EP3717549A1 - Pes-ppsu blends as basis for foams - Google Patents

Pes-ppsu blends as basis for foams

Info

Publication number
EP3717549A1
EP3717549A1 EP18800980.7A EP18800980A EP3717549A1 EP 3717549 A1 EP3717549 A1 EP 3717549A1 EP 18800980 A EP18800980 A EP 18800980A EP 3717549 A1 EP3717549 A1 EP 3717549A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
temperature
foams
foaming
pes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18800980.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Trassl
Kay Bernhard
Luiz ARAUJO
Ina LIEBL
Dirk Roosen
Uwe Lang
Thomas Richter
Marion HAX
Ron Van Hoorn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Operations GmbH filed Critical Evonik Operations GmbH
Publication of EP3717549A1 publication Critical patent/EP3717549A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L81/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0004—Use of compounding ingredients, the chemical constitution of which is unknown, broadly defined, or irrelevant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C08J9/0071—Nanosized fillers, i.e. having at least one dimension below 100 nanometers
    • C08J9/008—Nanoparticles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/125—Water, e.g. hydrated salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/142—Compounds containing oxygen but no halogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L81/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of polysulfones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L81/02—Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/032—Impregnation of a formed object with a gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/10—Water or water-releasing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/12—Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2381/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2481/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2481/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • porous membranes of such blends are described, for example, in EP 0 764 461.
  • Such membranes are made by casting from an aqueous polymer composition.
  • Foams made of PPSU or PES are known in principle, although not in mixture with each other. So in L. Sorrentino were: "Polymeric foams from high-performance
  • Blends containing either PPSU or PSE are known as it were, though information in the art is rare. So both polymers are especially as in the Quantity of subordinate components, eg described in PS foams, in order to influence the properties in these commodity materials. Foams containing PPSU or PES as the main component are only to be found in a few descriptions, such as the following:
  • WO 2015/097058 describes foams based on PPSU or PES containing at least 10% by weight of a polyolefin.
  • the phase-separating polyolefin acts primarily as a nucleating agent. In this case, more uniform pores are achieved, but without the flame retardancy or mechanical properties, such as
  • Temperatures good mechanical properties, in particular with respect to the elongation at break and have a sufficient for many applications in the field of vehicle and aircraft at least sufficient flame retardancy.
  • the foam should be used in an application range of up to 120 ° C, preferably up to 150 ° C ambient temperature even over long periods.
  • the foam should be realized from the composition to be developed by a variety of methods and with a wide range of shapes.
  • this composition has 0.5 to 10% by weight of a blowing agent.
  • the composition consists of 90 to 95% by weight of a mixture of PES and PPSU in a ratio between 1 to 1 and 8 to 1, 1 to 9% by weight of a blowing agent and 1 to 5% by weight of additives.
  • the additives may in particular be flame retardant additives, plasticizers, pigments, UV stabilizers, nucleating agents, impact modifiers, adhesion promoters, rheology modifiers, chain extenders, fibers and / or nanoparticles.
  • phosphorus compounds in particular phosphates, phosphines or phosphites are used.
  • Suitable UV stabilizers or UV absorbers are generally known to the person skilled in the art.
  • HALS compounds Tiuvine or triazoles.
  • the impact modifiers used are generally polymer particles comprising an elastomer or soft phase. These are often core (shell) shell particles, with an outer shell that is as a maximum weakly crosslinked and as a pure polymer would have at least minimal miscibility with the blend of PES and PPSU.
  • all known pigments can be used as pigments.
  • the influence on the foaming process - as with all other additives used in larger amounts of more than 0.1% by weight - should be investigated. This is feasible for the skilled person with relatively little effort.
  • the fibers are usually known fiber materials, the one
  • the nanoparticles which can be present, for example, as tubes, flakes, rods, spheres or in other known forms, are generally inorganic materials. These can take on different functions in the finished foam. Thus, these particles partially act as nucleating agents during foaming. Furthermore, the particles can influence the mechanical properties as well as the (gas) diffusion properties of the foam. Furthermore, the particles additionally contribute to the low flammability.
  • phase-separating polymers can also be added as nucleating agents.
  • the polymers described are separated from the others in the consideration of the composition
  • Nucleating agents as these primarily affect the mechanical properties of the foam, the melt viscosity of the composition and thus the
  • the chemical blowing agents are less or non-volatile substances that are chemically decomposed under the foaming conditions and thereby form the actual blowing agent.
  • a very simple example of this is tert-butanol, which is under
  • Foaming conditions isobutene and water forms.
  • Further examples are NaHCO 3, citric acid or their derivatives, azodicarbonamide (ADC) or compounds thereof,
  • TSH Toluenesulfonylhydrazine
  • OBSH oxybis (benzosulfohydrozide)
  • 5-phenyltetrazole 5-PT
  • foams prepared from the compositions of the invention are also part of the present invention.
  • a method for foaming the compositions of the invention is part of the present invention.
  • the composition is foamed at a temperature between 150 and 250 ° C and a pressure between 0.1 and 2 bar.
  • the foaming takes place at a temperature between 180 and 230 ° C in a
  • Polymer compositions are known, in particular with respect to methods for
  • thermoplastic foams are applicable to the present composition. However, there are some particularly preferred alternatives.
  • a composition still without leavening, in an autoclave at a temperature between 20 and 120 ° C and a pressure between 30 and 100 bar applied to the propellant and then by lowering the pressure and raising the temperature to the foaming temperature foamed in an autoclave.
  • the composition charged with the blowing agent is cooled in an autoclave and removed after cooling. This composition can then be foamed later by heating to the foaming temperature. This can also be done, for example, with further shaping or in conjunction with other elements such as inserts or cover layers.
  • the composition containing the blowing agent is heated in an extruder.
  • the composition is heated without leavening agent in an extruder and charged with the blowing agent, preferably with CO 2 and / or N 2 in the extruder.
  • the composition can be discharged from the extruder by means of a slot die or other shaping nozzle and thereby foamed.
  • This variant can, for example, with a direct subsequent coextrusion or lamination can be combined in such a way that cover layers are applied directly to a foam sheet or foil formed from a slot die.
  • the composition is foamed on exiting the extruder and thereby by means of a granulator
  • the granulator is mounted so close to the exit point of the nozzle that the already separated particles foam immediately after formation.
  • Composition are discharged at the exit from the extruder in a foam injection device. In this device is then foamed directly under shaping.
  • a fourth alternative embodiment is characterized in that the composition is discharged on exiting an extruder in an underwater granulator, wherein in this such a combination of temperature and pressure is present that foaming is prevented.
  • the resulting, propellant loaded granules can then later - for example, thermally - foamed.
  • the foams according to the invention or the foams produced by the process according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways. Preference is given to
  • Foams in the vehicle such. used in the construction of road, rail, water, space or aircraft. Due to the heavy flammability foams of the invention can be installed in particular in the interior of these vehicles. Further applications are found, for example, in the electrical industry, in the construction of wind turbines or in mechanical engineering.
  • the foams according to the invention preferably have a degree of foaming which constitutes a reduction of the density in relation to the pure blend of between 1 and 98%, preferably between 50 and 97%, particularly preferably between 70 and 95%.
  • the foam has a density between 20 and 1000 kg / m 3 , preferably 40 and 250 kg / m 3 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for producing novel foams which combine especially good flame-retardant properties with good elongation at break. These novel foams are produced from a polyethersulfone (PES) and polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU) blend.

Description

PES-PPSU-Blends als Basis für Schaumstoffe  PES-PPSU blends as the basis for foams
Gebiet der Erfindung Field of the invention
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung neuartiger The present invention relates to a composition for producing novel
Schaumstoffe, die insbesondere gute Flammschutzeigenschaften mit einer guten Reißdehnung verbinden. Diese neuartigen Schaumstoffe werden aus einem Blend aus Polyethersulfon (PES) und Polyphenylensulfon (PPSU) hergestellt. Foams which in particular combine good flame retardancy with good elongation at break. These novel foams are made from a blend of polyethersulfone (PES) and polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU).
Stand der Technik State of the art
Blends aus PES und PPSU sind für andere technische Anwendungen durchaus bekannt. So beschreibt die EP 1 497 376 einen entsprechenden Blend zur Verarbeitung in der Blends of PES and PPSU are well known for other technical applications. Thus, EP 1 497 376 describes a corresponding blend for processing in the
Schmelzformung, im Spritzguss, im Druckguss, in einer Extrusion oder bei der Blasenformung. Es ist jedoch nicht bekannt, aus einer solchen Zusammensetzung einen Schaumstoff herzustellen. Melt molding, injection molding, die casting, extrusion or blow molding. However, it is not known to make a foam from such a composition.
Auch poröse Membranen aus solchen Blends sind, beispielsweise in der EP 0 764 461 , beschrieben. Solche Membranen werden mittels eines Gussverfahrens aus einer wässrigen Polymerzusammensetzung hergestellt. Also porous membranes of such blends are described, for example, in EP 0 764 461. Such membranes are made by casting from an aqueous polymer composition.
Viele industriell genutzte Schaumstoffe haben entweder Nachteile bei der Verwendung bei hohen Temperauren oder aber insgesamt, und insbesondere bei diesen hohen Temperaturen, nicht optimale mechanische Eigenschaften. Hinzu kommt, dass nur sehr wenige Schaumstoffe bekannt sind, die nicht leicht zu entflammen sind und daher z.B. in Innenräumen von Straßen-, Schienenoder Luftfahrzeugen verbaut werden können. So haben beispielsweise PES-Schäume eine schlechte Flammschutzwirkung, während PPSU-Schäume beispielsweise eine nicht optimale Reißfestigkeit aufweisen. Many industrially used foams have either disadvantages in use at high temperatures or in total, and especially at these high temperatures, not optimal mechanical properties. In addition, very few foams are known which are not easy to inflame and therefore, e.g. be installed in the interior of road, rail or aircraft. For example, PES foams have a poor flame retardancy, while PPSU foams, for example, have a non-optimal tear strength.
Schaumstoffe aus PPSU oder PES sind grundsätzlich bekannt, wenn auch nicht in Mischung miteinander. So wurden in L. Sorrentino:„Polymerie Foams from High-Performance Foams made of PPSU or PES are known in principle, although not in mixture with each other. So in L. Sorrentino were: "Polymeric foams from high-performance
Thermoplastics“, Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 30, No. 3, S. 234-243, 2011 (DOI 10.1002/adv) entsprechende Untersuchungen zur Identifikation idealer Bedingungen für das Schäumen von PPSU bzw. PES bestimmt. Thermoplastics, Advances in Polymer Technology, Vol. 3, pp. 234-243, 2011 (DOI 10.1002 / adv), corresponding studies for the identification of ideal conditions for the foaming of PPSU or PES are determined.
Blends, die entweder PPSU oder PSE enthalten sind gleichsam bekannt, wenn auch Angaben dazu im Stand der Technik eher selten sind. So sind beide Polymere insbesondere als in der Menge untergeordnete Komponente z.B. in PS-Schäumen beschrieben, um in diesen Commodity Materialien die Eigenschaften zu beeinflussen. Schäume die dagegen PPSU oder PES als Hauptkomponente enthalten sind nur in wenigen Beschreibungen, wie beispielsweise den folgenden, zu finden: Blends containing either PPSU or PSE are known as it were, though information in the art is rare. So both polymers are especially as in the Quantity of subordinate components, eg described in PS foams, in order to influence the properties in these commodity materials. Foams containing PPSU or PES as the main component are only to be found in a few descriptions, such as the following:
In US 4,940,733 ist ein Schaumstoff, basierend auf einem Blend aus einem Polycarbonat und einem zweiten Polymer, bei dem es sich neben einer Vielzahl anderer Beispiele auch um PES oder PPSU handeln kann. Ein solcher Schaum weist zwar eine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit, jedoch keine besonders gute Flammschutzwirkung auf. Zu den mechanischen Eigenschaften fehlen darüber hinaus Angaben. In US 4,940,733 is a foam, based on a blend of a polycarbonate and a second polymer, which may be in addition to a variety of other examples also PES or PPSU. Although such a foam has a high temperature resistance, but no particularly good flame retardancy. In addition to the mechanical properties are missing information.
In der WO 2015/097058 werden Schaumstoffe auf Basis von PPSU oder PES, enthaltend mindestens 10 Gew% eines Polyolefins, beschrieben. Das phasenseparierende Polyolefin wirkt dabei wohl primär als Nukleierungsmittel. Dabei werden gleichmäßigere Poren erzielt, ohne jedoch die Flammschutzeigenschaften oder mechanische Eigenschaften, wie zum Beispiel die WO 2015/097058 describes foams based on PPSU or PES containing at least 10% by weight of a polyolefin. The phase-separating polyolefin acts primarily as a nucleating agent. In this case, more uniform pores are achieved, but without the flame retardancy or mechanical properties, such as
Reißdehnung positiv zu beeinflussen. Aufgrund der Phasenseparation ist sogar eher von einer schlechteren Reißdehnung auszugehen. In Hinblick auf die Flammschutzeigenschaften ist durch die Beimischung einer Polyolefinkomponente ebenfalls von einer Verschlechterung auszugehen. Positively affect elongation at break. Due to the phase separation is even more likely to assume a poorer elongation at break. In terms of flame retardancy, the addition of a polyolefin component is also expected to cause deterioration.
Aufgabe task
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es in Hinblick auf den Stand der Technik eine Object of the present invention, it was in view of the prior art
Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung neuartiger Schaumstoffe zur Verfügung zu stellen. Dabei sollen die resultierenden Schaumstoffe eine gute Kombination aus Anwendbarkeit bei hohen To provide composition for producing novel foams. The resulting foams should be a good combination of applicability at high
Temperaturen, guten mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere bezüglich der Reißdehnung und eine für viele Anwendungen im Bereich des Fahrzeug- und Flugzeugbaus zumindest ausreichende Flammschutzwirkung haben. Temperatures, good mechanical properties, in particular with respect to the elongation at break and have a sufficient for many applications in the field of vehicle and aircraft at least sufficient flame retardancy.
Insbesondere soll der Schaumstoff dabei in einem Anwendungsbereich von bis zu 120 °C, bevorzugt bis zu 150 °C Umgebungstemperatur auch über längere Zeiträume einsetzbar sein. In particular, the foam should be used in an application range of up to 120 ° C, preferably up to 150 ° C ambient temperature even over long periods.
Weiterhin soll der Schaumstoff aus der zu entwickelnden Zusammensetzung über verschiedenste Methoden und mit einer großen Brandbreite von Formen realisierbar sein. Furthermore, the foam should be realized from the composition to be developed by a variety of methods and with a wide range of shapes.
Weitere nicht explizite Aufgaben können sich aus der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen oder den Beispielen des vorliegenden Textes ergeben, ohne dazu an dieser Stelle explizit aufgeführt worden zu sein. Lösung Other non-explicit tasks may be apparent from the description, claims, or examples of this text, without being explicitly set forth at this point. solution
Gelöst werden die Aufgaben durch die Zurverfügungstellung einer neuartigen Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von temperaturbeständigen, schwer entflammbaren Schaumwerkstoffen. Diese erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von Schaumstoffen ist dadurch The tasks are solved by the provision of a novel composition for the production of temperature-resistant, flame-retardant foam materials. This composition according to the invention for producing foams is characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass sie 60 bis 98 Gew% einer Mischung aus PES und PPSU in einem Verhältnis zwischen 1 zu 9 und 9 zu 1 , bevorzugt zwischen 1 zu 1 und 8,5 zu 1 als Hauptbestandteil enthält. in that it contains 60 to 98% by weight of a mixture of PES and PPSU in a ratio of between 1: 9 and 9: 1, preferably between 1: 1 and 8.5: 1, as the main constituent.
Weiterhin weist diese Zusammensetzung 0,5 bis 10 Gew% eines Treibmittels auf. Darüber hinaus können unter anderem 0 bis 10 Gew% Additive und 0 bis 20 Gew% einer dritten Furthermore, this composition has 0.5 to 10% by weight of a blowing agent. In addition, among other things, 0 to 10% by weight of additives and 0 to 20% by weight of a third
Polymerkomponente enthalten sein. Be contained polymer component.
Besonders bevorzugt besteht die Zusammensetzung aus 90 bis 95 Gew% einer Mischung aus PES und PPSU in einem Verhältnis zwischen 1 zu 1 und 8 zu 1 , 1 bis 9 Gew% eines Treibmittels und 1 bis 5 Gew% Additiven. Bei den Additiven kann es sich insbesondere um Flammschutzadditive, Weichmacher, Pigmente, UV-Stabilisatoren, Nukleierungsmittel, Schlagzähmodifier, Haftvermittler, Rheologiemodifier, Kettenverlängerer, Fasern und/oder um Nanopartikel handeln. Particularly preferably, the composition consists of 90 to 95% by weight of a mixture of PES and PPSU in a ratio between 1 to 1 and 8 to 1, 1 to 9% by weight of a blowing agent and 1 to 5% by weight of additives. The additives may in particular be flame retardant additives, plasticizers, pigments, UV stabilizers, nucleating agents, impact modifiers, adhesion promoters, rheology modifiers, chain extenders, fibers and / or nanoparticles.
Als Flammschutzadditive kommen in der Regel Phosphor-Verbindungen, insbesondere Phosphate, Phosphine oder Phosphite zum Einsatz. Geeignete UV-Stabilisatoren bzw. UV-Absorber sind dem Fachmann im Allgemeinen bekannt. In der Regel verwendet man dazu HALS-Verbindungen, Tiuvine oder Triazole. Als Schlagzähmodifier werden in der Regel Polymerpartikel, aufweisend eine Elastomer- bzw. Weichphase verwendet. Dabei handelt es sich häufig um Kern-(Schale- )Schale-Partikel, mit einer Außenschale, die als solche maximal schwach vernetzt ist und als reines Polymer eine zumindest minimale Mischbarkeit mit dem Blend aus PES und PPSU aufweisen würde. Als Pigmente können grundsätzlich alle bekannten Pigmente eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere bei größeren Mengen sollte natürlich der Einfluss auf den Schäumungsvorgang - wie bei allen anderen in größeren Mengen von mehr als 0,1 Gew% eingesetzten Additiven - untersucht werden. Dies ist für den Fachmann mit relativ wenig Aufwand durchführbar. As flame retardant additives usually phosphorus compounds, in particular phosphates, phosphines or phosphites are used. Suitable UV stabilizers or UV absorbers are generally known to the person skilled in the art. As a rule, one uses HALS compounds, Tiuvine or triazoles. The impact modifiers used are generally polymer particles comprising an elastomer or soft phase. These are often core (shell) shell particles, with an outer shell that is as a maximum weakly crosslinked and as a pure polymer would have at least minimal miscibility with the blend of PES and PPSU. In principle, all known pigments can be used as pigments. Of course, especially with larger amounts, the influence on the foaming process - as with all other additives used in larger amounts of more than 0.1% by weight - should be investigated. This is feasible for the skilled person with relatively little effort.
Geeignete Weichmacher, Rheologiemodifier und Kettenverlängerer sind dem Fachmann im Allgemeinen aus der Herstellung von Folien, Membranen oder Formteilen aus PES, PPSU oder Blends aus diesen beiden bekannt und können entsprechend mit wenig Aufwand auf die Suitable plasticizers, rheology modifiers and chain extenders are generally known to the person skilled in the art from the production of films, membranes or molded parts from PES, PPSU or blends of these two and can accordingly be applied to the
Herstellung eines Schaums aus der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung übertragen werden. Bei den Fasern handelt es sich in der Regel um bekannte Fasermaterialien, die einer Preparation of a foam are transferred from the composition of the invention. The fibers are usually known fiber materials, the one
Polymerzusammensetzung zugegeben werden können. In einer besonders geeigneten Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei den Fasern um PES-, PPSU- oder um Blend- Fasern, letztere aus PES und PPSU. Polymer composition can be added. In a particularly suitable embodiment of the present invention, the fibers are PES, PPSU or blend fibers, the latter of PES and PPSU.
Die Nanopartikel, die beispielsweise als Röhrchen, Plättchen, Stab, Kugel oder in anderen bekannten Formen vorliegen können, handelt es sich in der Regel um anorganische Materialien. Diese können gleich verschiedene Funktionen in dem fertigen Schaum übernehmen. So wirken diese Partikel teilweise als Nukleierungsmittel beim Schäumen. Weiterhin können die Partikel die mechanischen Eigenschaften, wie auch die (Gas-)Diffusionseigenschaften des Schaums beeinflussen. Weiterhin tragen die Partikel zusätzlich zur Schwerentflammbarkeit bei. The nanoparticles, which can be present, for example, as tubes, flakes, rods, spheres or in other known forms, are generally inorganic materials. These can take on different functions in the finished foam. Thus, these particles partially act as nucleating agents during foaming. Furthermore, the particles can influence the mechanical properties as well as the (gas) diffusion properties of the foam. Furthermore, the particles additionally contribute to the low flammability.
Neben den aufgeführten Nanopartikel können auch Mikropartikel oder wenig mischbare, phasenseparierende Polymere als Nukleierungsmittel zugefügt sein. Dabei sind die beschriebenen Polymere in der Betrachtung der Zusammensetzung getrennt von den anderen In addition to the nanoparticles listed, microparticles or poorly miscible, phase-separating polymers can also be added as nucleating agents. The polymers described are separated from the others in the consideration of the composition
Nukleierungsmitteln zu sehen, da diese primär einen Einfluss auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Schaums, die Schmelzviskosität der Zusammensetzung und damit die Nucleating agents, as these primarily affect the mechanical properties of the foam, the melt viscosity of the composition and thus the
Schäumungsbedingungen nehmen. Die zusätzliche Wirkung eines phasenseparierenden Polymers als Nukleierungsmittel ist ein zusätzlicher gewünschter, in diesem Fall jedoch nicht primärer Effekt dieser Komponente. Aus diesem Grund werden diese zusätzlichen Polymere in der Gesamtbilanz weiter oben getrennt von den übrigen Additiven aufgeführt.  Take foaming conditions. The additional effect of a phase-segregating polymer as nucleating agent is an additional desired, but in this case not primary, effect of this component. For this reason, these additional polymers are listed above in the overall balance separately from the other additives.
Bei den zusätzlichen Polymeren kann es sich beispielsweise um Polyamide, Polyolefine, insbesondere PP, PEEK, Polyester, insbesondere PET, andere schwefelbasierte Polymere, wie zum Beispiel PSU, Polyetherimide oder Polymethacrylimid handeln. The additional polymers may be, for example, polyamides, polyolefins, in particular PP, PEEK, polyesters, in particular PET, other sulfur-based polymers, such as, for example, PSU, polyetherimides or polymethacrylimide.
Die Wahl der Treibmittel ist relativ frei und bestimmt sich für den Fachmann insbesondere durch die gewählte Schäumungsmethode und die Schäumtemperatur. Geeignet sind zum Beispiel Alkohol, wie z.B. Isopranol oder Butanol, Ketone, wie Aceton oder Methylethylketon, Alkane, wie iso- oder n-Butan, bzw. -Pentan, Hexan, Heptan oder Octan, Alkene, wie zum Beispiel Penten, Hexen, Hepten oder Octen, CO2, N2, Wasser, Ether, wie zum Beispiel Diethylether, Aldehyde, wie z.B. Formaldehyd oder Propanal, Fluor(chlor)kohlenwasserstoffe, chemische Treibmittel oder um Mischungen aus mehreren dieser Substanzen. The choice of blowing agent is relatively free and determined for the skilled person in particular by the chosen foaming method and the foaming temperature. Suitable are, for example, alcohol, such as isopranol or butanol, ketones, such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, alkanes, such as iso- or n-butane, pentane, hexane, heptane or octane, alkenes, such as pentene, hexene, heptene or octene, CO 2 , N 2 , water, ethers, such as diethyl ether, aldehydes such as formaldehyde or propanal, fluoro (chloro) hydrocarbons, chemical blowing agents or mixtures of several of these substances.
Bei den chemischen Treibmitteln handelt es sich um weniger oder nicht flüchtige Substanzen, die unter den Schäumungsbedingungen chemisch zersetzt werden und dabei das eigentliche Treibmittel bilden. Ein sehr einfaches Beispiel dafür stellt tert-Butanol dar, welches unter The chemical blowing agents are less or non-volatile substances that are chemically decomposed under the foaming conditions and thereby form the actual blowing agent. A very simple example of this is tert-butanol, which is under
Schäumungsbedingen Isobuten und Wasser bildet. Weitere Beispiele sind NaHC03, Zitronensäure bzw. deren Derivate, Azodicarbonamid (ADC), bzw. Verbindungen davon ausgehend, Foaming conditions isobutene and water forms. Further examples are NaHCO 3, citric acid or their derivatives, azodicarbonamide (ADC) or compounds thereof,
Toluolsulfonylhydrazin (TSH), Oxybis(benzosulfohydroazid) (OBSH) oder 5-Phenyl-tetrazol (5-PT). Bevorzugt werden als Treibmittel CO2, N2 oder Mischungen aus diesen beiden verwendet. Toluenesulfonylhydrazine (TSH), oxybis (benzosulfohydrozide) (OBSH) or 5-phenyltetrazole (5-PT). Are preferred as the blowing agent CO 2, N 2 or mixtures of these two uses.
Neben der Zusammensetzung sind natürlich auch Schaumstoffe, die aus den erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen hergestellt wurden, Bestandteil der vorliegenden Erfindung. Of course, in addition to the composition, foams prepared from the compositions of the invention are also part of the present invention.
Weiterhin ist auch ein Verfahren zum Schäumen der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzungen Bestandteil der vorliegenden Erfindung. Dabei wird die Zusammensetzung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 150 und 250 °C und einem Druck zwischen 0,1 und 2 bar aufgeschäumt. Bevorzugt erfolgt das Schäumen bei einer Temperatur zwischen 180 und 230 °C in einer Furthermore, a method for foaming the compositions of the invention is part of the present invention. The composition is foamed at a temperature between 150 and 250 ° C and a pressure between 0.1 and 2 bar. Preferably, the foaming takes place at a temperature between 180 and 230 ° C in a
Normaldruckatmosphäre. Normal pressure atmosphere.
Grundsätzlich sind dem Fachmann diverse Methoden zum Schäumen von Basically, those skilled in various methods for foaming
Polymerzusammensetzungen bekannt, die insbesondere in Bezug auf Methoden für Polymer compositions are known, in particular with respect to methods for
thermoplastische Schäume auf die vorliegende Zusammensetzung anwendbar sind. Es gibt jedoch einige besonders bevorzugte Alternativen. thermoplastic foams are applicable to the present composition. However, there are some particularly preferred alternatives.
In einer ersten bevorzugten Variante wird eine Zusammensetzung, noch ohne Triebmittel, in einem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur zwischen 20 und 120 °C und einem Druck zwischen 30 und 100 bar mit dem Treibmittel beaufschlagt und anschließend durch Senken des Drucks und Erhöhen der Temperatur auf die Schäumtemperatur im Autoklaven geschäumt. Alternativ wird die mit dem Treibmittel beaufschlagte Zusammensetzung im Autoklaven abgekühlt und nach dem Abkühlen entnommen. Diese Zusammensetzung kann dann durch Erhitzen auf die Schäumtemperatur später aufgeschäumt werden. Dies kann beispielsweise auch unter weiterer Formgebung oder in Verbindung mit anderen Elementen wie Inserts oder Deckschichten erfolgen. In a first preferred variant, a composition, still without leavening, in an autoclave at a temperature between 20 and 120 ° C and a pressure between 30 and 100 bar applied to the propellant and then by lowering the pressure and raising the temperature to the foaming temperature foamed in an autoclave. Alternatively, the composition charged with the blowing agent is cooled in an autoclave and removed after cooling. This composition can then be foamed later by heating to the foaming temperature. This can also be done, for example, with further shaping or in conjunction with other elements such as inserts or cover layers.
In einer zweiten Variante des Verfahrens wird die Zusammensetzung, beinhaltend das Treibmittel in einem Extruder erhitzt. In a second variant of the process, the composition containing the blowing agent is heated in an extruder.
In einer dritten Variante des Verfahrens wird die Zusammensetzung ohne Triebmittel in einem Extruder erhitzt und mit dem Treibmittel, bevorzugt mit CO2 und/oder N2 im Extruder beaufschlagt. In a third variant of the process, the composition is heated without leavening agent in an extruder and charged with the blowing agent, preferably with CO 2 and / or N 2 in the extruder.
Bei dem Auslassen der Zusammensetzung aus dem Extruder gemäß der zweiten oder dritten Variante gibt es in der Folge dann weitere Ausführungsformen. So kann die Zusammensetzung mittels einer Breitschlitzdüse oder einer anderen formgebenden Düse aus dem Extruder ausgelassen und dabei aufgeschäumt werden. Diese Variante kann beispielsweise mit einer direkt anschließenden Coextrusion oder Lamination derart kombiniert werden, dass direkt Deckschichten auf einer aus einer Breitschlitzdüse gebildeten Schaumplatte oder -folie aufgebracht werden. In einer zweiten Ausführungsform der zweiten oder dritten Variante wird die Zusammensetzung beim Austritt aus dem Extruder aufgeschäumt und dabei mittels eines Granulators ein In the omission of the composition from the extruder according to the second or third variant, there are then further embodiments in the sequence. Thus, the composition can be discharged from the extruder by means of a slot die or other shaping nozzle and thereby foamed. This variant can, for example, with a direct subsequent coextrusion or lamination can be combined in such a way that cover layers are applied directly to a foam sheet or foil formed from a slot die. In a second embodiment of the second or third variant, the composition is foamed on exiting the extruder and thereby by means of a granulator
Partikelschaum erzeugt. In der Regel ist der Granulator dabei so nah an der Austrittsstelle der Düse angebracht, dass die bereits abgetrennten Partikel direkt nach der Bildung schäumen. In einer dritten Ausführungsform der zweiten oder dritten Variante schließlich kann die Particle foam generated. As a rule, the granulator is mounted so close to the exit point of the nozzle that the already separated particles foam immediately after formation. Finally, in a third embodiment of the second or third variant, the
Zusammensetzung beim Austritt aus dem Extruder in eine Schaumspritzvorrichtung geleitet werden. In dieser Vorrichtung wird dann direkt unter Formgebung aufgeschäumt.  Composition are discharged at the exit from the extruder in a foam injection device. In this device is then foamed directly under shaping.
Eine vierte alternative Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusammensetzung beim Austritt aus einem Extruder in einen Unterwassergranulator geleitet wird, wobei in diesem eine derartige Kombination aus Temperatur und Druck vorliegt, dass ein Schäumen verhindert wird. Das dabei erhaltene, mit Treibmittel beladene Granulat kann dann später - zum Beispiel thermisch - geschäumt werden. Die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumstoffe, bzw. die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Schaumstoffe können vielfältig Verwendung finden. Bevorzugt werden die A fourth alternative embodiment is characterized in that the composition is discharged on exiting an extruder in an underwater granulator, wherein in this such a combination of temperature and pressure is present that foaming is prevented. The resulting, propellant loaded granules can then later - for example, thermally - foamed. The foams according to the invention or the foams produced by the process according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways. Preference is given to
Schaumstoffe dabei im Fahrzeugbau, wie z.B. in der Konstruktion von Straßen-, Schienen-, Wasser-, Raum- oder Luftfahrzeugen eingesetzt. Aufgrund der schweren Entflammbarkeit können die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumstoffe insbesondere auch im Innenraum dieser Fahrzeuge verbaut werden. Weitere Anwendungsbereiche sind beispielsweise in der Elektroindustrie, bei der Konstruktion von Windkraftanlagen oder im Maschinenbau zu finden. Foams in the vehicle, such. used in the construction of road, rail, water, space or aircraft. Due to the heavy flammability foams of the invention can be installed in particular in the interior of these vehicles. Further applications are found, for example, in the electrical industry, in the construction of wind turbines or in mechanical engineering.
Bevorzugt weisen die erfindungsgemäßen Schaumstoffe einen Schäumungsgrad auf, der eine Reduktion der Dichte gegenüber dem reinen Blend zwischen 1 und 98 %, bevorzugt zwischen 50 und 97 %, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70 und 95 % ausmacht. Bevorzugt hat der Schaum eine Dichte zwischen 20 und 1000 kg/m3, bevorzugt 40 und 250 kg/m3. The foams according to the invention preferably have a degree of foaming which constitutes a reduction of the density in relation to the pure blend of between 1 and 98%, preferably between 50 and 97%, particularly preferably between 70 and 95%. Preferably, the foam has a density between 20 and 1000 kg / m 3 , preferably 40 and 250 kg / m 3 .

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von Schaumstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Zusammensetzung 60 bis 98 Gew% einer Mischung aus PES und PPSU in einem Verhältnis zwischen 1 zu 9 und 9 zu 1 , 0,5 bis 10 Gew% eines Treibmittels, 0 bis 10 Gew% Additive und 0 bis 20 Gew% einer dritten Polymerkomponente enthält. Composition for producing foams, characterized in that said composition comprises 60 to 98% by weight of a mixture of PES and PPSU in a ratio between 1 to 9 and 9 to 1, 0.5 to 10% by weight of a blowing agent, 0 to 10 Wt% additives and 0 to 20 wt% of a third polymer component.
2. Zusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass PES und PPSU in einem Verhältnis zwischen 1 zu 1 und 8,5 zu 1 vorliegen. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that PES and PPSU are present in a ratio of between 1: 1 and 8.5: 1.
3. Zusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den Additiven um Flammschutzadditive, Weichmacher, Pigmente, UV-Stabilisatoren, Nukleierungsmittel, Schlagzähmodifier, Haftvermittler, Rheologiemodifier, 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additives are flame retardant additives, plasticizers, pigments, UV stabilizers, nucleating agents, impact modifiers, adhesion promoters, rheology modifiers,
Kettenverlängerer, Fasern und/oder um Nanopartikel handelt  Chain extenders, fibers and / or nanoparticles
4. Zusammensetzung gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch 4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den Treibmitteln um einen Alkohol, ein Keton, ein Alkan, ein Alken, CO2, N2, Wasser, einen Ether, ein Aldehyd, chemische Treibmittel oder um Mischungen aus mehreren dieser Substanzen handelt. in that the propellants are an alcohol, a ketone, an alkane, an alkene, CO 2 , N 2 , water, an ether, an aldehyde, chemical blowing agents or mixtures of several of these substances.
5. Zusammensetzung gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch 5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusammensetzung aus 90 bis 95 Gew% einer Mischung aus PES und PPSU in einem Verhältnis zwischen 1 zu 1 und 8 zu 1 , 1 bis 9 Gew% eines Treibmittels und 1 bis 5 Gew% Additiven besteht.  characterized in that the composition consists of 90 to 95% by weight of a mixture of PES and PPSU in a ratio between 1 to 1 and 8 to 1, 1 to 9% by weight of a blowing agent and 1 to 5% by weight of additives.
6. Schaumstoff, erhalten durch das Schäumen einer Zusammensetzung gemäß mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5. 6. A foam obtained by foaming a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Verfahren zum Schäumen einer Zusammensetzung gemäß mindestens einem der 7. A method of foaming a composition according to at least one of
Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusammensetzung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 150 und 250 °C und einem Druck zwischen 0,1 und 2 bar aufgeschäumt wird.  Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the composition is foamed at a temperature between 150 and 250 ° C and a pressure between 0.1 and 2 bar.
8. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusammensetzung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 180 und 230 °C in einer Normaldruckatmosphäre 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the composition at a temperature between 180 and 230 ° C in a normal pressure atmosphere
aufgeschäumt wird. is foamed.
9. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine 9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a
Zusammensetzung ohne Triebmittel in einem Autoklaven bei einer Temperatur zwischen 20 und 120 °C und einem Druck zwischen 30 und 100 bar mit dem Treibmittel  Composition without leavening in an autoclave at a temperature between 20 and 120 ° C and a pressure between 30 and 100 bar with the propellant
beaufschlagt und anschließend durch Senken des Drucks und Erhöhen der Temperatur auf die Schäumtemperatur im Autoklaven oder nach einem Abkühlen im Autoklaven und der Entnahme aus diesem durch Erhitzen auf die Schäumtemperatur aufgeschäumt wird.  is then pressurized and then foamed by lowering the pressure and raising the temperature to the foaming temperature in the autoclave or after cooling in the autoclave and the removal of this by heating to the foaming temperature.
10. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the
Zusammensetzung in einem Extruder erhitzt wird.  Composition is heated in an extruder.
11. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the
Zusammensetzung ohne Triebmittel in einem Extruder erhitzt und mit dem Treibmittel beaufschlagt wird.  Heated without composition in an extruder and charged with the blowing agent.
12. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10 oder 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the
Zusammensetzung mittels einer Breitschlitzdüse oder einer anderen formgebenden Düse aus dem Extruder tritt und dabei aufschäumt.  Composition occurs by means of a slot die or other shaping nozzle from the extruder and thereby foams.
13. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10 oder 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 13. The method according to claim 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the
Zusammensetzung beim Austritt aus dem Extruder in einen Unterwassergranulator geleitet wird, wobei in diesem eine derartige Kombination aus Temperatur und Druck vorliegt, dass ein Schäumen verhindert wird, und dass man ein mit Treibmittel beladenes Granulat erhält, welches später geschäumt wird.  Composition is discharged at the exit from the extruder in an underwater granulator, wherein in this such a combination of temperature and pressure is present that foaming is prevented, and that receives a propellant loaded granules, which is foamed later.
14. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 10 oder 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 14. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the
Zusammensetzung aus dem Extruder in eine Schaumspritzvorrichtung geleitet wird und dort unter Formgebung aufschäumt.  Composition is passed from the extruder in a foam injection device and foams there under shaping.
EP18800980.7A 2017-11-27 2018-11-20 Pes-ppsu blends as basis for foams Withdrawn EP3717549A1 (en)

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PCT/EP2018/081841 WO2019101704A1 (en) 2017-11-27 2018-11-20 Pes-ppsu blends as basis for foams

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BR (1) BR112020010383A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3083406A1 (en)
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TW (1) TW201925347A (en)
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EP3889212A1 (en) * 2020-04-03 2021-10-06 Evonik Operations GmbH Pei or pei-peek- particle foams for lightweight applications
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TW201925347A (en) 2019-07-01
MA49868A1 (en) 2020-12-31
IL274858A (en) 2020-07-30
ZA202003828B (en) 2022-06-29
KR20200087778A (en) 2020-07-21
WO2019101704A1 (en) 2019-05-31
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US20200407558A1 (en) 2020-12-31
JP7055205B2 (en) 2022-04-15

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