EP3704354A1 - Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine - Google Patents
Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3704354A1 EP3704354A1 EP19714116.1A EP19714116A EP3704354A1 EP 3704354 A1 EP3704354 A1 EP 3704354A1 EP 19714116 A EP19714116 A EP 19714116A EP 3704354 A1 EP3704354 A1 EP 3704354A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- gas turbine
- gap
- threshold value
- maximum value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/02—Arrangement of sensing elements
- F01D17/04—Arrangement of sensing elements responsive to load
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/305—Tolerances
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/335—Output power or torque
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/80—Devices generating input signals, e.g. transducers, sensors, cameras or strain gauges
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a gap minimization of an adjustable gap between a rotor and a housing of a gas turbine, wherein the Gasturbi ne one, in particular hydraulic, Spaltinstellvoriques comprises.
- the invention further relates to a Steuervorrich device for performing the method and a gas turbine with such a control device.
- EP 2 843 198 A1 discloses a method as well as a device for controlling a rotor clearance (tip clearance) of a gas turbine engine of an aircraft. Steps of the method include measuring at least one motor parameter; Determining the engine power requirement from the at least one engine parameter; and calculating the rotor gap in view of the determined engine power requirement.
- the device for controlling the rotor gap is controlled to increase or decrease the root top clearance based on the difference between the calculated clearance and a predefined target clearance.
- EP 2 549 065 A1 also describes a system for operating a turbine comprising a rotating component and a non-rotating component separated from the rotating component by a gap.
- a first The actuator is connected to the non-rotating component and the first actuator comprises a shape memory alloy.
- a method of operating the turbine includes detecting a parameter that reflects the gap between the non-rotating component and the rotating component, and generating a parameter signal that reflects the gap. The method further includes generating a control signal for at least one actuator based on the parameter signal and moving at least a portion of the non-rotating component relative to the rotating component to vary the gap.
- the invention has for its object to propose an improved HCO logic, which in particular at a load change an optimal use of the gap setting is possible during operation of the gas turbine.
- the object is achieved by a method for controlling a gap minimization of an adjustable gap between a rotor and a housing of a Gasturbi ne, wherein the gas turbine comprises a, in particular hydraulic, Spaltinstellvoriques, comprising the following steps te:
- an actual value of the operating parameter is continuously determined and compared with the lower threshold and the upper threshold, and over a predetermined period of time, the maximum value of the actual value is determined
- a limit value for the operating parameter is determined and the gap minimization is activated when the actual value is above the limit and deactivated when the actual value is below the limit.
- a control device for carrying out the method comprising a, in particular hydraulic, Spaltinstellvoriques as means for determining the actual value of the Radioparame age.
- the means for determining the actual value of the operating parameter may be sensors for a direct measurement or, alternatively, another variable correlated with the operating parameter may be measured directly and, on this basis, the operating parameters calculated indirectly.
- gap minimization is in this case an axial offset of the rotor of the gas turbine is understood against the flow direction, which offset with the aid of in particular the hydraulic With tel for adjusting the gap between the rotor and the Ge housing is performed.
- HCO is used in the following text for the term gap minimization.
- the gap minimization or the HCO function can be activated (the rotor is shifted towards the housing) or deactivated.
- the invention is based on the consideration to provide a new HCO logic, which is mainly simple and robust, but can minimize the dangers in the operating phases with activated Spal toptimierung. For this purpose, numerous investigations of transient maneuvers were carried out by means of computer simulation, which form the basis for the improved HCO logic.
- an operating parameter is used ter, with the aid of the operating state of the gas turbine is detected.
- an operating parameter e.g. the power of the gas turbine
- a normalized relative power, temperatures or pressures along the main gas channel or temperature and pressure conditions are used.
- the operating parameter is chosen so that it is based on a
- the computer simulation by means of the simulation program he follows in particular outside of the operation, e.g. in the development stage of the gas turbine.
- a simulation program is understood to mean a so-called digital twin of the gas turbine.
- the simulation program or simulation model provides a more detailed overview of the status of the turbine with different parameter settings. This makes it possible to better determine operating parameters that are tailored to the application scenario in order to optimally drive the gas turbine. In the specific case, the behavior of the gas turbine with respect to the gap between the rotor and the housing in the ongoing changes in the operating parameter is under investigation.
- the simulation data set generated by the simulation program then serves to select the upper threshold and the lower threshold such that optimal utilization of the HCO is possible in which the HCO is activated as long as possible with acceptable column losses.
- the essential feature for the evaluation of the simulations is that the narrowest gap of the different maneuvers ver should be equal to ensure that not a maneuver "destroyed" the column.
- the actual value of the operating parameters is continuously recorded, whereby "continuous" includes both the case of a continuous, uninterrupted, direct measurement or calculation from measured data, as well as the case of direct measurement or calculation from measured data at short intervals.
- the currently detected actual value is compared with the lower and upper threshold values, whereby the course of the actual value is subdivided into at least three operating regimes or ranges: a lower range, a middle transition range and an upper range.
- the maximum value of the actual value over a period of time in the immediate past is recorded.
- a limit value is determined with the aid of the correlation from the simulation results, which is then tightened when the actual value is in the transitional range between the lower and the upper threshold value.
- the gas turbine In the low load range, the gas turbine is usually only operated for a very short time, if at all, because of the pollutant emissions and the low efficiency. Consequently the efficiency in this load range contributes very negligibly to the overall efficiency over the operating cycle of the machine. In this respect, there is no need to activate the HCO in this difficult environment. For this reason, the lower threshold is defined for the operating parameter. In the lower area, below the lower threshold value, therefore, the gap minimization is deactivated or remains deactivated, if it was not already switched on or already switched off.
- the analyzes carried out show that it is in the range of high loads of the gas turbine, in which area the HCO is switched on in the Re gel, even with load fluctuations after a leadership or adaptation of the HCO is not required.
- a start from a low-load range is not critical for the use of gap minimization.
- the upper threshold value for the operating parameter is defined. In the upper area, above the upper threshold value, the gap minimization is therefore activated or remains activated if it was already switched on.
- the correlation between the actual value of the operating parameter and the maximum value of the operating parameter from the immediate past is taken into account.
- the HCO function is activated or deactivated depending on the behavior of the gas turbine in the predefined time period.
- the limit value of the operating parameter is required, which depends on the maximum value. If the actual value is above the limit value, ie between the limit value and the upper threshold value, the gap minimization is or remains activated. If, however, the actual value is below the limit value, ie between the lower threshold value and the limit value, the gap optimization is or remains deactivated.
- the proposed method is a very precise activation of the HCO function, which bine several HCO activation hours are obtained in the operation of Gastur, which acts positively on the efficiency of the gas turbine.
- the method limits the complexity of subdividing the operating regimes of the gas turbine to only three cases in which the HCO logic must decide whether to turn on or off the HCO.
- the HCO logic described above also provides better match with machine behavior and is independent of any active one
- the relative power which is normalized to the rated power of the gas turbine.
- the relative power is directly coupled to the absolute power, which is well available in the control of the gas turbine and requires no additional hardware effort to be detected.
- the time interval is between 20 minutes and 3 hours, in particular between 30 minutes and 90 minutes.
- the time span is due to the reaction time of the turbine and is thus machine-dependent.
- the period of time is predetermined in particular in the control of the gas turbine.
- the lower threshold at a relative power is between 30% and 45%. This means that the gap minimization is switched on, only when at least 30% of the rated power of the gas turbine are reached. Below this relative power, it is provided that the HCO function is permanently inactive.
- the upper threshold value for a relative power is preferably between 50% and 65%. At the latest when 65% of the rated output of the gas turbine is reached, depending on the case, this can already be achieved at 50% of the nominal output of the gas turbine. bine, the HCO is activated and remains permanently active above the upper threshold.
- the gap minimization is preferably delayed activated when the actual value exceeds the threshold.
- a time-delayed activation of the HCO prevents a considerable load difference from being bypassed by rapid maneuvers. For this reason, another block of HCO is defined which blocks HCO activation for a period of a few minutes to a maximum of 30 minutes.
- Threshold defines multiple levels for the maximum value, where only the highest level is exceeded for the activation or deactivation of the gap minimization, which was exceeded by the maximum value in the time span. In this way, no continuous storage of the maximum value is required each time the maximum value is changed. Only when, for example, increases the gas turbine in a higher power level, it is noted that the gas turbine has been operated above this level. Such a procedure represents a further simplification in the determination of the limit value, since thereby the maximum value remains constant over a longer time.
- the correlation between the limit value and the maximum value is preferably predefined.
- the connexion maximum value and the limit value is specified in particular in the form of a table. For the application this is completely sufficient, and very reliable and controllable. It is thus only necessary to know the maximum value of the operating parameter in order to determine the limit value quickly and without great computational effort.
- each stage it is preferable for each stage to have a correlation between the Limit value and the maximum value predefined. The respective correlations are recorded in the table.
- the correlation between the limit value and the maximum value is determined by calculation. This is done in particular according to a formula stored in the control.
- the procedural rens intimide from determining the actual value of the operating parameters in the operation of the gas turbine advantageously continuously performed continuously as soon as the gas turbine in operation genome men becomes.
- FIG 1 is a graphical representation of the three performance areas shown, in which the performance of a gas turbine not shown in detail with a Spaltinstellvortechnisch according to the new HCO logic is divided and which is characterized by under different operating regimes.
- the Spaltin adjusting device which in particular is hydraulically driven, is part of a Steuervor direction not shown here in detail, which communicates with not-shown sensors, which monitor the operation of the gas turbine, data technology commu.
- the relative power P REL is plotted on the X axis.
- carry which is formed by the current power, which is normalized by the rated power of the gas turbine.
- the maximum value of the relative power P MAX of the gas turbine is plotted on the Y axis.
- the three regions U, M and 0 on the X-axis are separated by a lower threshold Pu and an upper threshold P 0 .
- the power range is marked U.
- the power range is indicated by O.
- the middle transition region M is between the lower threshold Pu and the upper threshold P 0 .
- the line F which extends over the transition region M he shows the dependence of the limit value P G of Maxi value P MAX ⁇
- This dependency is stored in the embodiment shown, for example, in a table to which the Steue can access tion.
- the table in turn is based on a simulation data set generated by means of a simulation program or digital twin for this turbine type.
- the decision as to whether the HCO is activated or deactivated or remains active or inactive is based on the development of an actual value Pi of the relative power P REL .
- the maximum value PM A X for a period of time which always corresponds to the last hour of the actual value Pi (see FIG. 2).
- the time span is also stored in the controller and is machine-specific. The time span can also be shorter than 1 hour (eg the measurements of the relative power P UML from the last 45 min are used) or even longer (eg 90 min). If the actual value Pi in the lower range U is below the lower threshold value Pu, the controller deactivates the gap minimization or, if the gap minimization is already active, it remains switched off.
- the controller activates the gap minimization or, if the gap minimization is already active, it remains switched on.
- the gap minimization is turned on or off depending on whether the actual value Pi is the relative power P ⁇ EL in the region M 'below the limit value P G or in the range M "above the limit value P G.
- the limit value P G As already explained, the maximum power PM A X of the maximum power PM A X in the last hour can be derived from the maximum value PM A X based on the correlation (F) stored in the controller.
- the maximum value PM A X can also be defined on the Y-axis several stages for the maximum value PM A X, with the activation or deactivation tion of the gap minimization is taken into account only, wel che is the highest level of the maximum value PM A X was exceeded in the last hour. For example, between 3 and 10 such stages may be defined, which may also be different in size.
- the line F looks somewhat different for each stage, ie the predefined or calculated correlation between the limit value P G and the maximum value PM A X can vary from stage to stage.
- a further barrier of the HCO can be incorporated, which blocks the HCO activation for eg 15 min.
- the lock engages, in particular, after a considerable increase in load or power in the transition region M or in the upper region 0, which follows a considerable load or power drop in the lower region U.
- FIG. 2 in which the relative power P REL is plotted against the time t. Up to the time point ti, the actual value Pi is substantially constant and is in the upper power range 0, in which the HCO is active. Between ti and t 3 , Pi drops rapidly until a value below the lower threshold Pu is reached. When falling below the limit value P G in the transition region M at the time point 12 while the gap minimization is turned off.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018203896 | 2018-03-14 | ||
| EP18176962.1A EP3540182A1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-06-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine |
| PCT/EP2019/055994 WO2019175091A1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2019-03-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3704354A1 true EP3704354A1 (de) | 2020-09-09 |
| EP3704354B1 EP3704354B1 (de) | 2022-06-08 |
Family
ID=62599468
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18176962.1A Withdrawn EP3540182A1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-06-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine |
| EP19714116.1A Active EP3704354B1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2019-03-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18176962.1A Withdrawn EP3540182A1 (de) | 2018-03-14 | 2018-06-11 | Verfahren zur steuerung einer spaltminimierung einer gasturbine |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11060412B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3540182A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6861325B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN111836947B (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019175091A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102482651B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-12-29 | 주식회사 케이티 | 디지털 트윈 서비스에 기초하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하는 장치, 방법 및 컴퓨터 프로그램 |
| CN113250759A (zh) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-13 | 上海慕帆动力科技有限公司 | 一种trt间隙调节系统 |
| US11655725B2 (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2023-05-23 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Active clearance control system and method for an aircraft engine |
| US12123308B2 (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2024-10-22 | General Electric Company | Clearance control system for a gas turbine engine |
| CN115169048A (zh) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-10-11 | 东南大学溧阳研究院 | 一种基于多领域组件建模的重型燃气轮机建模方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4069662A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1978-01-24 | United Technologies Corporation | Clearance control for gas turbine engine |
| US4230436A (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-10-28 | General Electric Company | Rotor/shroud clearance control system |
| US8011883B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2011-09-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine blade tip clearance apparatus and method |
| US8177474B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2012-05-15 | General Electric Company | System and method for turbine engine clearance control with rub detection |
| US8126628B2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2012-02-28 | General Electric Company | Aircraft gas turbine engine blade tip clearance control |
| US8296037B2 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2012-10-23 | General Electric Company | Method, system, and apparatus for reducing a turbine clearance |
| US8177476B2 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-05-15 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for clearance control |
| US8342798B2 (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2013-01-01 | General Electric Company | System and method for clearance control in a rotary machine |
| US8939709B2 (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2015-01-27 | General Electric Company | Clearance control for a turbine |
| DE102012213016A1 (de) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-01-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Minimierung des Spalts zwischen einem Läufer und einem Gehäuse |
| US9758252B2 (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2017-09-12 | General Electric Company | Method, system, and apparatus for reducing a turbine clearance |
| GB201315365D0 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-10-09 | Rolls Royce Plc | Rotor tip clearance |
| DE102014203318A1 (de) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gasturbine bei aktiver hydraulischer Spalteinstellung |
| US10344614B2 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-07-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Active clearance control for a turbine and case |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 EP EP18176962.1A patent/EP3540182A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-03-11 CN CN201980018689.1A patent/CN111836947B/zh active Active
- 2019-03-11 JP JP2020538123A patent/JP6861325B2/ja active Active
- 2019-03-11 WO PCT/EP2019/055994 patent/WO2019175091A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-03-11 US US16/976,257 patent/US11060412B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-11 EP EP19714116.1A patent/EP3704354B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3704354B1 (de) | 2022-06-08 |
| US11060412B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
| CN111836947B (zh) | 2022-10-28 |
| CN111836947A (zh) | 2020-10-27 |
| WO2019175091A1 (de) | 2019-09-19 |
| JP2021507176A (ja) | 2021-02-22 |
| JP6861325B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 |
| EP3540182A1 (de) | 2019-09-18 |
| US20210003027A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
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