EP3691797A1 - Procede d'assemblage de particules gravitationnel - Google Patents
Procede d'assemblage de particules gravitationnelInfo
- Publication number
- EP3691797A1 EP3691797A1 EP18785900.4A EP18785900A EP3691797A1 EP 3691797 A1 EP3691797 A1 EP 3691797A1 EP 18785900 A EP18785900 A EP 18785900A EP 3691797 A1 EP3691797 A1 EP 3691797A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- colloidal suspension
- sedimentation
- particles
- sample
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 14
- 241000282341 Mustela putorius furo Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 PolyDiMethylSiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002073 fluorescence micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
- B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of assembling particles on a surface of a sample.
- the present invention relates in particular to the assembly of particles contained in a colloidal suspension on the surface of a microstructured substrate.
- the Marangoni effect describes the phenomenon of particle overconcentration in the colloidal suspension in the vicinity of the triple sample / colloidal suspension / air interface. During movement of the colloidal suspension relative to the sample, the capillary forces trap the particles in the microstructures.
- An object of the invention is in particular to propose a method:
- a method of assembling particles on a microstructured surface of a sample comprising:
- sedimentation step of particles contained in the colloidal suspension so that particles sediment towards the surface of the sample, the sedimentation step being carried out at a so-called sedimentation temperature interval.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a condensation step implemented:
- the condensation step being carried out at a temperature interval called condensation, an upper limit of the condensation temperature interval being lower than a lower limit of the interval temperature recovery.
- microstructured surface denotes a surface having microstructures arranged according to one or more predetermined patterns.
- a microstructure extends at least in part in a direction extending mainly from a face of the sample comprising the microstructured surface towards the interior of the sample.
- a microstructure can be arranged to receive one or more particles.
- a microstructure may preferably be arranged to receive a single particle.
- a microstructure may have any shape.
- Most of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension may preferably be sedimentation particles.
- the term "a major part of particles" can be understood as a portion greater than 50% of the number of such particles.
- each microstructure may have a minimum ferret diameter greater than a given threshold value and each particle contained in the colloidal suspension may have a maximum ferret diameter less than this given threshold value, so that the particles can freely penetrate the microstructures under the effect of gravitation.
- the covering step may preferably be carried out by laminar flow of the colloidal suspension on the surface of the sample in a direction substantially parallel to said surface of the sample.
- an interval may be limited to a single value.
- a lower bound of this interval is equal to an upper bound of this interval which is equal to this unique value.
- the sedimentation particles preferably penetrate at least part of the microstructures.
- the sedimentation stage preferably at least a portion of the sedimentation particles penetrate entirely into the microstructures.
- a particle can freely enter a microstructure to a surface forming a bottom of the microstructure.
- a number of particles contained in the colloidal suspension may preferably be at least equal to the number of microstructures contained in the microstructured sample.
- an upper bound or a lower bound of an interval may be less than or equal to, respectively greater than or equal to, a lower bound or an upper bound, respectively.
- an interval for example respectively of temperature
- Gas bubbles may be trapped in the microstructures during the implementation of the recovery step.
- the gas bubbles consist of the gas surrounding the sample during the implementation of the recovery step.
- the condensation step is arranged to expel gas bubbles contained in all or part of the microstructures by:
- the gas surrounding the sample may be ambient air.
- the condensation step makes it possible to expel the air bubbles from the microstructures by:
- the condensation step may be carried out previously at the sedimentation stage and a lower limit of the sedimentation temperature interval may be greater than an upper limit of the condensation temperature range.
- the condensation step may preferably be performed at a condensation temperature such that an upper limit of the condensation temperature range is at least 10 degrees Celsius (°) lower than the lower limit of the range. sedimentation temperature.
- the condensation step may be at least partly carried out simultaneously with the sedimentation step.
- the condensation step can be carried out completely simultaneously at the sedimentation stage.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a step of trapping particles in the microstructures of the sample, the trapping step being carried out:
- the trapping step may be at least partly performed simultaneously with the sedimentation step.
- the trapping step can be carried out completely simultaneously at the sedimentation stage.
- a lower bound of the trapping temperature interval may be greater than an upper bound of the overlay temperature range.
- the trapping step makes it possible to increase a degree of filling of the microstructures by the particles by increasing the convective flow of the particles in the colloidal suspension.
- the trapping step may preferably be performed at a trapping temperature such that a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is at least 10 ° C higher than an upper limit of the temperature range. recovery.
- the trapping step may be performed subsequent to the sedimentation step and a lower bound of the trapping temperature range may be greater than an upper limit of the sedimentation temperature range.
- the trapping step may preferably be performed at a trapping temperature such that a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is at least 10 ° C higher than an upper limit of the temperature range. sedimentation.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a step of removing the colloidal suspension from the microstructured surface of the sample, in a movement mainly tangential to said microstructured surface, so as to remove an excess of particles present on the surface of the microstructured surface of the sample. sample, the removal step being carried out subsequently to the sedimentation step and / or the trapping step.
- the step of removing the colloidal suspension may preferably be performed by laminar flow of the colloidal suspension on the surface of the sample.
- the recovery step may be carried out from a suspension of which a dispersing phase comprises:
- the recovery step may be carried out from a suspension of which a dispersing phase comprises:
- the recovery step may be carried out from a suspension whose dispersant phase comprises a mixture of solvents.
- the dispersing phase may contain a quantity of water of less than 5% by weight.
- the term "at least partly water” can be understood as a quantity of water being greater than one part per million (ppm).
- the sedimentation step may be carried out from a colloidal suspension in a sedimentation regime, the effects of gravitation on at least a part of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension being greater than the effects of agitation said at least a portion of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension.
- a maximum sedimentation rate of a particle contained in the colloidal suspension can be expressed as being equal to:
- D fm a value of a maximum Fertile diameter of this particle contained in the colloidal suspension
- ⁇ difference between a density of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension and a density of the dispersant phase
- p density of the dispersed phase (of the particles) at the temperature T
- a sedimentation rate of the particles in sedimentation is such that a major part of said sedimentation particles is always contained in the dispersing phase subsequent to the implementation:
- the majority of the sedimentation particles are always contained in the dispersing phase subsequent to the implementation of the recovery step, or the recovery and condensation steps, and is preferably at least equal to the number of microstructures in the microstructured sample.
- a size distribution of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension may be such that a maximum Ferf diameter D fm of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension is such that:
- T a temperature of the particles contained in the suspension corresponding to the lower limit of the sedimentation temperature interval
- ⁇ difference between a density of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension and a density of the dispersant phase
- p density of the dispersed phase (of the particles) at the temperature T
- the temperature T of the particles contained in the suspension can be considered as being equal, at any moment, to the temperature of the dispersing phase.
- a particle size distribution contained in the colloidal suspension may be such that:
- a maximum ferri diameter D fm of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension is greater than 100 nm, preferably at 150 nm, and / or
- a maximum Feret diameter D fm of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension is less than 100 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 50 ⁇ m.
- each microstructure may have a minimum ferret diameter, in a plane parallel to the surface of the sample, being greater than 90 nanometers (nm) and less than 110 micrometers (microns or pm).
- the sedimentation step may be carried out from a colloidal suspension in a Brownian ballistic regime, said sedimentation step comprising a step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension covering the microstructured surface of the sample, so that after this modification step, the particles contained in the colloidal suspension sediment.
- a maximum Feret diameter of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension may be such that:
- the step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension may be carried out so as to cause a flocculation of at least a part of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension.
- the step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension may comprise an addition of a flocculating agent in the colloidal suspension.
- the flocculating agent may be an inorganic salt or a polymer.
- an inorganic salt may, among other things, be chosen from the family of metal salts, it may for example be an iron or aluminum salt.
- the flocculating agent may be chosen from polymeric flocculants.
- the polymeric flocculant may be chosen, for example, from the family of polyacrylamides.
- the flocculation step initiates the sedimentation of the particles.
- All the steps that can precede and / or succeed and / or be concurrent with the sedimentation stage can be combined with the first alternative or the second alternative of the sedimentation stage of the process according to the invention.
- At least a portion of the steps may be implemented in a microfluidic device comprising, inter alia, a chamber arranged to receive the colloidal suspension and one of whose walls comprises at least part of the microstructured surface of the sample.
- microfluidic device defines a device arranged to receive a maximum volume of fluid, typically less than 10-8 liters, and / or having a channel whose width and / or height is less than one millimeter.
- a maximum volume of fluid typically less than 10-8 liters, and / or having a channel whose width and / or height is less than one millimeter.
- all the steps of the process can be carried out in the microfluidic device.
- a distance between the microstructured surface and an upper wall of the chamber of the microfluidic device can be adapted so that an average distance that the sedimentation particles have to travel to reach the microstructured surface is less than 3 mm.
- the step of covering the surface of the microstructured sample with the colloidal suspension may be carried out by introducing the colloidal suspension into the chamber and by flow, by capillary effect, of the colloidal suspension in the chamber.
- the step of covering the surface of the microstructured sample with the colloidal suspension may be carried out by introducing the colloidal suspension into the chamber and being free of flow of the colloidal suspension in the chamber.
- the introduction of the colloidal suspension into the chamber can be carried out by injection and / or suction and / or aspiration.
- a recoil contact angle formed between the colloidal suspension and the microstructured surface of the sample may be between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably between 20 and 70 °, more preferably between 30 and 50 °.
- the recovery temperature range may be from 0 to 50 ° C.
- the recovery temperature range may preferably be between 15 and 30 ° C.
- the lower limit of the condensation temperature range may be less than 20 ° C, preferably less than 15 ° C, more preferably less than 10 ° C.
- the sedimentation temperature range can be between
- the sedimentation temperature range may preferably be from 15 to 30 ° C.
- the recovery temperature range may be equal to the sedimentation temperature range.
- the lower limit of the trapping temperature range may be greater than 25 ° C, preferably greater than 30 ° C, more preferably greater than 40 ° C.
- a linear rate of shrinkage of the colloidal suspension may be between 0.05 and 50 cm / min.
- the duration of implementation of the condensation step may be less than 10 min, preferably 5 min.
- the duration of implementation of the sedimentation step may be less than 15 min, preferably 10 min.
- the duration of implementation of the trapping step may be less than 20 min.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 are schematic representations of profile views of a microfluidic device, comprising a microstructured surface of a substrate, illustrating steps of the method according to the invention
- FIGURE 6 is a schematic representation of a top view of a microfluidic device, as described in EP2942111A2, illustrating the steps of filling and removing the process according to the invention
- FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the influence of the temperature of implementation of the condensation step through the evolution of the number of microstructures containing no air bubbles during the implementation of the condensation step as a function of the temperature of implementation of the condensation step,
- FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the influence of the temperature of implementation of the trapping step through the evolution of the average speed of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension as a function of the temperature of implementation of the trapping step
- FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the effects of the linear rate of shrinkage of the colloidal suspension and of the number of particles contained in the colloidal suspension on the defect rate of the assembly obtained,
- FIGURE 10 is a fluorescence microscopy image of the assembly obtained from fluorescent Polystyrene particles assembled on a PolyDiMethylSiloxane substrate.
- variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence including these other characteristics), if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
- This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art .
- FIGURES 1 to 10 there is described an embodiment of the method for assembling particles 1 on a microstructured surface 2 of a sample 3 comprising microstructures 21 also called microcavities.
- Sample 3 is mounted within a microfluidic device 5 as described in EP2942111A2.
- This device 5 comprises, inter alia, a Pelletier type temperature controller 4 and a microfluidic cell forming a chamber 10 arranged to receive the colloidal suspension 6.
- the microfluidic cell comprises, inter alia, a PDMS base (PolyDiMethylSiloxane ) of which two side walls 7 are schematized, an upper wall 11 composed of a glass plate 11 and the mirrostructured surface 2 of the sample 3.
- PDMS base PolyDiMethylSiloxane
- Sample 3 can be made of any type of material.
- a step of treatment, physical and / or chemical, of the surface 2 of the sample 3 can be carried out before the implementation of the process, for example a coating of the surface with a hydrophobic compound such as a fluorinated compound by inter alia, dipping or vapor deposition or vaporization of the compound in question on the surface.
- a product marketed by the brand DAIKIN and sold under the brand name "Optool" has been used.
- the skilled person qualifies the product set and associated treatment method of "OPTOOL treatment”.
- a recoil contact angle formed between the colloidal suspension 6 and the microstructured surface 2 of the sample 3 is included between 10 ° and 80 °, preferably between 20 and 70 °, more preferably between 30 and 50 °.
- an advancing contact angle formed between the colloidal suspension 6 and the microstructured surface 2 of the sample 3 is between 70 and 110 °.
- sample 3 is in PDMS.
- a wall 7 of the microfluidic device 5 also comprises a capillary 8 arranged so that a needle 13 of a syringe, comprising the colloidal suspension 6 to be injected, is inserted therein.
- An opposite wall 7 has a vent 14.
- the capillary 8 must have an inside diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the needle 13.
- the different cell variants that can be used during the implementation of the process have a volume of between 50 ⁇ and 5 ml and an associated surface of between 100 mm 2 and 5 cm 2 .
- the colloidal suspension 6 used during the implementation of the process is in the sedimentation regime, that is to say that the effects of gravitation on at least a part of the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 are greater than the effects thermal agitation on said at least part of the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6.
- the colloidal suspension 6 used during the implementation of the process is a suspension of particles 1 of Polystyrene (PS) with a maximum ferret diameter, or exo-diameter, of between 9 and 11 ⁇ m and the concentration of particles 1 is always such that the number of particles 1 is greater than the number of microstructures 21.
- the dispersing phase is water in which is diluted to 1/10 000 a surfactant whose trade name is Triton X-100.
- Triton X-100 is a solution containing polyoxyethylene (C 8 H 7 C 6 H 4 (OC 2 H 4 ) 9 -10 OH) at a concentration of 10% by volume. When no precision is provided, the total volume of colloidal suspension 6 injected into the chamber 10 is 775 ⁇ and the corresponding concentration of particles 1 is 10 6 particles 1 per milliliter.
- a size distribution of the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 is such that a maximum diameter of Feret D fm of each particle 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 is such that:
- T a temperature of the particles contained in the suspension corresponding to the lower limit of the sedimentation temperature interval
- ⁇ difference between a density of the particles contained in the colloidal suspension and a density of the dispersant phase
- p density of the dispersed phase at the temperature T
- a maximum ferri diameter D fm of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension is greater than 100 nm, preferably at 150 nm, and / or
- a maximum Feret diameter D fm of each particle contained in the colloidal suspension is less than 100 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 50 ⁇ m.
- particles 1 that can be used to implement a colloidal suspension 6 in the sedimentation regime, it is possible to use PS particles having a size of between 3 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, particles silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) with a size of between 550 nm and 8 ⁇ m or gold particles with a size of between 150 nm and 2.3 ⁇ m.
- PS particles having a size of between 3 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, particles silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) with a size of between 550 nm and 8 ⁇ m or gold particles with a size of between 150 nm and 2.3 ⁇ m.
- the calculation of the lower threshold value of the maximum ferret diameter of the particles 1 of the colloidal suspension 6, the value of the dynamic viscosity of the dispersant phase can be derived from tables known to those skilled in the art. When it is measured, it can preferably be measured by a capillary viscometer or by a rotation or falling ball viscometer.
- the sample 3 has a density of microstructures 21 of 75000 microstructures 21 per square centimeter. Each microstructure 21 is arranged to receive a single particle 1. Each microstructure 21 has a minimum ferret diameter, or meso-diameter, greater than a given threshold value and each particle 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 has a maximum maximum ferret diameter. at this given threshold value, so that the particles 1 can freely enter the microstructures 21 under the effect of gravitation.
- the microstructures 21 have a minimum ferret diameter, in a plane parallel to the surface 2 of the sample 3, being greater than 90 nanometers (nm) and less than 110 micrometers (microns or pm). The minimum Feret diameter of a microstructure is about 11 ⁇ m.
- the height of the chamber 10, that is to say the distance between the microstructured surface 2 and the glass plate 11, is 1 mm.
- the method according to the invention comprises a recovery step A, illustrated in FIG. 1, of the surface 2 of the sample 3 by the colloidal suspension 6, the covering step A is carried out at ambient temperature between 19 and 23 ° C. No limitation of temperature is required during the implementation of the recovery step A.
- This recovery step A can be carried out in a temperature range between 0 and 50 ° C, preferably between 10 and 40 ° C, more preferably between 15 and 30 ° C.
- This covering step A is carried out by introducing the colloidal suspension 6 into the chamber 10 and by laminar flow, by capillary effect, of the colloidal suspension 6 on the surface 2 of the sample 3 in a mainly tangential movement extending in a direction connecting the two walls 7. During the step of covering A, air bubbles 9 are trapped inside the microstructures 21 which prevents particles 1 from entering.
- the bubbles 9 trapped inside the microstructures 21 are air bubbles because the covering step is performed in ambient air.
- the recovery step A is followed by the condensation step B, illustrated in FIG. 2, carried out at a temperature of 5 ° C. being applied for a duration of 2 min.
- This step is intended to release the microstructures 21 by expelling the air bubbles out of the microstructures 21.
- the condensation step makes it possible to drive the air bubbles out of the microstructures by:
- This step is carried out at ambient temperature of between about 19 ° C. and 23 ° C. for a duration of about seven minutes for particles having a maximum ferret diameter of between 9 and 11 ⁇ .
- This step may equally well be carried out over a temperature range of between 0 and 50 ° C., preferably between 10 and 40 ° C., more preferably between 15 and 30 ° C.
- a majority of the microstructures 21 comprise particles 1 having sedimented within the microstructures 21.
- a major from the particles 1 freely enters a microstructure 21 to a surface forming a bottom of the microstructure 21.
- the condensation step B is carried out completely simultaneously at the sedimentation stage C.
- the sedimentation of the particles 1 starts as soon as the colloidal suspension 6 is injected into the chamber 10 of the cell.
- the sedimentation stage C is therefore partly implemented concomitantly with the condensation step B on a sedimentation temperature range from 5 ° C and increase over time to room temperature of 19-23 ° C.
- the duration of implementation of the sedimentation step C is a function of the height of the cell, the size and the type of particles 1.
- the sedimentation rate is calculated at from the equation 2.
- the choice of the particles 1 must be such that the sedimentation rate of the particles 1 during sedimentation is such that a major part of said particles 1 during sedimentation is always contained in the colloidal suspension subsequently to the implementation of recovery step A.
- the sedimentation step C is followed by a step of convective trapping D of the particles 1 in the microstructures 21, illustrated in FIG. 4, being carried out at a temperature of 50 ° C. for a duration of 5 min.
- This step has the effect of increasing the convection phenomena so that the particles 1 resting on the surface 2 of the sample 3 near unoccupied microstructures 21 move above the unoccupied microstructures 21 and sediment to the interior of these microstructures 21 unoccupied.
- the trapping step D makes it possible to increase the degree of filling of the microstructures 21 by the particles 1.
- all the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 have not sedimented when the trapping step D is initiated.
- at least part of the convective trapping stage D is carried out concomitantly with the sedimentation stage C.
- the whole of the convective trapping step D can be carried out concomitantly with the step of sedimentation C.
- the duration of implementation of the convective trapping step D is a function of the initial concentration of particles 1 in the colloidal suspension 6 and the density of microstructures 21 on the surface 2 of the sample 3.
- the duration of the convective trapping step D to be applied can be determined experimentally.
- the withdrawal step E, illustrated in FIG. 5, of the colloidal suspension of the surface 2 of the sample 3 is implemented following the convective trapping step D.
- the withdrawal step E does not require not to impose a particular temperature on the cell.
- the shrinkage step E can be carried out preferably at room temperature of between 19 and 23 ° C.
- the colloidal suspension 6 is removed from the chamber 10 by suction of the colloidal suspension 6 by the syringe (not shown) through the needle 13 (not shown) introduced into the capillary 8.
- the withdrawal step E consists of in the laminar flow, induced by suction, of the colloidal suspension 6 on the surface 2 of the sample 3 in a mainly tangential movement extending in a direction connecting the two walls 7. This tangential movement achieved at a controlled speed makes it possible to removing the excess of particles 1 which have sedimented on the surface 2 outside the microstructures 21 while not removing the particles 1 housed in the microstructures 21.
- the shrinkage rate is about 1 ml / min depending on the embodiment.
- the withdrawal rate can vary between 10 ⁇ / min and 10 ml / min depending on the geometry of the cell.
- the withdrawal rate is calculated so that the linear rate of shrinkage of the colloidal suspension 6 is of the order of 0.05 cm / min to 50 cm / min. According to the embodiment, the withdrawal time of the colloidal suspension 6 is about one minute.
- the withdrawal rate is adjusted according to (i) the angle of recession formed between the colloidal suspension 6 and the surface 2 and (ii) the dynamic viscosity of the colloidal suspension 6.
- the withdrawal step E directly influences the fill rate of microstructures 21 by particles 1. A withdrawal that is too rapid or occurs suddenly will cause a significant drop in the filling rate of microstructures 21.
- the microfluidic cell comprises a prechamber 12 and a chamber 10.
- the chamber 10 is arranged to receive the colloidal suspension 6 and the microstructured surface 2 of the sample 3 constitutes one of the walls of the bedroom 10.
- the chamber 10 is delimited by the walls 7, the walls 71, the surface 2 of the sample 3 and the glass slide 11.
- the chamber 10 comprises the vent 14 and the capillary 8. It is also represented by FIG. needle 13 of a syringe (not shown) inserted into the capillary 8.
- the prechamber 12 is contiguous and opens into the chamber 10.
- the colloidal suspension 6 is injected into the prechamber 12.
- the colloidal suspension 6 then progresses in the chamber 10 by wetting the walls 71 (wall 7 also syringe side), the sample 3 and the glass plate 11, forming a progressing front towards the wall 7 comprising the vent 14.
- the injection of the colloidal suspension 6 in the antechamber 12 is stopped so that the colloidal suspension 6 does not come into contact with the wall 7 comprising the vent 14.
- the colloidal suspension 6 is sucked into the syringe according to the state pe withdrawal E described previously.
- Curve I illustrates the implementation of condensation step A at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- curve II at a temperature of 18 ° C.
- curve III at a temperature of 12 ° C.
- curve IV at a temperature of temperature of 6 ° C.
- the condensation step B can therefore be performed over a temperature range of which an upper limit is less than 25 ° C.
- an upper limit of the condensation temperature range is lower than the lower limit of the sedimentation temperature range.
- an upper limit of the condensation temperature range is at least 10 degrees Celsius (°) lower than the lower limit of the sedimentation temperature range.
- a lower bound of the interval of condensation temperature is below 20 ° C, preferably below 15 ° C, more preferably below 10 ° C.
- the operating temperature of the condensation step B is preferably adjusted so that the duration of implementation of the condensation step B is less than 10 min, preferably 5 min.
- the ordinate axis represents the average speed of the particles 1 in micrometers per minute and the abscissa axis the temperature in degrees Celsius.
- An increase in the temperature of the colloidal suspension 6 makes it possible to increase the speed of the particles 1. It is observed that for temperatures below 30.degree. Particle diameter 1 has little influence on the average speed of the particles 1. In addition, for equivalent diameters, the particles 1 of different materials have equivalent average speeds. On the other hand, for temperatures higher than 30 ° C. and for the same type of particle 1, the average speed of the particles 1 is all the higher as the diameter of the particles 1 is high.
- an increase in temperature makes it possible to reduce the time required for a particle 1, having sedimented on the surface 2 of the sample 3 near an unoccupied microstructure 21, to move on the surface 2 of the sample 3 to find itself in line with said unoccupied microstructure 21 and to enter there under the effect of gravitation.
- the convective trapping step D makes it possible to increase the degree of filling of the microstructures 21 by the particles 1 by increasing the convection flow of the particles 21.
- the trapping step D can therefore be implemented in an interval of which a lower limit is greater than 25 ° C.
- a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is greater than an upper bound of the overlay temperature range.
- a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is greater than an upper limit of the sedimentation temperature range.
- a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is at least 10 ° C higher than an upper bound of the overlay temperature range.
- a lower bound of the trapping temperature range is at least 10 ° C higher than an upper limit of the sedimentation temperature range.
- the lower limit of the trapping temperature range is greater than 25 ° C, preferably greater than 30 ° C, more preferably greater than 40 ° C.
- the temperature of implementation of the trapping step D will be adjusted so that the duration of implementation of the trapping step D is less than 10 min.
- the ordinate axis represents the percent defect rate, that is to say the number of microstructures 21 not occupied by a particle 1 after implementation of the method.
- the upper abscissa axis represents the total time of withdrawal of the colloidal suspension 6 in minutes and the lower abscissa represents the linear scanning speed of the colloidal suspension 6 applied during the withdrawal step E in milliliters per minute .
- the curve I corresponds to a number of particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 such that the ratio between the number of particles 1 and the number of microstructures 21 is between 0.5 and 1
- the curve II such that the ratio between the number of particles 1 and the number of microstructures 21 is between 1 and 2
- the curve III such that the ratio between the number of particles 1 and the number of microstructures 21 is between 2.5 and 5.
- the colloidal suspensions 6 whose number of particles 1 they contain is equal to or less than the number of microstructures 21, have a high percentage of defects being equal at 34% for high withdrawal rates (10ml / min) and at 18% for low withdrawal rates (0.01ml / min).
- the colloidal suspensions 6 whose number of particles 1 they contain is equal to or is twice the number of microstructures 21, have a percentage of moderate defects being equal to 12% for high shrinkage speeds (10 ml / min) and 3% for low withdrawal rates (0.01ml / min).
- the colloidal suspensions 6 whose number of particles 1 they contain is equal to at least two and a half times the number of microstructures 21, the number of defects is of the order of 1% regardless of the speed of withdrawal of the colloidal suspension 6.
- FIG. 10 there is illustrated the result of the implementation of the method according to the embodiment applied to 10 ⁇ m PS fluorescent particles.
- the fluorescence microscopy image shown in FIG. 10 illustrates the efficiency of the method according to the invention.
- the particles 1 of PS are visible inside the microstructures 21.
- the assembly obtained has a very low level of defect.
- the assembly is obtained in less than 30 minutes.
- the method is suitable for large sample surfaces 3, such as square centimeter or square meter.
- the total working time can be further reduced, as required, for example by increasing the number of particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6.
- a depth of a microstructure 21 is arranged to accommodate a plurality of stacked particles 1, and / or
- a microstructure 21 is arranged to receive several particles 1, and / or a microstructure 21 has any shape, and / or
- the chamber 10 does not comprise a capillary 8, in this case the needle 13 is inserted through the wall 7 into the interior of the chamber 10, and / or the covering step A of the surface 2 of the microstructured sample 3 by the colloidal suspension 6 can be carried out by introducing the colloidal suspension 6 into the chamber 10 and be free of flow of the colloidal suspension 6 in the chamber 10, and / or
- the condensation step B is carried out only partly simultaneously with the sedimentation step C, and / or
- part of the condensation step B can be carried out concomitantly with a part of the sedimentation stage C, and / or
- the dispersant phase of the colloidal suspension contains a mixture of one or more organic solvents with water, and / or
- the dispersant phase of the colloidal suspension contains a mixture of one or more organic solvents and an absence of water, and / or
- a quantity of water contained in the dispersing phase of the colloidal suspension 6 is greater than one part per million (ppm), and / or
- the bubbles 9 trapped inside the microstructures 21 during the covering step A are not necessarily air bubbles but are more generally gas bubbles, and / or
- the bubbles 9 trapped inside the microstructures 21 during the recovery step A are bubbles consisting of the gas surrounding the sample during the implementation of the recovery step, and / or the step sedimentation C, made from a colloidal suspension 6 in the sedimentation regime, is substitutable by a colloidal suspension 6 in Brownian ballistic regime, in this case:
- Said sedimentation step C comprises a step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension 6 covering the microstructured surface 2 of the sample 3, so that, after this modification step, the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension
- a maximum value of a maximum Feret diameter of each particle 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6 is such that: The step of modifying the composition of the colloidal suspension 6 is carried out so as to cause a flocculation of at least a portion of the particles 1 contained in the colloidal suspension 6, and / or
- the step of modifying the colloidal suspension composition 6 comprises an addition of a flocculating agent in the colloidal suspension 6, and / or
- the flocculating agent is an inorganic salt or a polymer, and / or
- the inorganic salt is chosen from the family of metal salts, it may for example be an iron or aluminum salt, and / or
- the flocculating agent is chosen from polymeric flocculants,
- the polymeric flocculant is chosen, for example, from the family of polyacrylamides, and / or
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1759352A FR3072038B1 (fr) | 2017-10-05 | 2017-10-05 | Procede d'assemblage de particules gravitationnel |
| PCT/EP2018/077113 WO2019068857A1 (fr) | 2017-10-05 | 2018-10-05 | Procede d'assemblage de particules gravitationnel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3691797A1 true EP3691797A1 (fr) | 2020-08-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18785900.4A Pending EP3691797A1 (fr) | 2017-10-05 | 2018-10-05 | Procede d'assemblage de particules gravitationnel |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11559825B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3691797A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3072038B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019068857A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA3231708A1 (fr) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-16 | University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Piegeage selectif de particules et ses applications |
| CN117698234B (zh) * | 2023-11-08 | 2026-03-17 | 苏州城市学院 | 一种基底上含有钉扎的二维胶体玻璃及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2828386B2 (ja) | 1993-08-31 | 1998-11-25 | 科学技術振興事業団 | 微粒子薄膜の製造方法 |
| CA2426105C (fr) * | 2000-10-16 | 2010-07-13 | Geoffrey Alan Ozin | Procede d'auto-assemblage et applications optiques de structures colloidales cristallines sur des substrats |
| US6991847B2 (en) * | 2002-02-07 | 2006-01-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Light emitting photonic crystals |
| WO2006084123A2 (fr) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-10 | Marshall Robert A | Procede d'auto-assemblage, opale, bande interdite photonique et source lumineuse |
| WO2010092836A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-19 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Dispositif pour produire un film de particules et procédé de production de ce film |
| FR2943785B1 (fr) * | 2009-03-31 | 2012-11-30 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede de detection et de quantification d'analytes d'interet dans un liquide et dispositif de mise en oeuvre. |
| US20120171448A1 (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-07-05 | Austin Joseph Akey | Ordered assembly of nanoparticles in spatially defined regions |
| FR3020767A1 (fr) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de realisation d'un depot de particules sur un substrat et procede de depot utilisant un tel dispositif |
| US20160136682A1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-19 | Ebo Usa Inc. | Nanoparticle coated substrates and method of making the same |
| WO2017018946A1 (fr) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-02 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Procédé d'auto-assemblage de nanoparticules sur un substrat |
-
2017
- 2017-10-05 FR FR1759352A patent/FR3072038B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-10-05 WO PCT/EP2018/077113 patent/WO2019068857A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-10-05 EP EP18785900.4A patent/EP3691797A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-10-05 US US16/753,637 patent/US11559825B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3072038A1 (fr) | 2019-04-12 |
| FR3072038B1 (fr) | 2021-11-05 |
| US11559825B2 (en) | 2023-01-24 |
| US20200269274A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
| WO2019068857A1 (fr) | 2019-04-11 |
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