EP3673546B1 - Non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap with deion chamber - Google Patents

Description

The invention is based on a non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap, with horn electrodes, deion chamber and a multi-part insulating material housing as a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the deion chamber as well as means for guiding the arc-induced gas flow, the insulating material housing being divided in the plane spanned by the horn electrodes and two Has half-shells, as well as with plug or screw connections led out at the end according to claim 1.

From the generic DE 10 2011 102 257 A1 a horn spark gap with deion chamber in a non-blowing design with a multi-part insulating housing is previously known.

The insulating housing forms a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the deion chamber. Means are also provided for guiding the gas flow caused by the arc, the insulating material housing being divided in the plane spanned by the horn electrodes and forming a first and a second half-shell.

The horn electrodes there are implemented in an asymmetrical shape. The arc running area between the electrodes is delimited in the direction of the deion chamber by a plate-shaped insulating material, the plate-shaped insulating material being inserted in a form-fitting manner in a first formation of the respective half-shell.

The half-shells have further, second formations which surround the deion chamber part in a form-fitting manner, with breakthroughs or openings in the respective between the first and second formation Half-shell are located and the shorter of the electrodes ends in front of the deion chamber part, so that the gas flow caused by the arc only partially reaches the deion chamber. Such a horn spark gap with a deion chamber and a multi-part insulating material housing can be manufactured inexpensively, is space-saving and modular and can be designed flexibly in terms of construction. The essential assemblies of the known spark gap as well as the electrodes, a possibly provided trigger electrode and / or the deion chambers are exchangeable and can easily be adapted to the respective network conditions without leaving the basic structure.

The integration of all functional assemblies in the unit without an external housing allows the most simple design of different device versions for different network configurations. The individual parts of the spark gap can be connected to one another using standard technologies such as riveting, screwing or locking. Thanks to the gas routing with several circulation circuits, all relevant components are used to cool the hot, ionized gases.

It has been shown, however, that the resulting ionized gases have a very high thermal energy, particularly with greater loads in the event of surge currents in the range from 12.5 kA to 25 kA. Although all relevant components are used for cooling in the previously known spark gap, there are limits at higher loads that can possibly lead to failure of the spark gap in question.

From the above, it is therefore the object of the invention to provide a further developed, non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap with deion chamber, which is able to withstand even higher surge currents in the range from 12.5 kA to 25 kA without impairments that interfere with or endanger the function. The solution to be created should be based on the aspect of maintaining the narrow design of the known horn spark gaps described at the beginning, so that overall only a smaller installation space is taken up or required in the construction of modules from several spark gaps.

The object of the invention is achieved by a non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap with deion chamber according to the combination of features according to claim 1, the subclaims representing at least useful configurations and developments.

A non-rotationally symmetrical spark gap is therefore assumed. This spark gap is a horn spark gap with deion chamber and a multi-part, narrow, cuboidal insulating material housing as a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the deion chamber. Furthermore, the spark gap has means for guiding the gas flow caused by the arc, the insulating material housing being or being able to be divided in the plane spanned by the horn electrodes and having two half-shells. Furthermore, plug-in or screw connections are brought out at the front.

According to the invention, leaving the sections of the plug-in or screw connections exposed, the insulating material housing is surrounded on all sides by a cooling surface close to the housing and resting against the housing surface.

The cooling surface is supported at least partially on webs which are designed to guide the gas flow on the outer surface of the half-shells. The last-mentioned measure does not hinder the desired gas flow and at the same time ensures intimate contact between the gas flow and the cooling surface.

In a further development of the invention, the cooling surface is designed as a jacket and is jointly connected to the half-shells. This connection can be non-positive, but also through a combination of positive and non-positive locking or material locking.

The cooling surface designed as a jacket can have beads or embossings that increase stability.

Basically, it should be noted that it is advantageous to make the casing from a material that conducts heat well. This can be a metallic material but also a thermally conductive plastic.

In a further development of the invention, an inverted body can be pushed onto the half-shells at the front end of the plug or screw connections that are led out. The everting body covers at least one, preferably two opposite fastening tabs, which are part of the casing.

In the area of the overlap of the everted body overlaid by the fastening tabs, bores or recesses are provided for non-positive connection.

If the casing is made from an electrically conductive material, an insulation layer, for example made of a paper-like insulation material, is arranged between the outer surfaces of the half-shells and the casing.

The outer sides of the casing can have a structuring to enlarge the surface relevant on the heat side.

In a further development of the invention, the everting body is provided with a corresponding respective wedge slope to make it easier to cover the fastening straps.

The aforementioned casing as a cooling surface can preferably be designed as a hood that can be pushed on.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment and with the aid of figures.

• Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einer als Ummantelung ausgebildeten Kühlfläche in Form einer aufschiebbaren Haube vor dem Schritt des Aufschiebens auf die Hörnerfunkenstrecke mit Deionkammer;
• Fig. 2 eine Darstellung ähnlich derjenigen nach Fig. 1, jedoch mit teilweise aufgeschobener Haube;
• Fig. 3 eine Darstellung analog den Fig. 1 und 2, jedoch mit vollständig aufgeschobener Haube vor dem Ausführen eines Vernietvorganges;
• Fig. 4 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einer metallischen Haube als Kühlfläche sowie einer Zwischenisolation und einem Stülpkörper in Explosivdarstellung vor dem durch Aufschieben realisierten Montagevorgang;
• Fig. 5 eine Darstellung ähnlich derjenigen nach Fig. 4, jedoch mit bereits teilweise aufgeschobener metallischer Haube; und
• Fig. 6 eine Darstellung als sich anschließende Folge gemäß den Fig. 4 und 5, wobei nach vollständigem Aufschieben der metallischen Haube der Stülpkörper haubenseitige Befestigungslaschen umgreift und ebenfalls in seiner Endlage befindlich ist, jedoch vor dem noch auszuführenden Kraftschluss durch zum Beispiel Vernieten.

Here show:

• Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the invention with a cooling surface designed as a casing in the form of a push-on hood before the step of pushing onto the horn spark gap with deion chamber;
• Fig. 2 a representation similar to that after Fig. 1 , but with the hood partially pushed open;
• Fig. 3 a representation analogous to the Figs. 1 and 2 , but with the hood fully open before carrying out a riveting process;
• Fig. 4 a second embodiment of the invention with a metallic hood as a cooling surface as well as an intermediate insulation and an inverted body in an exploded view before the assembly process carried out by sliding it on;
• Fig. 5 a representation similar to that after Fig. 4 , but with the metal hood partially pushed open; and
• Fig. 6 a representation as a subsequent sequence according to the Figures 4 and 5 , wherein after the metal hood has been completely pushed on, the everting body engages around the hood-side fastening tabs and is also in its end position, but before the non-positive connection, for example by riveting, which has yet to be carried out.

The non-rotationally symmetrical spark gap according to the invention according to FIGS Figs. 1 to 3 is initially based on a support or receiving body for the horn electrodes hidden in the figures and the deionization chamber 2, which can be partially seen. Furthermore, spaces for guiding the gas flow caused by the arc can be seen. The insulating material housing or the supporting and receiving body is divided in the plane spanned by the horn electrodes along the line 3 and thus results in two half-shells.

There are plug or screw connections 4 on the front; 5 led out.

Guide grooves 6 provided on the lateral narrow sides are used to push the casing 7, which is designed as a cooling surface and which has correspondingly complementary projections (not shown) on the inside, in the correct position.

Furthermore, webs 8, which serve to guide the gas flow, are provided on the outer surfaces of the supporting and receiving bodies 1, which are designed as half-shells. In the example shown, the gas flow is at least partially returned to the ignition area of the horn spark gap electrodes.

The cooling surface 7, designed as a jacket, is implemented in the form of a hood.

Leaving the sections of the plug-in or screw connections 4 led out; 5 accordingly the support and receiving body 1 is surrounded on all sides by the cooling surface which is close to the housing and rests on the housing surface.

The cooling surface, or the hood 7, is supported with its inner sides partially on the webs which are designed to guide the gas flow on the outer surface of the relevant half-shell.

On the one hand, this embodiment achieves the necessary mechanical stability. On the other hand, the gas flow remains unhindered and can come into intimate contact with the cooling surface.

The casing 7 or the corresponding hood can be connected together with the corresponding half-shells. In this regard, there are through openings 9 and 10 or 11 and 12 which receive screws or rivets.

The cooling surface embodied as a jacket can have stampings 13 that increase stability.

According to the embodiment according to Figures 4 to 6 there is a further development of the cooling surface designed as a jacket. In the example after the Figures 4 to 6 a metallic hood 14 is assumed.

This metallic hood 14 has a fastening tab 15 on its front and back.

Furthermore, an inverted body 16 is present.

This can be pushed onto the support and receiving body in its front lower area.

From the sequence of Figures 4 to 6 It can be seen that the everting body 16 with the bevels 17 provided there overlaps the respective fastening tabs 15 of the hood 14 and additionally secures them. Bores or recesses 20; 21 are now used to positively connect the aforementioned parts and the resulting arrangement.

In this exemplary embodiment, too, there are webs 8 on which the cooling surface 14, which is designed as a casing, can be supported without the gas flow that occurs after the ignition of an arc is disturbed.

If, as in the Figures 4 to 6 As shown, when the casing is formed from a metallic material according to the hood 14, the material itself is electrically conductive, an insulating intermediate layer 22 is arranged between the support and receiving body 1 and the hood 14, which can be implemented, for example, as a U-shaped development.

In addition to an embossing that increases stability, as already described, the outer sides of the sheathing can have a structuring to enlarge the surface that is relevant on the heat side. Such a structure 23 is in the Figures 4 to 6 indicated.

Claims (10)

1. A non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap, comprising horn electrodes, a deion chamber, and a multi-part insulating material housing as a supporting and receiving body (1) for the horn electrodes and the deion chamber (2), and means for conducting the arc-induced gas flow, the insulating material housing being divided in the plane (3) spanned by the horn electrodes and including two half shells, and comprising plug or screw connections (4; 5) led through on the end face;
   characterized in that
   the insulating material housing is surrounded on all sides by a cooling surface (7; 14) which is near the housing, rests against the housing surface and is in the form of a sheathing, while leaving free the sections of the plug or screw connections (4; 5) led through,
   the cooling surface (7; 14) being at least partly supported on webs (8) which are configured to conduct the gas flow on the outer surface of the half shells.
2. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the cooling surface (7; 14) formed as a sheathing is jointly connected to the half shells.
3. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the cooling surface (7; 14) formed as a sheathing has stability-enhancing beads or embossings (13; 23).
4. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the sheathing consists of a material that is a good thermal conductor.
5. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   on the end face end of the plug or screw connections (4; 5) led through, a slip body (16) can be slid onto the half shells and at least partly overlays at least one fastening lug (15), the at least one fastening lug (15) being a component part of the sheathing.
6. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   in the covering region of the slip body (16) overlaying the fastening lug, drilled holes or recesses (20; 21) are formed for connecting in a force-locking manner.
7. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   when the sheathing (14) is formed from an electrically conductive material, an insulating layer (22) is arranged between the outer surfaces of the half shells and the sheathing.
8. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the outer faces of the sheathing have a structuring (23) to enlarge the surface relevant on the heat side.
9. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of claims 5 to 8,
   characterized in that
   the slip body (16) has a wedge inclination (17) for an easier overlaying of the fastening lugs (15).
10. The non-rotationally symmetrical horn spark gap according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the sheathing is in the form of a hood that can be slid on.

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