EP3781270B1 - Inspection system for maintenance free fire extinguishing devices - Google Patents
Inspection system for maintenance free fire extinguishing devices Download PDFInfo
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- EP3781270B1 EP3781270B1 EP19724619.2A EP19724619A EP3781270B1 EP 3781270 B1 EP3781270 B1 EP 3781270B1 EP 19724619 A EP19724619 A EP 19724619A EP 3781270 B1 EP3781270 B1 EP 3781270B1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- fire extinguisher
- pressure vessel
- fire
- extinguisher according
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/76—Details or accessories
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
- A62C13/62—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with a single permanently pressurised container
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/50—Testing or indicating devices for determining the state of readiness of the equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire extinguisher according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Stationary or portable fire extinguishers are often used to fight fires in buildings and vehicles. These fire extinguishers contain an extinguishing agent, which is already under pressure or will be pressurized in the event of a fire and is then to be sprayed in the direction of the fire with a defined flow rate and speed. If there is no more pressure in a fire extinguisher or the pressure cannot be built up, the fire extinguisher will no longer function. The functionality of the fire extinguishers must therefore be monitored regularly to determine whether pressure is still present or if pressure could be built up when in use. In addition, status checks must be carried out at defined intervals for certain critical fire extinguisher models.
- the extinguishing agent container and the extinguishing agent contained therein are only under pressure when in use. To check the operational readiness and the internal pressure of continuous pressure fire extinguishers, they are often provided with a manometer, as for example in EP 2759823 A2 , the
- Pressure gauges are sensitive measuring devices that can give incorrect pressure values over the years.
- Conventional manometers consist of moving measuring parts, which deform elastically due to chemical reactions or the effects of vapours. These measuring parts are connected to a pointer or an electronic sensor, which derives a pressure value from this movement or deformation.
- the needles on the pressure gauges usually remain motionless for years.
- condensation can form in the pressure gauge over time, which can corrode metal parts. In the known devices there is therefore a risk that the pressure gauges will freeze, no longer convey the current measured pressure condition, and thus a pressure loss of the extinguishing agent will not be detected.
- Charging fire extinguishers were developed in order to be able to check the inner workings of the metallic extinguishing agent container more easily, as this is not under constant pressure (see e.g EP0867205A1 ).
- charging fire extinguishers are also replaced annually or every 2-3 Opened for years to carry out status checks on the extinguishing agent container and the metal pressure bottle.
- the disadvantage of this practice is the fact that extensive maintenance work has to be carried out just to determine whether the inner coating of the extinguishing agent container is still in order and whether the pressure bottle still has a sufficiently high pressure and is not damaged by corrosion.
- Another particular disadvantage is that if the pressure bottle no longer works between two maintenance intervals, this cannot be seen from the outside. The fire extinguisher remains sealed even if the pressure bottle is no longer functional. This condition is misleading for the user, since he assumes that a sealed fire extinguisher is working properly.
- the object of the present invention is now to provide a fire extinguisher with an inspection system that allows the operational capability of the fire extinguisher to be checked reliably at any time with a simple visual inspection and without special specialist knowledge. This is intended to replace expensive and time-consuming inspection and maintenance work by a specialist with simple visual inspections by a layman.
- a further object according to the invention is the signaling of any malfunction detected by the inspection system by means of a communication system, so that such a malfunction can be automatically reported and rectified immediately after it occurs.
- the inspection system includes at least two pressure measuring devices, e.g. manometers, pressure sensors, etc., which independently measure the internal pressure of the pressure vessel.
- pressure measuring devices e.g. manometers, pressure sensors, etc.
- the pressure measuring devices are arranged in isobaric areas of the pressure vessel, which means that they should determine the same pressure values.
- An excessive deviation between the pressure values is therefore a sign of a malfunction in at least one of the two pressure measuring devices or of another problem which, however, does not necessarily impair the operational capability of the fire extinguisher.
- the pressure measuring devices can be arranged side by side at the same place or at two separate places of the pressure vessel.
- the inspection system with the pressure measuring devices is in the form of a single and compact part.
- the pressure measuring devices are as independent as possible from one another and are not exposed to the same damage, according to the invention they are not in direct contact with one another and are oriented differently. Ideally, they are installed in different places and have no common functional parts to avoid that a small defect affects the functionality of different pressure measuring devices at the same time.
- each pressure measuring device has a separate opening to the inside of the pressure vessel in order to avoid a local problem affecting several pressure measuring devices at the same time. To this risk yet To further reduce it, it is advantageous if the pressure measuring devices are based on different pressure measuring methods (e.g. analogue/digital).
- the inspection system is provided with a comparison unit, which records the pressure values and compares them with one another and/or with one or more predefined target values. If the comparison shows that one or more pressure measuring devices indicate inconsistent measured values or values that do not match the expected setpoint, an error message is displayed or triggered. Depending on which values do not correspond to the expected target value, it is indicated that there is only a problem or that the fire extinguisher is no longer operational.
- the inspection system also has an output system for signaling the measured values and/or any error messages. It is particularly advantageous if the output system is a display unit that allows a visual check, so that the operating status can also be determined without maintenance.
- the display unit can be, for example, a dial with a moving pointer, or a digital display.
- the output system additionally or instead includes a loudspeaker or buzzer for outputting an acoustic signal, eg for error messages.
- a color display for grading the operating status with, for example, green (ready for use), yellow (there is a problem) and red (not ready for use) is also conceivable.
- the output system for transmitting the measured values and/or any error messages to a remote control unit is additionally equipped with a communication system, which comprises a communication unit and a signaling device.
- the signaling device can emit an acoustic signal and/or a light signal.
- This therefore includes a speaker and / or a buzzer and / or a light bulb and / or one or more diodes that when receiving a Signal are triggered and activated by the communication unit.
- the fire extinguisher equipped with the communication system according to the invention can thus be localized quickly and without any problems.
- the communication unit can also have at least one receiver that can receive and process a signal from the environment.
- the receiver is a fire sensor and the signal received is the presence of smoke (in the case of a smoke sensor) or an increased temperature (in the case of a temperature sensor).
- the receiver receives a signal from a central firefighting system, a mobile device, a fire detector or another fire extinguishing device.
- the signal can be transmitted wirelessly (via radio, Wifi, Bluetooth, etc.) or electrically via a wired connection.
- This signal can be an information or status query or a fire alarm, which activates the signaling device so that the signal provided for this case is generated.
- the communication system has at least two receivers, including at least one fire or temperature sensor for activating the signaling device in response to a local fire event and at least one receiver for an electrical or electromagnetic signal for activating the signaling device in response to a request from another device.
- the communication unit also includes a transmitter with which fire reports or other information such as operating status reports can be transmitted to a central firefighting system, to a fire control system, to an inspection or control point, to other fire extinguishers or to mobile devices.
- the receiver is a fire sensor which is connected to the transmitter so that a fire can be detected and a fire alarm can be issued.
- Several fire extinguishers that are equipped with the localization and communication system according to the invention can therefore interact, exchange data such as fire reports and form a larger networked firefighting system. It is also conceivable to connect several such fire extinguishers to a central control unit to create a coordinated, centralized firefighting system.
- the communication system according to the invention not only serves to locate a fire extinguisher in the event of a fire, but also in other situations, e.g. when the device is being repaired or replaced.
- This work on the fire extinguisher is usually carried out by external, specialized companies, and the people involved are often unfamiliar with the premises and the positioning of the fire extinguishers. Every fire extinguisher must therefore be searched for.
- the receiver can also activate the signaling device on the basis of a received signal which is not a fire alarm.
- an inspector with a smartphone or tablet could walk past the premises, trigger the signal, activate the signaling device from a distance and, based on the activated signal, easily and quickly locate the fire extinguishers equipped with the communication system according to the invention and determine their operating status, carry out the necessary repair work or replace a defective fire extinguisher.
- the communication system provided Fire extinguisher can be located with GPS tracking.
- the data is transmitted by the communication unit dynamically, for example, as soon as a malfunction is detected, or periodically at regular intervals, or upon request from the remote control unit/control point, or even automatically as soon as the control unit is in the vicinity of the communication system.
- a maintenance officer could simply walk past the fire extinguishers that are equipped with the inspection and communication system and automatically receive messages or measured values on his mobile device (the control unit) in order to record and, if necessary, log the operating status of the fire extinguishers.
- the pressure vessel is made of corrosion-resistant, heat/cold-resistant and vibration-resistant material so that it is not affected by external influences such as moisture, vibration and temperature.
- Heat and cold resistant materials are materials that can withstand the internal pressure of the container over a wide range of temperatures, from negative temperatures to the very high temperatures encountered in the near a fire. It is also important for a permanent pressure vessel that there is no oxygen in the pressure vessel, but rather an inert gas such as nitrogen, so as not to negatively affect the long-term stability of the extinguishing agent.
- the material of the container can be printed directly, so that relevant information (instructions, notes, etc.) can be printed directly on its surface without the need for a separate sticker that can become detached again over time.
- Suitable materials for the pressure vessel are, for example, plastics or resins, which can also be used in combination with other materials in the form of composites.
- a composite material consisting of a flexible matrix with reinforcing fibers made of a material with high tensile and tear strength is particularly advantageous.
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- aramids particularly Kevlar
- resins particularly epoxy
- Suitable reinforcing fibers for composites are, for example, aramid fibers (in particular Kevlar fibers), PEEK fibers or carbon fibers (carbon fibers).
- the pressure vessel is reinforced with one or more Kevlar fibers that are wrapped around the vessel several times.
- a fire extinguisher with pressure vessel and inspection system which can be reliably checked for operational readiness with a simple check of the inspection system.
- expensive and time-consuming control and maintenance work by a specialist can be replaced with simple visual checks by a layman, e.g. the operator.
- the visual inspection can also be used to determine at any time and without specialist knowledge whether all the equipment of the inspection system, such as measuring devices and comparison units, are working properly or need to be checked or even replaced.
- any malfunction of the pressure vessel, the fire extinguisher and/or a component of the inspection system is automatically signaled by the inspection system to a remote control unit.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Feuerlöschgerät gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a fire extinguisher according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Zur Bekämpfung von Bränden in Gebäuden und in Verkehrsmitteln werden häufig stationäre oder tragbare Feuerlöschgeräte eingesetzt. Diese Feuerlöschgeräte beinhalten ein Löschmittel, welches im Brandfall bereits unter Druck steht oder unter Druck gesetzt wird und danach mit einer definierten Durchflussmenge und Geschwindigkeit in Richtung des Brandguts gespritzt werden soll. Besteht in einem Feuerlöscher kein Druck mehr oder kann der Druck nicht aufgebaut werden, wird der Feuerlöscher nicht mehr funktionieren. Die Funktionsfähigkeit der Feuerlöschgeräte muss also regelmässig überwacht werden, um festzustellen, ob noch Druck vorhanden ist bzw. im Nutzungsfall Druck aufgebaut werden könnte. Zusätzlich müssen bei bestimmten kritischen Feuerlöscher-Modellen in definierten Zeitabständen Zustandskontrollen durchgeführt werden.Stationary or portable fire extinguishers are often used to fight fires in buildings and vehicles. These fire extinguishers contain an extinguishing agent, which is already under pressure or will be pressurized in the event of a fire and is then to be sprayed in the direction of the fire with a defined flow rate and speed. If there is no more pressure in a fire extinguisher or the pressure cannot be built up, the fire extinguisher will no longer function. The functionality of the fire extinguishers must therefore be monitored regularly to determine whether pressure is still present or if pressure could be built up when in use. In addition, status checks must be carried out at defined intervals for certain critical fire extinguisher models.
Heute sind vor allem zwei Arten von Feuerlöschgeräten auf dem Markt erhältlich: Dauerdruck-Feuerlöschgeräte und Auflade-Feuerlöschgeräte. Bei Dauerdruck-Feuerlöschgeräten stehen der Löschmittelbehälter und das sich darin befindende Löschmittel dauernd unter Druck, so dass das Feuerlöschgerät bei Auslösung durch den Benutzer sofort einsatzbereit ist. Bei Auflade-Feuerlöschgeräten wird im Löschmittelbehälter der nötige Gasdruck in einer separaten Druckflasche gespeichert. Diese Druckflasche wird bei der Auslösung durch den Benutzer angestochen, so dass mit dem Überdruck aus der Druckflasche der Betriebsdruck im Löschmittelbehälter erreicht und das Löschmittel vom Feuerlöschgerät herausgetrieben wird. Der Löschmittelbehälter und das sich darin befindende Löschmittel stehen also nur im Benutzungsfall unter Druck. Zur Kontrolle der Betriebsbereitschaft und des inneren Drucks von Dauerdruck-Feuerlöschgeräten werden diese oft mit einem Manometer versehen, wie beispielsweise in der
Zusammenfassend kann festgehalten werden, dass heutige Feuerlöschgeräte regelmässig gewartet und sogar geöffnet werden müssen, um festzustellen, ob die Löschmittelbehälter und zusätzlich bei Auflade-Feuerlöschgeräten auch die inneren Druckflaschen korrodiert oder noch betriebsbereit sind. Diese Arbeiten müssen durch einen spezialisierten Fachmann durchgeführt werden und verursachen hohe Kosten und einen erheblichen logistischen Aufwand.In summary, it can be stated that today's fire extinguishers have to be regularly serviced and even opened to determine whether the extinguishing agent tanks and, in the case of charge fire extinguishers, also the internal pressure bottles are corroded or still operational. This work has to be carried out by a specialist and causes high costs and considerable logistical effort.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich nunmehr die Aufgabe, ein Feuerlöschgerät mit einem Inspektionssystem bereitzustellen, welches ermöglicht mit einer einfachen Sichtkontrolle jederzeit zuverlässig und ohne spezielle Fachkenntnisse die Einsatzfähigkeit des Feuerlöschgeräts zu überprüfen. Dadurch sollen teure und aufwändige Kontroll- und Wartungsarbeiten durch einen spezialisierten Fachmann durch einfache Sichtkontrollen durch einen Laien ersetzt werden. Eine weitere erfindungsgemässe Aufgabe ist die Signalisierung einer allfälligen durch das Inspektionssystem festgestellten Funktionsstörung mittels eines Kommunikationssystems, so dass eine solche Störung sofort nach dem Auftreten automatisch gemeldet und behoben werden kann.The object of the present invention is now to provide a fire extinguisher with an inspection system that allows the operational capability of the fire extinguisher to be checked reliably at any time with a simple visual inspection and without special specialist knowledge. This is intended to replace expensive and time-consuming inspection and maintenance work by a specialist with simple visual inspections by a layman. A further object according to the invention is the signaling of any malfunction detected by the inspection system by means of a communication system, so that such a malfunction can be automatically reported and rectified immediately after it occurs.
Diese Aufgabe löst ein Feuerlöschgerät gemäss Patentanspruch 1. Weitere Merkmale und Ausführungsbeispiele gehen aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen hervor und deren Vorteile sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert.This problem is solved by a fire extinguisher according to patent claim 1. Further features and exemplary embodiments emerge from the dependent claims and their advantages are explained in the following description.
Grundlage der Erfindung ist ein Feuerlöschgerät mit einem Inspektionssystem, das den inneren Druckzustand eines korrosionsresistenten, hitze-/kältebeständigen und vibrationsbeständigen Druckbehälters misst. Bei einem Dauerdruck-Feuerlöschgerät enthält der Druckbehälter direkt das Löschmittel, bei einem Auflage-Feuerlöschgerät befindet sich der Druckbehälter im Innern des Löschmittelbehälters. Die Anzeige des internen Druckzustands erlaubt es jedermann, auch dem Laien, ohne Weiteres festzustellen, ob der Druckbehälter noch unter genügendem Druck steht, also ob das Feuerlöschgerät betriebsbereit ist. Erfindungsgemäss sind zwei wesentliche Massnahmen zur Verbesserung der herkömmlichen Feuerlöschgeräte, insbesondere solcher mit langen Wartungsintervallen, vorgesehen:
- das Inspektionssyytem mit verbesserten, zuverlässigeren Mitteln zur Kontrolle des inneren Druckzustands; und
- die Fertigung des Druckbehälters aus korrosionsresistentem, hitze- und kältebeständigem und vibrationsbeständigem Material.
- the inspection system with improved, more reliable means of checking the internal pressure condition; and
- the production of the pressure vessel from corrosion-resistant, heat and cold-resistant and vibration-resistant material.
Diese zwei Massnahmen sind unumgänglich zur Gewährleistung der benötigten hohen Zuverlässigkeit der Druckmessung und -anzeige, wodurch aufwändige Kontroll- und Wartungsarbeiten hinfällig werden und durch eine einfache Sichtkontrolle ersetzt werden können. Speziell für Feuerlöschgeräte mit langen Wartungsintervallen sind diese Massnahmen Voraussetzung um die Betriebsbereitschaft jederzeit zu gewährleisten.These two measures are essential to ensure the required high level of reliability of the pressure measurement and display, which means that time-consuming control and maintenance work is no longer necessary and can be replaced by a simple visual inspection. These measures are a prerequisite for ensuring operational readiness at all times, especially for fire extinguishers with long maintenance intervals.
Das Inspektionssystem umfasst mindestens zwei Druckmesseinrichtungen, z.B. Manometer, Drucksensoren usw., welche den inneren Druck des Druckbehälters unabhängig voneinander messen.The inspection system includes at least two pressure measuring devices, e.g. manometers, pressure sensors, etc., which independently measure the internal pressure of the pressure vessel.
In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung sind die Druckmesseinrichtungen in isobaren Bereichen des Druckbehälters angeordnet, mithin sie die gleichen Druckwerte ermitteln sollten. Eine zu grosse Abweichung zwischen den Druckwerten ist also das Zeichen einer Fehlfunktion mindestens einer der beiden Druckmesseinrichtungen oder eines anderen Problems, welches aber nicht unbedingt die Einsatzfähigkeit des Feuerlöschgeräts beeinträchtigt.In a possible embodiment variant of the invention, the pressure measuring devices are arranged in isobaric areas of the pressure vessel, which means that they should determine the same pressure values. An excessive deviation between the pressure values is therefore a sign of a malfunction in at least one of the two pressure measuring devices or of another problem which, however, does not necessarily impair the operational capability of the fire extinguisher.
Die Druckmesseinrichtungen können nebeneinander an derselben Stelle oder an zwei separaten Stellen des Druckbehälters angeordnet werden. Gemäss der Erfindung liegt das Inspektionssystem mit den Druckmesseinrichtungen in Form eines einzelnen und kompakten Teils vor. Damit die Druckmesseinrichtungen jedoch voneinander möglichst unabhängig sind und nicht denselben Beschädigungen ausgesetzt werden, stehen sie gemäss der Erfindung nicht im direkten Kontakt miteinander und sind unterschiedlich orientiert. Idealerweise sind Sie an unterschiedlichen Stellen angebracht und weisen keine gemeinsamen funktionellen Teile auf um zu vermeiden, dass ein kleiner Defekt die Funktionsfähigkeit verschiedener Druckmesseinrichtungen gleichzeitig beeinträchtigt. Erfindungsgemäss hat jede Druckmesseinrichtung eine separate Mündung zum Inneren des Druckbehälters, um zu vermeiden, dass ein lokales Problem gleichzeitig mehrere Druckmesseinrichtungen beeinflusst. Um dieses Risiko noch weiter zu vermindern, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Druckmesseinrichtungen auf unterschiedlichen Druckmessmethoden beruhen (z.B. Analog / Digital).The pressure measuring devices can be arranged side by side at the same place or at two separate places of the pressure vessel. According to the invention, the inspection system with the pressure measuring devices is in the form of a single and compact part. However, so that the pressure measuring devices are as independent as possible from one another and are not exposed to the same damage, according to the invention they are not in direct contact with one another and are oriented differently. Ideally, they are installed in different places and have no common functional parts to avoid that a small defect affects the functionality of different pressure measuring devices at the same time. According to the invention, each pressure measuring device has a separate opening to the inside of the pressure vessel in order to avoid a local problem affecting several pressure measuring devices at the same time. To this risk yet To further reduce it, it is advantageous if the pressure measuring devices are based on different pressure measuring methods (e.g. analogue/digital).
Das Inspektionssystem ist mit einer Vergleichseinheit versehen, welche die Druckwerte erfasst und miteinander und/oder mit einem oder mehreren vordefinierten Sollwerten vergleicht. Wenn aus dem Vergleich hervorgeht, dass eine oder mehrere Druckmesseinrichtungen inkonsistente bzw. mit dem erwarteten Sollwert nicht übereinstimmende Messwerte angeben, wird eine Fehlermeldung angezeigt oder ausgelöst. Je nachdem welche Werte nicht dem erwarteten Sollwert entsprechen wird angezeigt, dass nur ein Problem vorliegt, oder dass das Feuerlöschgerät gar nicht mehr betriebsbereit ist.The inspection system is provided with a comparison unit, which records the pressure values and compares them with one another and/or with one or more predefined target values. If the comparison shows that one or more pressure measuring devices indicate inconsistent measured values or values that do not match the expected setpoint, an error message is displayed or triggered. Depending on which values do not correspond to the expected target value, it is indicated that there is only a problem or that the fire extinguisher is no longer operational.
Das Inspektionssystem weist ausserdem ein Ausgabesystem auf, zum Signalisieren der Messwerte und/oder allfälliger Fehlermeldungen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Ausgabesystem eine Anzeigeeinheit ist, die eine Sichtkontrolle zulässt, so dass auch ohne Wartung der Betriebszustand festgestellt werden kann. Die Anzeigeeinheit kann beispielsweise ein Zifferblatt mit einem beweglichen Zeiger sein, oder eine Digitalanzeige. In möglichen Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung umfasst das Ausgabesystem zusätzlich oder stattdessen ein Lautsprecher oder Summer zum Ausgeben eines akustischen Signals, z.B. für Fehlermeldungen. Auch eine farbliche Anzeige zur Abstufung des Betriebszustandes mit zum Beispiel grün (volle Einsatzbereitschaft), gelb (Problem liegt vor) und rot (keine Betriebsbereitschaft) ist denkbar.The inspection system also has an output system for signaling the measured values and/or any error messages. It is particularly advantageous if the output system is a display unit that allows a visual check, so that the operating status can also be determined without maintenance. The display unit can be, for example, a dial with a moving pointer, or a digital display. In possible embodiment variants of the invention, the output system additionally or instead includes a loudspeaker or buzzer for outputting an acoustic signal, eg for error messages. A color display for grading the operating status with, for example, green (ready for use), yellow (there is a problem) and red (not ready for use) is also conceivable.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist das Ausgabesystem zur Übertragung der Messwerte und/oder allfälliger Fehlermeldungen an eine ferne Kontrolleinheit zusätzlich mit einem Kommunikationssystem ausgerüstet, welches eine Kommunikationseinheit und eine Signalisierungsvorrichtung umfasst. Die Signalisierungsvorrichtung kann ein akustisches Signal und/oder ein Leuchtsignal ausgeben. Diese umfasst demnach einen Lautsprecher und/oder einen Summer und/oder eine Glühbirne und/oder eine oder mehrere Dioden, die beim Empfang eines Signals durch die Kommunikationseinheit ausgelöst und aktiviert werden. Im Brandfall oder falls eine Reparatur oder Kontrolle notwendig ist, kann das mit dem erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystem ausgerüstete Feuerlöschgerät damit problemlos und schnell lokalisiert werden.In a further preferred embodiment variant, the output system for transmitting the measured values and/or any error messages to a remote control unit is additionally equipped with a communication system, which comprises a communication unit and a signaling device. The signaling device can emit an acoustic signal and/or a light signal. This therefore includes a speaker and / or a buzzer and / or a light bulb and / or one or more diodes that when receiving a Signal are triggered and activated by the communication unit. In the event of a fire or if repairs or checks are necessary, the fire extinguisher equipped with the communication system according to the invention can thus be localized quickly and without any problems.
Die Kommunikationseinheit kann zudem über mindestens einen Empfänger verfügen, der ein Signal von der Umgebung entgegennehmen und verarbeiten kann. In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist der Empfänger ein Brandsensor und das entgegengenommene Signal das Vorhandensein von Rauch (im Fall eines Rauchsensors) oder eine erhöhte Temperatur (im Fall eines Temperatursensors). In einer anderen möglichen Ausführungsvariante nimmt der Empfänger ein Signal eines zentralen Brandbekämpfungssystems, eines mobilen Gerätes, eines Branddetektors oder eines anderen Feuerlöschgeräts entgegen. Die Übermittlung des Signals kann drahtlos (über Funk, Wifi, Bluetooth usw.) oder elektrisch über eine Drahtverbindung erfolgen. Dieses Signal kann eine Informations- bzw. Zustandsabfrage oder auch eine Brandmeldung sein, welches die Signalisierungsvorrichtung aktiviert, damit das für diesen Fall vorgesehene Signal generiert wird. In der bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist das Kommunikationssystem mit mindestens zwei Empfängern versehen, darunter mindestens ein Brand- oder Temperatursensor zur Aktivierung der Signalisierungsvorrichtung aufgrund eines lokalen Branderegnisses und mindestens ein Empfänger für ein elektrisches oder elektromagnetisches Signal zur Aktivierung der Signalisierungsvorrichtung aufgrund einer Anfrage eines anderen Geräts.The communication unit can also have at least one receiver that can receive and process a signal from the environment. In a possible variant embodiment of the invention, the receiver is a fire sensor and the signal received is the presence of smoke (in the case of a smoke sensor) or an increased temperature (in the case of a temperature sensor). In another possible embodiment variant, the receiver receives a signal from a central firefighting system, a mobile device, a fire detector or another fire extinguishing device. The signal can be transmitted wirelessly (via radio, Wifi, Bluetooth, etc.) or electrically via a wired connection. This signal can be an information or status query or a fire alarm, which activates the signaling device so that the signal provided for this case is generated. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the communication system has at least two receivers, including at least one fire or temperature sensor for activating the signaling device in response to a local fire event and at least one receiver for an electrical or electromagnetic signal for activating the signaling device in response to a request from another device.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Kommunikationseinheit zusätzlich einen Sender umfasst, mit welchem Brandmeldungen oder andere Informationen wie z.B. Betriebszustandsmeldungen an ein zentrales Brandbekämpfungssystem, an eine Brandfallsteuerung, an eine Inspektions- oder Kontrollstelle, an andere Feuerlöschgeräte oder an mobile Geräte übermittelt werden können. In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante des Kommunikationssystems ist der Empfänger ein Brandsensor, welcher mit dem Sender verbunden ist, so dass ein Brand detektiert und eine Brandmeldung ausgegeben werden kann. Mehrere Feuerlöschgeräte, die mit dem erfindungsgemässen Lokalisierungs- und Kommunikationssystem ausgerüstet sind, können also interagieren, Daten wie Brandmeldungen austauschen und ein grösseres vernetztes Brandbekämpfungssystem bilden. Ebenfalls denkbar ist es, mehrere solche Feuerlöschgeräte mit einer zentralen Kontrolleinheit zu verbinden, zur Schaffung eines koordinierten, zentralisierten Brandbekämpfungssystems.It is particularly advantageous if the communication unit also includes a transmitter with which fire reports or other information such as operating status reports can be transmitted to a central firefighting system, to a fire control system, to an inspection or control point, to other fire extinguishers or to mobile devices. In one possible embodiment variant of the communication system, the receiver is a fire sensor which is connected to the transmitter so that a fire can be detected and a fire alarm can be issued. Several fire extinguishers that are equipped with the localization and communication system according to the invention can therefore interact, exchange data such as fire reports and form a larger networked firefighting system. It is also conceivable to connect several such fire extinguishers to a central control unit to create a coordinated, centralized firefighting system.
In einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung dient das erfindungsgemässe Kommunikationssystem nicht nur der Lokalisierung eines Feuerlöschgeräts im Brandfall, aber auch in anderen Situationen, z.B. bei einer Reparatur oder dem Ersatz des Geräts. Diese Arbeiten am Feuerlöscher werden in der Regel durch externe, spezialisierte Firmen durchgeführt, und die entsprechenden Personen sind mit den Räumlichkeiten und der Positionierung der Feuerlöschgeräte oft nicht vertraut. Jedes Feuerlöschgerät muss also gesucht werden. Um diesen Aufwand zu verringern, kann der Empfänger auch aufgrund eines empfangenen Signals, welches keine Brandmeldung ist, die Signalisierungsvorrichtung aktivieren. So könnte z.B. ein Kontrolleur mit einem Smartphone oder einem Tablet in den Räumlichkeiten vorbeigehen, das Signal auslösen, die Signalisierungsvorrichtung aus der Entfernung aktivieren und aufgrund des aktivierten Signals die mit dem erfindungsgemässen Kommunikationssystem ausgerüsteten Feuerlöschgeräte einfach und schnell lokalisieren und deren Betriebszustand ermitteln, benötigte Reparaturarbeiten durchführen oder ein defektes Feuerlöschgerät ersetzen.In a possible variant embodiment of the invention, the communication system according to the invention not only serves to locate a fire extinguisher in the event of a fire, but also in other situations, e.g. when the device is being repaired or replaced. This work on the fire extinguisher is usually carried out by external, specialized companies, and the people involved are often unfamiliar with the premises and the positioning of the fire extinguishers. Every fire extinguisher must therefore be searched for. In order to reduce this effort, the receiver can also activate the signaling device on the basis of a received signal which is not a fire alarm. For example, an inspector with a smartphone or tablet could walk past the premises, trigger the signal, activate the signaling device from a distance and, based on the activated signal, easily and quickly locate the fire extinguishers equipped with the communication system according to the invention and determine their operating status, carry out the necessary repair work or replace a defective fire extinguisher.
In weiteren möglichen Ausführungsvarianten der Erfindung kann das mit dem Kommunikationssystem versehene Feuerlöschgerät mit GPS-Ortung lokalisiert werden.In further possible embodiment variants of the invention, the communication system provided Fire extinguisher can be located with GPS tracking.
Im Normalzustand erfolgt die Übertragung der Daten durch die Kommunikationseinheit beispielsweise dynamisch, sobald eine Fehlfunktion erkannt wird, oder periodisch in regelmässigen Intervallen, oder auf Abfrage der fernen Kontrolleinheit/Kontrollstelle oder sogar automatisch, sobald sich die Kontrolleinheit in der Nähe des Kommunikationssystems befindet. So könnte ein Wartungsbeauftragter einfach an den Feuerlöschgeräten, die mit dem Inspektions- und Kommunikationssystem versehen sind, vorbeigehen, und automatisch Meldungen oder Messwerte auf seinem mobilen Gerät (der Kontrolleinheit) erhalten, um den Betriebszustand der Feuerlöschgeräte festzuhalten und allenfalls zu protokollieren.In the normal state, the data is transmitted by the communication unit dynamically, for example, as soon as a malfunction is detected, or periodically at regular intervals, or upon request from the remote control unit/control point, or even automatically as soon as the control unit is in the vicinity of the communication system. For example, a maintenance officer could simply walk past the fire extinguishers that are equipped with the inspection and communication system and automatically receive messages or measured values on his mobile device (the control unit) in order to record and, if necessary, log the operating status of the fire extinguishers.
Wichtig ist, dass der Druckbehälter aus korrosionsresistentem, hitze-/kältebeständigem und vibrationsbeständigem Material besteht, damit dieser von äusseren Einflüssen wie Feuchtigkeit, Vibration und Temperatur nicht beeinflusst wird. Hitze- und kältebeständige Materialien sind Materialien, die den inneren Druck des Behälters über einen grossen Temperaturbereich ertragen können, von negativen Temperaturen bis zu sehr hohen Temperaturen die in der Nähe eines Brandes auftreten können. Weiter ist bei einem Dauerdruckbehälter wichtig, das sich im Druckbehälter kein Sauerstoff, sondern ein Edelgas, z.B. Stickstoff befindet, um die langjährige Stabilität des Löschmittels nicht negativ zu beeinflussen.It is important that the pressure vessel is made of corrosion-resistant, heat/cold-resistant and vibration-resistant material so that it is not affected by external influences such as moisture, vibration and temperature. Heat and cold resistant materials are materials that can withstand the internal pressure of the container over a wide range of temperatures, from negative temperatures to the very high temperatures encountered in the near a fire. It is also important for a permanent pressure vessel that there is no oxygen in the pressure vessel, but rather an inert gas such as nitrogen, so as not to negatively affect the long-term stability of the extinguishing agent.
Erfindungsgemäß ist das Material des Behälters direkt bedruckbar, damit relevante Informationen (Anleitung, Hinweise, etc.) direkt auf seiner Oberfläche aufgedruckt werden können, ohne dass ein separater Aufkleber benötigt wird, der sich allenfalls im Laufe der Zeit wieder ablösen kann.According to the invention, the material of the container can be printed directly, so that relevant information (instructions, notes, etc.) can be printed directly on its surface without the need for a separate sticker that can become detached again over time.
Geeignete Materialien für den Druckbehälter sind z.B. Kunststoffe oder Harze, welche auch in Kombination mit anderen Materialien in Form von Verbundstoffen eingesetzt werden können. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung eines Verbundstoffs bestehend aus einer flexiblen Matrix mit Verstärkerungsfasern aus einem Material mit hoher Zugund Reissfestigkeit. Beispielsweise können PEEK (Polyetheretherketon), Aramide (insbesondere Kevlar) oder Harze (insbesondere Epoxidharz) für die Herstellung der verschiedenen Bestandteile des Druckbehälters einzeln oder als Matrix eines Verbundstoffs benutzt werden. Geeignete Verstärkerungsfasern für Verbundstoffe sind beispielsweise Aramidfasern (insbesondere Kevlarfasern), PEEK-Fasern oder Kohlenstofffasern (Karbonfasern). In der bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist der Druckbehälter mit einer oder mehreren Kevlarfasern verstärkt, die mehrmals um den Behälter gewickelt sind.Suitable materials for the pressure vessel are, for example, plastics or resins, which can also be used in combination with other materials in the form of composites. The use of a composite material consisting of a flexible matrix with reinforcing fibers made of a material with high tensile and tear strength is particularly advantageous. For example, PEEK (polyetheretherketone), aramids (particularly Kevlar), or resins (particularly epoxy) can be used to fabricate the various components of the pressure vessel individually or as a matrix of a composite. Suitable reinforcing fibers for composites are, for example, aramid fibers (in particular Kevlar fibers), PEEK fibers or carbon fibers (carbon fibers). In the preferred In one variant, the pressure vessel is reinforced with one or more Kevlar fibers that are wrapped around the vessel several times.
Mit den vorgestellten Massnahmen wird ein Feuerlöschgerät mit Druckbehälter und Inspektionssystem bereitgestellt, welches mit einer einfachen Kontrolle des Inspektionssystems zuverlässig auf die Einsatzfähigkeit überprüft werden kann. Dadurch können teure und aufwändige Kontroll- und Wartungsarbeiten durch einen spezialisierten Fachmann mit einfachen Sichtkontrollen durch einen Laien, z.B. den Betreiber, ersetzt werden. Neben der Einsatzbereitschaft des Feuerlöschgerätes kann die Sichtkontrolle auch dazu dienen, jederzeit und ohne Fachkenntnisse zu ermitteln ob sämtliche Einrichtungen des Inspektionssystems, wie Messgeräte, und Vergleichseinheit, ordnungsgemäss funktionieren oder allenfalls überprüft oder gar ersetzt werden müssen.With the measures presented, a fire extinguisher with pressure vessel and inspection system is provided, which can be reliably checked for operational readiness with a simple check of the inspection system. As a result, expensive and time-consuming control and maintenance work by a specialist can be replaced with simple visual checks by a layman, e.g. the operator. In addition to the operational readiness of the fire extinguisher, the visual inspection can also be used to determine at any time and without specialist knowledge whether all the equipment of the inspection system, such as measuring devices and comparison units, are working properly or need to be checked or even replaced.
Zusätzlich ist vorgesehen, dass eine allfällige Funktionsstörung des Druckbehälters, des Feuerlöschgeräts und oder eines Bestandteils des Inspektionssystems durch das Inspektionssystem automatisch an eine ferne Kontrolleinheit signalisiert wird.In addition, it is provided that any malfunction of the pressure vessel, the fire extinguisher and/or a component of the inspection system is automatically signaled by the inspection system to a remote control unit.
Claims (10)
- Fire extinguishing device comprisinga pressure vessel andan inspection system,wherein the pressure vessel is made of corrosion-resistant, heat- and coldresistant, vibration-resistant and directly printable material,the inspection system comprises a comparison unit and two pressure measuring devices which are connected to the pressure vessel in a vibration-resistant manner and which measure the internal pressure of the pressure vessel independently of one another,the comparison unit records the values measured by the pressure measuring devices, compares and signals them by means of an output system, whereinthe inspection system is in the form of a single part, the pressure measuring devices are not in direct contact with each other, are oriented differently and have no common functional parts, and each pressure measuring device has a separate opening to the inside of the pressure vessel.
- Fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the pressure vessel is wholly or partly made of plastic or resin. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the pressure vessel is made of a composite material with a flexible matrix and reinforcing fibers made of a material with high tensile strength and tear resistance. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 3,
characterized in that
the pressure vessel comprises one or more Kevlar fibers wrapped multiple times around the vessel. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the pressure vessel is directly printed with instructions or notices. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the output system is a display that allows visual inspection. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the output system is a speaker or buzzer for outputting an acoustic signal. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the inspection system includes a communication system which is adapted to transmit measured values and/or any error messages to a remote control unit. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the communication system comprises a signaling device and has at least one receiver, the receiver accepts a received signal, processes it and triggers the signaling device. - Fire extinguisher according to claim 9,
characterized in that
a receiver is a fire sensor, for example a smoke or a temperature sensor.
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EP18167559.6A EP3556440A1 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2018-04-16 | Inspection system for fire-extinguisher devices |
EP18170028.7A EP3563907A1 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2018-04-30 | Location and communication system for fire extinguishing devices |
PCT/IB2019/053062 WO2019202457A2 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2019-04-15 | Maintenance-free fire extinguisher having an inspection system |
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EP3781270A2 EP3781270A2 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
EP3781270B1 true EP3781270B1 (en) | 2022-10-05 |
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EP19724619.2A Active EP3781270B1 (en) | 2018-04-16 | 2019-04-15 | Inspection system for maintenance free fire extinguishing devices |
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EP (1) | EP3781270B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111954561B (en) |
DK (1) | DK3781270T3 (en) |
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WO (1) | WO2019202457A2 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6585055B2 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 2003-07-01 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Remote fire extinguisher station inspection |
DE10210925A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-10-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Procedure for checking the functionality of a pressure sensor |
GB2474526B (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2016-08-24 | Carr Roger | Fibre wound vessel |
CN201815043U (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-05-04 | 周晔 | Pressure gauge based on wireless sensor network and intelligent fire extinguisher |
PT2938410T (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2017-06-26 | Bp S R L S | Equipment for the remote control of fire extinguishers and / or hydrants |
DE102013201202B4 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and arrangement for monitoring the pressure of a gas in a container |
CN104998364B (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-10-12 | 陈春来 | A kind of fire extinguisher with look facility |
CN206479274U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-09-08 | 上海东软医疗科技有限公司 | Pressure monitor system |
CN208804220U (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2019-04-30 | 南通睿智超临界科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Intelligent Pressure container |
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- 2019-04-15 ES ES19724619T patent/ES2934861T3/en active Active
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ES2934861T3 (en) | 2023-02-27 |
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DK3781270T3 (en) | 2023-01-09 |
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