EP3714128B1 - Sensoreinheit zur überwachung eines rohres - Google Patents
Sensoreinheit zur überwachung eines rohres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3714128B1 EP3714128B1 EP18811908.5A EP18811908A EP3714128B1 EP 3714128 B1 EP3714128 B1 EP 3714128B1 EP 18811908 A EP18811908 A EP 18811908A EP 3714128 B1 EP3714128 B1 EP 3714128B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- latch
- sensor
- fingerboard
- tubular
- sensor unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
- E21B19/165—Control or monitoring arrangements therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/14—Racks, ramps, troughs or bins, for holding the lengths of rod singly or connected; Handling between storage place and borehole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
- E21B47/017—Protecting measuring instruments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor unit for monitoring a tubular adjacent a fingerboard latch assembly.
- Fingerboards are used to store tubulars, for example stands of drill pipes, drill collars, tools, bottom hole assemblies (BHA) and casings, used in the oil and gas industry, for example adjacent or inside a drilling derrick on an oil or gas rig.
- An array of horizontally extending fingerboards are provided between which the tubulars are vertically stacked. Latches are used to secure tubulars between the fingerboards.
- the latches are provided as part of fingerboard latch assemblies mounted to the fingerboards.
- Drill pipe is assembled into stands which are stored in 'slots' formed by closed latches in the fingerboard and bellyboard.
- a fingerboard latch assembly typically comprises: a latch bracket and a latch rotatably supported on the latch bracket. Latches close to retain tubular in slots.
- Tubulars are secured using latches, and it is occasionally necessary to confirm that tubular is present in a slot, or that the slot is empty, for example before opening a latch. If a latch is erroneously opened and a tubular, such as a drill pipe, is present then it may fall out of the fingerboard with catastrophic consequences and even fatalities. This need to confirm the presence, or absence, of tubular in the fingerboard is sometimes referred to as the 'ghost pipe' problem. In a fingerboard filled with stands of pipe, for example, it can be difficult to discern whether or not pipe is present in a slot. Occasionally a latch is opened in error and pipe falls to the deck with devastating consequences.
- the device of the invention may be mounted on the bails or linkage mechanism of a top drive to confirm the position and condition of the bails and elevator and to avoid dropped pipe or clashes with other equipment inside the derrick.
- US-2016/0076920 discloses a sensor unit mounted on a latch bracket of a fingerboard latch fingerboard, on which a latch is rotatably mounted.
- the sensor unit has sensors which sense proximity of parts of the latch to detect the rotational position of the latch on the bracket.
- a fingerboard latch comprising: a latch bracket for mounting on a fingerboard; a latch rotatably supported on the latch bracket; and a sensor unit mounted on the latch for monitoring a tubular adjacent the fingerboard latch assembly when the latch is mounted on the fingerboard, wherein the sensor unit comprises: a sensor configured to sense the adjacent tubular; a processor arranged to receive the output of the sensor and to generate a signal representing the presence or absence of an adjacent tubular, and/or representing the position of an adjacent tubular; and a wireless communication unit arranged to wirelessly communicate the tubular monitor signal.
- the sensor unit senses an adjacent tubular and outputs a tubular monitor signal representing the presence or absence of an adjacent tubular, and/or representing the position of an adjacent tubular.
- the tubular monitor signal may used as an input to a handling system that handles the tubular or a control system controls the operation of associated fingerboard latches, for example the fingerboard latch assembly to which the tubular is adjacent and fingerboard latch assemblies which secure the same tubular or are in the same array of fingerboards.
- the sensor unit may be used to track a tubular as it closes on a fingerboard latch and its output used in feedback to decelerate the motion of the piperacker moving the tubular.
- the sensor unit could be used to interlock the latches or guide-head claws to ensure that pipe is not released until the latch is down and it is secure.
- the sensor unit comprises a wireless communication unit, for example a radio communication unit, arranged to wirelessly communicate the signal.
- a wireless communication unit for example a radio communication unit, arranged to wirelessly communicate the signal.
- the sensor unit mounted on the latch allows the use of a sensor that is simpler and has lower power consumption than a sensor mounted on the latch bracket to indirectly sense the tubular.
- the sensor is capable of being run for extended periods of time from a remote power source such as a battery.
- the sensor may implement any suitable sensing technology, for example one of ultrasonic, acoustic, electromagnetic, magnetic, radio-frequency, microwave, ultra-wideband, optical, infrared, imaging or inductive sensing.
- the sensor may include two electromagnetic probes, for example coils, that are spaced apart. This improves the sensing capability by allowing the sensor to detect the position of the tubular relative to the two electromagnetic probes.
- the output of the sensor may be a differential signal taken between the two electromagnetic probes.
- the use of two probes maybe used to determine which side of the latch the tubular is present, and confirm tubular is present in the slot as the latch is closed or before it is opened.
- the sensor unit may detect a tubular adjacent to the latch on either side.
- the sensor unit may include a fitment that fits within an aperture in the latch.
- the sensor unit may further comprise a retaining member configured to engage with the fitment and retain the sensor unit in the aperture.
- the sensor unit may be encapsulated within the latch.
- the latch may be made from a material that is transparent to sensor technology of the sensor.
- the sensor unit may have a housing that houses electronic components of the sensor unit.
- the housing may encapsulate the electronic components.
- the material of the housing may be a plastic that is resistant to drilling fluids, brine, cement, sunlight, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, grease, pipe dope, iron filings and other debris.
- the sensor unit may incorporate shock adsorbing material or features to reduce shock to the electronic components. This may preserve components from fatigue failure as a results of repeated cycling at high shock on the latch arm or latch assembly.
- the sensor unit may comprise a near-field communication (NFC) unit arranged to perform near-field communication, thereby allowing it to be used for NFC.
- NFC near-field communication
- the NFC functionality may be used for a variety of functions providing communication with the sensor unit even though it is a completely sealed device without any external contact or switch.
- the sensor unit includes an electromagnetic probe that is a coil that inductively senses the tubular
- this coil may be arranged to have a second function as an antenna for the NFC unit or for RF communications with a adjacent sensor unit.
- the one or more sensor coil or coils may incorporate coils for sensing tubular and NFC devices, or both.
- the coils may be mounted concentrically or adjacent to each other on a printed circuit board or flexible printed circuit board.
- the sensor unit may further comprise an orientation sensor arranged to sense the orientation of the latch, the processor being arranged to derive a latch orientation signal representing the orientation of the latch from measurements from the orientation sensor.
- a wireless communication unit may be arranged to wirelessly communicate the tubular monitor signal and the latch orientation signal.
- Fig. 1 shows the construction of a standard array of fingerboards 1 with plural fingerboard latch assemblies 2 mounted in an along each fingerboard 1.
- Each fingerboard latch assembly 2 comprises a latch bracket 3 and a latch 5 rotatably mounted on the latch bracket 3.
- Figs. 2 to 5 illustrate a specific fingerboard latch assembly 2 that will now be described.
- This fingerboard latch assembly 2 has a latch 5 configured to retain a drill pipe or casing.
- the configuration of the latch 5 may be varied depending on the type of tubular with which the fingerboard latch assembly 2 is intended to be used.
- the latches 5 shown in Fig. 1 have a different configuration.
- the fingerboard latch assembly 2 may be used to retain a tubular of any type, for example a drill pipe, drill collar or casing.
- the remainder of the fingerboard latch assembly 2 may have generally the same arrangement, as described below, for any configuration of the latch 5, including that shown in Fig. 1 .
- the fingerboard latch assembly 2 comprises a latch bracket 3 that comprises a latch bracket head 3a and an elongated body 3b extending downwardly from the bracket head 3a.
- the fingerboard latch assembly 2 is mounted to a fingerboard 1 using bolts 4 attached through bolt apertures 3c in the latch bracket 3.
- the fingerboard latch assembly 2 also comprises a pneumatic cylinder 6 secured to the latch bracket 3.
- the fingerboard latch assembly 2 further comprises a bracket pin 7 connecting the latch 5 and bracket head 3a.
- the bracket pin 7 provides a pivot point allowing rotation of the latch 5 between an open and closed position (orientation). In Figs. 1 to 5 , the latch 5 is in the closed position in which the latch 5 extends horizontally. In the open position, the latch 5 extends vertically.
- the latch 5 comprises an arm 5a that, in the closed position of the latch 5, extends forwardly from the bracket pin 7 for restraining a tubular. In the open position of the latch 5, the arm 5a of the latch 5 extends upwards from the bracket pin 7, allowing removal of a tubular.
- the arm 5a of the latch 5 is a movable metal member that creates a void between the fingerboard latch assemblies 2 and between the fingerboards 1 for a tubular to be secured.
- the latch 5 has apertures 33 formed in the arm 5a.
- the latch 5 also comprises a crank portion 5b that extends rearwardly from the bracket pin 7.
- the latch bracket head 3a has an aperture 9 to provide clearance between the latch bracket 3 and the crank portion 5b, as the latch 5 rotates.
- the pneumatic cylinder 6 comprises a piston head 10 which is connected to the crank portion 5b by way of a latch/cylinder pin 11.
- a split pin 12 prevents the latch/cylinder pin 11 from falling out of the piston head 10, and a washer 13 provides a wear barrier between the split pin 12 and piston head 10.
- the pneumatic cylinder 6 drives rotation of the latch 5 between the open and closed positions.
- the pneumatic cylinder 6 drives the piston head 10 downwardly.
- Figs. 6 to 9 illustrate a sensor unit 14 that comprises a housing 15 that houses electronic components including a power source 19, one or more sensors 18 for detecting an adjacent tubular 20, a module 16, which includes a processor 50 and a wireless communication unit 51, an NFC unit 52, an antenna 53, an orientation sensor 54 and a location device 55, all mounted on a printed circuit board 56.
- the sensor unit 14 may be mounted on the latch.
- an inexpensive sensor unit 14 that is capable of being run from a standalone power source may be provided.
- the sensor unit 14 is mounted on the latch 5 of a fingerboard latch assembly 2.
- the sensor unit 14 may be provided integrally with the latch assembly 5 during manufacture or may be configured to be attached to a pre-existing latch 5.
- the sensor unit 14 is configured to fit within an aperture 33 within the latch arm 5a of the latch 5, as shown in Figs. 10 and 11 .
- the sensor unit 14 includes a fitment 34 that fits within the aperture 33.
- the sensor unit 14 further includes a retaining member 32 which is configured to engage with the fitment 34.
- the retaining member 35 is provided on the opposite end of the aperture 33 to the housing 15 and engaged with the fitment to secure the sensor unit 14 to the latch 5.
- the retaining member 35 has an internal thread configured to screw into an external thread on the fitment 33.
- the retaining member 35 may be secured to the fitment 33 by any suitable means, for example a friction fit or a screw fit.
- the sensor unit 14 is mounted to the latch 5 by the housing being provided with a screw portion configured to be screwed into a thread inside the aperture 33 of the latch 5.
- a compact and easy to install sensor assembly may be provided.
- sensor units 14 may be mounted on the latches 5 of all the fingerboard latch assemblies 2 on an array of fingerboards 1, for use in monitoring tubulars 20 stored therein, during handling of the tubulars 20 as they are loaded or removed.
- the sensor unit 14 is encapsulated within the latch 5 as shown in Fig. 13 .
- the latch arm 5a of the latch 5 has a recess 35 which in this example opens at the outer end of the latch arm 5a.
- the sensor unit 14 omits the fitment 34 and is inserted into the recess 35, as shown in Fig. 14 .
- the inner surface of the recess and the outer surface of the sensor unit 14 may have mating screw threads, so that the sensor unit 14 can be replaced, for example when the battery is depleted or maintenance is required.
- the sensor unit 14 is sealed within the recess 35 by a body 36 within the end of the recess35.
- the body 36 may be material which acts as a sealant, for example, a potting compound, glue or epoxy.
- the body 36 may be a lid, which may take any suitable form, for example a resilient member, threaded part, or screw.
- the latch 5 is made from a material that is transparent to sensor technology of the sensor 18, for example a non-metallic material.
- the sensor unit 14 may optionally further comprise a backup retention device that is configured to attach the sensor unit 14 to a component of the fingerboards 1 or fingerboard latch assembly 2.
- the backup retention device may comprise a strand of wire or rope attached to both the latch 5 and the sensor unit 14.
- the sensor 18 will now be considered.
- the sensor 18 senses an adjacent tubular, for example as shown in Fig. 11 .
- the senor 18 positioned on the side of the sensor unit 14, so that it is positioned facing the side of the latch 5 when the sensor unit 14 is mounted thereon. This facilitates the sensing operation, although other locations could be used for some types of sensing technology.
- the sensor 18 may be use any suitable position or proximity sensing technology such as ultrasonic, acoustic, electromagnetic (including magnetic, capacitive or inductive), magnetic, radio-frequency, microwave, ultra-wideband, optical (including laser), infrared, imaging or inductive sensing.
- the sensor technology used in the sensor 18 is selected for its shock and vibration resistance and may include means for damping shock, and filtering vibrations of various frequencies.
- the sensing technology is electromagnetic
- the sensor 18 may include an electromagnetic probe 17, which may be for example a coil or a capacitive element.
- sensors that use an electromagnetic sensing technology and which may be applied here are disclosed in WO-2018/007804 , US-2016/187275 , EP-3,009594 , US-2014/091785 , EP-2338032 , and WO-2007/099282 .
- the sensor 18 may preferably use a low cost, low power position sensor technology such as an inductive sensor, eddy current sensor.
- RF ID, NFC or microwave sensor which may be for example configured as a position and orientation sensor.
- the sensor 18 may be based on inertial-ultrasonic hybrid tracking technology (e.g. Thales IS-900 system).
- the senor 18 may include two electromagnetic probes which are spaced apart, for example as shown in 14, wherein the probes are spaced apart along a sideways axis A.
- the output of the sensor 18 may include a differential signal taken between the two electromagnetic probes 17.
- the two probes 17 will provide signals of different levels, in accordance with their different distances from the adjacent tubular 20, and so differential signal will allow detection of the side of the sensor unit 14 on which the tubular 20 is present.
- a common signal may be output together with the differential signal to indicate the presence of the tubular 20 nearby.
- plural sensors 18 may be provided.
- the output of the sensors 18 represents the position of the tubular 20 with respect to the latch 5.
- the output may represent this in any number of ways, depending on the nature of the sensor 18.
- the sensors 18 may be in an on or off state corresponding to two different positions of the adjacent tubular 20, e.g. present or absent in a slot, and when the latch 5 is closed.
- the output signals may convey more information.
- the sensors 18 signals may identify the position of a distant tubular 20 being moved by a piperacker into a slot.
- the output of the sensors 18 may be a change with the speed or closing rate of tubular 20 to identify the position of the tubular 20.
- a sensor 18 may identify that the tubular 20 is secured in an adjacent slot, while latch 5 is closed, or output from a sensor 18 source may indicate that the slot is open and no tubular is present.
- the sensor 18 may also be configured to inductively sense the presence or absence of a proximate object.
- the sensor 18 may be used to communicate with or identify the tubular by means of RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) and/or NFC, for example to log each tubular as it is added to the fingerboard 1 or passes the fingerboard latch assembly 2 on which the sensor unit 14 is mounted.
- RFID Radio-Frequency Identification
- NFC Network-Frequency Identification
- the processor 50 receives the output of the sensor 18 and uses it to generate a tubular monitor signal which may represent the presence or absence of an adjacent tubular 20 or may represent the position of an adjacent tubular.
- the tubular signal may simply represent the output of the sensor 18, or alternatively processor may process the output of the sensor 18 to derive additional parameters that are also represented by the tubular signal. For example, if the output of the sensor 18 represents the position of the tubular 20, the processor may derive the speed of movement of the tubular 20 and include that in the tubular monitor signal.
- the signal could monitor aspects of condition or failure prediction such vibration, sway, shock, acceleration or, using RFID or barcodes or another unique identifier, identify tubular in the slot.
- the tubular monitor signal generated by the processor 50 is supplied to the wireless communication unit 51 which wirelessly communicates it.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may provide any type of wireless communication, including for example acoustic, microwave, ultrasonic or optical communication, but is typically a radio communication unit arranged to transmit signals using radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves.
- RF radio frequency
- a radio frequency may be selected that has a wavelength that does not suffer from attenuation or reflections from drilling pipe and tubulars secured in the fingerboards 1.
- a radio frequency may be selected that has a wavelength that is less than the minimum spacing between plural fingerboard latch assemblies 2 mounted on a fingerboard 1 and hence less than a minimum spacing between tubulars stored therein.
- the frequency selected should not interfere with marine communications equipment.
- the frequency selected may be between 2 and 3 GHz.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may be unidirectional and merely transmit information from the sensor unit 30, or may be bidirectional and transmit and receive information.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may implement any suitable transmission protocol.
- the wireless communication unit 51 provides instant indication of tubular security, which may be monitored by a person or remotely monitored via a screen such as HMI. Signal processing may be used to provide automated monitoring so as to interlock items of automation equipment such as a piperacker.
- the sensor unit 14 may also incorporate sensors to measure position of the latch 5.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may communicate using the antenna 53. Alternatively, the wireless communication unit 51 may communicate using a probe 17 of the sensor unit 18 in the case that the probe 17 is a coil.
- a network of wireless gateways transceivers is provided to communicate with the sensor unit 14, and with each other, to relay signals for processing and display of the tubular monitor signal to an operator.
- These gateways may be located around the fingerboards 5, optionally at valve cabinets, to maximise reception and signal coverage.
- these gateways may be located at four locations, east, west, north and south of the fingerboard.
- a further transceiver is mounted at, or near, the drillers' cabin and/or the Local Equipment Room (LER).
- the transceiver wireless gateway at the drillers' cabin and/or LER is the central transceiver which receives signals from the sensor units 14 and the network wireless gateway transceivers around the fingerboard 5.
- a more reliable solution may be provided that clearly indicates when the tubular is safely secured.
- the goal is to confirm the location of a tubular 20 to prevent latch 5 opening while a tubular 20 is present in an adjacent slot.
- the tubular monitor signal may be used as an input to a handling system that handles the tubular or a control system controls the operation of associated fingerboard latch assemblies, for example the fingerboard latch assembly to which the tubular is adjacent and fingerboard latch assemblies which secure the same tubular or are in the same array of fingerboards.
- the sensor unit may be used to track a tubular as it closes on a fingerboard latch and its output used in feedback to decelerate the motion of the piperacker moving the tubular.
- the sensor unit could be used to interlock the latches or guide-head claws to ensure that pipe is not released until the latch is down and it is secure.
- the sensor unit 14 includes an NFC unit 52 that are configured to communicate wirelessly with proximate devices using near field communication.
- the NFC unit 52 may communicate using the antenna 53 or a separate coil provided in the sensor device 14.
- the wireless communication unit 51 may communicate using a probe 17 of the sensor unit 18 in the case that the probe 17 is a coil.
- the NFC unit 52 may be used to communicate with an external device during installation or maintenance of the sensor unit 14, for example to interrogate or update software processed on the sensor unit 14 when completely sealed inside the housing 15, or deactivate the unit placing it in a low power or 'off' state prior to shipping or storage without the need for physical switches or external contacts.
- the NFC functionality may be used to switch on, or off, the sensor unit 14, which is a completely sealed device, without any external contact or switch.
- the NFC unit 52 may be used to put the sensor unit 14 in a dormant or low power state prior to shipping, and to 'wake' up the device via NFC on arrival or when installed and put into operation.
- the NFC unit 52 may be used to update the device firmware and software, or to interrogate the device during debugging. In these ways power may be saved during manufacture, assembly, transportation and storage, ready for reactivating on installation.
- the power source 19 may be any type of standalone power source that is capable of providing power to the sensor unit 14.
- the power source 19 may comprise a battery, solar cell and/or capacitor.
- the power source 19 may optionally comprise an energy harvesting device that is configured to harvest energy from the fingerboards 1 or fingerboard latch assembly 2.
- the power source 19 may be configured to harvest energy from the motion, shock or vibration of the latch 5.
- the power source 19 may be provided integral with the sensor assembly 14, or removably attached to the sensor assembly 14. A sensor assembly that is easily maintained, and intrinsically safe, may thus be provided.
- the power source 19 may be a battery with long life characteristics.
- the battery is ideally compact in format and can fit within the sensor unit 14. To avoid frequent replacement of the sensor unit 14, the battery ideally will have sufficient capacity to power the sensor unit 14 for tens of thousands of latch cycles over several years (e.g. 25,000 latch cycles and five years).
- the battery utilised may be a Lithium Thionyl Chloride battery that has been selected and configured to last the lifetime of the equipment.
- the orientation sensor 54 senses the orientation of the latch 5.
- the processor 50 receives the output of the orientation sensor 54 and derives a latch orientation signal representing the orientation of the latch.
- the wireless communication unit 51 wirelessly communicate the latch orientation signal together with the tubular monitor signal.
- the latch orientation signal may also be used as an input to a handling system that handles the tubular or a control system controls the operation of associated fingerboard latch assemblies 2.
- the orientation sensor 54 may take the form disclosed in WO-2018/087511 ( PCT/GB2017/052494 ) and WO-2018/007804 ( PCT/GB2017/051972 ).
- the orientation sensor 54 takes measurements that are dependent on the orientation of the sensor unit 14.
- the orientation sensor 54 may be any type of sensor suitable for detecting the orientation of the latch 5.
- the orientation sensor 54 may preferably be a low power sensor such as a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensor, which may be for example configured as an inclinometer, accelerometer or gyroscope.
- MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
- orientation sensor 54 examples include: tilt ball sensor; infrared; laser; acoustic; capacitive; magnetic, inductive, electro-magnetic, antenna polarisation or Hall-effect sensors.
- the orientation sensor 54 may be of a type that is relatively simple and of low power compared to a sensor mounted on the latch bracket that indirectly senses the latch 5.
- the processor 50 is supplied with output signal representing the measurements from the orientation sensor 54 and processes them.
- the processor 50 derives, from the measurements, an orientation signal representing the orientation of the latch 5 with respect to the latch bracket 3. In general terms, this is possible because the sensor unit 14 is mounted in the latch 5 and so the orientation of the sensor unit 14 is indicative of the orientation of the latch 5.
- the orientation signal may represent the value of the present orientation of the latch 5 across its range of movement with respect to the latch bracket 3.
- the value of the present orientation may be derived from the measurements from the orientation sensor 54 using a simple geometrical calculation.
- the orientation signal may simply represent that the present orientation of the latch is an open state, a closed state, or an intermediate state.
- the open state and the closed state may be taken to correspond to the latch 5 being within a predetermined range of angles, for example 6 degrees, of the open position and the closed position, respectively.
- the open and closed position may be derived by applying a suitable threshold condition on the successive measurements from the orientation sensor 54.
- an orientation signal that represents the value of the orientation of the latch 5 may or may not be explicitly derived, but the threshold condition is related to the measurements from the orientation sensor 54 on the basis of similar geometrical calculation.
- the location device 55 is a device that detects the location of the sensor unit 14 on the fingerboard 1.
- the location device 55 may use any suitable location technology.
- the location device 55 may be a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) location device or an ultrawideband radio frequency location device that is based on RF triangulation technology.
- GPS Global Positioning Satellite
- the location device 55 may be used to confirm and track location of the sensor unit 14 in the derrick and on the fingerboard 1.
- the sensor unit 14 may incorporate RFID to record unit ID without reading labelling or barcodes.
- the processor 50 may include metadata in the tubular monitor signal. Such metadata may be data which is logged electronically by the sensor units 14 monitoring the tubulars 20 throughout the fingerboard 1.
- the metadata may include any of: sensor ID, latch ID, date, time, number of tubulars detected, sensor face detecting tubular, number of latch cycles, count of latch open, count of latch closed, sensor signal level, sensor battery power, self-diagnostic information, shock, vibration, position, angle, speed, acceleration, logged RFID information.
- the metadata may also include the location of the sensor unit detected by the location device 55.
- Such metadata may be logged and analysed to identify latches that are not performing to specification, or may be in need of maintenance or replacement. These data may be analysed for condition-based monitoring the latches to minimise downtime and, by planning maintenance based on likelihood of latch failure, maximise fingerboard availability and operational efficiency.
- the data logs and meta-data may be presented to manufacturers, suppliers, customers or regulators to validate equipment warranty, indicate safety performance and to demonstrate compliance with best practice and compliance with regulations.
- the housing 15 encapsulates the electronic components.
- the sensor 14 may be encapsulated inside the housing using an epoxy or elastomer or suitable potting compound.
- the housing 15 is made from a material that is transparent to the sensor technology used by the sensor 18.
- the material of the housing 15 is selected to be resistant to drilling fluids, brine, salt-spray, cement, sunlight, UV radiation, grease, pipe dope, iron filings and other debris.
- the material is selected to withstand shock, vibration, temperature extremes, ice, direct sunlight, UV degradation and washing with a high-pressure jet of water at over 200 Psi.
- Suitable materials for the housing include composite, carbon-fibre, glass-reinforced fibre, plastic, polymer, thermoplastic, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), PEAK, PEEK reinforced with carbon fibre and other engineering thermoplastics and composites or elastomers, for example a rubber.
- the material may be PEEK which is a plastic which is chemically inert.
- grades of PEEK that include carbon such as TECAPEEK black, and TECAPEEK CF30 black (manufactured by Ensinger, UK) and that use Victrex PEEK 450G as the base component. These grades of PEEK may be welded to seal the device and provide IP67 or IP68 water-proofing as well as certification to IECEx and ATEX standards for use in flammable atmospheres.
- the sensor unit 14 may also incorporate non-metallic lining materials to provide additional friction, integrity and sealing to keep out oils and debris. These may be incorporate 'o' rings that provide compression to accommodate latch tolerances for the dimensions of the latch arm which can be broad.
- the non-metallic materials may be of a type known to be suitable for use as a lining of a in oil and gas applications. Suitable materials for the non-metallic lining can include, without limitation: polyisoprene, styrene butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, polychloroprene rubber, chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber, 'Viton' or nitrile butadiene rubber. The material may also be a mixture of these and/or other materials.
- the sensor unit 14 incorporates shock adsorbing material or features inside housing 15a to absorb shock and reduce the shock to the electronic components. This may preserve components. from fatigue failure as a result of repeated cycling at high shock on the latch arm or latch assembly.
- the shock adsorbing material may be fabricated to have an aspect ratio that allows the electronic components to move by at least 1 mm in any direction.
- the shock adsorbing material or features may reduce the shock transmitted from the latch assembly 2 to the components 16 from over 1,000g to 700g or less.
- the shock adsorbing material or features may be arranged to reduce shock to the electronic components to less than 400g.
- shock levels in the region of 2000g can be experienced by the latch and thus the electronic components must be protected from this.
- electronic components are capable of withstanding a limited number of large shock loads however fatigue failures generated by continuous cycling of high shock levels can dramatically reduce the ability of electronic components to withstand shock.
- Electronic component manufactures often provide published data regarding single incident shock survival figures but do not provide data relating to repeated shock loading and thus it is essential that these survival levels are established and the shock absorbing solution dampens the shock levels to an acceptable point.
- the shock adsorbing material or features have a low percentage compression set, for example a compression set of less than 30% ideally less that 15%, in order to provide long term, consistent shock absorption.
- Fig. 16 shows an example of the sensor unit 14 where shock adsorbing material 60 is provided inside the housing 15, including a first part 61 between the board 16 and the housing 15a, a second part between the module 16 and the power source 19, and a third part 63 between the sensor 18 and the housing 15.
- Such shock adsorbing material may be a suitable damping material that decelerates mass such as a foam.
- the foam may be either an open or closed cell material. Foams with small controlled voids such as microcellular foams allow for controlled cushioning. Suitable materials include but are not limited to Urethanes, such as Poron, or Silicones, such as NORSEAL.
- the material may be fabricated with dimensions that provide sufficient deflection and damping or deflection to adsorb shock to the technology or circuit board 16. This can be achieved by adjusting the volume of the shock absorbing material in terms of both surface area in order to alter the rate of compression vs applied load and the thickness in order to alter the available deflection. Both factors dramatically effect the level of shock absorption provided.
- Fig. 17 shows an example of the sensor unit 14 where shock adsorbing features in the form of springs 65 (which could be replaced by other types of resilient element such as a piece of resilient material or a flexure) between the module 16 and the housing 15 such that relative movement is permitted and is dampened by the sprung member.
- shock adsorbing features in the form of springs 65 which could be replaced by other types of resilient element such as a piece of resilient material or a flexure
- a feature could take the form of a component that is permitted to flex within its elastic limits. This could be achieved by providing components manufactured with a lattice or honeycomb structure to provide distortion. Such a feature would need to be designed such that it provides a suitable stiffness in order to alter the rate of compression vs applied load and level of distortion in order to alter the available deflection.
- any shock absorbing system must also be considered in terms of resonance as a resonating system is likely to generate fatigue failure of various electronic components.
- the sensor unit described above may alternatively be used to monitor a piece of drilling equipment rather than the tubular, for example tongs on roughnecks, guide head claws used to secure tubulars around the derrick and to monitor their position and condition to demonstrate the tubular is secure, and slips used to secure pipe which may become misaligned while drilling.
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
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Claims (15)
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2), umfassend:eine Verriegelungshalterung (3) zum Montieren auf einem Fingerboard (1);eine Verriegelung (5), die drehbar auf der Verriegelungshalterung (3) gelagert ist;und gekennzeichnet durcheine Sensoreinheit (14), die auf der Verriegelung (5) montiert ist, zum Überwachen einer mit der Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) benachbarten Röhre (20), wenn die Verriegelungshalterung (3) auf dem Fingerboard (1) montiert ist, wobei die Sensoreinheit (14) Folgendes umfasst:einen Sensor (18), der konfiguriert ist, eine benachbarte Röhre (20) zu erfassen;einen Prozessor (50), der angeordnet ist, um die Ausgabe des Sensors (18) zu empfangen und um ein Röhren(20)-Überwachungssignal, das die Anwesenheit oder Abwesenheit darstellt und/oder das die Position der benachbarten Röhre (20) darstellt, zu erzeugen, undeine drahtlose Kommunikationseinheit (51), die angeordnet ist, um drahtlos mit dem Röhren-Überwachungssignal zu kommunizieren.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die drahtlose Kommunikationseinheit (51) eine Funkkommunikationseinheit umfasst.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sensor (18) konfiguriert ist, die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit und - richtung einer benachbarten Röhre (20) zu erfassen.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sensor (18) eines aus Ultraschall-, akustischem, elektromagnetischem, magnetischem, Funkfrequenz-, Mikrowellen-, Ultrabreitband-, optischem, Infrarot-, Bildgebungs- oder induktivem Erfassen implementiert.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sensor angepasst ist, um eine benachbarte Röhre (20) auf beiden Seiten der Verriegelung (5) zu erkennen.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Sensoreinheit (14) ein Passstück (34) umfasst, das in eine Öffnung (33) in der Verriegelung (5) passt.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Sensoreinheit (14) ferner ein Halteelement (32) umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, mit dem Passstück (34) in Eingriff zu sein und die Sensoreinheit (14) in der Öffnung (33) zu halten.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Sensoreinheit (14) in der Verriegelung (5) eingekapselt ist.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Verriegelung (5) aus einem Material hergestellt ist, das für die Sensortechnik des Sensors (18) transparent ist.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend ein Gehäuse (15), das elektronische Komponenten der Sensoreinheit (14) unterbringt.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend eine Nahfeldkommunikationseinheit (52), die angeordnet ist, um Nahfeldkommunikation durchzuführen.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Sensor (18) eine elektromagnetische Sonde (17) umfasst, die eine Spule ist, und die Nahfeldkommunikationseinheit (52) angeordnet ist, um Nahfeldkommunikation unter Verwendung der Spule als Antenne durchzuführen.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Sensor (18) zwei voneinander beabstandete elektromagnetische Sonden (17) umfasst.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach Anspruch 13, wobei die Ausgabe des Sensors (18) ein Differenzsignal zwischen den zwei elektromagnetischen Sonden (17) ist.
- Fingerboard-Verriegelungsanordnung (2) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner umfassend
die Sensoreinheit (14) ferner einen Ausrichtungssensor (54) umfasst, der angeordnet ist, um die Ausrichtung der Verriegelung (5) zu erfassen, wobei der Prozessor (50) angeordnet ist, um ein Verriegelungsausrichtungssignal von Messungen von dem Ausrichtungssensor (54) abzuleiten, das die Ausrichtung der Verriegelung (5) darstellt, und
die drahtlose Kommunikationseinheit (51) ferner angeordnet ist, um das Verriegelungsausrichtungssignal drahtlos zu kommunizieren.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1719589.2A GB201719589D0 (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | Remote position sensor |
GBGB1800892.0A GB201800892D0 (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Position sensing device |
GBGB1801608.9A GB201801608D0 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Pipe monitoring system |
GBGB1802220.2A GB201802220D0 (en) | 2018-02-12 | 2018-02-12 | Position sensing system |
GBGB1810456.2A GB201810456D0 (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Drilling equipment monitoring |
PCT/GB2018/053408 WO2019102222A1 (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2018-11-26 | Sensor unit for monitoring a tubular |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3714128A1 EP3714128A1 (de) | 2020-09-30 |
EP3714128B1 true EP3714128B1 (de) | 2021-06-23 |
Family
ID=64564914
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18811908.5A Active EP3714128B1 (de) | 2017-11-24 | 2018-11-26 | Sensoreinheit zur überwachung eines rohres |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US11519230B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3714128B1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK3714128T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2880574T3 (de) |
SG (1) | SG11202004224QA (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019102222A1 (de) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20220178399A1 (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2022-06-09 | Salunda Limited | Fastener assembly sensor unit |
AR120945A1 (es) * | 2020-01-13 | 2022-03-30 | Nabors Drilling Tech Usa Inc | Sistema de detección tubular para un porta-dedos |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4621974A (en) | 1982-08-17 | 1986-11-11 | Inpro Technologies, Inc. | Automated pipe equipment system |
GB2435518B (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2009-11-18 | Alexy Davison Karenowska | Position sensor |
JP2011525236A (ja) | 2008-06-05 | 2011-09-15 | オックスフォード アールエフ センサーズ リミテッド | 位置センサ |
WO2012012326A1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-26 | Pondhop Automation & Controls Inc. | Fingerboard latch detection system |
US9016382B2 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2015-04-28 | Invensys Systems, Inc. | Offshore drilling rig fingerboard latch position indication |
GB2506424B (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-06-07 | Salunda Ltd | Target clearance measurement device |
GB201313725D0 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2013-09-11 | Salunda Ltd | Fluid sensor |
SG10201507702RA (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-04-28 | Salunda Ltd | Sensor For A Fingerboard Latch Assembly |
WO2016053294A1 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Mechanically coupling a bearing assembly to a rotating control device |
GB2532267A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-18 | Nat Oilwell Varco Norway As | A method for placing and removing pipe from a finger rack |
US10801319B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2020-10-13 | Salunda Limited | Sensing of the contents of a bore |
WO2018009483A1 (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-11 | American Block | Actuatable fingerboard latch assembly |
AU2017294148B2 (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2022-06-02 | Salunda Limited | Sensor for a fingerboard latch assembly |
WO2018011383A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | Maersk Drilling A/S | A pipe storage apparatus for a drilling unit |
US11402205B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2022-08-02 | Salunda Limited | Sensor for a rotatable element |
GB2560536A (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-19 | Salunda Ltd | Sensing of the contents of a bore |
US10472903B2 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-11-12 | Nabors Drilling Technologies Usa, Inc. | Racking board retention system |
-
2018
- 2018-11-26 EP EP18811908.5A patent/EP3714128B1/de active Active
- 2018-11-26 DK DK18811908.5T patent/DK3714128T3/da active
- 2018-11-26 ES ES18811908T patent/ES2880574T3/es active Active
- 2018-11-26 SG SG11202004224QA patent/SG11202004224QA/en unknown
- 2018-11-26 US US16/766,623 patent/US11519230B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-26 WO PCT/GB2018/053408 patent/WO2019102222A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3714128A1 (de) | 2020-09-30 |
US11519230B2 (en) | 2022-12-06 |
WO2019102222A1 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
DK3714128T3 (da) | 2021-07-26 |
SG11202004224QA (en) | 2020-06-29 |
US20210010334A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
ES2880574T3 (es) | 2021-11-24 |
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