EP3699101A1 - Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de récipients remplis - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de fabrication de récipients remplis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3699101A1
EP3699101A1 EP20158687.2A EP20158687A EP3699101A1 EP 3699101 A1 EP3699101 A1 EP 3699101A1 EP 20158687 A EP20158687 A EP 20158687A EP 3699101 A1 EP3699101 A1 EP 3699101A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
container
closure
pressure
containers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20158687.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3699101B1 (fr
Inventor
Gabriel Seibold
Lisa Hertel
Tobias Staeber
Aurelie Boermann
Holger Müller
Sascha Bauer
Stefan Piana
Stephanie Wunderlich
Ute Bedoe
Wolfgang Schönberger
Ludovic LAINE
Johannes Kugler
Daniel Vogler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP3699101A1 publication Critical patent/EP3699101A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3699101B1 publication Critical patent/EP3699101B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/04—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied
    • B65B31/046—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied the nozzles co-operating, or being combined, with a device for opening or closing the container or wrapper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22—Details
    • B67C3/26—Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/04—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied
    • B65B31/06—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied the nozzle being arranged for insertion into, and withdrawal from, the mouth of a filled container and operating in conjunction with means for sealing the container mouth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/04—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied
    • B65B31/08—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied the nozzle being adapted to pierce the container or wrapper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/02—Applying adhesives or sealing liquids
    • B65B51/023—Applying adhesives or sealing liquids using applicator nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22—Details
    • B67C3/24—Devices for supporting or handling bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C7/00—Concurrent cleaning, filling, and closing of bottles; Processes or devices for at least two of these operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22—Details
    • B67C2003/226—Additional process steps or apparatuses related to filling with hot liquids, e.g. after-treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for producing filled containers.
  • Numerous devices and methods of this type are known from the prior art. Usually a container is first filled with a liquid and then closed with a closure. In the prior art, methods are known in which an inert gas is filled into the headspace of the container in the case of containers that have not yet been closed in order to extend the shelf life of the corresponding beverage. This procedure is known in particular for so-called hot-fill processes, in which a heated liquid is filled into the containers.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of making devices of this type known from the prior art ready for series production.
  • a device according to the invention for producing filled containers has a transport device which is suitable and intended for transporting containers filled with a liquid and closed with a closure.
  • the device has a penetration device, which is suitable and intended to create an opening in at least one area of the closure and / or the container, and an application device, which an interior of the container through this opening with a flowable and in particular gaseous medium acted upon (or this interior supplies the gaseous medium).
  • closures are preferably closures that have been manufactured in a compression molding process.
  • Another preferred device involves closures which have a continuous or essentially continuous wall thickness.
  • closures that were produced in an injection molding process.
  • the closure is designed in a single layer.
  • the closure preferably does not have a so-called liner on its inside.
  • the device has a closing device which closes the opening again (and which closes the opening again, in particular after the interior space has been exposed to the gaseous medium).
  • the device has a sterilization device which sterilizes at least one area of the closure and / or of the container.
  • account is taken of the fact that the creation of the opening and the subsequent opening of the container can lead to contamination or contamination of the beverage.
  • This first measure according to the invention in particular also makes it possible to achieve series production readiness for corresponding systems, since in this way, as explained in more detail below, series or industrial production of containers is also made possible.
  • the containers are filled with a heated liquid and in particular with a heated drink.
  • the liquid preferably has a temperature which is greater than 30 °, preferably greater than 40 °, preferably greater than 50 ° and particularly preferably greater than 70 °.
  • the closing device has an ultrasonic generating device.
  • Closing devices are known from the internal prior art of the applicant, which re-heat the area of the opening of the cover, for example by heating. In this case, however, only a certain area of the cover is heated and welded in this way.
  • Ultrasonic welding also prevents the creation of poisonous gases such as hot melt. In addition, no molten material can drip from the lid into the container.
  • the device has at least one inspection device that monitors at least one device of the device and / or the device has at least one monitoring device that monitors at least one parameter that is characteristic of the manufacture of the filled containers.
  • the operational safety or the process safety of the containers produced in this way is ultimately increased.
  • this measure also contributes to the fact that the containers are manufactured in ongoing production.
  • the device has at least one cleaning and / or sterilization device which is suitable and intended for cleaning and / or sterilizing at least one device of the application device (and / or the penetration device).
  • the impingement device (and / or the penetration device) has, for example, elements to be cleaned or sterilized, such as feed lines for a gaseous medium or the like.
  • elements to be cleaned or sterilized such as feed lines for a gaseous medium or the like.
  • a different degree of cleaning or sterilization may be required.
  • Different cleaning and / or sterilization media can also be used accordingly.
  • This cleaning and / or sterilization device is preferably active in a cleaning operation which differs from a normal working operation in which the containers themselves are treated.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization device can clean or sterilize other elements of the device, such as the penetration device or the closure device.
  • the application device enables the container to be subjected to a first pressure and a second pressure which differs from the first pressure. This procedure is basically suggested that the medium is fed through the opening at different pressures.
  • containers and in particular hot-filled containers are generally punctured by the closure after recooling and pressurized with a gaseous medium, in particular an inert gas and in particular nitrogen.
  • a gaseous medium in particular an inert gas and in particular nitrogen.
  • a first pressure is preferably a pressure which is greater than 2 bar, preferably greater than 2.5 bar, preferably greater than 3 bar and preferably greater than 3.5 bar.
  • the first pressure is preferably a pressure which is less than 10 bar, preferably less than 9 bar, preferably less than 8 bar, preferably less than 7 bar and preferably less than 6 bar. It is particularly preferred that the pressure is in a range of approximately 4 bar.
  • the second pressure is, in particular, a pressure which defines the desired final pressure in the head space.
  • This can be, for example, a pressure of 0.3 (overpressure) i.e. 1.3 bar.
  • This second pressure is preferably greater than 0.1 bar (excess pressure), preferably greater than 0.2 bar (excess pressure) and particularly preferably greater than 0.25 bar (excess pressure).
  • This second pressure is preferably less than 3 bar (overpressure), preferably less than 2.5 bar (overpressure), preferably less than 2 bar (overpressure), preferably less than 1.5 bar (overpressure), preferably less than 1 bar ( Overpressure) and preferably less than 0.5 bar (overpressure).
  • pressures mentioned here can also be referred to below as pressure levels.
  • the closing device is also movable and, in particular, can be advanced towards the container.
  • the closing device can be a rod-like body, the tip of which is heated and which can be advanced towards the container.
  • the closing device is preferably movable in a straight direction of movement. This direction of movement is preferably inclined to a longitudinal direction of the container to be treated.
  • the closure of the container is preferably a plastic closure.
  • the container itself is also a plastic container and in particular a deformable plastic container.
  • the sterilization device is suitable and intended to sterilize at least one area of the opening. This helps to ensure that no contamination or germs can get into the interior of the container through this area.
  • the sterilization device has a radiation device which acts on at least one area of the container with electromagnetic radiation and in particular high-energy light, for example high-energy UV light, and / or a heating device which heats at least one area of the container.
  • electromagnetic radiation can be, for example, ultraviolet radiation, but also electron radiation, X-rays or radioactive radiation.
  • a gas to the closure for sterilization for example a sterile gas or a sterilizing gas, such as H 2 O 2 , for example.
  • a sterilizing gas such as H 2 O 2
  • the sterilization device it is also possible for the sterilization device to be implemented in that the process of making the opening in the closure also takes place during the application of a sterilizing gas.
  • the sterilization device has a heating device which can be delivered to the area of the closure and / or the container to be sterilized in order to sterilize this area. This deliverability can take place by moving the sterilization device, but also by moving the container.
  • the direction of sterilization is preferably designed in the manner of a stamp which can be lowered onto the closure.
  • a drive device is particularly preferably provided which moves at least one element of the sterilization device towards the closure. This can be, for example, an electric drive, a hydraulic drive or a pneumatic drive.
  • a pneumatic drive is particularly preferably used.
  • the device has a control device which causes the sterilization device to sterilize the area of the container and / or the closure after the perforation device has made the hole.
  • the hole is first made and then the area is sterilized, for example heated or exposed to UV light. It is also possible that there is a mechanical coupling between the perforation device (for example a needle) and the sterilization device.
  • the device has a sterile room, within which the containers are transported at least in sections. It is possible that the entire device is arranged within a sterile room, but it would also be possible for the transport path of the containers and / or the containers to be guided within the sterile room, but other areas of the device, for example parts of the transport device, are arranged outside this sterile room are. For example, the sterile space could surround the containers like a torus.
  • the sterile room is preferably delimited from an (unsterile) environment by means of at least one wall.
  • the sterile space is preferably delimited from the (unsterile) environment by means of at least two walls, these walls being particularly preferably movable with respect to one another.
  • a sterilization device is preferably provided which sterilizes the containers and / or the closures prior to the actual device.
  • the device in the configuration described above is constructed in a sterile room and / or isolator technology.
  • At least one ventilation device is preferably provided which applies an overpressure of a gaseous medium, in particular but not exclusively sterile air, to this insulator or its interior. In this way, the penetration of germs into the isolator or sterile room can be avoided.
  • a sterilizing gas can also be present in the isolator or clean room, in particular in a low concentration, in order to prevent contamination.
  • H 2 O 2 can also be used to sterilize the corresponding feed lines, for example the lines leading into the clean room. The same applies to the process head.
  • the device has a cleaning device for cleaning the device itself, for example what is known as CIP cleaning (cleaning in place).
  • a cleaning operation can be provided, during which the device itself is cleaned.
  • lid sterilization in particular in the inlet area, by means of pulse light is provided, in which one or more lids can be sterilized at once.
  • the device has a radiation device which is suitable for outputting pulsed radiation, for example UV radiation, electron beams, X-rays or the like.
  • the device is preferably equipped with a clean room roof, which provides a corresponding air flow with sterile Creates air.
  • Hot steam for example, is used to sterilize the corresponding supply lines and the process head.
  • the device preferably has a drying device which enables devices of the device to be dried after they have been sterilized.
  • a drying device which enables devices of the device to be dried after they have been sterilized.
  • the sterilization for example with superheated steam
  • the system could be dried again by air flow.
  • the transport device transports the containers individually.
  • the containers are gripped here and there. It is possible here for the transport device to grip the containers at least also by their neck or mouth.
  • the opening is closed by changing the material and in particular by melting the plastic material of the closure and / or the container (in sections).
  • the penetration device has a piercing device and in particular a needle.
  • a piercing device and in particular a needle.
  • This can be designed, for example, as a full needle or as a hollow needle.
  • the transport device is preferably designed as a rotary device.
  • the application device is suitable and intended to apply an overpressure of gaseous media to the head space of the container or the container. This can be, for example, an overpressure of three or four bar.
  • the closing device has an advancing device which advances at least one element of the ultrasonic generating device onto the opening.
  • this delivery device can have a drive which is selected from a group which has electrical drives, hydraulic drives and pneumatic drives.
  • the delivery device particularly preferably has a pneumatic drive.
  • the delivery device is particularly preferably suitable and intended to deliver an ultrasonic element completely onto the container, that is to say in such a way that it contacts the container.
  • a (in particular small) distance it would also be possible for a (in particular small) distance to be maintained between the container and the ultrasound generating device.
  • the ultrasound generating device has a sonotrode.
  • the ultrasound generating device is integrated into a stamp which at least temporarily contacts the container and / or the closure.
  • This stamp can preferably be delivered to the container and in particular to the opening to be closed and its surroundings and the ultrasonic signal can be activated.
  • the device particularly preferably has an ultrasonic generating device which is suitable and intended to generate the ultrasonic signal which excites the said sonotrode or another ultrasonic generating element.
  • the process time can be kept short or as short as possible.
  • the ultrasound generating device has a piezoelectric element.
  • the ultrasound generating device has a generator device which is suitable and intended for generating an ultrasound whose frequency is greater than 20 kHz and / or the ultrasound generating device has a generator device which is suitable and intended for generating an ultrasound whose Frequency is less than 35 kHz.
  • frequencies for example frequencies in the region of 70 kHz.
  • the device has a sensor device which at least partially or at least temporarily determines a parameter that is characteristic of the ultrasonic welding process. For example, a heating of the plastic material can be determined, but it can also be checked whether the sonotrode is active or whether an ultrasonic signal is emitted. In other words, it is possible that this sensor system can monitor both the ultrasound and the respective welding result at the welding point.
  • the sensor device has a power measuring device.
  • the ultrasound generating device has a processing head which can be moved towards the closure and / or the opening, which in turn has a surface which can be turned towards the opening and which is designed in such a way that it is suitable for pushing molten material in the direction of the opening.
  • a sonotrode is used for ultrasonic welding, for example a hole punched in the cover. As mentioned above, this is placed on the lid in order to close the hole located there again by means of ultrasound melting of the material.
  • the surface facing the opening is understood to mean that component or, in particular, that end face of the sonotrode which, during the work process, is arranged closest to or at the smallest distance from the opening. It is suggested, that this surface is designed in such a way that it urges molten material towards the opening.
  • This surface is preferably curved and in particular curved concavely. As will be described in more detail below, this curved surface pushes the melted material in the direction of the opening. Instead of a curved configuration, however, an angular configuration would also be possible, for example in the form of a cone or the like.
  • This surface of the sonotrode particularly preferably has an opening edge, and in particular also an area withdrawn from this opening edge, i.e. an area which, in contrast to the opening edge, is further away from the opening to be sealed and in particular is further away from a longitudinal direction of a sonotrode of the opening to be fused as the opening edge.
  • the opening edge can be placed at least in sections and preferably circumferentially on the closure and in particular on the areas surrounding the opening.
  • the processing head is particularly preferred in that area in which it is placed against the opening in the manner of a trough, an edge of this trough being able to be placed on the covers.
  • said surface has a spherical shape, for example the shape of a hemisphere or the like.
  • spherical recesses or depressions are also possible, for example, as mentioned above, in the manner of a cone, a cone sock or an ellipsoid.
  • a second machining head equipped in the same way is provided.
  • the sonotrode shape described here has a concave tip shape.
  • the ultrasound generating device in particular in the form of a sonotrode, is an acoustic component, it is advantageous that it is constructed symmetrically. It is therefore recommended that the concave embodiment described here is present on several sides, in particular on both sides of the sonotrode. In this way a symmetry of the sonotrode can be achieved.
  • the concave head and in particular the concave tip during welding carry the melt over the hole to be closed, so that there is always a certain layer thickness over the hole to be closed.
  • a more reliable welding and / or reclosing of the hole in the container, or its closure can be guaranteed, in particular by a concave shape of the sonotrode, since edge material is carried and / or pushed directly over the hole with each weld.
  • Particularly preferred is the surface of the sonotrode that contacts the cover symmetrically and in particular circular in cross section.
  • the ultrasound generating device can be advanced towards the opening in such a way that a longitudinal direction of the ultrasound generating device encloses an angle that is greater than five degrees, preferably greater than ten degrees, preferably greater than 15 degrees, with respect to a direction standing on a surface of the closure and preferably greater than 17 degrees.
  • this angle which the longitudinal direction of the ultrasound generating device includes with respect to a direction perpendicular to the surface of the closure, is less than 50 degrees, preferably less than 40 degrees, preferably less than 30 degrees and preferably less than 23 degrees.
  • said longitudinal direction of the ultrasound generating device is also the delivery direction, that is to say the direction in which the ultrasound generating device is moved relative to the closure.
  • the device has several transport units which are preferably arranged one after the other and which transport the containers.
  • the container can be brought up to the device described here with a further transport device. It is also possible that a transfer device takes place which changes from a floor-guided transport of the containers to a neck-guided transport of the containers.
  • the device has a separating device which transfers a stream of containers into successive individual containers.
  • a feed screw can be provided in the inlet of a machine.
  • an auger-free inlet would also be possible. It is possible that the containers are transferred to one or more inlet stars, depending on the machine arrangement. In a further preferred embodiment, the individual containers are also raised or lowered, if necessary, in order to achieve a uniform level for the transfer to a neck treatment or neck transport area. It is possible here for the containers to be raised, for example by means of lifting cams on a neck ring.
  • a lifting star can also be provided. It would also be conceivable that the containers are held down during their transport, or that a lowering curve is present. In addition, it is also possible that the containers fall a certain (in particular short) fall distance in the open air or that a flat neck handling guide is also present.
  • a transfer takes place in a neck treatment clip.
  • Additional guides can optionally be provided, in particular in the area of a transfer and preferably also with an engagement in a closure area or in an area in which the containers are transported by their necks.
  • the sterilization device is designed in such a way that it sterilizes the closure or cover when the containers are closed enables. It is possible here for the container lids to be sterilized for the process in the closed state. This can be accomplished through one or more dry or wet processes. As mentioned above, the sterilization can take place, for example, using ultraviolet light, H 2 O 2 , chlorine dioxide, superheated steam, peracetic acid, but also electron beams and the like.
  • a sterilization device which sterilizes the penetration device or puncture device, for example a needle.
  • a sterilization can be carried out, for example, via a temperature or heating and / or via a sterilization medium such as ultraviolet light, H 2 O 2 , chlorine dioxide, superheated steam and / or the penetration device can be kept sterile by appropriate procedures.
  • containers can be handled directly on a conveyor.
  • Corresponding process heads can be transported above or via a drag chain via a linear motor, via a pneumatic guide or the like. Furthermore, both continuous operation of the transport device and cyclical operation are possible.
  • H 2 O 2 sterilization with a gas and, for example, H 2 O 2 .
  • an H 2 O 2 reservoir could be arranged in the loading device, for example the loading head.
  • a pulsed light could also be integrated into the head, especially when exposed to UV light.
  • sterilization of the head and the add-on parts using H 2 O 2 is conceivable.
  • a zone inside the container is rinsed with H 2 O 2 in order to sterilize this area.
  • sterilization of the head and the add-on parts by means of UV light can be provided. Furthermore, after it has been placed on the container, the inner zone of a container can be treated with UV light in order to sterilize this area.
  • a sterilization by means of electron beams (e-beam) of the lid can be provided either in an inlet area of the device or directly in the head of the application device.
  • the inspection device and / or the monitoring device is suitable and intended to output at least one value which is characteristic of the establishment of the device and / or the manufacture of the filled containers.
  • the value which is characteristic for the device of the device is selected from a group of values which include a value characteristic of a physical property of the penetration device, a value characteristic of a positioning of the penetration device relative to the container and / or the closure, contains a value characteristic of a relative movement between the penetration device and the container, a value characteristic of focusing a light beam, a value characteristic of the impingement device, a value characteristic of the closing device, in particular a temperature value or the like.
  • Such values be determined which are relevant for a reliable penetration and / or loading and / or sterilization and / or sealing process. This can, for example, be the state of a penetration needle, for example it can be checked whether it has broken off or is generally still intact. Several such values can also be determined.
  • the concentration of a sterilizing agent can also be measured.
  • the inspection device and / or the monitoring device has a sensor device which is selected from a group of sensor devices which contains temperature sensors, pressure sensors, acceleration sensors, motion sensors, distance sensors, acoustic sensors, proximity sensors and the like.
  • the device has a memory device which stores the values output by the respective sensor device.
  • a comparison device is preferably provided which compares the values output by the sensor device or devices with reference values, in particular with reference values stored in a database.
  • the device can have a control and / or regulating device which controls the device taking into account the values output by the sensor device or devices.
  • the value that is characteristic of the production of the filled containers is selected from a group of values which contains temperature values, pressure values, in particular a pressure value inside the container, speeds, accelerations, optical parameters and the like. This can be, for example, the temperature of the liquid in the container, or also the temperature of a welding die that seals the opening produced. In addition, such values can also be recorded over a longer period of time. Such values can also be used to make a prognosis about a state of wear.
  • the puncture it is also possible for the puncture to be checked visually, for example in a container closure.
  • a temperature measurement can be made possible, for example a temperature measurement of a sealing point.
  • the inspection device is suitable and intended to determine the relevant value without contact.
  • the inspection device can be a camera or a proximity sensor or the like.
  • the device has an error generation unit which is suitable and intended to generate operating errors.
  • an error is first intentionally generated in order to check the inspection unit, that is to say that this inspection device must then be able to determine this error. It is thus possible, for example, that a faulty seal is deliberately created in order to check the subsequent inspection device, that is to say to check whether it can also determine this fault.
  • a needle inspection could take place between an inlet star of the containers and an outlet star of the container.
  • the penetration device for example a needle
  • the penetration device is extended briefly in order to be recorded with at least one camera, preferably with two cameras, which are preferably offset by a predetermined angle with respect to one another.
  • an inspection device which enables thermal monitoring of the welding point.
  • sensors such as infrared cameras or thermopiles can be provided which, after welding, check whether local heating by a minimum temperature difference can be measured at the welding point.
  • the penetration device it is also possible and preferred for the penetration device to be inspected and / or checked.
  • a needle, the puncture hole produced by this needle and / or the shape of a welding point can be checked.
  • the inspection device preferably has an image recording device, such as in particular but not exclusively a camera, which observes the puncture hole and / or the weld point.
  • This image recording device can in particular be arranged above the container closure.
  • the device preferably has an inspection device which is used to check the closure and / or the internal pressure of the container. This can be done, for example, via a curvature of the container closure.
  • This inspection device can have an optical means, for example.
  • a single-point laser triangulation sensor can be provided which records a height profile of the closure and, in particular, the closure passing underneath.
  • the penetration device which can have a needle, for example, can also be visually inspected.
  • An inspection device is therefore preferably provided which inspects at least one element of the penetration device, in particular optically.
  • the penetration device or the needle is preferably examined with regard to a property selected from a group of properties which include bending of the needle, bluntness of the needle, a possibly existing needle break, a position or length of the needle, the presence of residues the needle and / or the presence of debris on the needle.
  • the present invention is further directed to a device for producing filled containers with a transport device which is suitable and intended for transporting containers filled with a liquid and closed with a closure. Furthermore, a penetration device is provided which is suitable and intended to create an opening in at least one area of the closure and / or at least one area of the container, and also an impact device, which allows an interior of the container to flow through this opening with a flowable and in particular applied gaseous medium. Furthermore, a closing device is provided which closes the opening.
  • the device here has a changing device which is suitable and intended for changing at least one device of the device.
  • this device of the device could be an element of the loading device, or also an element of the closing device.
  • This changing device is preferably suitable and intended to carry out the designated change automatically. It is thus possible that if the penetration device, for example the needle, is damaged, it can be automatically replaced.
  • the device has a storage device for storing at least one and preferably several such elements, such as one or several corresponding needles.
  • This storage device or this magazine can be placed in a certain position, so that if the needle or penetration device is damaged, this position can be approached and an exchange can be carried out using a changing system and / or a robot.
  • the changing device itself to be integrated into the penetration device.
  • the changing device there can be a magazine in the process head that replaces a needle if it is damaged.
  • a damaged needle can be ejected and replaced with a new one.
  • the penetration device and the closure device can be arranged and / or moved in different ways. It would thus be conceivable that both the penetration device and the closure device are fed to the container and / or the container closure with the same direction of movement.
  • the penetration device and the closing device could be arranged, for example, on a carrier which is designed in the manner of a revolver drum.
  • the directions of movement of the respective infeed movements could also run or be inclined to one another at an angle other than 0 °. It would be possible for one of the two elements to be perpendicular to the container and / or closure wall stands, but it would also be possible that both elements are inclined to the respective wall to be pierced.
  • the two devices can be placed perpendicularly on the surface to be pierced.
  • a movement device is preferably provided which moves at least one of the two devices at least also in a direction perpendicular to the piercing direction, such as the above-mentioned revolver drum-like device.
  • an alternating movement of the components can preferably be carried out, which can take place, for example, by a horizontal displacement of the penetration device and / or the closing device or can also be realized by a rotary movement.
  • the container itself could also be moved - in particular transversely, in particular perpendicular to its longitudinal direction, with respect to the penetration device and / or the closure device.
  • a plurality of stations are particularly preferably arranged on the transport device, each of which preferably has the above-mentioned devices, i.e. each having an impact device, a penetration device and / or a closing device.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization device is particularly preferably suitable for applying a flowable cleaning medium to devices of the application device (s), as described in more detail below.
  • the application device enables the container to be applied at least with a first pressure and a second pressure that differs from the first pressure.
  • a first pressure and a second pressure that differs from the first pressure.
  • the container is initially subjected to a greater overpressure, for example a pressure of four bar, and then to a pressure which then essentially corresponds to the internal pressure of the container, for example a pressure of 1.3 bar (or 0.3 bar overpressure compared to ambient pressure).
  • a greater overpressure for example a pressure of four bar
  • a pressure which then essentially corresponds to the internal pressure of the container for example a pressure of 1.3 bar (or 0.3 bar overpressure compared to ambient pressure).
  • this is the pressure of the flowable medium which is introduced into the container through the opening made.
  • the application device has at least one feed line which feeds the medium into the interior of the container and the sterilization device is suitable and intended to flush this feed line with a cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • the application device particularly preferably has at least two feed lines which feed the flowable medium to the interior of the container and the sterilization device is suitable and intended to flush both feed lines with the cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • the application device can have an application space which is in interference connection with the interior of the container and into which the at least one, preferably both, supply lines lead.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization device has at least one stationarily arranged supply device for a cleaning and / or sterilization medium. It is possible that such feeds or also a corresponding reservoir for the cleaning and / or sterilizing agent are arranged in a stationary area of the machine and, in particular, this cleaning and / or sterilizing agent is transported to a movable part of the device.
  • the loading device is arranged on the transport device. This means that the application device is transported with the transport device.
  • the device particularly preferably has a large number of such loading devices.
  • a large number of corresponding stations can be implemented at which, as mentioned above, penetration devices, loading devices and / or closing devices are arranged.
  • the device has a distribution device which distributes at least one flowable medium from a stationary feed device to a plurality of application devices.
  • this distribution device can be a so-called rotary distributor which, starting from a stationary feed, divides a plurality of application devices arranged on the transport device and thus movable.
  • the named distribution device is also suitable and intended to distribute the flowable medium from a stationary system part to the individual application devices during operation.
  • the device has a stationarily arranged supply device for providing the flowable medium. It is thus also possible for the flowable medium with which the containers are acted upon during operation to be transferred from a stationary part of the system to a movable and, in particular, rotating part of the system.
  • the device has a selection device and / or switching device which enables the loading device to be optionally charged with the flowable medium or the cleaning and / or sterilization medium. It is possible that the device, as described in more detail below, has two different operating modes and the selection device, for example a valve, can cause the application device to be applied either with the flowable medium or with the cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • the flowable medium (which is used for sterilization and / or cleaning) is a gaseous medium and in particular a medium such as steam, hydrogen peroxide or the like.
  • a gaseous medium and in particular a medium such as steam, hydrogen peroxide or the like.
  • sterilization with a liquid medium would also be possible.
  • At least one of the pressures (mentioned above) or one of the pressure stages (with which the container is acted upon) is made available by means of a pressure storage device.
  • a pressure reduction in the rotation is only possible to a limited extent, however, since the built-in components, especially a pressure reducer, are not hygienic components and thus the entire line cannot be dampened to maintain hygiene.
  • the embodiment mentioned above therefore proposes providing a pressure accumulator on the rotating part or the moving part of the system. More precisely, this idea is based on the assumption that only one line with a pressure level, for example, the lower pressure or the higher pressure, is led through a media distributor.
  • a high-volume pressure accumulator is then filled with a higher pressure p1 via a control valve (which can preferably be damped).
  • This pressure accumulator can for example be designed as a ring tank.
  • the pressure accumulator device thus preferably makes the higher pressure available.
  • This pressure accumulator can, as mentioned, be designed as a ring line and have a number of dependent, isolated stations.
  • the pressure storage device is arranged on a device of the transport device.
  • a rotating wheel can be provided on which the pressure accumulator is in turn arranged.
  • stations which are used to treat the containers, can also be provided on this wheel.
  • the device has a plurality of loading devices, and preferably several of these loading devices are supplied with at least one pressure from a common pressure storage device.
  • a pressure is also made available by means of a stationary supply device.
  • this is the smaller print.
  • This is preferably distributed to the individual stations by means of a distribution device, for example a so-called rotary distributor.
  • the higher pressure is preferably made available or supplied via a rotary distributor.
  • This pressure can be reduced by means of a reducing device, for example by means of a control valve. In this way, the accuracy in applying pressure to the containers can be ensured via the pressure accumulator.
  • the different pressures are made available to the container via at least two supply lines. It is thus possible for a pressure space to be applied to the head space of the container or to the closure and for this pressure space to be supplied by the two lines. The pressure can reach the interior of the container via this pressure chamber.
  • the device has at least one sealing device, which seals the container and / or the container closure during the application. It is thus possible for the container itself to be delivered to a sealing surface of a loading head. In addition, however, it would also be possible to lower the head onto the container. In addition or in addition, it would also be possible that Slide in the container from the side and thus generate the seal between the container and the process head.
  • the top of the closure can be sealed. In the state of the art, this is achieved by moving the entire process head.
  • the disadvantage here is that the head with the entire periphery has to be moved, which shortens the service life of the connections and seals.
  • the sealing movement can be carried out by lifting the containers.
  • the process head remains permanently in a fixed position and is not damaged by constant movement.
  • a bottle holder for example a clamp, needs to be moved.
  • the point at which the container is to be opened can be sealed.
  • the device has a control device for at least one of the pressures or one of the pressure levels.
  • a control device can be arranged on the memory.
  • a pressure transmitter for example, it would be possible for a pressure transmitter to be provided on or in the pressure accumulator in order to regulate the pressure. Furthermore, the outlets to the treatment stations can be provided on the pressure accumulator in order to set the desired final pressure in the containers.
  • the media distributor used here can be kept quite simple, and this also simplifies the structure of the entire machine.
  • the desired pressure level can be set very precisely through the volume of the pressure accumulator for the low pressure, since a decoupling from the high pressure occurs. It is therefore possible that the pressure accumulator is used both to provide a high pressure and to provide a low pressure.
  • the aforementioned pressure storage device can be sterilized, for example with steam.
  • a regulating valve used to feed the storage tank can also be used to set different target pressures independently, depending on the desired container pressure.
  • said loading device for the containers is arranged on the transport device. As mentioned above, a large number of such loading devices can be provided.
  • the pressure accumulator device can be cleaned and / or sterilized by means of a cleaning line and / or a sterilization line.
  • the device has a recycling device which is suitable and intended to at least partially recover a gaseous medium, and in particular the medium described above, for charging the containers.
  • a gaseous medium and in particular the medium described above
  • pressure recycling can reduce nitrogen consumption.
  • a puncturing position of the penetration device relative to the container can be changed and / or adjusted. This can in particular, but not exclusively, take place in that a position of the penetration device and / or a needle relative to the area of the container to be protruded and in particular the container closure can be changed, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the container.
  • a closure can be pierced at essentially any position.
  • the piercing into the container lid can preferably take place centrally.
  • the container is preferably treated above the bottom (e.g. injection point of the preform) so that no visible intervention on the container is visible.
  • the at least one hole can preferably have a diameter of 0.05 mm-4 mm, preferably 0.1 mm -2 mm.
  • the shape of the hole can also vary, for example a round, square, triangular or oval shape is possible. Alternatively, the hole shape could be a polygon.
  • the welding stamp can also contain a pattern, for example a logo, diamond pattern or even checkerboard pattern that is transferred to the container during the welding process.
  • a pattern for example a logo, diamond pattern or even checkerboard pattern that is transferred to the container during the welding process.
  • a blank closure can be used and branding can be applied by welding.
  • the containers or closures can be sealed using heat / heat. This can be done in particular, but not exclusively, through the use of microwave heating devices, infrared heating devices, ultrasonic heating devices, soldering irons / heating stamps, laser devices, devices for applying hot air or the like.
  • Another possibility is (alternatively or additionally) to close the hole again by supplying material. This can be done, for example, by means of application devices for applying adhesives or hot plastics.
  • the device has a sealing device which is suitable and intended to seal a re-closed hole.
  • This seal can serve both as mechanical protection of the weld against damage and environmental influences, as well as to guarantee the integrity of the product.
  • a sealing pattern to be applied by means of a laser.
  • the present invention is furthermore directed to a method for producing closed containers filled with liquids, with containers filled with a liquid and closed with a closure being transported with a transport device and at least one area of the closure and / or the container being transported with a penetration device Opening is generated and an interior of the container is acted upon through the opening with a flowable and in particular gaseous medium with an application device and the opening is then closed again with a closure device.
  • At least one area of the container and / or the closure is sterilized.
  • a region of the container and / or the Closure and / or a region of the device such as the penetration device or the loading device and / or the closing device takes place.
  • sterilization takes place after the closure or the container has been perforated.
  • sterilization can take place in the period in which the container is opened and pressurized.
  • the closing device closes the opening by the action of ultrasound.
  • a sonotrode is particularly preferably used for this purpose.
  • At least one element of the closing device makes contact with a region of the opening at least temporarily during the closing process.
  • at least one element of the closure device is delivered to an area of the opening and / or the closure and / or the area of the container that has been perforated.
  • drives such as in particular pneumatic, electrical or hydraulic drives
  • guide curves that enable the respective movements.
  • the closing device sets at least one section of the container or the closure into mechanical vibration at least temporarily.
  • a material to be heated is particularly preferably heated and, in particular, melted by this mechanical oscillation and the sealing is thus ultimately achieved.
  • this oscillation achieves at least partial melting of the area to be closed.
  • a frequency is used for melting or for applying which is greater than 5 kHz, preferably greater than 10 kHz and preferably greater than 20 kHz.
  • a frequency that is less than 80 is particularly preferably used kHz, preferably less than 50 kHz, preferably less than 40 kHz and particularly preferably less than 35 kHz.
  • the closing process is monitored at least temporarily by means of a sensor device.
  • a performance of the closing device or the above-mentioned sonotrode can be measured.
  • a camera it would also be possible for a camera to be provided which monitors the closing process by means of ultrasound.
  • the ultrasound generating device has a processing head which can be moved towards the opening and has a surface facing the opening, in particular a curved or trough-like surface.
  • the processing head preferably has a surface which urges molten material in the direction of the opening to be closed.
  • the melted plastic material and in particular the melted plastic material of the closure is at least temporarily urged in the direction of the opening during the melting process and in particular is urged in a radial direction of the closure in the direction of the opening.
  • the ultrasound generating device is fed towards the closure in a direction of movement which, with a direction perpendicular to the closure, encloses an angle which, as mentioned above, is between 5 and 55 degrees, preferably between 10 and 40 degrees, preferably between 15 and 55 degrees 30 degrees and particularly preferably between 17 and 23 degrees.
  • the ultrasound generating device which is in particular a sonotrode, is placed on the material to be processed at an angle of approximately 20 degrees.
  • At least one device of the device is inspected by means of an inspection device and / or at least one parameter is monitored by means of a monitoring device, which parameter is characteristic of the manufacture of the filled containers.
  • either the device or its system part monitor itself in particular and not only exclusively the penetration device, the loading device and / or the closing device and / or that the container being treated is monitored, for example pressure monitoring or the like can be done.
  • the actual treatment process can be monitored.
  • At least one value is output which is characteristic of the establishment of the device and / or of the manufacture of the filled containers.
  • the device is particularly preferably controlled on the basis of this value.
  • the above-mentioned production of the opening in the closure and / or the application and / or the closure takes place in a first operating mode of the device.
  • At least one device of the application device is cleaned and / or sterilized by means of a cleaning and / or sterilization medium in a second working operation.
  • a cleaning and / or sterilization medium in a second working operation.
  • devices and / or parts of the system be sterilized and / or cleaned. This cleaning and / or sterilization can take place in particular using a cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization takes place by means of a flowable cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • a flowable cleaning and / or sterilization medium can for example be water vapor, hydrogen peroxide or the like.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization medium is made available by a stationary supply device. Particularly preferably, this feed can take place during a movement of the loading device. However, it would also be possible for the cleaning and / or sterilization medium to be supplied in a stationary state of the loading devices.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilizing agent is particularly preferably made available in the same way as the flowable medium with which the Containers are acted upon.
  • the cleaning and / or sterilization medium is particularly preferably made available via a rotary distributor.
  • a pressure accumulator of the device is also cleaned by means of the cleaning and / or sterilization medium.
  • the container is acted upon by the application device with a first pressure and a second pressure of the flowable medium that deviates therefrom.
  • the container is preferably first subjected to a higher pressure and then to a lower pressure.
  • the low pressure is made available by a pressure storage device.
  • Figure 1a shows a schematic representation of a device 1 according to the invention for treating containers. Only one closure 12 of the container is shown here.
  • the device according to the invention has a penetration device 6, which is designed here as a needle and which is intended to pierce a predetermined area of the closure 12.
  • This penetration device 6 is movably arranged here on a drive device and can thus in Figure 1a be fed in a vertical direction towards the closure and pierce it.
  • the reference numeral 104 denotes a guide device which is used here to guide the penetration device 6.
  • the reference numeral 102 roughly denotes a guide cylinder within which the penetration device 6 with its drive device 8 can be moved.
  • the reference numeral 19 denotes a further drive device, which as a whole can also be moved in the vertical direction with respect to a housing 18. At the same time, a pressure can be applied to the container by the application device 8.
  • the reference number 4 denotes a closure device which is intended to close the container closure again after it has been pierced and filled with the gas.
  • this closing device can have an ultrasound generating device 42. This can be applied to the closure and through it Heat vibrations locally so strongly that the (plastic) material of the closure 12 melts
  • the reference numeral 300 roughly schematically denotes an inspection device which is suitable and intended to inspect devices of the device 1 and / or also to inspect a work result, for example a drilled hole. It is possible that such inspection devices are arranged in a stationary manner and that the in Fig. 1a device shown moved past this.
  • the inspection facility is stationary opposite the in Fig. 1a device shown is arranged, for example on the (not shown transport device on which the device itself is arranged.
  • the reference numeral 302 roughly schematically denotes a monitoring device which monitors the process described above, for example by monitoring pressures, temperatures or other process parameters
  • the closure device for example a temperature control element
  • the closure device is first fed to the closure, for example in order to melt or soften it.
  • this process step is optional.
  • the element 102 is first fed onto the closure 12.
  • a sterilization of the closure 12 can be achieved, for example by sterilizing the surrounding areas in the area in which the opening is to be created, for example by UV light, as explained in more detail below, or by the action of heat or can also be done by a sterilization medium.
  • FIG. 2 shows a representation of a device according to the invention.
  • a housing 30 is provided which, for example, can have a linear drive unit for a needle and also the sonotrode.
  • the reference number 4 in turn denotes the closing device, which as in FIG Figure 2 shown is guided obliquely and thus obliquely can be delivered to the (not shown) container.
  • the reference number 32 denotes a compressed air supply which is used to actuate the pneumatic drive.
  • the reference number 6 in turn denotes the penetration device and the reference number 52 a temperature sensor which, for example, can monitor a temperature of the container closure.
  • Reference numeral 102 denotes a sterilization device, which is designed here as a pulsed UV lamp and which sterilizes the area of the opening that is produced or to be produced.
  • valve block which can be used to supply the gas, for example nitrogen.
  • this valve block can also be sterilized using a sterilization gas.
  • sterilization using H 2 O 2 is also possible.
  • Reference number 104 denotes a cooling device for cooling the UV lamp or, in general, the sterilization device. This can be liquid cooling, for example.
  • the reference number 520 denotes a pressurization space in order to seal the area between the closure and the pressurized air and in this way to apply the overpressure to the container closure and thus also to the container (not shown).
  • FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram-like arrangement of a device according to the invention with a treatment station.
  • a container 10 is shown to which the compressed air is applied.
  • a loading chamber 520 is again provided, which can be provided with pressures p1 and p2 here by means of two compressed air lines.
  • a pressure Px can first be fed to a rotary distributor 430 via a pressure reservoir 514 by means of a control stage 508 and a control unit 512.
  • This rotary distributor 430 distributes the compressed air to the individual containers or the individual application devices.
  • the reference symbol 500 identifies the loading device in its entirety.
  • the reference numeral 510 denotes a pressure storage device which is provided for storing a specific pressure, either the higher pressure p1 or the lower pressure p2.
  • Reference number 516 denotes a control valve which is suitable for regulating the pressure P exiting from the reservoir on the individual containers.
  • a reservoir 414 is again provided here, which can, for example, provide a cleaning agent such as steam.
  • Reference numeral 408 denotes a valve which can bring about the supply of steam into the device 512, the rotary distributor 430, but also the individual lines of the application device 500.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a device 1 according to the invention.
  • a transport device 2 is provided, which can be designed as a rotatable carrier.
  • a multiplicity of treatment stations 40 are provided on this carrier, which, as mentioned above, have the individual devices here, such as the application device and the like.
  • the reference numeral 430 in turn denotes a rotary distributor and the reference numeral 510, roughly schematically, the reservoir, which can serve to hold or store a pressure level.
  • FIGs 7a, 7b show an illustration of an ultrasound generating device known from the applicant's internal prior art. These each have a body 44 and a head 146, which here has a curved and in particular hemispherically outwardly curved surface as can be seen. As mentioned, this round sonotrode shape can achieve a nice weld, but, as in particular in Figure 7b is shown, it can happen that molten material is pushed outwards, i.e. away from the opening, and this is therefore not reliably closed.
  • the reference symbol M indicates melted material of the container lid. It can be seen that this is being pushed away from the opening as indicated by the arrow P10.
  • the Figures 8a, 8b show an advantageous embodiment of a sonotrode.
  • two sonotrode elements 48 with surfaces 48a are provided on the head 46.
  • the ones in the Figure 8a The tip or surface shown on the left is not used here to carry out a work process, but is attached for reasons of symmetry.
  • the reference character L relates to the longitudinal direction of the sonotrode (as well as to the direction in which the sonotrode is advanced towards the closure. The said concave formation is thus present here on both sides of the sonotrode (based on the longitudinal direction L).
  • the concave configuration pushes a large part of the molten material M in the direction of the opening 20 or pushes the material into this opening, thereby securely sealing the opening 20.
  • the reference symbol a denotes the angle at which the sonotrode is advanced towards the cover.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
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