EP3779208B1 - Axial or radial fan with bypass channel in electronics enclosure - Google Patents

Axial or radial fan with bypass channel in electronics enclosure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3779208B1
EP3779208B1 EP20186423.8A EP20186423A EP3779208B1 EP 3779208 B1 EP3779208 B1 EP 3779208B1 EP 20186423 A EP20186423 A EP 20186423A EP 3779208 B1 EP3779208 B1 EP 3779208B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axial
outflow opening
set forth
motor
centrifugal fan
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EP20186423.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3779208A1 (en
Inventor
Sven Walter
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Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5813—Cooling the control unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0613—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/082—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit having provision for cooling the motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axial or radial fan with a bypass channel in the electronics housing for cooling the motor electronics.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an axial or centrifugal fan that has improved cooling of the motor electronics with the least possible and cost-effective use of materials.
  • an axial or centrifugal fan is proposed with a motor and a fan wheel that can be driven by the motor and rotated about an axis of rotation.
  • Motor electronics are arranged axially adjacent to the motor and accommodated in an electronics housing.
  • At least one continuous bypass channel is formed in the electronics housing, which extends from an inflow opening on an axial end face of the electronics housing opposite the fan wheel in the axial direction to the motor electronics and then runs radially outwards along the motor electronics to a radial outflow opening on the electronics housing.
  • the outflow opening is formed on the pressure side or adjacent to the pressure side, so that a negative pressure is generated in a section of the bypass channel adjacent to the outflow opening.
  • the exhaust air flow generated by the fan wheel is used twice.
  • a negative pressure is generated by the Bernoulli effect by flowing past the outflow opening in the bypass duct
  • each axial fan an axial return flow, which runs from the pressure side back in the direction of the suction side and thus flows towards the inflow opening on the axial end face of the electronics housing opposite the fan wheel.
  • This generates a flow of cooling air, which is formed by an axial inflow into the inflow opening, a flow through the bypass channel and the outflow from the outflow opening.
  • the cooling air flow is then discharged into the environment by the blow-out air flow of the fan wheel. If the exhaust air flow does not flow directly past the outflow opening, such as in the case of a radial axial fan, the exhaust air flow nevertheless generates a pressure difference that extends into the bypass duct and generates a cooling air flow.
  • the motor electronics are arranged axially directly adjacent to the motor and an outlet of the fan wheel on the pressure side runs in a radial plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the outlet of the fan wheel is defined as the axial edge plane of the fan wheel facing the electronics housing.
  • an embodiment of the axial or radial fan provides that the outflow opening on the electronics housing is spaced axially relative to the fan wheel.
  • the outflow opening preferably borders on the axial edge plane of the fan wheel facing the electronics housing.
  • the bypass duct has a nozzle-shaped course from the inflow opening to the outflow opening in one embodiment variant.
  • the channel walls delimiting the bypass channel are aligned in such a way that the cross-sectional area through which flow can take place towards the outlet opening is reduced at least locally in order to use the principle of the Venturi nozzle.
  • the axial or radial fan is characterized in that the bypass channel runs in the circumferential direction in a locally limited manner in the electronics housing. Cooling only takes place for particularly hot components in the engine electronics. Additional components or fastening means that are independent of the bypass channel can be provided in the remaining circumferential section of the electronics housing.
  • a development of the axial or radial fan provides that an air guiding element is arranged in the electronics housing, which forms a channel wall of the bypass channel that extends radially outwards in the direction of the outflow opening.
  • the air guide element can be used to deflect the cooling air flow, which initially flows in in the axial direction, in the radial direction and to guide it to the outflow opening.
  • the air guiding element preferably protrudes a little radially outwards relative to the lateral surface of the electronics housing and forms the bypass channel on one side axially further than the electronics housing itself.
  • a ring element which protrudes radially from a lateral surface of the electronics housing and delimits an axial side of the outflow opening is also arranged on the outflow opening.
  • the axial flow generated by the fan impinges on the ring element and increases the negative pressure at the outflow opening and consequently accelerates the flow speed of the cooling air flow through the bypass channel. This in turn increases the heat dissipation.
  • the ring element has a peripheral axial projection at its radially outer end, which extends in the direction of the fan wheel.
  • an advantageous embodiment provides that the ring element and the air guiding element overlap one another and the ring element forms a radial continuation of the air guiding element.
  • the bypass duct is thus led out of the electronics housing axially on one side and is in direct operative connection with the exhaust air flow generated by the fan wheel.
  • the axial or centrifugal fan is characterized in a further development in that several cooling ribs are formed on the electronics housing in the bypass channel, which extend radially to the outflow opening and on a channel wall of the bypass channel that adjoins the motor electronics. Cooling fins are a well-known measure for heat dissipation. In the present case, it is particularly favorable that the cooling fins run along and in the bypass channel and the cooling air flow flows around them.
  • the air guide element that delimits the bypass channel and guides the flow of cooling air radially outward preferably rests on an axial end face of the cooling ribs. This creates a plurality of bypass channels adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction.
  • the axial or radial fan in one embodiment also includes a cooling ring surrounding the outflow opening with blades arranged or formed on it, which is connected to the motor or the fan wheel and rotates radially on the outside around the outflow opening during operation.
  • the blades create an additional suction of the cooling air flow from the outflow opening of the bypass channel.
  • the cooling ring is preferably arranged axially adjacent and spaced apart from the ring element by a flow gap.
  • the electronics housing is made of plastic.
  • the material thickness is deliberately kept low and can be produced by injection molding. Contrary to the frequent practice of material accumulation, small wall thicknesses are provided by means of plastic, which favors the promotion of heat via the cooling air flow.
  • plastic is cheaper as a material than aluminum, for example.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 a first variant of an axial fan 1 is shown with the motor 2 designed as an external rotor motor and the fan wheel 3 attached thereto, which encloses the motor 2 radially on the outside with its hub.
  • a plurality of fan blades 23 arranged in a blade ring extends from the hub along the axis of rotation Viewed axially adjacent to the motor 2 is the motor electronics 4 , which is accommodated by the electronics housing 8 .
  • the continuous bypass channel 9 is formed in the electronics housing 8, which initially extends in the axial direction from the inflow opening 7 on the axial end face of the electronics housing 8 to the motor electronics 4 and then radially outwards along it of the motor electronics 4 (printed circuit board) to the radial outflow opening 6 of the electronics housing 8 runs.
  • the inflow opening 7 can be designed as a hole, holes, slot or recess in the electronics housing 8 .
  • the electronics housing 8 covers the motor electronics 4 and encapsulates them from the environment.
  • the bypass channel 9 extends in the circumferential direction only over the predetermined part of the electronics housing 8, so that it can be closed in the remaining section.
  • the outflow opening 6 is on the pressure side D opposite the outlet 10 of the fan wheel 3, i.e. the outlet edge plane of the fan wheel 3, axially directly adjacent or axially spaced, so that the blow-out air flow sucked in from the suction side S and exiting on the pressure side D flows past the outflow opening 6 and in the bypass channel 9 generates a negative pressure.
  • the plate-shaped air guide element 13 extending radially outward perpendicularly to the axis of rotation is arranged in the electronics housing 8 and forms the upper part of the duct wall of the bypass duct 9 in its radially outwardly extending section. All other channel walls are provided by the electronics housing 8 itself.
  • a plurality of cooling ribs 19 formed by the electronics housing 8 also run within the bypass channel 9, with figure 1 due to the sectional view, only one cooling fin 19 can be seen.
  • the cooling fins 19 extend in the radial direction and each form their own flow channels within the bypass channel 9.
  • the air guiding element 13 rests on the cooling fins 19 and closes the flow channels.
  • the cooling fins 19 limits directly to the engine electronics 4.
  • the ring element 11 protruding radially from the outer lateral surface of the electronics housing 8 is arranged at the outflow opening 6, with the air guiding element 13 and the ring element 11 overlapping in sections.
  • the ring element 11 is formed in one piece by the electronics housing 8 and delimits the axial side of the outflow opening 6 on the axial side of the bypass channel 9 opposite the fan wheel 3.
  • the ring element 11 protrudes in the radial direction beyond the hub of the fan wheel 3, so that the radially outer free end lies in the exhaust flow.
  • the ring element 11 has a peripheral axial projection 12 which extends in the axial direction towards the fan wheel 3 .
  • figure 2 is off when axial fan 1 is in operation figure 1 resulting flow of cooling air through the bypass channel 9 outlined by arrows. Reference numerals are removed in this view for clarity.
  • the flow of cooling air is generated by the pressure difference ⁇ p at the outflow opening and the return flow axially downstream of the axial fan 1 .
  • FIG. 3 and 4 an alternative embodiment variant of the radial fan 1 is shown, in which an axially sucking and radially blowing fan wheel 3 is used. All other characteristics agree with those figure 1 coincide, so that these are not repeated, but are expressly disclosed.
  • the pressure side is radially on the outside, but also adjacent to the area of the base plate of the fan wheel 3 facing the electronics housing 8, as in FIG figure 4 also shown there is a pressure difference ⁇ p at the outflow opening 6 for generating the cooling air flow.
  • the arrows in figure 4 show the exhaust flow and the cooling air flow through the bypass channel 9 according to the embodiment in Figures 1 and 2.
  • FIG 5 is another alternative embodiment of the axial fan 1 based on the solution according to FIG figure 1 shown.
  • the features are consistent with the solution figure 1 match, but the cooling fins 19 have been omitted in this embodiment.
  • the cooling ring 14 enclosing the outflow opening 6 is provided.
  • the cooling ring 14 is connected to the motor 2 or the fan wheel 3 and rotates radially on the outside around the outflow opening 6 during operation.
  • the cooling ring 14 has cooling blades 18 distributed over the circumference and pointing towards the outflow opening 6 and generates air convection, which causes the cooling air flow through the bypass duct 9 encourages.
  • a flow gap is provided between the ring element 11 and the cooling ring 14 so that the effect of the pressure difference generated from radially outside based on the blow-out flow and the air convection through the cooling ring 14 complement each other.
  • the flow of cooling air is the same as in figure 2 shown by the arrows.
  • the cooling ring 14 is only in the version according to figure 5 used, but can also be integrated into the designs according to all other figures.
  • the electronics housing 8 is formed in one piece from plastic in all versions and has thin walls at least in the sections defining the bypass duct walls, so that the heat generated by the engine electronics 4 can be easily dissipated via the cooling air flow flowing through the bypass duct 9 .
  • the flow cross-sectional area may decrease from the inflow opening to the outflow opening in order to provide a nozzle function.
  • the flow cross-sectional area can be determined via the channel walls, the guide element and the cooling fins, if provided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Axial- oder Radialventilator mit Bypasskanal im Elektronikgehäuse zur Kühlung der Motorelektronik.The invention relates to an axial or radial fan with a bypass channel in the electronics housing for cooling the motor electronics.

Die Wärmeentwicklung an der Motorelektronik des Elektromotors eines Ventilators ist problematisch und begrenzt die verfügbare Leistung und Lebensdauer. Deshalb werden bereits im Stand der Technik Maßnahmen zur Kühlung der Motorelektronik vorgesehen, beispielsweise durch Vergrößerung der Oberfläche der angrenzenden Bauteile oder die Erhöhung des Materialaufwands, d.h. Vergrößerung der Wandstärke des Elektronikgehäuses, um mehr Wärme aufnehmen zu können. Hierdurch steigt jedoch das Gewicht. Alternative werden Materialien mit höherer Wärmeleitfähigkeit eingesetzt, die jedoch teurer sind. Druckschriftlicher Stand der Technik aus dem vorliegenden technischen Gebiet ist aus den Dokumenten EP 1 621 773 A1 und US 6,384,494 B1 bekannt.The heat development in the motor electronics of the electric motor of a fan is problematic and limits the available performance and service life. For this reason, measures for cooling the engine electronics are already provided in the prior art, for example by increasing the surface area of the adjacent components or increasing the cost of materials, ie increasing the wall thickness of the electronics housing to absorb more heat. However, this increases the weight. Alternatively, materials with higher thermal conductivity are used, but they are more expensive. Printed prior art in the present technical field is from the documents EP 1 621 773 A1 and US 6,384,494 B1 known.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Axial- oder Radialventilator bereit zu stellen, der eine verbesserte Kühlung der Motorelektronik bei möglichst geringem und kostengünstigem Materialaufwand aufweist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an axial or centrifugal fan that has improved cooling of the motor electronics with the least possible and cost-effective use of materials.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Axial- oder Radialventilator mit einem Motor und einem über den Motor antreibbaren und um eine Rotationsachse rotierbaren Ventilator-rad vorgeschlagen, das den Motor radial außenseitig umschließend angeordnet ist und im Betrieb einen Ausblasluftstrom von einer Saugseite zu einer Druckseite erzeugt. Axial angrenzend an dem Motor ist eine Motorelektronik in einem Elektronikgehäuse aufgenommen angeordnet. In dem Elektronikgehäuse ist mindestens ein durchgängiger Bypasskanal ausgebildet, der sich von einer Einströmöffnung an einer dem Ventilatorrad gegenüberliegenden axialen Stirnseite des Elektronikgehäuses in axialer Richtung bis zu der Motorelektronik erstreckt und anschließend nach radial außen entlang der Motorelektronik bis zu einer radialen Ausströmöffnung an dem Elektronikgehäuse verläuft. Die Ausströmöffnung ist auf der Druckseite oder angrenzend zur Druckseite ausgebildet, so und in einem an die Ausströmöffnung angrenzenden Abschnitt des Bypasskanals einen Unterdruck erzeugt. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird der von dem Ventilatorrad erzeugte Ausblasluftstrom doppelt genutzt. Zum einen wird in einer Ausführung durch den Bernoulli-Effekt durch das Vorbeiströmen an der Ausströmöffnung im Bypasskanal ein Unterdruck erzeugt, zum anderen weist jeder Axialventilator eine axiale Rückströmung auf, welche von der Druckseite zurück in Richtung der Saugseite verläuft und somit auf die Einströmöffnung an der dem Ventilatorrad gegenüberliegenden axialen Stirnseite des Elektronikgehäuses zuströmt. Hierdurch wird ein Kühlluftstrom erzeugt, der gebildet ist durch eine axiale Einströmung in die Einströmöffnung, eine Durchströmung des Bypasskanals und die Ausströmung aus der Ausströmöffnung. Anschließend wird der Kühlluftstrom von dem Ausblasluftstrom des Ventilatorrads in die Umgebung abgefördert. Soweit der Ausblasluftstrom nicht unmittelbar an der Ausströmöffnung vorbeiströmt, wie beispielsweise bei einem radial ausblasenden Axialventilator, wird durch den Ausblasluftstrom gleichwohl ein Druckunterschied erzeugt, der bis in den Bypasskanal hineinwirkt und einen Kühlluftstrom erzeugt.According to the invention, an axial or centrifugal fan is proposed with a motor and a fan wheel that can be driven by the motor and rotated about an axis of rotation. Motor electronics are arranged axially adjacent to the motor and accommodated in an electronics housing. At least one continuous bypass channel is formed in the electronics housing, which extends from an inflow opening on an axial end face of the electronics housing opposite the fan wheel in the axial direction to the motor electronics and then runs radially outwards along the motor electronics to a radial outflow opening on the electronics housing. The outflow opening is formed on the pressure side or adjacent to the pressure side, so that a negative pressure is generated in a section of the bypass channel adjacent to the outflow opening. Due to the solution according to the invention, the exhaust air flow generated by the fan wheel is used twice. On the one hand, in one embodiment, a negative pressure is generated by the Bernoulli effect by flowing past the outflow opening in the bypass duct, on the other hand, each axial fan an axial return flow, which runs from the pressure side back in the direction of the suction side and thus flows towards the inflow opening on the axial end face of the electronics housing opposite the fan wheel. This generates a flow of cooling air, which is formed by an axial inflow into the inflow opening, a flow through the bypass channel and the outflow from the outflow opening. The cooling air flow is then discharged into the environment by the blow-out air flow of the fan wheel. If the exhaust air flow does not flow directly past the outflow opening, such as in the case of a radial axial fan, the exhaust air flow nevertheless generates a pressure difference that extends into the bypass duct and generates a cooling air flow.

Bei dem Radialventilator ist in einer günstigen Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass die Motorelektronik axial unmittelbar angrenzend an den Motor angeordnet ist und ein Austritt des Ventilatorrads auf der Druckseite in einer senkrecht zur Rotationsachse verlaufenden Radialebene verläuft. Als Austritt des Ventilatorrads ist die dem Elektronikgehäuse zuweisende axiale Randebene des Ventilatorrads definiert.In a favorable embodiment of the radial fan, the motor electronics are arranged axially directly adjacent to the motor and an outlet of the fan wheel on the pressure side runs in a radial plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The outlet of the fan wheel is defined as the axial edge plane of the fan wheel facing the electronics housing.

Ferner sieht eine Ausführung des Axial- oder Radialventilators vor, dass die Ausströmöffnung an dem Elektronikgehäuse gegenüber dem Ventilatorrad axial beabstandet ist. Vorzugsweise grenzt die Ausströmöffnung an die dem Elektronikgehäuse zuweisende axiale Randebene des Ventilatorrads an.Furthermore, an embodiment of the axial or radial fan provides that the outflow opening on the electronics housing is spaced axially relative to the fan wheel. The outflow opening preferably borders on the axial edge plane of the fan wheel facing the electronics housing.

Zur Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Kühlluftstroms durch den Bypasskanal weist der Bypasskanal in einer Ausführungsvariante einen düsenförmigen Verlauf von der Einströmöffnung zu der Ausströmöffnung auf. Dabei werden die den Bypasskanal begrenzenden Kanalwände derart ausgerichtet, dass die durchströmbare Querschnittsfläche zur Austrittsöffnung hin zumindest lokal reduziert wird, um das Prinzip der Venturidüse zu verwenden.In order to increase the flow speed of the cooling air flow through the bypass duct, the bypass duct has a nozzle-shaped course from the inflow opening to the outflow opening in one embodiment variant. The channel walls delimiting the bypass channel are aligned in such a way that the cross-sectional area through which flow can take place towards the outlet opening is reduced at least locally in order to use the principle of the Venturi nozzle.

Der Axial- oder Radialventilator ist in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bypasskanal in Umfangsrichtung lokal begrenzt im Elektronikgehäuse verläuft. Die Kühlung erfolgt nur bei besonders heißen Bauteilen der Motorelektronik. Im übrigen umfänglichen Abschnitt des Elektronikgehäuses können weitere von dem Bypasskanal unabhängige Komponenten oder Befestigungsmittel vorgesehen werden.In a further exemplary embodiment, the axial or radial fan is characterized in that the bypass channel runs in the circumferential direction in a locally limited manner in the electronics housing. Cooling only takes place for particularly hot components in the engine electronics. Additional components or fastening means that are independent of the bypass channel can be provided in the remaining circumferential section of the electronics housing.

Eine Weiterbildung des Axial- oder Radialventilators sieht vor, dass in dem Elektronikgehäuse ein Luftleitelement angeordnet ist, das eine sich in Richtung der Ausströmöffnung nach radial außen erstreckende Kanalwand des Bypasskanals bildet. Das Luftleitelement kann eingesetzt werden, um die zunächst in axialer Richtung einströmende Kühlluftströmung in radiale Richtung umzulenken und zur Ausströmöffnung zu führen. Vorzugsweise steht das Luftleitelement gegenüber der Mantelfläche des Elektronikgehäuses ein Stück weit nach radial außen hervor und bildet den Bypasskanal axial einseitig weiter als das Elektronikgehäuse selbst.A development of the axial or radial fan provides that an air guiding element is arranged in the electronics housing, which forms a channel wall of the bypass channel that extends radially outwards in the direction of the outflow opening. The air guide element can be used to deflect the cooling air flow, which initially flows in in the axial direction, in the radial direction and to guide it to the outflow opening. The air guiding element preferably protrudes a little radially outwards relative to the lateral surface of the electronics housing and forms the bypass channel on one side axially further than the electronics housing itself.

An der Ausströmöffnung ist in einer Ausführung des Axial- oder Radialventilators zudem ein von einer Mantelfläche des Elektronikgehäuses radial vorstehendes Ringelement angeordnet, welches eine Axialseite der Ausströmöffnung begrenzt. Die von dem Ventilatorrad erzeugte Axialströmung trifft auf das Ringelement und vergrößert den Unterdruck an der Ausströmöffnung und beschleunigt mithin die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Kühlluftstroms durch den Bypasskanals. Dies wiederum vergrößert die Wärmeabfuhr.In one embodiment of the axial or radial fan, a ring element which protrudes radially from a lateral surface of the electronics housing and delimits an axial side of the outflow opening is also arranged on the outflow opening. The axial flow generated by the fan impinges on the ring element and increases the negative pressure at the outflow opening and consequently accelerates the flow speed of the cooling air flow through the bypass channel. This in turn increases the heat dissipation.

In einer die Wirkung noch verstärkenden Weiterbildung weist das Ringelement an seinem radial äußeren Ende einen umlaufenden Axialvorsprung auf, der sich in Richtung des Ventilatorrads erstreckt.In a development that further enhances the effect, the ring element has a peripheral axial projection at its radially outer end, which extends in the direction of the fan wheel.

Bei dem Axial- oder Radialventilator ist in einer vorteilhaften Ausführung vorgesehen, dass das Ringelement und das Luftleitelement überlappend aneinander anliegen und das Ringelement eine radiale Fortsetzung des Luftleitelements bildet. Der Bypasskanal wird somit axial einseitig aus dem Elektronikgehäuse herausgeführt und steht in direkter Wirkverbindung mit dem von dem Ventilatorrad erzeugten Ausblasluftstrom.In the case of the axial or radial fan, an advantageous embodiment provides that the ring element and the air guiding element overlap one another and the ring element forms a radial continuation of the air guiding element. The bypass duct is thus led out of the electronics housing axially on one side and is in direct operative connection with the exhaust air flow generated by the fan wheel.

Ferner ist der Axial- oder Radialventilator in einer weiteren Weiterbildung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Elektronikgehäuse in dem Bypasskanal mehrere Kühlrippen ausgebildet sind, die sich radial zur Ausströmöffnung und auf einer Kanalwand des Bypasskanals erstrecken, die an die Motorelektronik angrenzt. Kühlrippen sind eine bekannte Maßnahme zur Wärmeabfuhr. Vorliegend ist besonders günstig, dass die Kühlrippen entlang und im Bypasskanal verlaufen und von dem Kühlluftstrom umströmt werden.Furthermore, the axial or centrifugal fan is characterized in a further development in that several cooling ribs are formed on the electronics housing in the bypass channel, which extend radially to the outflow opening and on a channel wall of the bypass channel that adjoins the motor electronics. Cooling fins are a well-known measure for heat dissipation. In the present case, it is particularly favorable that the cooling fins run along and in the bypass channel and the cooling air flow flows around them.

Das den Bypasskanal begrenzende und den Kühlluftstrom nach radial außen führende Luftleitelement liegt vorzugsweise auf einer axialen Stirnseite der Kühlrippen auf. Dadurch entstehen mehrere in Umfangsrichtung aneinander angrenzende Bypasskanäle.The air guide element that delimits the bypass channel and guides the flow of cooling air radially outward preferably rests on an axial end face of the cooling ribs. This creates a plurality of bypass channels adjacent to one another in the circumferential direction.

Zur Verstärkung der Luftkonvektion umfasst der Axial- oder Radialventilator in einem Ausführungsbeispiel zudem einen die Ausströmöffnung umschließenden Kühlring mit daran angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Schaufeln, der mit dem Motor oder dem Ventilatorrad verbunden ist und im Betrieb radial außenseitig um die Ausströmöffnung rotiert. Die Schaufeln erzeugen eine zusätzliche Ansaugung des Kühlluftstroms aus der Ausströmöffnung des Bypasskanals.To increase the air convection, the axial or radial fan in one embodiment also includes a cooling ring surrounding the outflow opening with blades arranged or formed on it, which is connected to the motor or the fan wheel and rotates radially on the outside around the outflow opening during operation. The blades create an additional suction of the cooling air flow from the outflow opening of the bypass channel.

Der Kühlring ist vorzugsweise axial angrenzend und über einen Strömungsspalt beabstandet zu dem Ringelement angeordnet.The cooling ring is preferably arranged axially adjacent and spaced apart from the ring element by a flow gap.

Bei dem Axial- oder Radialventilator ist ferner vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass das Elektronikgehäuse aus Kunststoff gebildet ist. Die Materialstärke ist bewusst gering gehalten und kann im Spritzguss hergestellt werden. Entgegen der häufigen Praxis der Materialanhäufung werden mittels Kunststoff geringe Wandstärken bereitgestellt, welche eine Förderung der Wärme über den Kühlluftstrom begünstigen. Zudem ist Kunststoff als Werkstoff beispielsweise gegenüber Aluminium kostengünstiger.In the case of the axial or centrifugal fan, it is also preferably provided that the electronics housing is made of plastic. The material thickness is deliberately kept low and can be produced by injection molding. Contrary to the frequent practice of material accumulation, small wall thicknesses are provided by means of plastic, which favors the promotion of heat via the cooling air flow. In addition, plastic is cheaper as a material than aluminum, for example.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht eines Teils eines Axialventilators in einer ersten Ausführung;
Fig. 2
den Axialventilator aus Figur 1 mit gekennzeichnetem Ausblasluftstrom und Kühlluftstrom;
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht eines Teils eines Radiialventilators in einer zweiten Ausführung;
Fig. 4
den Radialventilator aus Figur 3 mit gekennzeichnetem Ausblasluftstrom und Kühlluftstrom;
Fig. 5
eine Schnittansicht eines Teils eines Axialventilators in einer dritten Ausführung.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are presented in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. Show it:
1
a sectional view of a part of an axial fan in a first embodiment;
2
the axial fan off figure 1 with labeled exhaust air flow and cooling air flow;
3
a sectional view of part of a centrifugal fan in a second embodiment;
4
the centrifugal fan off figure 3 with labeled exhaust air flow and cooling air flow;
figure 5
a sectional view of a part of an axial fan in a third embodiment.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist eine erste Variante eines Axialventilators 1 mit dem als Außenläufermotor gebildeten Motor 2 und dem daran befestigten Ventilatorrad 3 dargestellt, das mit seiner Nabe den Motor 2 radial außenseitig umschließt. Von der Nabe erstreckt sich eine Vielzahl von in einem Schaufelkranz angeordneten Ventilatorschaufeln 23. Entlang der Rotationsachse gesehen schließt sich axial angrenzend zum Motor 2 die Motorelektronik 4 an, welche von dem Elektronikgehäuse 8 aufgenommen ist. Im Bereich der sich stark erhitzenden Elektronikbauteile der Motorelektronik 4 ist in dem Elektronikgehäuse 8 der durchgängige Bypasskanal 9 ausgebildet, der sich von der Einströmöffnung 7 an der axialen Stirnseite des Elektronikgehäuses 8 zunächst in axialer Richtung bis zu der Motorelektronik 4 erstreckt und anschließend nach radial außen entlang der Motorelektronik 4 (Leiterplatte) bis zu der radialen Ausströmöffnung 6 des Elektronikgehäuses 8 verläuft. Die Einströmöffnung 7 kann als Loch, Löcher, Schlitz oder Aussparung im Elektronikgehäuse 8 ausgebildet sein. Das Elektronikgehäuse 8 überdeckt die Motorelektronik 4 und kapselt diese gegenüber der Umgebung ab. Der Bypasskanal 9 erstreckt sich in Umfangsrichtung nur über den vorbestimmten Teil des Elektronikgehäuses 8, so dass es im Übrigen Abschnitt geschlossen ausgebildet sein kann. Die Ausströmöffnung 6 ist auf der Druckseite D gegenüber dem Austritt 10 des Ventilatorrades 3, d.h. der Austrittsrandebene des Ventilatorrades 3 axial unmittelbar angrenzend oder axial beabstandet, so dass der von der Saugseite S angesaugte und auf der Druckseite D austretende Ausblasluftstrom an der Ausströmöffnung 6 vorbeiströmt und im Bypasskanal 9 einen Unterdruck erzeugt.In the Figures 1 and 2 a first variant of an axial fan 1 is shown with the motor 2 designed as an external rotor motor and the fan wheel 3 attached thereto, which encloses the motor 2 radially on the outside with its hub. A plurality of fan blades 23 arranged in a blade ring extends from the hub along the axis of rotation Viewed axially adjacent to the motor 2 is the motor electronics 4 , which is accommodated by the electronics housing 8 . In the area of the electronic components of the motor electronics 4 that heat up considerably, the continuous bypass channel 9 is formed in the electronics housing 8, which initially extends in the axial direction from the inflow opening 7 on the axial end face of the electronics housing 8 to the motor electronics 4 and then radially outwards along it of the motor electronics 4 (printed circuit board) to the radial outflow opening 6 of the electronics housing 8 runs. The inflow opening 7 can be designed as a hole, holes, slot or recess in the electronics housing 8 . The electronics housing 8 covers the motor electronics 4 and encapsulates them from the environment. The bypass channel 9 extends in the circumferential direction only over the predetermined part of the electronics housing 8, so that it can be closed in the remaining section. The outflow opening 6 is on the pressure side D opposite the outlet 10 of the fan wheel 3, i.e. the outlet edge plane of the fan wheel 3, axially directly adjacent or axially spaced, so that the blow-out air flow sucked in from the suction side S and exiting on the pressure side D flows past the outflow opening 6 and in the bypass channel 9 generates a negative pressure.

Im Bereich des Bypasskanals 9 ist in dem Elektronikgehäuse 8 das sich plattenförmig senkrecht zur Rotationsachse nach radial außen erstreckende Luftleitelement 13 angeordnet und bildet den oberen Teil der Kanalwand des Bypasskanals 9 in seinem sich nach radial außen erstreckenden Abschnitt. Alle weiteren Kanalwände werden durch das Elektronikgehäuse 8 selbst bereitgestellt. Innerhalb des Bypasskanals 9 verlaufen zudem mehrere durch das Elektronikgehäuse 8 gebildete Kühlrippen 19, wobei in Figur 1 aufgrund der Schnittansicht nur eine Kühlrippe 19 zu erkennen ist. Die Kühlrippen 19 erstrecken in radialer Richtung und bilden jeweils eigene Strömungskanäle innerhalb des Bypasskanals 9. Das Luftleitelement 13 liegt auf den Kühlrippen 19 auf und schließt die Strömungskanäle. Die Kühlrippen 19 grenzen unmittelbar an die Motorelektronik 4 an.In the area of the bypass duct 9, the plate-shaped air guide element 13 extending radially outward perpendicularly to the axis of rotation is arranged in the electronics housing 8 and forms the upper part of the duct wall of the bypass duct 9 in its radially outwardly extending section. All other channel walls are provided by the electronics housing 8 itself. A plurality of cooling ribs 19 formed by the electronics housing 8 also run within the bypass channel 9, with figure 1 due to the sectional view, only one cooling fin 19 can be seen. The cooling fins 19 extend in the radial direction and each form their own flow channels within the bypass channel 9. The air guiding element 13 rests on the cooling fins 19 and closes the flow channels. The cooling fins 19 limits directly to the engine electronics 4.

Radial anschließend an das Luftleitelement 13 ist an der Ausströmöffnung 6 das sich von der äußeren Mantelfläche des Elektronikgehäuses 8 radial vorstehende Ringelement 11 angeordnet, wobei sich das Luftleitelement 13 und das Ringelement 11 abschnittsweise überlappen. Das Ringelement 11 ist einstückig durch das Elektronikgehäuse 8 gebildet und begrenzt die Axialseite der Ausströmöffnung 6 auf der dem Ventilatorrad 3 gegenüberliegenden Axialseite des Bypasskanals 9. Das Ringelement 11 steht in radialer Richtung über die Nabe des Ventilatorrads 3 hervor, so dass das radial äußere freie Ende in dem Ausblasstrom liegt. An dem radial äußeren freien Ende weist das Ringelement 11 einen umlaufenden Axialvorsprung 12 auf, der sich in axialer Richtung auf das Ventilatorrad 3 hin erstreckt.Radially adjoining the air guiding element 13, the ring element 11 protruding radially from the outer lateral surface of the electronics housing 8 is arranged at the outflow opening 6, with the air guiding element 13 and the ring element 11 overlapping in sections. The ring element 11 is formed in one piece by the electronics housing 8 and delimits the axial side of the outflow opening 6 on the axial side of the bypass channel 9 opposite the fan wheel 3. The ring element 11 protrudes in the radial direction beyond the hub of the fan wheel 3, so that the radially outer free end lies in the exhaust flow. At the radially outer free end, the ring element 11 has a peripheral axial projection 12 which extends in the axial direction towards the fan wheel 3 .

In Figur 2 ist der im Betrieb des Axialventilators 1 aus Figur 1 entstehende Kühlluftstrom durch den Bypasskanal 9 durch Pfeile skizziert. Die Bezugszeichen sind in dieser Ansicht zur verbesserten Darstellung entfernt. Durch den Druckunterschied Δp an der Ausströmöffnung und die Rückströmung axial nach dem Axialventilator 1 wird der Kühlluftstrom erzeugt.In figure 2 is off when axial fan 1 is in operation figure 1 resulting flow of cooling air through the bypass channel 9 outlined by arrows. Reference numerals are removed in this view for clarity. The flow of cooling air is generated by the pressure difference Δp at the outflow opening and the return flow axially downstream of the axial fan 1 .

In den Figuren 3 und 4 ist eine alternative Ausführungsvariante des Radialventilators 1 dargestellt, bei der ein axial ansaugendes und radial ausblasendes Ventilatorrad 3 verwendet wird. Alle Übrigen Merkmale stimmen mit denjenigen aus Figur 1 überein, so dass diese nicht wiederholt werden, jedoch ausdrücklich offenbart sind. Die Druckseite liegt radial außenseitig, jedoch auch angrenzend an die dem Elektronikgehäuse 8 zuweisenden Bereich der Bodenscheibe des Ventilatorrads 3, so wie in Figur 4 gezeigt ebenfalls ein Druckunterschied Δp an der Ausströmöffnung 6 zur Erzeugung des Kühlluftstroms herrscht. Die Pfeile in Figur 4 zeigen den Ausblasstrom und den Kühlluftstrom durch den Bypasskanal 9 entsprechend der Ausführung in den Figuren 1 und 2.In the Figures 3 and 4 an alternative embodiment variant of the radial fan 1 is shown, in which an axially sucking and radially blowing fan wheel 3 is used. All other characteristics agree with those figure 1 coincide, so that these are not repeated, but are expressly disclosed. The pressure side is radially on the outside, but also adjacent to the area of the base plate of the fan wheel 3 facing the electronics housing 8, as in FIG figure 4 also shown there is a pressure difference Δp at the outflow opening 6 for generating the cooling air flow. The arrows in figure 4 show the exhaust flow and the cooling air flow through the bypass channel 9 according to the embodiment in Figures 1 and 2.

In Figur 5 ist eine weitere alternative Ausführungsvariante des Axialventilators 1 auf Basis der Lösung gemäß Figur 1 gezeigt. Die Merkmale stimmen mit der Lösung gemäß Figur 1 überein, jedoch wurden die Kühlrippen 19 in dieser Ausführung weggelassen. Zusätzlich ist jedoch der die Ausströmöffnung 6 umschließende Kühlring 14 vorgesehen. Der Kühlring 14 ist mit dem Motor 2 oder dem Ventilatorrad 3 verbunden und rotiert im Betrieb radial außenseitig um die Ausströmöffnung 6. Der Kühlring 14 weist über den Umfang verteilt zur Ausströmöffnung 6 weisende Kühlschaufeln 18 und erzeugt eine Luftkonvektion, welche den Kühlluftstrom durch den Bypasskanal 9 fördert. Zwischen dem Ringelement 11 und dem Kühlring 14 ist ein Strömungsspalt vorgesehen, so dass sich die Wirkung des von radial außen erzeugten Druckunterschieds basierend auf dem Ausblasstrom und der Luftkonvektion durch den Kühlring 14 ergänzen. Der Kühlluftstrom verläuft in gleicher Weise wie in Figur 2 durch die Pfeile gezeigt.In figure 5 is another alternative embodiment of the axial fan 1 based on the solution according to FIG figure 1 shown. The features are consistent with the solution figure 1 match, but the cooling fins 19 have been omitted in this embodiment. In addition, however, the cooling ring 14 enclosing the outflow opening 6 is provided. The cooling ring 14 is connected to the motor 2 or the fan wheel 3 and rotates radially on the outside around the outflow opening 6 during operation. The cooling ring 14 has cooling blades 18 distributed over the circumference and pointing towards the outflow opening 6 and generates air convection, which causes the cooling air flow through the bypass duct 9 encourages. A flow gap is provided between the ring element 11 and the cooling ring 14 so that the effect of the pressure difference generated from radially outside based on the blow-out flow and the air convection through the cooling ring 14 complement each other. The flow of cooling air is the same as in figure 2 shown by the arrows.

Der Kühlring 14 ist zwar nur in der Ausführung nach Figur 5 eingesetzt, kann jedoch auch in die Ausführungen gemäß aller anderen Figuren integriert werden.The cooling ring 14 is only in the version according to figure 5 used, but can also be integrated into the designs according to all other figures.

Das Elektronikgehäuse 8 ist in allen Ausführungen einstückig aus Kunststoff gebildet und weist zumindest an den die Bypasskanalwände bestimmenden Abschnitten geringe Wandstärken auf, so dass die von der Motorelektronik 4 erzeugte Wärme leicht über den durch den Bypasskanal 9 strömenden Kühlluftstrom abgeführt werden kann.The electronics housing 8 is formed in one piece from plastic in all versions and has thin walls at least in the sections defining the bypass duct walls, so that the heat generated by the engine electronics 4 can be easily dissipated via the cooling air flow flowing through the bypass duct 9 .

In allen Ausführungsbeispielen kann sich die Strömungsquerschnittsfläche von der Einströmöffnung zur Ausströmöffnung verringern, um eine Düsenfunktion bereitzustellen. Die Strömungsquerschnittsfläche kann über die Kanalwände, das Leitelement und die Kühlrippen, soweit vorgesehen, bestimmt werden.In all embodiments, the flow cross-sectional area may decrease from the inflow opening to the outflow opening in order to provide a nozzle function. The flow cross-sectional area can be determined via the channel walls, the guide element and the cooling fins, if provided.

Claims (14)

  1. An axial or centrifugal fan (1) with a motor (2) and a fan wheel (3) that can be driven by the motor (2) and rotated about an axis of rotation (RA), which fan wheel (3) is arranged so as to enclose the motor (2) radially on the outside and generates an exhaust air flow from a suction side (S) to a pressure side (D), wherein motor electronics (4) are arranged axially adjacent to the motor (2) and accommodated in an electronics enclosure (8), wherein at least one continuous bypass channel (9) is formed in the electronics enclosure (8) which extends from an inflow opening (7) on an axial end face of the electronics enclosure (8) situated opposite the fan wheel (3) in the axial direction to the motor electronics (4) and then extends radially outward along the motor electronics (4) to a radial outflow opening (6) on the electronics enclosure (8), and wherein the outflow opening (6) is formed on the pressure side or adjacent to the pressure side, so that the exhaust air flow of the fan wheel (3) generates a negative pressure in a portion of the bypass channel (9) adjacent to the outflow opening (6).
  2. The centrifugal fan as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the motor electronics (4) are arranged so as to be axially directly adjacent to the motor (2), and an outlet (10) of the fan wheel (3) on the pressure side extends in a radial plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation (RA).
  3. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outflow opening (6) on the electronics enclosure (8) is spaced apart axially from the fan wheel (3).
  4. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass channel (9) has a nozzle-shaped profile from the inflow opening (7) to the outflow opening (6).
  5. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass channel (9) extends in the circumferential direction in the electronics enclosure (8) in a locally limited manner.
  6. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an air-conducting element (13) is arranged in the electronics enclosure (8) which forms a channel wall of the bypass channel (9) that extends radially outward in the direction of the outflow opening (6).
  7. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a ring element (11) which protrudes radially from a lateral surface of the electronics enclosure (8) and delimits an axial side of the outflow opening (6) is arranged at the outflow opening (6).
  8. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in the preceding claim, characterized in that the ring element (11) has a circumferential axial projection (12) at its radially outer end which extends in the direction of the fan wheel (3).
  9. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of preceding claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the ring element (11) and the air-conducting element (13) overlap one another and the ring element (11) forms a radial continuation of the air-conducting element (13).
  10. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of cooling ribs (19) are formed on the electronics enclosure (8) in the bypass channel (9) which extend radially to the outflow opening (6) and on a channel wall of the bypass channel (9) that adjoins the motor electronics (4).
  11. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in the preceding claim, characterized in that the air-conducting element (13) rests on an axial end face of the cooling fins.
  12. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a cooling ring (14) with blades (18) which surrounds the outflow opening (6) and is connected to the motor (2) or the fan wheel (3) and rotates radially on the outside around the outflow opening (6) during operation.
  13. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in the preceding claim, characterized in that the cooling ring (14) is arranged so as to be axially adjacent to the ring element (11) and spaced apart therefrom by a flow gap.
  14. The axial or centrifugal fan as set forth in any one of the preceding claims. characterized in that the electronics enclosure (8) is formed from plastic.
EP20186423.8A 2019-08-08 2020-07-17 Axial or radial fan with bypass channel in electronics enclosure Active EP3779208B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019121450.5A DE102019121450A1 (en) 2019-08-08 2019-08-08 Axial fan with bypass duct in the electronics housing

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EP3779208A1 EP3779208A1 (en) 2021-02-17
EP3779208B1 true EP3779208B1 (en) 2023-02-22

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CN (1) CN211474466U (en)
DE (1) DE102019121450A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113970960B (en) * 2021-10-18 2022-10-14 荣耀终端有限公司 Fan and electronic equipment

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1308475B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2001-12-17 Gate Spa FAN MOTOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER OF A VEHICLE
DE502004010520D1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2010-01-28 Brose Fahrzeugteile electric motor
EP1621773B1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2013-04-17 Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. KG, Würzburg Electrically driven cooling ventilator
DE102010001354A1 (en) * 2009-08-26 2011-03-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh fan
FR2984810B1 (en) * 2011-12-23 2015-06-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques AIR COOLING DEVICE OF A PULLER FOR HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS
DE202012013669U1 (en) * 2012-08-02 2019-04-30 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Active cooling of a motor with integrated cooling channel
CN107110179A (en) * 2015-01-19 2017-08-29 株式会社电装 Pressure fan
DE102018218988A1 (en) * 2018-11-07 2020-05-07 Hanon Systems Efp Deutschland Gmbh Air cooling of the electronics of a BLDC motor

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EP3779208A1 (en) 2021-02-17
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