EP3726961A1 - Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat - Google Patents
Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstratInfo
- Publication number
- EP3726961A1 EP3726961A1 EP18819009.4A EP18819009A EP3726961A1 EP 3726961 A1 EP3726961 A1 EP 3726961A1 EP 18819009 A EP18819009 A EP 18819009A EP 3726961 A1 EP3726961 A1 EP 3726961A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- wood
- fibers
- fiber mat
- wood fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000294754 Macroptilium atropurpureum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical group N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006320 anionic starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116317 potato starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000044503 Antimicrobial Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108700042778 Antimicrobial Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000016943 Muramidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014251 Muramidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000013494 PH determination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000002278 Ribosomal Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000605 Ribosomal Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940125528 allosteric inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUFYVOCKVJOUIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Thujaplicin Natural products CC(C)C=1C=CC=CC(=O)C=1O TUFYVOCKVJOUIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUWUEFKEXZQKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-thujaplicin Chemical compound CC(C)C=1C=CC=C(O)C(=O)C=1 FUWUEFKEXZQKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005420 bog Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000274 lysozyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004325 lysozyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010335 lysozyme Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005614 potassium polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
Definitions
- Wood fiber mat for use as a plant substrate
- the present invention relates to a wood fiber mat for use as a plant substrate, to the use thereof, and to processes for the production thereof.
- One approach in this connection is the use of suitable substrate components which have good drainage properties in conjunction with a low nutrient content, high structural stability and good air conduction.
- the desired values for the nutrient content and pH value can be set exactly by liming and fertilization.
- Peat spreads well and quickly and is an ideal substrate source with adjustable water capacity.
- Peat, especially the white peat, has a good air flow even with water saturation, while black peat has a higher cation exchange capacity and better pH buffering.
- Peat is traditionally extracted from raised bogs and fens, which is increasingly ecologically unacceptable. Due to the high demand for peat, these are increasingly being imported, which leads to high costs and also leaves some ecological damage in the mining area.
- xylitol precursor of lignite
- mineral substrates such as vermiculite, porous volcanic rock, oil shale or rock wool
- the inherently hydrophobic glass fibers were rendered hydrophobic with the aid of surfactants and other auxiliaries (DE 4024727 A1).
- the mineral wool can also be provided with water-absorbing agents such as fumed silica, clay minerals, alumina or an organic superabsorbent such as an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer to improve the water retention capacity (DE 4035249 A1).
- water-absorbing agents such as fumed silica, clay minerals, alumina or an organic superabsorbent such as an acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymer to improve the water retention capacity (DE 4035249 A1).
- wood fibers were used as peat substitute in potting soil, but now have an important importance as an organic substrate component in horticulture. Wood fibers are often used in mixtures with reduced or no peat content. Of all the peat substitutes, the wood fiber is most similar in its properties to the peat except for the water capacity. Thanks to their pore structures, wood fibers have a significantly higher air capacity than peat and are generally free of weeds. The loose structure of the wood fibers requires good drainage properties and makes the substrates resistant to casting or structurally stable. A major disadvantage of wood fibers, however, is that the high air capacity is at the expense of a comparatively small water capacity.
- wood fiber mats have the disadvantage that they often lead to a low pH due to the wood fibers when watered in the water, which hinders the optimal absorption of minerals by the plant.
- the pH of the soil / the substrate should be around or above 4.5. This is especially true for tomatoes or cucumbers, which are predominantly cultivated in greenhouses on substrates.
- the wood fiber mats release wood ingredients (acetic acid, formic acid), which are responsible for the low pH value on the one hand and on the other hand can lead to an odor nuisance by the emission of these wood constituents. This is especially true because the space loading of greenhouses with such substrates is relatively high and additionally due to the high temperatures in the greenhouses increased emission takes place.
- the present invention is therefore based on the technical object of equipping the wood fibers known per se as a soilless substrate so that the deficiencies described above do not occur.
- no precursors are to be used, which are problematic in terms of disposal.
- the product should be considered positive in terms of its overall ecological profile (production from renewable raw materials, low energy requirement during production, easy disposal due to biodegradability, etc.).
- the use of the product in terms of properties should be comparable to the products currently on the market.
- a wood fiber mat for use as a plant substrate comprising wood fibers, and at least one polar liquid absorber, the wood fiber mat further comprising 5-10% by weight (based on the amount of wood fibers) of a biodegradable binder of polylactic acid fibers and 5-10% Gew% by weight (based on the amount of wood fibers) of at least one starch.
- a wood fiber mat comprising, as a binder, a combination of two binders, namely a combination of polylactic acid fibers as a synthetic binder and starch as a natural binder.
- the wood fiber mat according to the invention thus has various advantages. So a targeted pH adjustment of the plant mat is possible. The acetic acid emission is reduced.
- the wood fiber mat according to the invention can be disposed of in a simple manner, e.g. by composting the substrate mats after the life cycle phase.
- the substrate mats are fully recyclable.
- By a higher absorption behavior of the substrate mats it is ensured that during the vegetation phase of the plants the substrate moisture can be adjusted exactly and evenly. This circumstance causes a faster and consistent growth behavior of the plants.
- the thus more targeted dosage causes a finer distribution of added nutrients in the fiber composite. Nutrients can be fed more precisely to the root system.
- the wood fiber mat according to the invention has a markedly reduced tendency towards mold growth.
- the starch used as the binder is selected from the group comprising potato starch, corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch.
- Starch is a polysaccharide having the formula (C 6 HioOs) n consisting of aD-glucose units.
- the macromolecule is therefore one of the carbohydrates.
- Starch can physically bind, swell and gelatinize many times its own weight in water under the influence of heat. When heated with water, the starch swells at 47-57 ° C, the layers burst, and at 55-87 ° C (potato starch at 62.5 ° C, wheat starch at 67.5 ° C) produces starch paste, which depends on the type of starch has different stiffening power (corn starch paste greater than wheat starch paste, this larger than potato starch paste) and decomposes more or less easily under acidification.
- Starch can be used as a binder both in its native form and in its modified (derivatized) form.
- the at least one starch may be in native or modified (derivatized) form in the wood fiber mat.
- the starch-containing binder used is preferably DuraBinders from Ecosynthetix.
- modified or derivatized starch as a binder, this may be selected from a group comprising cationic or anionic starch, carboxylated starch, carboxy-methylated starch, sulfated starch, phosphorylated starch, etherified starch such as hydroxyalkylated starch (eg hydroxyethylated starch, hydroxypropylated starch), oxidized starch containing carboxyl or dialdehyde groups, and hydrophobic starches such as acetate, succinate, half or phosphate esters.
- hydroxyalkylated starch eg hydroxyethylated starch, hydroxypropylated starch
- hydrophobic starches such as acetate, succinate, half or phosphate esters.
- the at least one starch is contained in an amount between 5 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 8% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 7% by weight, based on the amount of wood fibers (atro).
- the polylactic acid fibers are contained in an amount of 5 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 8% by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 7% by weight based on the amount of wood fibers (atro). It is also generally conceivable that more than 10% by weight of polylactic acid fibers, e.g. 15% by weight or 20% by weight. However, this would lead to an increase in the strength of the wood fiber mat to such an extent that the growth of the plants would be impaired.
- polylactic acid fibers having a length of 38 mm +/- 3 mm and a fineness of 1.7 dtex are used.
- the present wood fiber mat has an increased pH compared to wood fiber mats with non-biodegradable binders.
- the present wood fiber mat may have a pH of greater than 4.0, preferably greater than 4.4.
- the pH range of the present wood fiber mat is between 4.0 and 8.0, preferably between 4.4 and 7.0, particularly preferably between 4.8 and 6.0.
- the pH of the present wood fiber mat is at least 1, 0 higher than in a wood fiber mat made with non-biodegradable binder / binder fibers (eg, polyethylene fibers, biko fibers).
- the pH determination of the wood fiber mat is carried out by introducing a mixture of wood fibers, starch and polylactic acid fibers in water and then determining the pH of the aqueous solution.
- the wood fiber mat according to the invention has a reduced odor, in particular acetic acid.
- the at least one absorbent is distributed evenly (homogeneously) or unevenly (inhomogeneously) in the wood fiber mat.
- the at least one absorbent is preferably distributed uniformly over the entire thickness or width of the wood fiber mat. Accordingly, the absorbent in this case has a uniform concentration in the mat.
- the amount of absorbent in the final wood fiber mat with a uniform distribution between 1-10 wt%, preferably 1, 5-5 wt%, particularly preferably 1, 5 wt% based on the total weight of wood fibers.
- the at least one absorbent may be distributed or arranged in at least one predetermined position of the wood fiber mat. Accordingly, the distribution of the absorbent occurs within a layer of the wood fiber mat from which the absorbent can diffuse into the adjacent regions within the wood fiber mat.
- the amount of the absorbent may be between 10 and 100 g / m 2 , preferably 30 to 80 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 50 to 60 g / m 2 .
- the advantage of disposing the absorbent in a layer within the wood fiber mat is that the amount of absorbent can be controlled in dependence on plant size and water requirements in the manufacture of the wood fiber mat, in a straightforward manner via the scattered amount of the absorbent.
- the at least one absorbent can be locally limited in the Wood fiber mat can be provided.
- a localized arrangement of the absorbent in the wood fiber mat is done, for example, in a recess made in the wood fiber mat (for example, hole, notch, etc.).
- the at least one absorbent used is an acrylic-based polymer, especially a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylate.
- acrylic-containing absorbents with particle sizes between 100-1000 pm are also known as superabsorbents capable of absorbing many times their own weight of polar liquids such as water. Upon absorption of the liquid, the superabsorbent swells and forms a hydrogel.
- the absorbent in a particularly preferred embodiment consists of a copolymer of potassium polyacrylate and polyamide.
- absorbents such as clay minerals, in particular phyllosilicates, silica gel or alumina is possible.
- the present wood fiber mat comprises at least one antimicrobial agent.
- the presently used antimicrobial agent is particularly effective against bacteria, yeasts, fungi or algae.
- Hinokitol or polyamines can be used as fungicides.
- the antimicrobial agent used preferably penetrates into the cell wall of the microorganisms and acts as a selective allosteric inhibitor of various enzymes, in particular enzymes of cell wall biosynthesis or ribosomal protein biosynthesis.
- antimicrobial peptides AMP
- lysozyme antimicrobial peptides
- the antimicrobial agent may be used in an amount of between 0.5-5% by weight, preferably 1-4% by weight, more preferably 2% by weight, based on the amount of wood fibers in the wood fiber mat.
- the antimicrobial agent is applied to the top of the fiber cake of wood fibers and binder prior to compaction and calibration.
- plant nutrients are present in the present wood fiber mat, which ensure adequate supply of the plants with nitrogen, phosphates, sulfur and other trace elements.
- An additional supply of wood fiber mat with plant nutrients is necessary because wood fibers in themselves have a low nutrient content.
- the wood fiber mats have the advantage that a targeted adjustment of the nutrient content by liming and fertilization is possible.
- the addition of the plant nutrients is preferably carried out during or subsequent to the production of the wood fiber mat.
- the addition of plant nutrients to the wood fibers can be done in the blow-line or sprayed on the fleece. Another possibility is that the nutrients are added to the water of the plant mat.
- the wood fibers used in the present wood fiber mat are dry wood fibers having a length of 1, 0 mm to 20 mm, preferably 1, 5 mm to 10 mm and a thickness of 0.05 mm to 1 mm.
- the wood fiber moisture content of the fibers used is in a range between 5 and 15%, preferably 6 and 12%, particularly preferably 10%, based on the total weight of the wood fibers
- the present wood fiber mat has a thickness between 20 and 200 mm, preferably 50 and 150 mm, particularly preferably 80 and 100 mm.
- the apparent density of the present wood fiber mat is 50-250 kg / m 3 , preferably 70-170 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably 100-140 kgm 3 .
- the present wood fiber mat can be used as a plant substrate or substrate component in agriculture or horticulture.
- a use of wood fiber mat for green roofs or for plant breeding is conceivable.
- the present wood fiber mat can be produced in a process by the following steps: a) producing wood fibers from lignocellulosic starting material, b) contacting the wood fibers with at least part of a solution of at least one starch, c) drying the with the at least one starch mixed wood fibers, d) contacting the wood fibers mixed with the at least one starch with polylactic acid fibers; e) applying the mixture of wood fibers, starch and polylactic acid fibers to a conveyor belt to form a fiber cake, and f) heating and compacting the fiber cake into a wood fiber mat.
- step a To produce the wood fibers according to step a), the wood chips are first cleaned, then defibered and dried.
- the contacting of the wood fibers with at least part of a starch solution in step b) is preferably carried out in a blow-line process in which the starch solution is injected into the wood fiber stream, whereby a homogeneous distribution of the starch on the Wood fibers is effected. It is possible that the starch solution for wood fiber crosslinking in the blow-line to a wood fiber-steam mixture is performed.
- the wood fibers provided with the starch solution are subsequently dried (see step c).
- the drying may be dried in a roaster dryer (e.g., known in the woodworking industry).
- the wood fibers mixed with the at least one starch are conducted together with the polylactic acid fibers over a blow pipe and inflated onto a conveyor belt.
- step d takes place through the injected air as a means of transport.
- the amount of supplied fiber mixture depends on the desired layer thickness and the desired bulk density of the wood fiber mat to be produced.
- the step of compacting is carried out at temperatures between 120 ° C and 220 ° C, preferably 150 ° C and 200 ° C, in particular 170 ° C and 180 ° C, wherein the fiber cake to a thickness between 20 and 200 mm, preferably 50 and 150mm , Particularly preferably 80 and 100 mm is compressed.
- This can be done in a circulating air oven, in which the mat is flowed through by hot air. From the fleece, the mat is formed in the oven during the flow of hot air, wherein adhesive dots are formed between the wood fibers and the biodegradable polylactic acid fibers by heating them. While the other component is also an adhesive, the polylactic acid fibers provide a supportive matrix for the mat - particularly, the thicker the mat becomes.
- a hot press could be used where the heat is mainly due to contact with the hot ones Press plates is introduced into the mat for mat formation. Often the fleece is therefore preheated before the hot press.
- the fiber mat is finally reduced to the desired dimensions and cooled; the cooling preferably takes place during the calibration and in the cooling zone of the continuous furnace.
- At least one (further) part of the solution of the at least one starch together with the polylactic acid fibers in step d) is contacted (mixed) with the wood fibers. This can be done by spraying the fiber mixture in the mixing station.
- a step e1) the mixture of wood fibers, starch and polylactic acid fibers is applied to a first conveyor belt to form a preliminary web and in a step e2) the pre-web is defibered and mixed and the fiber mixture is applied to a second conveyor belt to form a fiber cake ,
- the at least one absorbent is applied to the pre-fleece and / or the fiber cake. This can e.g. using a powder spreader.
- the defibration of the pre-fleece mixed with the absorbent is carried out, which, after being mixed again, is blown onto a second conveyor belt.
- a first layer of a fiber mixture of wood fibers and binder combination (for example in an amount between 1000 and 2000 g / m 2 , preferably 1500 g / m 2 ) is first inflated or spread onto the conveyor belt, then the absorbent as a second layer this fiber mixture or Vorvlies applied and then another, third layer of a fiber mixture of wood fibers and binder combination (eg in an amount between 2000 and 3000 g / m 2 , preferably 2500 g / m 2 ) applied to the fleece.
- the absorbent in this case is registered as a two-dimensional layer or layer within the wood fiber mat, causing an inhomogeneous distribution of the absorbent in the wood fiber mat. Due to this specific layered arrangement of the absorbent, the concentration thereof is locally increased within the wood fiber mat.
- the at least one antimicrobial agent is applied (e.g., sprayed on) the pre-batt (e.g., prior to defibration at the end of the first conveyor) and / or the fiber cake.
- the fiber cake is preferably provided on top with the at least one antimicrobial agent and then transferred to an oven in which the final calibration and / or compaction takes place.
- the absorbent is localized.
- at least one recess is introduced into the finished wood fiber mat, in which the at least one absorbent is introduced. This can be done together with a plant seed or a young plant.
- the absorbent is introduced only after the pressing or compacting in the mat at a predetermined location.
- the advantage of this variant is that the wood fiber mat during storage and thus before the actual use as a substrate component does not absorb unnecessary moisture and thus any mold or rotting processes of the wood fiber mat are avoided due to an increased moisture content.
- the amount of absorbed absorbent can be between 1 and 50 g, preferably between 1 and 20 g, particularly preferably between 1 and 10 g. Again, the amount depends on the size of the plant, the size of the well and the water requirement.
- Embodiment 1 The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments.
- Embodiment 1 The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments.
- wood chips are made from woodchips, which are subsequently mixed with a starch binder (Ecosynthetix) in the blowline.
- the amount added was at 5% wt% fixed to wood atro. It can be used various types of wood, preferably softwood.
- the glue had a solids content of about 50%. This mixture was then dried to a humidity of about 10%.
- PLA fiber polylactic acid fibers
- an endless mat is produced by inflation onto a conveyor belt. Thereafter, a further mixing and depositing on another conveyor belt. About 5600 g of mixture / m 2 are sprinkled.
- the fiber cake is then heated in a convection oven to temperatures of 120-180 ° C and calibrated to the desired thickness and thus compacted. During calibration, the fiber cake is cooled down to approx. 30 - 40 ° C with cooling air. The production speed of the conveyor belt was 5 m / min. At the end of the convection oven, the mat is compressed to 80 mm.
- a wood fiber mat was made with binding fibers based on PET (polyethylene terephthalate) in the same thickness and density (about 70 kg / m 3 ). The proportion of binder fiber was about 7% by weight. Blanks or rolls are produced from the continuous fiber mat.
- Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- wood chips are made from woodchips, which are subsequently mixed with a starch binder (Ecosynthetix) in the blowline.
- the amount added was 10% by weight of wood atro.
- the glue had a solids content of about 50%. This mixture was then dried to a humidity of about 10%.
- These wood fibers with starch binder are then mixed in a fiber mixer with polylactic acid fibers (proportion polylactic acid fibers: about 3% by weight on wood fibers atro).
- the PLA fibers have a length of 22 mm +/- 3 mm and a fineness of 1.7 dtex. From the mixture, a mat is created by blowing on a conveyor belt. Thereafter, a further mixing and depositing on a conveyor belt. About 5600 g of mixture / m 2 are sprinkled.
- the fiber cake is then heated in a forced air oven to temperatures of 120-180 ° C and compacted.
- the speed of the conveyor belt was 5 m / min.
- the mat is compacted to 80 mm. Blanks or rolls are produced from the continuous fiber mat.
- the samples were analyzed in addition to the pH and the odor. This was done by a group of people who have experience with the olfactometric assessment of products.
- wood chips are made from woodchips, which are subsequently mixed with a starch binder (Ecosynthetix) in the blowline.
- the amount added was at 5% wt% fixed to wood atro.
- wood atro There may be different types of wood be used, preferably softwood.
- the glue had a solids content of about 50%. This mixture was then dried to a humidity of about 10%.
- PLA fiber polylactic acid fibers
- an endless mat is produced by inflation onto a conveyor belt. This is followed by a further mixing and depositing on another conveyor belt. About 5600 g of mixture / m 2 are sprinkled.
- the fiber cake is then heated in a convection oven to temperatures of 120-180 ° C and calibrated to the desired thickness and thus compacted. During calibration, the fiber cake is cooled down to approx. 30 - 40 ° C with cooling air. The production speed of the conveyor belt was 5 m / min. At the end of the convection oven, the mat is compressed to 80 mm.
- a wood fiber mat was produced with binding fibers based on polylactic acid fibers in the same thickness and density (about 70 kg / m 3 ). The proportion of binder fiber was about 7% by weight. Blanks or rolls are produced from the continuous fiber mat.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17208071 | 2017-12-18 | ||
EP18161207.8A EP3498088B1 (de) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-12 | Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat |
PCT/EP2018/083312 WO2019120964A1 (de) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-12-03 | Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3726961A1 true EP3726961A1 (de) | 2020-10-28 |
Family
ID=60673813
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18161207.8A Active EP3498088B1 (de) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-12 | Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat |
EP18819009.4A Withdrawn EP3726961A1 (de) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-12-03 | Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18161207.8A Active EP3498088B1 (de) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-12 | Holzfasermatte zur verwendung als pflanzensubstrat |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20210068356A1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP3498088B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2021506289A (de) |
CN (1) | CN111615331A (de) |
ES (1) | ES2782001T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HUE049571T2 (de) |
PL (1) | PL3498088T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT3498088T (de) |
RU (1) | RU2020115533A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019120964A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4024727A1 (de) | 1990-08-03 | 1992-02-06 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Verfahren zur herstellung von mineralwolleprodukten mit hydrophilen eigenschaften |
DE4035249A1 (de) | 1990-11-06 | 1992-05-07 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Formteil aus gebundener mineralwolle zur kultivierunng von pflanzen |
DE10060158A1 (de) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-06-13 | Blieninger Holzspaene Gmbh | Verpresster Formkörper |
US20040020114A1 (en) * | 2002-07-23 | 2004-02-05 | Bki Holding Corporation | Cellulose support for seed |
DE102006038901A1 (de) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | OLDUS Oldenburger & Schlitt GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Michael Uwe Schlitt, 64295 Darmstadt) | Biosynthetisches Substrat |
US20090019765A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | 6062 Holdings, Llc | Plant growth medium |
CN101701223A (zh) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-05 | 南京大学 | 提高木质纤维原料厌氧产气速率的方法 |
CN101864683B (zh) * | 2010-03-25 | 2012-11-14 | 清华大学 | 一种木质纤维原料的预处理方法 |
FR2966822B1 (fr) * | 2010-11-02 | 2017-12-22 | Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics Europe | Liant pour mat de fibres, notamment minerales, et produits obtenus |
EP2450487B1 (de) * | 2010-11-05 | 2016-01-27 | Arjowiggins Healthcare | Biologisch abbaubare Sterilisationshülle |
WO2012149115A1 (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-11-01 | International Horticultural Technologies, Llc. | Soil free planting composition |
ES2686518T3 (es) * | 2015-09-17 | 2018-10-18 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Estera de fibras de madera para el uso como sustrato vegetal |
-
2018
- 2018-03-12 PT PT181612078T patent/PT3498088T/pt unknown
- 2018-03-12 PL PL18161207T patent/PL3498088T3/pl unknown
- 2018-03-12 EP EP18161207.8A patent/EP3498088B1/de active Active
- 2018-03-12 ES ES18161207T patent/ES2782001T3/es active Active
- 2018-03-12 HU HUE18161207A patent/HUE049571T2/hu unknown
- 2018-12-03 US US16/772,283 patent/US20210068356A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-12-03 CN CN201880081206.8A patent/CN111615331A/zh active Pending
- 2018-12-03 RU RU2020115533A patent/RU2020115533A/ru unknown
- 2018-12-03 JP JP2020533226A patent/JP2021506289A/ja active Pending
- 2018-12-03 WO PCT/EP2018/083312 patent/WO2019120964A1/de unknown
- 2018-12-03 EP EP18819009.4A patent/EP3726961A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2020115533A3 (de) | 2021-11-17 |
RU2020115533A (ru) | 2021-11-08 |
US20210068356A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
HUE049571T2 (hu) | 2020-09-28 |
WO2019120964A1 (de) | 2019-06-27 |
ES2782001T3 (es) | 2020-09-09 |
CN111615331A (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
EP3498088A1 (de) | 2019-06-19 |
PL3498088T3 (pl) | 2020-08-24 |
JP2021506289A (ja) | 2021-02-22 |
EP3498088B1 (de) | 2020-02-12 |
PT3498088T (pt) | 2020-05-15 |
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