EP3776609A1

EP3776609A1 - System for controlling a cooling unit of a transformer

Info

Publication number: EP3776609A1
Application number: EP19723016.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Berthold Sedlmaier; Tobias ENGLMANN; Aime Mbuy
Original assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-05-18
Filing date: 2019-04-18
Publication date: 2021-02-17
Also published as: WO2019219327A1; CA3098244A1; CN112189242A; US20210195792A1; DE102018207846A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1) for controlling a cooling unit (3) of a transformer (2), more particularly a traction transformer of a rail vehicle (8) and a corresponding method for controlling a system (1) of this kind. The problem addressed is that of improving the efficiency and life of a transformer (2) having a cooling unit (3). To solve this problem, the system (1) according to the invention comprises a transformer (2), a cooling unit (3), which is configured to cool the transformer (2), and a control unit (4), which is configured to control the cooling unit (3) for cooling the transformer (2). The control unit (4) is configured to control the cooling unit (3) using measurement data representing at least one state of the system (1) and/or using environmental data in expectation of a change in the temperature of the transformer (2) as a result of the utilisation of the transformer (2) and/or as a result of environmental influences. This prevents the transformer (2) from overheating, thereby increasing the efficiency and life of the transformer (2).

Description

description

System for controlling a cooling unit of a transformer

The present invention relates to a system for controlling a cooling unit of a transformer, in particular a traction transformer of a rail vehicle. The invention further relates to a method for controlling a system.

Transformers, in particular traction transformers of rail vehicles, are often subject to fluctuating Belastun conditions due to the time-varying power consumption on the consumer side. In a traction transformer of a rail vehicle such fluctuations occur in particular by different, required by the railcar drive power, fluctuating load on the vehicle air conditioning, vehicle lighting, etc. on.

However, the efficiency of a transformer decreases at high temperatures of the transformer, since, among other things, the electrical resistance of the windings with the temperature he increased. Thus a higher part of the electrical energy is lost by conversion into heat. Furthermore, the lifetime of a transformer is regularly reduced when certain temperature thresholds are exceeded.

This problem is significantly greater with built-in traction transformers of rail vehicles than with freestanding transformers, because the former are harder to cool due to stronger structural restrictions. From a certain converted power is regularly active cooling via a cooling unit needed to dissipate the power loss he testified heat and to avoid overheating.

However, a cooling unit associated with the transformer has its own power consumption and therefore should not be permanently operating under full load for efficiency reasons. Instead, the cooling unit is regulated for specific performance and adapted exactly to the required power. This achieves an overall improvement in the efficiency of the transformer and lower energy consumption of the cooling system. However, it comes, due to the unavoidable time delay until a full cooling effect of the cooling unit comes to fruition, yet occasionally for temporary overheating in full load operation of the transformer, for example in a traction transformer when a rail vehicle accelerates sharply be.

The object underlying the invention is to improve the efficiency and life of a transformer including the cooling unit.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a genann th system in that the system comprises:

- a transformer,

a cooling unit, which is directed to the cooling of the transformer,

a control unit which is adapted to control the cooling unit for cooling the transformer,

wherein the control unit is adapted to use at least one state of the system imaging measurement data and / or environmental data to control the cooling unit in anticipation of a changing due to the utilization of the transformer and / or due to environmental changes in the temperature of the transformer.

The control unit thus regulates the cooling unit so, for example, before an increase in the load on the transformer occurs, and / or down before a reduction in Belas tion of the transformer occurs. The control unit can accelerate or slow down the speed of a pump, for example. Thus, on the one hand overheating of the Trans formators can be avoided because of a sudden Belas processing tip already precautionary, the transformer is pre-cooled. On the other hand, the cooling unit already be down-regulated when the control unit expects the load on the transformer to drop in a timely manner, e.g. B. when a stretch follows at low speed or soon an end station is reached. With this solu tion, the control unit "knows", so to speak, before a power is needed that it must activate the cooling unit at a certain time to cool down the transformer in a timely manner In addition, the lifetime of the transformer is increased since it is possible to avoid exceedances of the temperature tolerances, Preferably, the measured data describe at least one state of the system status data, eg temperature data.

It is possible to use this solution for new transformer systems and integrate them into existing transformer systems. The installation of this adaptability is thus either in new transformer systems directly during production or by a retrofit kit that can be used in any traction transformer of a rail ve hicle. Thus, any older transformer, regardless of the manufacturer, retrofitted who the. With this technical solution, the system can adapt to the respective ambient conditions, save energy and increase the life of the transformer.

Measurement data of the state of the system can be, for example, measurement data of the state of the transformer and / or of the cooling unit in the context of this application. But it can also other measurement data, for example from other parts of the

Rail vehicle, to be involved.

A regulation of the cooling of the transformer can be realized, for example, by controlling a motor and / or a pump and / or a fan and / or the oil flow. In one embodiment, the system comprises at least one sensor connected to the control unit, wherein the at least one sensor

a temperature sensor arranged on the transformer,

a temperature sensor arranged in a coolant line between the transformer and the cooling unit and / or

- Includes a arranged in a coolant line between the transformer and cooling unit mass flow sensor.

With one or more sensors, the control unit more measurement data before, based on which the cooling unit can be controlled ge more targeted. Thus, the control unit can also readjust the cooling unit in real time, for example if the desired cooling of the transformer does not act fast enough or faster than expected. For example, the cooling capacity of the cooling unit may decrease with the age of the system, and in response, the system may control the cooling unit higher to compensate for it. On the other hand, an unexpected additional power change of the transformer or environmental influences may cause the temperature of the transformer or the coolant to fall faster or slower than expected, and the system may re-adjust the cooling unit in response thereto. A Temperatursen sor, for example, be a PT100 temperature sensor. A transformer arranged on the temperature sensor can be preferential outside arranged on a boiler of the transformer.

In the case of new transformers, in addition to measuring the temperature, optical sensors may also be used which, for example, measure the flow of the coolant (eg oil) in the coolant line. At the same time, a flow regulator can be installed in the cooling circuit, which regulates the flow rate of the coolant (speed, capacity / min.). This can be realized by a pair of mutually displaceable bulkhead plates, whereby Kühlmit teldurchlässe through the bulkhead plates increases / decreases become. Such a flow regulator often allows a faster and more targeted change in the cooling effect than, for example, only a readjustment of a pump motor in the cooling circuit.

In one embodiment, the measurement data comprises at least one of:

a temperature of the transformer,

a temperature of a coolant provided by the cooling unit,

a mass flow of the coolant provided by the cooling unit,

a power of a pump motor in the cooling circuit of the cooling unit,

- A performance of at least one fan of the cooling unit.

Each of the mentioned measurement data improves the state measurement and thus the predictive capability of the system. With the help of the mentioned measurement data, the control unit can readjust the cooling unit in real time. For example, if the desired cooling of the transformer does not act fast enough or faster than expected, the control unit can react and readjust and avoid overcooling or overcooling. This allows the system to respond intelligently to deviations in expected performance and temperature evolution.

Further preferably, the measurement data comprises measured data on a temperature of the transformer, measured data on a temperature of a cooling unit provided by the cooling unit, measured data on a mass flow of the cooling unit provided by the cooling unit, measured data on a pumping capacity of the cooling unit and / or measured data to a performance of a fan of the cooling unit.

In one embodiment, the environmental data comprises at least one of: topographical information about a route, in particular a railway vehicle, comprising the transformer,

a stress profile of the route,

- route, route,

- local weather data,

- location data of the transformer,

- Information from other transformers, in particular from other rolling stock, and their environmental data.

Further preferably, the environmental data comprise data on topographical information about a route, in particular of a rail vehicle, which comprises the transformer, data on a profile of the travel route, local weather data and / or location data of the transformer.

For the most accurate prediction possible of the expected loading of the transformer by the system, environmental data are of great importance. Environmental data may include, for example:

- information about the train's journey: topographical data of the route such as altitude and inclination, maximum speed and / or stress profiles of the routes, residential areas or densely built-up sections with (time dependent) speed limits;

Weather data, preferably detailed along the driving distance;

- Location of the transformer in real time, example, via GPS data.

The more different environmental data the system at any time point available, the more accurate the state of the transformer can be predicted and thus the cooling performance of the cooling unit can be controlled. For example, the cooling capacity can be timed up or down in accordance with the expected speed of the rail vehicle along the travel path. Likewise, when the outside temperature is high, a generally increased cooling may be predicted by the cooling unit and the cooling unit regulated by the system accordingly.

In one embodiment, the system comprises a database, preferably a cloud database, and a data connection between the control unit and the database, wherein the system is set up such that the measurement data representing the at least one status is sent to the database via the data connection and / or the system is set up such that the environmental data is stored in the database and the control unit retrieves the environmental data via the data link. Alternatively or additionally, the system may also include a local database, for example as part of the control unit. It is also possible that several systems according to the invention are connected to a central database in each case via preferably wireless data connections. In particular, environmental data can usefully be stored centrally. However, a local database of the system can also regularly, for example, the trek for the current driving relevant environmental data, download and locally, for example, in the control unit, save to have even with egg nem failure of the data connection still have a set of Umweltda th.

The measurement data collected locally at the transformer and / or the cooling unit can be stored in the local database and / or in the cloud database. The measurement data can also first be stored in the local database and then transferred to the cloud database.

The data connection can be made for example via a mobile network and / or rail vehicle internal communication such. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or W-LAN. Both the unprocessed sensor data (mass data) and / or state data processed by a processor unit of the control unit can be transmitted via the data connection. The processor unit may, for. B. an ASIC processor or preferably a processor on which firmware has been loaded.

In one embodiment, the system includes predictive algorithm software, wherein the predictive algorithm software is configured to use a mathematical model using the measurement data representing the at least one state and / or the environmental data (weather data, topographic data, etc .) To determine, so that at a subsequent time, a changing temperature of the transfor mators due to a predicted utilization of the transfor mators and / or due to predicted environmental influences is to be expected. The "knowledge", at which time, to wel cher duration and intensity of the cooling process should take place by the Kühlein unit, receives the control unit in this form imple mentation of a prediction algorithm software, so for example a so-called "Smart Algorithm". For example, such predictive algorithm software may use one or more of the following: Monte Carlo algorithm, Traveling Salesman algorithm, neural networks, or an evolutionary algorithm.

In one embodiment, the prediction algorithm software is executed in a cloud database and connected to the control unit via a data connection. It is also possible that parts of the prediction algorithm software are executed in a local database, for example within the rail vehicle, and another part of the prediction algorithm software is executed in a cloud database. Depending on the size of the prediction algorithm software and the required computing power and storage capacity, it may be advantageous to perform some or all of the prediction calculations non-locally, for example in a cloud database. This limits, especially in the case of a rail vehicle, the locally required computer hardware. Furthermore, a prediction algorithm software in a cloud database has the advantage that it can also be connected to a multiplicity of systems and of these For example, over time the predictive algorithm software may analyze from the data collected how the required cooling capacity depends on the age and type of the particular system, in particular the transformer and the cooling unit, and may include this information in incorporate future predictions for each system.

The data sets from measurement data of the state of the system and / or of environmental data can thus be processed by a prediction algorithm software. As a result, an instruction set may then be sent to the control unit. The control unit then regulates the cooling unit according to the instructions.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for controlling a system comprising:

- a transformer,

a cooling unit, which is directed to the cooling of the transformer,

wherein the control unit regulates the cooling unit in anticipation of a changing due to the utilization of the transformer and / or on the basis of environmental influences temperature of the Trans transformer. Thus, for example, the cooling unit can be up-regulated before an increase in the load of the transformer occurs, and / or be down-regulated, before a reduction in the load of the transformer occurs. With this method, overheating of the transformer can be avoided, as with a sudden peak load already precautionary, the transformer is pre-cooled. Likewise, the cooling unit can already be downshifted when the control unit expects that the load on the transformer will decrease in a timely manner, for example, when a stretch section with a lower load profile follows or soon ei ne end station is reached. In accordance with the method, it is thus predicted, for example, that at a later time a higher power is required and that at an earlier time the cooling unit must be activated to the

Cool down the transformer in good time. The targeted cooling produces lower losses in the transformer. This increases the efficiency of the transformer, i. H. Less electrical energy is lost due to heat loss. In addition, the life of the transformer it is increased, since transgressions of temperature tolerances can be avoided.

It is possible to use this solution for new transformer systems and integrate them into existing transformer systems. The installation of this adaptability thus takes place either in new transformers directly during the pro duction or by a retrofit kit that can be used in any traction transformer of a rail vehicle. It can, for example, as "stand alone" via a new control software of the control unit in an older system, the inventive method is set.

The more measurement data on the state of the system and control options for the cooling unit are present, the more effi cient can be the inventive method. Therefore, it may be useful even with an older system, it example, to retrofit with one or more sensors.

With this technical solution, the process allows the cooling of the transformer to be adapted to the prevailing ambient and operating conditions, to save energy and to increase the service life of the transformer.

In one embodiment, the system includes predictive algorithm software,

in which the prediction algorithm software calculates, using a mathematical model, using at least one state of the system-imaging measurement data and / or environmental data, that at a subsequent time point a change is made. temperature of the transformer due to a predicted utilization of the transformer and / or expected on the basis of predicted environmental influences,

- wherein the prediction algorithm software sends based on the calculated expectation instructions for controlling the Kühlsein unit to the control unit.

The prediction algorithm software may be executed in a local database of the system and / or in one

Cloud database are running. A prediction algorithm software in a cloud database has the advantage that it can also be connected to a large number of systems according to the invention and can "learn" from all of these systems Analyze the time from the data collected as the required cooling capacity depends on the age and type of the particular system (in particular the transformer and the cooling unit) and can incorporate this information into future predictions for the particular system.

Thus, according to the method, data sets from measured data of the state of the system and / or of environmental data can be processed by a predictive algorithm software. As a result, an instruction set may then be sent from the predictive algorithm software to the control unit. The control unit then regulates the cooling unit according to the instruction set.

In one embodiment, the system, preferably the predictive algorithm software, uses at least one of the following measurement data to calculate the expectation of a changing temperature of the transformer:

a temperature of the transformer,

a temperature of a coolant provided by the cooling unit,

a mass flow of the coolant provided by the cooling unit, a power of a pump motor in the cooling circuit,

a power of at least one fan of the cooling unit and / or at least one of the following environmental data:

topographical information about a route, in particular a rail vehicle comprising the transformer,

a load profile of the route,

- local weather data,

- location data of the transformer,

- Driving time according to timetable.

The more different measurement data on the state of the system and / or environmental data are available at any time, the more accurate can be predicted by the method, the state of the Trans formators and thus the cooling capacity of the cooling unit can be adjusted. For example, the cooling power according to the method according to the expected Ge speed of the rail vehicle along the travel in time up or down regulated. Likewise, at an expected high outside temperature, a generally he increased cooling demand can be predicted by the cooling unit and the cooling unit can be controlled accordingly by the method.

All features described in relation to the system according to the invention are also claimed in relation to the United invention claimed and vice versa.

The above-described features, features and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which these are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the Ausführungsbei games that are erläu closer in connection with the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a schematic structure of a Ausführungsbei

play a system according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a comparison of exemplary temperature profiles of a transformer of a system of the prior art with respect to a transformer of a system according to the invention, and FIG

Figure 3 shows an embodiment of an inventive

Procedure in a flowchart.

1 shows an inventive system 1 is shown, comprising a transformer 2, a cooling unit 3 and a control unit 4. The cooling unit 3 is arranged to cool the Trans transformer 2 and is connected for this purpose via cooling medium lines 5 to the transformer 2. The cooling unit 3 may include one or more further elements, which are not shown for the sake of clarity, such as a fan and / or a pump and / or a motor.

The control unit 4 is adapted to control the cooling unit 3 for cooling the transformer 2. In particular, the control unit 4 is set up to regulate the cooling unit 3 on the basis of measurement data of the state of the system 1 and / or of environmental data in anticipation of a changing temperature of the transformer 2 due to the utilization of the transformer 2 and / or due to environmental influences. For this purpose, the system comprises sensors 6A, 6B, 6C, which are connected to the control unit 4 in order to supply the control unit 4 with measurement data on the state of the system 1.

The measurement data of the sensors 6A, 6B, 6C can be wired or wireless (for example, via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, wireless or mobile) the measured data to the control unit 4 transmis gene. The indicated cable connections between the sensors 6A, 6B, 6C and Control unit 4 are therefore to be understood as by chance.

A first sensor 6A is arranged on the transformer 2 in this exemplary embodiment. This sensor 6A may be, for example, a temperature sensor, the control unit 4 with Temperature data of the transformer 2 supplied. The system 1 can, however, also include a plurality of sensors 6A on the transformer 2, for example, further temperature sensors and / or

Current or voltage measuring devices for determining the power consumed on the load side of the transformer 2.

A second sensor 6B is arranged on the cooling unit 3 in this embodiment. This sensor 6B can measure, for example, a pump power of a pump of the cooling unit 3 or a power of a fan of the cooling unit 3 and send to the control unit 4.

A third sensor 6C is disposed in or on one of the coolant lines 5. This sensor 6C can be for example a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the coolant and / or a flow sensor for measuring the mass flow of the coolant provided by the cooling unit 3.

Alternatively or additionally, at the position of the sensor 6C, a flow regulator can be arranged, which regulates the flow of coolant to or from the transformer 2. The flow regulator may preferably be controlled by the control unit 4.

The system 1 in this example also includes two databases 7A, 7B. The first database 7A is a cloud database connected to the control unit 4 via a data connection. The database 7B is a local database, that is, for example, a hard disk and / or a working memory of the control unit 4. The system 1 can be set up so that the measurement data of the state of the transformer 2 via the data connection to one or both databases 7A, 7B be sent. The system 1 can also be set up so that environmental data are stored in one or both databases 7A, 7B, and the control unit 4 can call up the environmental data via a data connection. The system 1 preferably comprises a prediction algorithm software which is set up to determine with the aid of a mathematical model on the basis of measurement data of the status of the transformer 2 and / or of environmental data that a changing temperature of the following occurs at a subsequent time Transformer 2 is expected due to a predicted utilization of the transformer 2 and / or due to previously said environmental influences.

The prediction algorithm software may be executed in the cloud database 7A and connected to the control unit 4 via a data connection. However, parts or all of the prediction algorithm software may also be executed in the local database 7B. Depending on the required computing power of the prediction algorithm software, however, it may be expedient not to carry out the more complex calculations locally in order to limit the computer hardware required in the control unit 4. In particular, if the predictive algorithm software is capable of learning and is connected to several systems and transformers, it is preferable if the predictive algorithm software is executed in the cloud database 7A and there, for example, on historical data sets of different ones Sys temen invention can access.

In the present embodiment, the transformer 2 is a traction transformer of a rail vehicle 8, in which also the cooling unit 3 and the control unit 4 are arranged. However, the system 1 can basically also be used for other transformers with a fluctuating load.

Environmental data are, for example topographic information about a route, in particular of the rail vehicle 8 comprising the transformer 2, a load profile of

Driving distance, local weather data or location data of the transformer 2. The system 1 may for this purpose, for example, include a GPS unit to determine the location of the transformer 2 in real time. Figure 2 shows an exemplary curve of the temperature T of a transformer of the prior art in the upper part of the figure and an exemplary curve of the temperature T of a transformer 2 in a system 1 of the present invention in the lower part of the figure.

TO indicates a normal operating temperature of the transformer 2, in which the transformer is not or only slightly loaded, for example. TC indicates a critical temperature of the transformer 2 above which the efficiency of the transformer is rapidly decreasing and the life of the transformer 2 is reduced. It is desirable to avoid exceeding the temperature TC as much as possible.

At time t2 begins in both parts of the figure, a heavy load of the transformer, for example in a rail vehicle, by a strong acceleration. In a prior art transformer, the cooling unit is activated only upon the occurrence of the heavy load. However, it takes some time until the full cooling effect of the cooling unit is reached, and therefore the transformer temporarily exceeds the critical temperature TC until the cooling unit can cool the transformer down to an acceptable temperature below the critical temperature TC. Exceeding the critical temperature TC significantly increases the heat losses of the transformer and the service life is reduced.

In the case of the system 1 according to the invention, the cooling unit 3 is already activated by the control unit 4 in anticipation of the following heavy load at time tl, before the beginning of the heavy load of the Trans transformer 2 at time t2. In the case of a rail vehicle 8, for example, the control unit 4 may "know" that a section of line is impending at a high speed, therefore a heavy load on the transformer 2 is to be expected and the cooling unit 3 will prematurely ramp up. In many or even all cases, the critical temperature TC can be avoided and the efficiency and service life of the transformer 2 can be increased.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention in a flowchart. In a step 100, the future control of the cooling unit 3 of the transformer 2 is calculated by the control unit 4 and / or a prediction algorithm software. In one

Step 110 is accessed for measurement data. Alternatively or additionally, in a step 120, environmental data about the external conditions of the transformer 2 are accessed. In a step 130, using the measurement data

and / or the environmental data, the change in the temperature of the transformer 2 due to the utilization of the transformer 2 and / or due to environmental factors calculated. In a step 140, the cooling unit 3 is then up-regulated by the control unit 4 before an increase in the load on the transformer 2 occurs and / or down-regulated, before a reduction in the load on the transformer 2 occurs. By this method, most, if not all, transgressions of a safe operating temperature of the transformer 2 can be avoided and thus the efficiency and life of the transformer 2 can be increased. It can also be a "control plan" for the cooling unit 3 depending on the time, track position, etc. The "rule plan" can also be revised at regular intervals to unexpected changes in the measurement data or environmental data, such as the weather or delays in the ferry service, to be able to react.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Reference sign list

1 system

2 transformer

3 cooling unit

4 control unit

5 coolant line

6A sensor

6B sensor

6C sensor

7A database (cloud database)

7B database (local database)

8 rail vehicle

100 steps

110 step

120 step

130 step

140 step

T temperature

T0 normal operating temperature

TC critical temperature

T0 normal operating temperature t time

tl, t2 time

Claims

claims

1. System (1) for controlling a cooling unit (3) of a

Transformer (2), in particular one

Traction transformer of a rail vehicle (8), comprising:

a transformer (2),

a cooling unit (3) arranged to cool the transformer (2),

- A control unit (4) which is adapted to control the cooling unit (3) for cooling the transformer (2), wherein the control unit (4) is adapted to use at least one state of the system (1) Abbil denden measurement data and / or environmental data, the cooling unit (3) to regulate in anticipation of a

due to the utilization of the transformer (2) and / or due to environmental influences changing temperature of the transformer (2).

2. System (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the system (1) has at least one sensor (6A, 6B, 6C) connected to the control unit (4), wherein the at least one sensor (6A, 6B, 6C )

a temperature sensor arranged on the transformer (2),

- One in a coolant line (5) between Transfor mator (2) and cooling unit (3) arranged temperature sensor, and / or

- One in a coolant line (5) between Transfor mator (2) and cooling unit (3) arranged mass flow sensor comprises.

3. System (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the measurement data comprises at least one of:

a temperature of the transformer (2),

a temperature of a coolant provided by the cooling unit (3), a mass flow of the coolant provided by the cooling unit (3),

a power of a pump motor in the cooling circuit of the cooling unit (3),

- A performance of at least one fan of the cooling unit (3).

4. System (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the environmental data comprises at least one of:

topographic information about a route, in particular a rail vehicle (8), which comprises the transformer (2),

a stress profile of the route,

- route, route,

- local weather data,

- location data of the transformer,

5. System (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the system (1) comprises a database (7A, 7B), preferably a cloud database (7A), and a data connection between the control unit (4 ) and the database (7A,

7B),

wherein the system (1) is set up so that the measurement data representing the at least one state is sent to the database (7A, 7B) via the data connection and / or

the system (1) is set up so that the environmental data is stored in the database (7A, 7B), and the control unit (4) retrieves the environmental data via the data connection.

6. System (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the system (1) comprises a prediction algorithm software, wherein the prediction algorithm software is adapted to use a mathematical model using the the least to determine a state of the measurement data and / or the environmental data to be expected at a subsequent time, a changing temperature of the transformer (2) due to a predicted utilization of the transformer (2) and / or on the basis of predicted environmental influences.

A system (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the prediction algorithm software is executed in a cloud database (7A) and connected to the control unit (4) via a data connection.

8. A method of controlling a system (1) comprising:

a transformer (2),

a cooling unit (3) arranged to cool the transformer (2),

- A control unit (4) which is adapted to control the cooling unit (3) for cooling the transformer (2), wherein the control unit (4), the cooling unit (3) in anticipation of a

due to the utilization of the transformer (2) and / or due to environmental influences changing temperature of the transformer (2) controls.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the system (1) comprises a prediction algorithm software,

- wherein the prediction algorithm software calculates by means of a mathematical model using at least one state of the system (1) imaging measurement data and / or environmental data, that at a subsequent time a changed temperature of the transformer (2) due to a predicted utilization of the transformer (2) and / or expected on the basis of predicted environmental influences,

- The prediction algorithm software based on the calculated expectation instructions for controlling the cooling unit (3) to the control unit (4) sends.

10. System (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the system (1), preferably the prediction Algorithm software for calculating the expectation of a changing temperature of the transformer (2) using at least one of the following measured data:

a temperature of the transformer (2),

a temperature of a coolant provided by the cooling unit (3),

a mass flow of the coolant provided by the cooling unit (3),

a power of a pump motor in the cooling circuit of the cooling unit (3),

- A performance of at least one fan of the cooling unit (3) and / or

used at least one of the following environmental data:

topographical information about a route, in particular a rail vehicle (8) comprising the transformer (2),

a load profile of the route,

- local weather data,

- location data of the transformer (2),

- Driving time according to timetable.