EP3736840B1

EP3736840B1 - Inductor assembly and speaker

Info

Publication number: EP3736840B1
Application number: EP19743230.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jingran WANG
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-01-24
Filing date: 2019-01-23
Publication date: 2023-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-23
Also published as: EP3736840C0; EP3736840A4; CN111954913A; CN108447665A; EP3736840A1; WO2019144887A1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of electrical devices, and more particularly, relates to an inductor assembly and a speaker.

BACKGROUND

An inductor is an element configured to convert electrical energy into magnetic energy and store the magnetic energy, which is an important part of the power system. In the power system, with a large number of non-linear loads being connected, problems such as voltage fluctuations and harmonic pollution may be caused. In order to solve these problems, the inductance of the inductor shall be adjusted during the operation.
An inductor that uses a saturation inductance method to adjust the inductance is provided in related art. The inductor includes a core, a first coil and a second coil which are wound on the core. The first coil is configured to be connected to an operating circuit (the current in the operating circuit is an alternating current), which enables the second coil to generate an induced current. When the inductance of the inductor needs to be adjusted, it is necessary to apply direct current to the second coil, and constantly change a magnitude of the direct current, so as to change a saturation degree of the core, then change a magnitude of the inductance of the first coil, and adjust an inductance of the inductor.
The inventors have found at least the following problems in the related art:
In the related art, when the magnitude of the inductance of the inductor is changed, it is necessary to apply direct current to the second coil, and constantly change the magnitude of the direct current, and the operation is complex.
JP2004140165A describes a variable inductor comprising: a first inductor having a prescribed inductance value, a second inductor having a prescribed inductance value which is formed to possess a mutual inductance with the first inductor, and a variable resistor connected across terminals of the second inductor. A resistance value of the variable resistor is continuously changed. Thus, the inductance value between terminals and of the first inductor can be changed.
CN1790565A describes a non-contact controllable reactor, which separates the dc control winding and ac operating winding in space, uses the adjustable hollow solenoid, the hollow solenoid with variable dc excitation, and the semi-iron core/circular-iron core straight solenoid with dc excitation as control winding. Wherein, regulating the reactance value by changing magnetic flux, controlling the magnetic saturation degree of semi-iron core, and controlling the rotation direction of magnetic domain of circular-iron core in cross magnetic field, improving the nonlinear character of traditional product, reducing harmonic wave quantity and reactor volume.
RU2348998C1 describes a reactor provided with a closed core, its central rod being within the closed core, control winding coiled on the central rod, network winding and control unit. The cylindrical rod is available in the reactor. It is situated concentrically with regard to the central rod and linked with the closed core.
CN202309082U describes an automatic stepless voltage regulating type reactive power compensator, which includes a capacitor set and a control portion thereof, wherein the line of the capacitor set connected to the electric network is serially connected with an adjustable reactor; the adjustable reactor comprises a primary side coil serially connected between the capacitor set and the electric network; the adjustable reactor is provided with a secondary control coil, with a bidirectional thyristor being connected between two ends of the secondary control coil; the control electrode of the bidirectional thyristor is connected with the intelligent controller; a detecting apparatus of the electric network reactive current is arranged upon the line of the capacitor set connected to the electric network; and the output of the detecting apparatus of the electric network reactive current is connected with the intelligent controller.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide an inductor assembly and a speaker, which may solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solutions are as follows:
In one aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an inductor assembly. The inductor assembly includes an inductor and a current regulating device;

wherein the inductor includes a first coil and a second coil;
wherein the second coil is configured to generate an induced current when an alternating current is flowing through; and
two ends of the second coil are connected to the current regulating device in series by means of conducting wires, and the current regulating device comprises a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a capacitor, an inductor, a fifth diode and an insulated gate bipolar transistor, wherein
one end of the second coil is connected to a cathode of the first diode and an anode of the third diode, another end of the second coil is connected to a cathode of the second diode and an anode of the fourth diode,
an anode of the first diode is connected to an anode of the second diode, one plate of the capacitor, a source of the insulated gate bipolar transistor and an anode of the fifth diode, respectively,
a cathode of the third diode is connected to a cathode of the fourth diode, another plate of the capacitor and one end of the inductor, respectively,
another end of the inductor is connected to a drain of insulated gate bipolar transistor and a cathode of the fifth diode, respectively.

Optionally, the first coil and the second coil are both air-core coils; and

the second coil is wound on the first coil; or
the first coil is wound on the second coil; or
the first coil and the second coil are co-wound.

Optionally, the inductor further includes a magnetic circuit core;
wherein the first coil and the second coil are both wound on the magnetic circuit core.
Optionally, the magnetic circuit core includes a closed magnetic circuit core; wherein

the first coil is wound on the closed magnetic circuit core, and the second coil is wound on the first coil; or
the second coil is wound on the closed magnetic circuit core, and the first coil is wound on the second coil; or
the first coil and the second coil are co-wound on the closed magnetic circuit core.

Optionally, the closed magnetic circuit core is one of a ring-shaped core and a ring-shaped core with a slit on a side wall.
Optionally, the magnetic circuit core includes an open magnetic circuit core; wherein

the first coil is wound on the open magnetic circuit core, and the second coil is wound on the first coil; or
the second coil is wound on the open magnetic circuit core, and the first coil is wound on the second coil; or
the first coil and the second coil are co-wound on the open magnetic circuit core.

Optionally, the open magnetic circuit core is a rod-shaped core.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a speaker. The speaker includes a frequency divider;
wherein the frequency divider includes the above-mentioned inductor assembly.
In the inductor assembly according to the embodiments of the present invention, a first coil, a second coil, and a current regulating device are provided, and two ends of the second coil are connected to the current regulating device in series by means of conducting wires. After the first coil is connected to an operating circuit, the second coil is enabled to generate an induced current. When an inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly needs to be changed, only the current regulating device needs to be regulated, and the operations are simple.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person of ordinary skill in the art may also derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment that does not form part of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural circuit diagram of an inductor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a triode.

1-first coil,
2-second coil,
3-variable resistor,
4-closed magnetic circuit core,
5-current regulating device, and
6-open magnetic circuit core.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For clearer descriptions of the objects, technical solutions and advantages in the present disclosure, the present disclosure is described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings.
An inductor is an element configured to convert electrical energy into magnetic energy and store the the magnetic energy, and is widely used in life. When the inductor is used, it is often necessary to adjust the inductance of the inductor.
For the adjustment of the inductance of the inductor, a thyristor-controlled transformer (TCT) principle is adopted for adjustment in related art I. However, because the structure of the transformer is too complicated, it is of poor practicability. In related art II, the saturation inductance method is configured for adjustment. The inductor used in this method includes a core, a first coil and a second coil which are wound on the core. During the adjustment process, apply direct current to the second coil, and constantly change the magnitude of the direct current, so as to change the saturation degree of the core, and then change the magnitude of the inductance of the first coil. This method will cause current flowing through the inductor to be distorted or generate harmonics.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the induced current generated by the second coil is configured to change a magnitude of a reverse magnetic flux by changing a magnitude of the current flowing through the second coil, so as to realize linear adjustment of the inductance of the inductor. The adjustment process is simple, and the air-core inductor, the open magnetic circuit inductor, and the closed-loop magnetic circuit inductor may all be linearly adjusted, which not only responds quickly, but also does not distort a waveform of the current flowing through the first coil.
Taking the closed-loop magnetic circuit inductor as an example, the principle of the adjustment process is explained as follows: the closed-loop magnetic circuit inductor includes a first coil, a second coil and a closed magnetic circuit core. When I₁N₁=I₂N₂, in an ideal state, the magnetic flux of the closed magnetic circuit core is zero. In the formula, I₁ is the current in the first coil, N₁ is the number of turns of the first coil, I₂ is the current in the second coil, and N₂ is the number of turns of the second coil. At this moment, when the magnitude of the current in the second coil is changed, a magnetic flux generated by the second coil and the magnetic flux generated by the first coil cancel each other, and the magnetic flux of the closed magnetic circuit core is also changed, such that the inductance of the first coil is changed, thus the adjustment of the inductance of the inductor is achieved.
In this regard, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an inductor assembly. As shown in FIG. 1, the inductor includes an inductor and a current regulating device 5. The inductor includes a first coil 1 and a second coil 2, wherein the first coil 1 is configured to, after being connected to an operating circuit, enable the second coil 2 to generate an induced current; two ends of the second coil 2 are connected to the current regulating device 5 in series by means of conducting wires, and the current regulating device 5 is configured to regulate the magnitude of the induced current generated by the second coil 2.
The first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit (it may be understood that the current applied at this moment to the first coil 1 is an alternating current), which enables the second coil 2 to generate an induced current. When the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly needs to be changed, the current regulating device 5 is configured to regulate a magnitude of current in the second coil 2, and then a magnitude of a magnetic flux of the second coil 2 is changed. At this moment, an inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly is regulated. Here, the "operating circuit" refers to the circuit where a load is disposed.
In the inductor assembly according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, a first coil 1, a second coil 2, and a current regulating device 5 are provided, and two ends of the second coil 2 are connected to the current regulating device 5 in series by means of conducting wires. After the first coil 1 is connected to an operating circuit, the second coil 2 is enabled to generate an induced current. When the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly needs to be changed, only the current regulating device 5 needs to be regulated, and the operations are simple.
It should be noted that inductors with various structures are all applicable to the inductor assembly according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the following is optional:
As an example, both the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 may be arranged as air-core coils, and the second coil 2 is wound on the first coil 1. Alternatively, the first coil 1 is wound on the second coil 2. Alternatively, the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are co-wound.
With this arrangement, the inductor assembly may be applied to occasions with a wide range of frequencies, ensuring that most audio frequencies may pass through smoothly.
Here, the term "co-wound" refers to that the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are mixed and co-wound to form a layer of air-core coils (in each of the above-mentioned situation in which the second coil 2 is wound on the first coil 1, or the first coil 1 is wound on the second coil 2, the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 form two layers of air-core coils). In a possible implementation, two wires are placed side by side for winding. With reference to FIG. 1, it may be seen that in the above-mentioned layer of air-core coils, the wires belonging to the first coil 1 are arranged alternately with the wires belonging to the second coil 2.
As another example, as shown in FIG. 1, the inductor assembly further includes a magnetic circuit core. The first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are both wound on the magnetic circuit core.
In an optional embodiment, the magnetic circuit core includes a closed magnetic circuit core 4, and the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are both wound on the closed magnetic circuit core 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 2. Optionally, the winding methods of the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 mentioned above may be as follows: the first coil 1 is wound on the closed magnetic core 4, and the second coil 2 is wound on the first coil 1; or the second coil 2 is wound on the closed magnetic circuit core 4, and the first coil 1 is wound on the second coil 2; or the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are co-wound on the closed magnetic circuit core 4. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the winding method of the first coil 1 and the second coil 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 may be wound respectively at different positions on the closed magnetic circuit core 4.
In this embodiment, the first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit to enable the second coil 2 to generate the induced current. When it is necessary to change the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly, the current regulating device 5 is configured to regulate the magnitude of the current in the second coil 2, and then the magnitude of the magnetic flux of the closed magnetic circuit core 4 is changed. At this moment, the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly is regulated. By this arrangement, it is ensured that the magnetic resistance of the inductor is small and the magnetic induction intensity is large.
The closed magnetic circuit core 4 may be in various structures. For example, the closed magnetic circuit core may be a ring structure, or a double-C-shaped structure with notches butted against each other, or a ring structure with a slit on the side wall, or the like.
As yet another example, the inductor assembly further includes an open magnetic circuit core 6. The first coil 1 is wound on the open magnetic circuit core 6, and the second coil 2 is wound on the first coil 1. Alternatively, the second coil 2 is wound on the open magnetic circuit core 6, and the first coil 1 is wound on the second coil 2. Alternatively, the first coil 1 and the second coil 2 are co-wound on the open magnetic circuit core 6. For the schematic diagram of the winding methods, reference may be made to FIG. 4.
The first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit to enable the second coil 2 to generate the induced current. When it is necessary to change the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly, the current regulating device 5 is configured to regulate the magnitude of the current in the second coil 2, and then the magnitude of the magnetic flux of the open magnetic circuit core 6 is changed. At this moment, the inductance of the inductor in the inductor assembly is regulated. By this arrangement, it is ensured that the magnetic resistance of the inductor is small and the magnetic induction intensity is large.
The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the structure of the open magnetic circuit core 6. For example, the open magnetic circuit core 6 may be a rod-shaped structure.
In an embodiment not covered by the present invention, the current regulating device 5 includes a variable resistor 3. According to the present invention, the current regulating device includes a rectifier switching device. Next, the variable resistor 3 and the rectifier switching device are described respectively:
The variable resistor 3: the variable resistor 3 is a resistor whose resistance may be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 5, the second coil 2 may be connected in series to the variable resistor 3 through wires (or another optional connection method), then the total resistance of the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed is equal to the sum of the resistance of the second coil 2 and that of the variable resistor 3. When the inductance of the inductor needs to be adjusted, the resistance value of the variable resistor 3 is adjusted, so as to change the total resistance of the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed, thereby changing the current of the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed. Afterwards, the magnetic flux of the second coil 2 is changed, and the inductance of the first coil 1 is changed accordingly. At this moment, the inductance of the inductor is regulated.
The rectifier switching device: According to the present invention, the rectifier switching device is an insulated gate bipolar transistor.
The insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT): it is a semiconductor element with a switching function. The application circuit of the IGBT is shown in FIG. 6 in which D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 all represent diodes, C represents a capacitor, and L₁ represents an inductor. In FIG. 6, the IGBT and D5 are connected in parallel, and the IGBT and D5 in parallel are configured as a first element, then the first element and the inductor L₁ are connected in series to form a first sub-circuit. The first sub-circuit is connected in parallel to the capacitor C to form a branch circuit. After the first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit, two ends of the second coil 2 are connected in series to the branch circuit by D₂ and D₃ when the direction of the current I₂ in the second coil 2 is the direction shown in FIG. 6. Accordingly, when the direction of the current I₂ in the second coil 2 is opposite to the direction shown in FIG. 6, two ends of the second coil 2 are connected in series to the branch circuit through D₁ and D₄. It can be seen that the second coil 2 is always connected in series to the branch circuit, that is, the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed is always a closed circuit.
Further, the switching state of the IGBT may be changed by a computer. When the IGBT is switched from the on state to the off state, the value of the current in the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed decreases; when the IGBT is switched from the off state to the on state, the value of the current in the second coil 2 is increased. Therefore, by regulating the switching frequencies of the IGBT by a computer, the switching states of the IGBT may be switched regularly, and the value of the current in the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed will be changed accordingly, thus the effective value of I₂ is changed, and the current of the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed may be adjusted. Therefore, the magnetic flux of the second coil 2 is changed, and the inductance of the first coil 1 is changed accordingly. At this moment, the inductance of the inductor is regulated.
It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 6, the function of the capacitor C is that when the switching state of the IGBT is changed, the capacitor may enable the current in the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed to change, thereby preventing the current waveform of the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed form being changed. The functions of the inductor L₁ are to prevent the generation of a surge current and protect the IGBT. At the moment when the first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit, a peak current, which is a surge current, is generated in the second coil 2. After the first coil 1 is connected to the operating circuit, the induced current generated by the second coil 2 is configured as a steady-state current, and the value of the surge current is greater than that of the steady-state current. Thus, damages may be caused to the IGBT. Therefore, in the invention, L₁ is configured to prevent the generation of the surge current to protect the IGBT
In examples that do not form part of the present invention, the rectifier switching device may include a thyristor or a triode. The thyristor is also a semiconductor element with a switching function. Moreover, the principle of regulating the inductance of inductor by a thyristor is the same as that by an IGBT, which is not repeated herein.
The Triode: the schematic diagram of the triode is shown in FIG. 7 in which B, C and E are the three electrodes of the triode respectively. The current from C to E is expressed as Ic, the current from B to E is expressed as Ib, and the value of Ic changes as the value of Ib changes. Therefore, the two electrodes C and E may be connected to the two ends of the second coil 2 respectively, and then the current in the circuit where the second coil 2 is disposed is Ic. After that, Ic is indirectly controlled by controlling Ib such that the magnetic flux of the second coil 2 is changed, and the inductance of the first coil 1 is also changed accordingly. At this moment, the inductance of the inductor is regulated.
In another aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a speaker which includes a frequency divider. The frequency divider includes the above-mentioned inductor assembly.
It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the speaker also has the above advantages of the inductor assembly. By using the inductor assembly provided in the present disclosure, a user may regulate the inductance according to his or her own preference, such that the frequency divider may better divide the frequencies of the speaker and make the response frequencies of the speaker become wider.
The structure of the speaker is common in the art, and it is also common in the art to provide a frequency divider and an inductor assembly in the speaker. For example, a reference may be made to patents such as the application No. CN00240314 . 5 entitled HIGH-FIDELITY SPEAKER.
Described above are merely embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure which is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

An inductor assembly, wherein the inductor assembly comprises: an inductor and a current regulating device (5); wherein
the inductor comprises: a first coil (1) and a second coil (2); wherein

the second coil (2) is configured to generate an induced current when an alternating current is flowing through the first coil (1); and

two ends of the second coil (2) are connected in series to the current regulating device (5) by a conducting wire, and the current regulating device (5) comprises an insulated gate bipolar transistor;

characterized in that the current regulating device (5) further comprises

a first diode, D1, a second diode, D2, a third diode, D3, a fourth diode, D4, a capacitor, C, an inductor, L1, and a fifth diode, D5, wherein:
one end of the second coil (2) is connected to a cathode of the first diode, D1, and an anode of the third diode, D3, another end of the second coil (2) is connected to a cathode of the second diode, D2, and an anode of the fourth diode, D4,

an anode of the first diode, D1, is connected to an anode of the second diode, D2, one plate of the capacitor, C, a source of the insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT, and an anode of the fifth diode, D5, respectively,

a cathode of the third diode, D3, is connected to a cathode of the fourth diode, D4, another plate of the capacitor, C, and one end of the inductor, L1, respectively,

another end of the inductor, L1, is connected to a drain of insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT, and a cathode of the fifth diode, D5, respectively.
The inductor assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the first coil (1) and the second coil (2) are both air-core coils; and

the second coil (2) is wound on the first coil (1); or

the first coil (1) is wound on the second coil (2); or

the first coil (1) and the second coil (2) are co-wound.
The inductor assembly according to claim 1, wherein the inductor assembly further comprises a magnetic circuit core;
wherein the first coil (1) and the second coil (2) are both wound on the magnetic circuit core.
The inductor assembly according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic circuit core comprises a closed magnetic circuit core (4); wherein
the first coil (1) is wound on the closed magnetic circuit core (4), and the second coil (2) is wound on the first coil (1); or

the second coil (2) is wound on the closed magnetic circuit core (4), and the first coil (1) is wound on the second coil (2); or

alternatively, the first coil (1) and the second coil (2) are co-wound on the closed magnetic circuit core (4).
The inductor assembly according to claim 4, wherein the closed magnetic circuit core (4) is one of a ring-shaped core and a ring-shaped core with a slit on a side wall.
The inductor assembly according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic circuit core comprises: an open magnetic circuit core (6); wherein
the first coil (1) is wound on the open magnetic circuit core (6), and the second coil (2) is wound on the first coil (1); or

the second coil (2) is wound on the open magnetic circuit core (6), and the first coil (1) is wound on the second coil (2); or

the first coil (1) and the second coil (2) are co-wound on the open magnetic circuit core (6).
The inductor assembly according to claim 6, wherein the open magnetic circuit core (6) is a rod-shaped core.
A speaker, comprising a frequency divider, wherein the frequency divider comprises the inductor assembly as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.