm/m auftritt. Im Vorstehenden bezeichnet ein positiver Wert für das Schwinden eine Ausdehnung der gehärteten Zusammensetzung um den bezeichneten Wert, während ein negatives Schwinden ein Zusammenziehen der Zusammensetzung um den bezeichneten Wert kennzeichnet. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Schwinden gemäß dem im Beispielteil angegebenen Verfahren zu bestimmen.The gypsum composition according to the invention preferably has a shrinkage of no more than ± 0.5 mm / m as a result of its hardening after 28 days when hardening takes place at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. In addition or as an alternative to this, it is preferred if the gypsum composition according to the invention has a shrinkage of no more than ± 0.5 mm / m as a result of its hardening after 3 hours when hardening takes place at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. It is very particularly preferred in the context of the present invention if no shrinkage of more than ± 0.5 mm / m occurs over the entire curing period of 28 days with curing at 25 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. In the above, a positive value for the shrinkage indicates an expansion of the cured composition by the specified value, while a negative shrinkage indicates a contraction of the composition by the specified value. As part of the In the present invention, the shrinkage is to be determined according to the method given in the example section.

Dem Fachmann ist es ohne weiteres ersichtlich, dass die Mengen der einzelnen Bestandteile in der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung auch von der Applikation und insbesondere davon abhängen, wie dick das Material aufgetragen wird. Für eine dicke Schicht der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung ist beispielsweise ein Gehalt an Bindemittel im Bereich von etwa 20 bis 45 Gew.-%, insbesondere etwa 25 bis 40 Gew.-%, ausreichend, während der Gehalt an Füllstoffen in diesem Fall größer sein kann und insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 50 bis 80 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise etwa 55 bis 70 Gew.-%, und besonders bevorzugt etwa 60 bis 65 Gew.% liegt. Für eine dünne Schicht der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung wird hingegen zweckmäßig ein höherer Anteil an Bindemittel, insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 45 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt etwa 50 bis 60 Gew.-%, gewählt, während der Füllstoffanteil entsprechend geringer ist und insbesondere im Bereich von etwa 30 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt etwa 40 bis 45 Gew.-%, liegt. Eine dicke Schicht bezeichnet im Rahmen dieser Erfindung eine Schicht von 10 mm oder mehr, vorzugsweise 20 mm oder mehr, bis hin zu 60 mm oder mehr. Eine dünne Schicht ist demzufolge eine Schicht, die weniger als 10 mm dick ist und vorzugsweise eine Dicke im Bereich von 1 bis 6 mm aufweist.It is readily apparent to the person skilled in the art that the amounts of the individual components in the gypsum composition according to the invention also depend on the application and in particular on how thick the material is applied. For a thick layer of the gypsum composition according to the invention, for example, a content of binder in the range of about 20 to 45% by weight, in particular about 25 to 40% by weight, is sufficient, while the content of fillers in this case can be greater and in particular is in the range of about 50 to 80% by weight, preferably about 55 to 70% by weight, and particularly preferably about 60 to 65% by weight. For a thin layer of the gypsum composition according to the invention, on the other hand, a higher proportion of binder, in particular in the range of about 45 to 70% by weight, preferably about 50 to 60% by weight, is expediently selected, while the filler proportion is correspondingly lower and in particular The range is from about 30 to 50% by weight, preferably from about 40 to 45% by weight. In the context of this invention, a thick layer denotes a layer of 10 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or more, up to 60 mm or more. A thin layer is accordingly a layer that is less than 10 mm thick and preferably has a thickness in the range from 1 to 6 mm.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung enthält
8 bis 20 Gew.-% Calciumaluminat-Bindemittel,
25 bis 50 Gew.-% Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat,
5 bis 12 Gew.-% Calciumcarbonat als Füllstoff,
30 bis 55 Gew.-% Quarzsand,
0,01 bis 0,10 Gew.-% Kaliumnatriumtartrat, sowie
0,005 bis 0,015 Gew.-% Lithiumcarbonat.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the gypsum composition according to the invention contains
8 to 20% by weight calcium aluminate binder,
25 to 50% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate,
5 to 12% by weight calcium carbonate as filler,
30 to 55% by weight quartz sand,
0.01 to 0.10 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as
0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung zur Applikation einer dicken Schicht enthält
8 bis 15 Gew.-% Calciumaluminat-Bindemittel,
25 bis 40 Gew.-% Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat,
5 bis 15 Gew.-% Calciumcarbonat als Füllstoff,
40 bis 65 Gew.-% Quarzsand,
0,01 bis 0,15 Gew.-% Kaliumnatriumtartrat, sowie
0,005 bis 0,015 Gew.-% Lithiumcarbonat.Contains a particularly advantageous embodiment of the gypsum composition according to the invention for applying a thick layer
8 to 15% by weight calcium aluminate binder,
25 to 40% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate,
5 to 15% by weight calcium carbonate as filler,
40 to 65% by weight quartz sand,
0.01 to 0.15 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as
0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung zur Applikation einer dünnen Schicht enthält 12 bis 20 Gew.-% Calciumaluminat-Bindemittel,
30 bis 50 Gew.-% Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat,
8 bis 15 Gew.-% Calciumcarbonat als Füllstoff,
25 bis 45 Gew.-% Quarzsand,
0,01 bis 0,15 Gew.-% Kaliumnatriumtartrat, sowie
0,005 bis 0,015 Gew.-% Lithiumcarbonat.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the gypsum composition according to the invention for applying a thin layer contains 12 to 20% by weight calcium aluminate binder,
30 to 50% by weight calcium sulfate hemihydrate,
8 to 15% by weight calcium carbonate as filler,
25 to 45% by weight quartz sand,
0.01 to 0.15 wt% potassium sodium tartrate, as well as
0.005 to 0.015 wt% lithium carbonate.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, wenn die Zusammensetzung nach der Härtung für einen Tag bei 25°C und 75% relativer Feuchtigkeit einen Restfeuchtegehalt von unter 5 Gew.-% aufweist, wenn sie in einer Dicke von bis zu 60 mm auf ein Substrat aufgebracht wurde.In the context of the present invention, it is further preferred if the composition, after curing for one day at 25 ° C. and 75% relative humidity, has a residual moisture content of less than 5% by weight if it is up to 60 mm thick a substrate was applied.

Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Gipszusammensetzung nach Härtung für 28 Tage bei 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit und 25°C eine Druckfestigkeit von mindestens 30 N/mm2, bevorzugt mindestens 40 N/mm2 und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 45 N/mm2 aufweist. Die Obergrenze der Druckfestigkeit ist nicht wesentlich begrenzt, beträgt aber regelmäßig etwa 70 N/mm2, bevorzugt 60 N/mm2. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die gehärtete Gipszusammensetzung nach 28 Tagen bei 50% Luftfeuchtigkeit und 25°C eine Biegefestigkeit von 8 N/mm2, bevorzugt mindestens 10 N/mm2, und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 11 N/mm2 aufweist. Die Obergrenze für die Biegezugfestigkeit ist ebenfalls nicht wesentlich begrenzt, beträgt aber in der Regel 25 N/mm2, bevorzugt 20 N/mm2, und besonders bevorzugt 16 N/mm2.It is also preferred if the gypsum composition has a compressive strength of at least 30 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 40 N / mm 2 and particularly preferably at least 45 N / mm 2 after curing for 28 days at 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C. The upper limit of the compressive strength is not significantly limited, but is regularly about 70 N / mm 2 , preferably 60 N / mm 2 . Alternatively or additionally, it is useful if the hardened gypsum composition has a flexural strength of 8 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 10 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably at least 11 N / mm 2 after 28 days at 50% humidity and 25 ° C . The upper limit for the flexural tensile strength is also not significantly limited, but is as a rule 25 N / mm 2 , preferably 20 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably 16 N / mm 2 .

Darüber hinaus ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Zusammensetzung bereits nach kurzer Zeit, d.h., einem Tag (24 h), eine relativ hohe Druckfestigkeit und Biegezugfestigkeit aufweist. So weisen die erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen vorzugsweise nach Härtung für einen Tag bei 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit und 25°C eine Druckfestigkeit von mindestens 10 N/mm2, bevorzugt mindestens 18 N/mm2, und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 20 N/mm2 auf. Für die maximale Druckfestigkeit gelten die Angaben wie nach 28 Tagen Härtung. Generell ist die Druckfestigkeit jedoch nach einem Tag etwa um 50% geringer als nach 28 Tagen Härtung.In addition, it is preferred if the composition already has a relatively high compressive strength and flexural tensile strength after a short time, ie, one day (24 hours). Thus, the compositions according to the invention preferably have a compressive strength of at least 10 N / mm 2 , preferably at least 18 N / mm 2 , and particularly preferably at least 20 N / mm 2, after curing for one day at 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C. For the maximum compressive strength, the same applies as after 28 days of curing. In general, however, the compressive strength is around 50% lower after one day than after 28 days of curing.

Die Mindestbiegezugfestigkeit nach einem Tag bei entsprechenden Bedingungen liegt vorzugsweise bei mindestens 2 N/mm2, insbesondere mindestens 3,5 N/mm2 und besonders bevorzugt mindestens 4 N/mm2. Die Obergrenze der Biegezugfestigkeit kann nach diesem Zeitraum bei etwa 8 N/mm2, bevorzugt etwa 6 N/mm2 liegen.The minimum flexural tensile strength after one day under appropriate conditions is preferably at least 2 N / mm 2 , in particular at least 3.5 N / mm 2 and particularly preferably at least 4 N / mm 2 . The upper limit of the flexural tensile strength after this period of time can be around 8 N / mm 2 , preferably around 6 N / mm 2 .

Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Auftragen einer Gipszusammensetzung auf ein Substrat, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst:

  • Vermischen einer Gipszusammensetzung, wie sie im Vorstehenden beschrieben wurde, mit Wasser unter Bildung einer fließfähigen oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung,
  • Auftragen der fließfähigen oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung auf ein Substrat, und
  • Aushärten der Zusammensetzung.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for applying a plaster of paris composition to a substrate, comprising the following steps:
  • Mixing a gypsum composition, as described above, with water to form a flowable or pasty gypsum composition,
  • Applying the flowable or pasty gypsum composition to a substrate, and
  • Curing the composition.

Wie bereits vorstehend dargelegt, weist eine aus der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung hergestellte Spachtelmasse ein an die jeweiligen Anforderungen angepasstes rheologisches Verhalten auf, wobei dieses durch die Auswahl der Inhaltsstoffe und über das Verhältnis der Gipszusammensetzung zu Wasser einstellbar ist. Vorzugsweise wird die Zusammensetzung aus der erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzung mit Wasser in einem Massenverhältnis von Wasser/Gipszusammensetzungen von 0,10 bis 0,40, insbesondere von 0,12 bis 0,30, und vorzugsweise von 0,15 bis 0,26, zu einer fließfähigen oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung verarbeitet, wobei die Inhaltsstoffe der Gipszusammensetzung eine möglichst homogene Verteilung aufweisen sollten.As already explained above, a filler made from the gypsum composition according to the invention has a rheological behavior adapted to the respective requirements, this being adjustable through the selection of the ingredients and via the ratio of the gypsum composition to water. Preferably the Composition of the gypsum composition according to the invention with water in a mass ratio of water / gypsum compositions of 0.10 to 0.40, in particular from 0.12 to 0.30, and preferably from 0.15 to 0.26, to form a flowable or pasty gypsum composition processed, whereby the ingredients of the gypsum composition should have as homogeneous a distribution as possible.

Vorzugsweise ist die fließfähige oder pastöse Gipszusammensetzung selbst verlaufend. Des Weiteren ist eine so mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte fließfähige oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung vorzugsweise pumpfähig, so dass sie mit herkömmlichen, aus dem Bereich der Technik bekannten und dort verwendeten Pumpen an beliebige Stellen förderbar ist.The flowable or pasty gypsum composition is preferably self-leveling. Furthermore, a flowable or pasty gypsum composition produced in this way using the method according to the invention is preferably pumpable, so that it can be conveyed to any point with conventional pumps known from the field of technology and used there.

Hinsichtlich des Substrats, auf das die fließfähige oder pastöse Gipszusammensetzung aufgebracht werden kann, unterliegt die vorliegende Erfindung keinen relevanten Beschränkungen. Das Substrat sollte aber so beschaffen sein, dass die Gipszusammensetzung nach dem Trocknen fest auf dem Substrat haftet. Als Substrat kommen, neben allen Arten von Standarduntergründen, wie mineralische Estriche oder Trockenestriche, insbesondere Bodenbeläge, wie Holzdielenböden, festliegendes Parkett, Holzspanplatten, Holz-Zement-Platten, Altuntergründe mit keramischen Belägen, Altuntergründe auf der Basis von Estrichen jeglicher Art oder Beton in Betracht, sowie verformungsfreudige Untergründe, wie bituminöser Asphaltestrich. Ein besonders geeignetes Substrat ist ein Anhydritestrich.With regard to the substrate to which the flowable or pasty gypsum composition can be applied, the present invention is not subject to any relevant restrictions. However, the substrate should be such that the gypsum composition adheres firmly to the substrate after drying. In addition to all types of standard substrates, such as mineral screeds or dry screeds, in particular floor coverings such as wooden floorboards, fixed parquet, wood chipboard, wood-cement panels, old substrates with ceramic coverings, old substrates based on screeds of any kind or concrete come into consideration , as well as substrates that tend to deform, such as bituminous asphalt screed. A particularly suitable substrate is an anhydrite screed.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft eine Gipszusammensetzung, wie sie im Vorstehenden beschrieben ist, als Gipsspachtelmasse oder Estrich. Ebenso betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung die Verwendung einer Gipszusammensetzung, wie sie im Vorstehenden beschrieben ist, zur Herstellung eines Bodenbelags oder als Bestandteil eines Bodenbelags.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a gypsum composition, as described above, as a gypsum filler or screed. The present invention also relates to the use of a gypsum composition as described above for producing a floor covering or as a component of a floor covering.

Für die erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzungen ist speziell hervorzuheben, dass sie eine im Vergleich zu bekannten Gipsspachtelmassen beschleunigte Trocknung aufweisen, was dazu führt, dass nach dem Auftrag Zusammensetzung schneller mit der Weiterbearbeitung der damit beschichteten Oberfläche begonnen werden kann. Zudem lässt sich die Zusammensetzung durch einfaches Vermischen mit Wasser zu einer fließfähigen oder pastösen Zusammensetzung verarbeiten, die auf Bodenbelägen jeglicher Art bereits bei einer geringen Auftragsmenge eine Spachtelschicht ausbildet, die nach ihrer Härtung eine ausgezeichnete Druckfestigkeit und Biegezugfestigkeit aufweist.For the gypsum compositions according to the invention, it should be emphasized that they have accelerated drying compared to known gypsum fillers, which means that after the composition has been applied, further processing of the surface coated therewith can be started more quickly. In addition, the composition can be processed into a flowable or pasty composition by simply mixing it with water, which forms a leveling layer on floor coverings of any kind even with a small amount of application, which after its hardening has excellent compressive strength and flexural strength.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Gipszusammensetzungen werden nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The gypsum compositions according to the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments.

Beispiele:Examples:

Die Zusammensetzungen verschiedener Formulierungen sind in Tabelle 1 angegeben: Tabelle 1 Bestandteil Beispiel 1 Beispiel 2 Beispiel 3 Calciumaluminat 10 15 14 Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat 26 39 33 Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat 1 1 1 Calciumcarbonat (2,5 µm) 7 10 10 Sand (0,1 -0,3 mm) 21,54 33,54 27,54 Sand (0,2 -0,8 mm) 33 Kalksteinmehl 13 Vinnapas 5025 L 1 1 1 Superplasticizer 0,2 0,2 0,2 Litiumcarbonat 0,01 0,01 0,01 K/Na-Tatrat 0,1 0,1 0,1 Foamstar PB 1922 0,1 0,1 0,1 Tylose H 20 P2 0,05 0,05 0,05 The compositions of various formulations are given in Table 1: Table 1 component example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Calcium aluminate 10 15th 14th Calcium sulfate hemihydrate 26th 39 33 Calcium sulfate dihydrate 1 1 1 Calcium carbonate (2.5 µm) 7th 10 10 Sand (0.1-0.3 mm) 21.54 33.54 27.54 Sand (0.2-0.8 mm) 33 Limestone powder 13th Vinnapas 5025 L 1 1 1 Superplasticizer 0.2 0.2 0.2 Lithium carbonate 0.01 0.01 0.01 K / Na Tatrat 0.1 0.1 0.1 Foamstar PB 1922 0.1 0.1 0.1 Tylose H 20 P2 0.05 0.05 0.05

Dabei stehen Beispiel 1 für eine dickschichtige Anwendung und die Beispiele 2 und 3 für dünnschichtige Anwendungen. Die Beispiele unterscheiden sich im Bindemittelgehalt sowie in der Sieblinie der eingesetzten Füllstoffe. Alle Angaben in Tabelle 1 sind in Gewichtsteilen.Example 1 stands for a thick-layer application and Examples 2 and 3 for thin-layer applications. The examples differ in the binder content and in the grading curve of the fillers used. All data in Table 1 are in parts by weight.

Die Zusammensetzungen wurden in Bezug auf ihre Eigenschaften untersucht. Dazu wurde die Druckfestigkeit und Biegezugfestigkeit gemäß der DIN EN 196 Teil 1 bestimmt.The compositions were examined for their properties. For this purpose, the compressive strength and flexural strength were determined in accordance with DIN EN 196 Part 1.

Das Schwinden wurde in Anlehnung an DIN EN 13872 an Prüfkörpern in den Abmessungen 1∗4∗16 cm bestimmt. Abweichend von der Norm, die ein Ausschalen der Prüfkörper 24 h nach dem Anmischen der Zusammensetzung mit Wasser vorschreibt, wurden die Prüfkörper 3 Stunden nach dem Anmischen ausgeschalt. Anschließend wurden die Dimensionsänderungen in Längsrichtung über die Zeit nach Härtung für einen Zeitraum zwischen 3 h und 28 d bestimmt. Die Härtung erfolgte hierzu bei 25°C einmal bei 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit und einmal bei 75% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit. Die in der nachstehenden Tabelle 2 angegebenen Werte wurden als Differenz zwischen dem Maximum der Expansion und dem Minimalwert nach 28 Tagen bestimmt.The shrinkage was determined based on DIN EN 13872 on test specimens with the dimensions 1 ∗ 4 ∗ 16 cm. Deviating from the standard which prescribes stripping of the test specimens 24 hours after the composition has been mixed with water, the test specimens were stripped 3 hours after mixing. The dimensional changes in the longitudinal direction over the time after curing were then determined for a period between 3 hours and 28 days. For this purpose, curing took place at 25 ° C. once at 50% relative humidity and once at 75% relative humidity. The values given in Table 2 below were determined as the difference between the maximum of the expansion and the minimum value after 28 days.

Der Restfeuchtegehalt verschiedener Zusammensetzung wurde nach einem Tag (24 h) bei 25°C und 75% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit mit Hilfe eines CM-Geräts (Hersteller: Riedel-de-Haen) nach der Calciumcarbidmethode bestimmt. Die Bestimmung erfolgte in Anlehnung an DIN 18560 Teil 4. Abweichend von der in DIN 18560-4 beschriebenen CM-Methode wurde der Messwert nach 5 Minuten abgelesen.The residual moisture content of various compositions was determined after one day (24 h) at 25 ° C. and 75% relative humidity with the aid of a CM device (manufacturer: Riedel-de-Haen) using the calcium carbide method. The determination was carried out on the basis of DIN 18560 Part 4. In deviation from the CM method described in DIN 18560-4, the measured value was read off after 5 minutes.

Als Vergleichszusammensetzungen wurden zusätzlich die zementbasierten Zusammensetzungen "SCHÖNOX ZM Rapid" und "SCHÖNOX DE" sowie die gipsbasierte Zusammensetzung "SCHÖNOX AM PLUS" herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse der Bestimmung dieser Parameter sind der folgenden Tabelle 2 zu entnehmen: Tabelle 2: SCHÖNOX DE SCHÖNOX ZM Rapid SCHÖNOX AM-Plus Bsp. 1 Bsp. 2 Bsp. 3 Druckfestigkeit [N/mm2] 1 d 10,0 36,0 12,6 23,4 22,4 21,6 7 d 19,0 46,2 22,0 37,7 34,2 47,9 28 d 24,4 55,6 40,2 49,2 45,1 58,2 Biegezugfestigkeit [N/mm2] 1 d 3,2 7,0 2,5 4,1 3,9 3,9 7 d 6,5 9,7 6,8 8,8 6,1 5,2 28 d 7,6 8,8 12,3 12,3 10,1 10,5 Schwinden [mm/m] 50% r.F. -0,30 -0,65 -0,25 -0,38 -0,40 -0,20 Schwinden [mm/m] 75% r.F. -0,23 -0,45 -0,45 -0,15 -0,09 -0,12 Restfeuchtegehalt [CM-%] nach 24 h bei 25°C und 75% r.F. 3 mm / 1 d 5,3 2,4 4,5 3,1 3,9 4,0 10 mm / 1 d 7,2 3,7 6,0 3,6 5,0 5,0 20 mm / 1 d 8,9 --- 6,7 3,9 --- --- 40 mm / 1 d 10,8 --- 7,8 4,2 --- --- The cement-based compositions "SCHÖNOX ZM Rapid" and "SCHÖNOX DE" as well as the gypsum-based composition "SCHÖNOX AM PLUS" were also used as comparison compositions. The results of the determination of these parameters are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2: SCHÖNOX DE SCHÖNOX ZM Rapid SCHÖNOX AM-Plus Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Compressive strength [N / mm 2 ] 1 d 10.0 36.0 12.6 23.4 22.4 21.6 7 d 19.0 46.2 22.0 37.7 34.2 47.9 28 d 24.4 55.6 40.2 49.2 45.1 58.2 Flexural strength [N / mm 2 ] 1 d 3.2 7.0 2.5 4.1 3.9 3.9 7 d 6.5 9.7 6.8 8.8 6.1 5.2 28 d 7.6 8.8 12.3 12.3 10.1 10.5 Shrinkage [mm / m] 50% RH -0.30 -0.65 -0.25 -0.38 -0.40 -0.20 Shrinkage [mm / m] 75% RH -0.23 -0.45 -0.45 -0.15 -0.09 -0.12 Residual moisture content [CM-%] after 24 h at 25 ° C and 75% RH 3 mm / 1 d 5.3 2.4 4.5 3.1 3.9 4.0 10 mm / 1 d 7.2 3.7 6.0 3.6 5.0 5.0 20 mm / 1 d 8.9 --- 6.7 3.9 --- --- 40 mm / 1 d 10.8 --- 7.8 4.2 --- ---

Die Ergebnisse der Bestimmung des Schwindverhaltens über den Zeitraum von 3 h bis 28 d sind der Figur 1 (Trocknen bei 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit) und der Figur 2 (Trocknen bei 75% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit) zu entnehmen.The results of the determination of the shrinkage behavior over the period from 3 hours to 28 days are the Figure 1 (Drying at 50% relative humidity) and the Figure 2 (Drying at 75% relative humidity).

Aus den bestimmten Daten ergibt sich, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen eine im Vergleich zu konventionellen Gipszusammensetzungen (SCHÖNOX AM PLUS) schnelle Trocknung bei gleichzeitig sehr geringem Schwundverhalten zeigen. Gegenüber zementären Zusammensetzungen zeigen die erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen eine schnellere Trocknung bei vergleichbarem Schwinden (SCHÖNOX DE) bzw. geringeres Schwinden bei vergleichbarer Trocknung (SCHÖNOX ZM RAPID). Die erfindungsgemäßen Bindemittelzusammensetzungen eignen sich daher insbesondere für die Untergrundvorbereitung im Bodenbereich, wobei durch das relativ schnelle Aushärten und Trocknen die Gesamtverarbeitungszeit signifikant verkürzt werden kann.The specific data show that the compositions according to the invention show rapid drying compared to conventional plaster compositions (SCHÖNOX AM PLUS) with, at the same time, very low shrinkage behavior. Compared to cementitious compositions, the compositions according to the invention show faster drying with comparable shrinkage (SCHÖNOX DE) or lower shrinkage with comparable drying (SCHÖNOX ZM RAPID). The binder compositions according to the invention are therefore particularly suitable for the preparation of the subsurface in the soil area, the overall processing time being able to be shortened significantly due to the relatively rapid curing and drying.

Claims (15)

Gipszusammensetzung, umfassend - 20 bis 70 Gew.-% einer Mischung aus Calciumaluminat und Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder -Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat als hydraulischen Bindemitteln, wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis von Calciumaluminat- zu Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder-Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat-Bindemittel im Bereich von 1:1 bis 1:5 liegt, und - 30 bis 80 Gew.-% Füllstoffe,
wobei sich die Gewichtsangaben jeweils auf das Trockengewicht der Gipszusammensetzung beziehen. A gypsum composition comprising - 20 to 70 wt .-% of a mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate as hydraulic binders, the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate Dihydrate binder is in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 5, and - 30 to 80% by weight fillers,
wherein the weight data relate in each case to the dry weight of the gypsum composition. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis von Calciumaluminat- zu Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder -Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat-Bindemittel im Bereich von 1:1,6 bis 1:4, bevorzugt 1:2 zu 1:3,5 liegt.Gypsum composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of calcium aluminate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate binder in the range from 1: 1.6 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 2 to 1 : 3.5 lies. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie 20 bis 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 35 bis 55 Gew.-% der Mischung aus Calciumaluminat und Calciumsulfat-Hemihydrat und/oder-Anhydrit und/oder Calciumsulfat-Dihydrat-Bindemittel enthält.Gypsum composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains 20 to 60% by weight, preferably 35 to 55% by weight of the mixture of calcium aluminate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate and / or anhydrite and / or calcium sulfate dihydrate binder . Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Füllstoffe in Form von Sand und Calciumcarbonat und/oder Kalksteinmehl enthält.Gypsum composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains fillers in the form of sand and calcium carbonate and / or limestone powder. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Gehalt von 35 bis 75 Gew.-% an Füllstoffen aufweist.Plaster of paris composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a content of 35 to 75% by weight of fillers. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzlich ein Lithiumsalz, bevorzugt Lithiumcarbonat enthält.Gypsum composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally contains a lithium salt, preferably lithium carbonate. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Lithiumsalze bevorzugt in einer Menge von 0,001 bis 0,05 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt in einer Menge von 0,005 bis 0,02 Gew.-% enthält.Gypsum composition according to Claim 6, characterized in that it contains lithium salts preferably in an amount of 0.001 to 0.05% by weight, particularly preferably in an amount of 0.005 to 0.02% by weight. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzlich Weinsäure und/oder ein Weinsäuresalz, bevorzugt ein Alkalimetallsalz der Weinsäure, enthält.Gypsum composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally contains tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt, preferably an alkali metal salt of tartaric acid. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Weinsäure oder und/oder ein Weinsäuresalz in einer Menge von 0,15 bis 0,005 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,1 bis 0,01 Gew.-%, und besonders bevorzugt 0,08 bis 0,015 Gew.-% enthält.Gypsum composition according to claim 8, characterized in that it contains tartaric acid and / or a tartaric acid salt in an amount of 0.15 to 0.005% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.01% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.08 contains up to 0.015% by weight. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzliche Additive ausgewählt aus Fließmitteln, Verdickungsmitteln, Farbstoffen und/oder Farbpigmenten, Entschäumern, Stabilisierungsmitteln, Härtungsverzögerern und Flexibilisierungsmitteln enthält.Plaster of paris composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains additional additives selected from plasticizers, thickeners, dyes and / or color pigments, defoamers, stabilizers, hardening retarders and flexibilizers. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie infolge ihrer Härtung nach 28 Tagen ein Schwinden von nicht mehr als +/- 0,5 mm/m aufweist, wenn die Härtung bei 25°C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit erfolgt.Gypsum composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , as a result of its hardening, it exhibits a shrinkage of no more than +/- 0.5 mm / m after 28 days when hardening takes place at 25 ° C and 50% relative humidity. Gipszusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie infolge ihrer Härtung nach 3h ein Schwinden von nicht mehr als +/- 0,5 mm/m aufweist, wenn die Härtung bei 25°C und 50% relativer Luftfeuchtigkeit erfolgt.Gypsum composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , as a result of its hardening, it has a shrinkage of no more than +/- 0.5 mm / m after 3 hours when hardening takes place at 25 ° C and 50% relative humidity. Verfahren zum Auftragen einer Gipsspachtelmasse auf ein Substrat umfassend: - Vermischen einer Gipszusammensetzung wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 mit Wasser unter Bildung einer fließfähigen oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung, - Auftragen der fließfähigen oder pastösen Gipszusammensetzung auf ein Substrat, und - Aushärten der Zusammensetzung. A method of applying a gypsum filler to a substrate comprising: - Mixing a gypsum composition as in any one of claims 1 to 12 with water to form a flowable or pasty gypsum composition, - Applying the flowable or pasty gypsum composition to a substrate, and Hardening of the composition. Verwendung einer Gipszusammensetzung wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 als Gipsspachtelmasse oder Estrich.Use of a gypsum composition as in any one of claims 1 to 12 as a gypsum filler or screed. Verwendung einer Gipszusammensetzung wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 zur Herstellung eines Bodenbelags oder Bestandteil eines Bodenbelags.Use of a gypsum composition as in any one of claims 1 to 12 for the production of a floor covering or a component of a floor covering.
EP20206301.2A 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Fast drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid adhesive Active EP3805181B1 (en)

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EP3805181B1 EP3805181B1 (en) 2022-10-19

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EP22189989.1A Pending EP4129951A1 (en) 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Fast drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid adhesive
EP20206301.2A Active EP3805181B1 (en) 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Fast drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid adhesive
EP15741864.1A Ceased EP3126308A1 (en) 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Quick-drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid binder

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EP15741864.1A Ceased EP3126308A1 (en) 2014-03-31 2015-03-30 Quick-drying building material composition based on a mineral hybrid binder

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US (1) US10167229B2 (en)
EP (3) EP4129951A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2015239675B2 (en)
DE (1) DE202015009909U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2930291T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3805181T3 (en)
RS (1) RS63724B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015150319A1 (en)

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DE202016008979U1 (en) 2015-03-09 2021-02-26 Uzin Utz Aktiengesellschaft Construction chemical formulation
WO2017190766A1 (en) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-09 Basf Se Construction chemical formulation
US10112870B2 (en) 2016-12-12 2018-10-30 United States Gypsum Company Self-desiccating, dimensionally-stable hydraulic cement compositions with enhanced workability
CN107628790B (en) * 2017-09-28 2020-04-24 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 Decorative cement
CN112456931A (en) * 2020-12-15 2021-03-09 上海倚科材料科技有限公司 Polymer reinforced cement-based surface renovating mortar
EP4119522A1 (en) 2021-07-16 2023-01-18 Sika Technology AG Fast drying inclined floor screed
EP4201911A1 (en) 2021-12-22 2023-06-28 Sika Technology AG Quick-drying filling composition for decorative floor coverings
EP4223722A1 (en) 2022-02-04 2023-08-09 Sika Technology AG Fast-drying lightweight screed-mixture
CN117486513A (en) * 2023-10-08 2024-02-02 河南理工大学 Modified aluminate cement and preparation method and application thereof

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DE3218446A1 (en) 1982-05-15 1983-11-17 Rigips GmbH, 3452 Bodenwerder Binder for a construction material mix
EP0379477A1 (en) 1987-08-26 1990-08-01 Partek Ab A self-leveling slurry screed, and a dry product for use in preparing it.
WO1996035649A1 (en) 1995-05-11 1996-11-14 Redco N.V. Material with good fire-protecting properties and process for producing the same
DE19754826A1 (en) 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Konrad Schwarzl Low shrinkage cementitious hydraulic binder
DE10159339A1 (en) 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Akzo Nobel Nv Screeding mix comprises a calcium sulfate binder, another hydraulic binder and high-strength multi- or monofilament reinforcing fibers
DE20121423U1 (en) 2000-12-05 2003-01-16 Akzo Nobel N.V., Arnheim/Arnhem Screeding mix comprises a calcium sulfate binder, another hydraulic binder and high-strength multi- or monofilament reinforcing fibers
DE60304041T2 (en) 2002-04-24 2006-11-09 Lafarge Aluminates CALCIUM SULPHATES AND AN INTRICATIVE CALCIUM ALUMINATE COMPOUND CONTAINING ETTRINGITIVE BINDING AGENTS FOR SEALED MORTARS

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JP2005298221A (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Decorative mortar and decorative mortar cured product
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JP4382764B2 (en) * 2006-03-08 2009-12-16 住友大阪セメント株式会社 Cement composition for water-retained cured body, cement milk, water-retained cured body, and method for producing water-retained cured body
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3218446A1 (en) 1982-05-15 1983-11-17 Rigips GmbH, 3452 Bodenwerder Binder for a construction material mix
EP0379477A1 (en) 1987-08-26 1990-08-01 Partek Ab A self-leveling slurry screed, and a dry product for use in preparing it.
WO1996035649A1 (en) 1995-05-11 1996-11-14 Redco N.V. Material with good fire-protecting properties and process for producing the same
DE19754826A1 (en) 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Konrad Schwarzl Low shrinkage cementitious hydraulic binder
DE10159339A1 (en) 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Akzo Nobel Nv Screeding mix comprises a calcium sulfate binder, another hydraulic binder and high-strength multi- or monofilament reinforcing fibers
DE20121423U1 (en) 2000-12-05 2003-01-16 Akzo Nobel N.V., Arnheim/Arnhem Screeding mix comprises a calcium sulfate binder, another hydraulic binder and high-strength multi- or monofilament reinforcing fibers
DE60304041T2 (en) 2002-04-24 2006-11-09 Lafarge Aluminates CALCIUM SULPHATES AND AN INTRICATIVE CALCIUM ALUMINATE COMPOUND CONTAINING ETTRINGITIVE BINDING AGENTS FOR SEALED MORTARS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4129951A1 (en) 2023-02-08
EP3805181B1 (en) 2022-10-19
EP3126308A1 (en) 2017-02-08
US10167229B2 (en) 2019-01-01
RS63724B1 (en) 2022-12-30
AU2015239675A1 (en) 2016-10-20
US20170029333A1 (en) 2017-02-02
WO2015150319A1 (en) 2015-10-08
PL3805181T3 (en) 2023-02-06
AU2015239675B2 (en) 2018-10-04
DE202015009909U1 (en) 2021-06-02
ES2930291T3 (en) 2022-12-09

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