EP3672785A1 - Alternative joining method - Google Patents
Alternative joining methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP3672785A1 EP3672785A1 EP18759298.5A EP18759298A EP3672785A1 EP 3672785 A1 EP3672785 A1 EP 3672785A1 EP 18759298 A EP18759298 A EP 18759298A EP 3672785 A1 EP3672785 A1 EP 3672785A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molded part
- fibers
- sonotrode
- fiber
- surface pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011226 reinforced ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005184 irreversible process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
- B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
- B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
- B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
- B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
- B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30322—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of rugosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
- B29C66/452—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles the article having a disc form, e.g. making CDs or DVDs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
- B29C66/73161—Roughness or rugosity
- B29C66/73162—Roughness or rugosity of different roughness or rugosity, i.e. the roughness or rugosity of the surface of one of the parts to be joined being different from the roughness or rugosity of the surface of the other part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/735—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7352—Thickness, e.g. very thin
- B29C66/73521—Thickness, e.g. very thin of different thickness, i.e. the thickness of one of the parts to be joined being different from the thickness of the other part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
- B29C66/7461—Ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
- B29C66/7461—Ceramics
- B29C66/74611—Carbides; Nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
- B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
- B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
- B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
- B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/16—Frictional elements, e.g. brake or clutch linings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/709—Articles shaped in a closed loop, e.g. conveyor belts
- B29L2031/7096—Rings or ring-like articles
Definitions
- the invention relates to an alternative joining method and to the use of the molded part produced in the alternative joining method in drive and connection technology.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an alternative joining method.
- the object is achieved by a method for joining molded parts, wherein at least one first molded part is a thermoplastic and at least one second molded part is a duroplastic or a ceramic and the second molded part has a structured surface, characterized by the following steps:
- a) provide first and second molded parts stacked in an alternating sequence b) apply a surface pressure and ultrasonically vibrate the sonotrode or ultrasonically vibrate the sonotrode and apply a surface pressure, dissolved.
- an adhesive is understood as meaning a material which can bond joining parts by means of joining adhesion and internal strength (DIN EN 923).
- the structured surface is understood as meaning a surface which has a suitable surface structure (eg roughness or macroscopic structures such as pyramids (see Figure 1). The roughness is given according to VDI 3400 12-45. Due to the structuring as well as the material selection, the second shaped part has frictional properties. With the help of a sonotrode, which presses on both joining partners (first and second shaped part) by a surface pressure, the boundary surfaces between the joining partners heat up as a result of the oscillation.
- the energy is concentrated, which leads to a targeted heating in the first molded part.
- the damping coefficient increases in the first molded part (the thermoplastic), which leads to increased internal friction and is therefore associated with an accelerated temperature rise.
- the melting temperature of the first molded part (thermoplastic) is exceeded, a melt flow occurs in the structured surface of the second molded part, which leads to an inner clawing of the two joining parts. After cooling and solidification of the melt, both parts are welded together form fit.
- thermoset is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, thermosetting polyurethanes, epoxies, thermosetting polyesters, vinyl esters and any mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned thermosets, preferably phenoplasts or epoxides, more preferably phenoplasts selected.
- the ceramic is selected from the group of silicon carbides or carbon.
- the structured surface of the second molded part preferably has a roughness of Ra: 1-100 ⁇ m, Rk: 4-150 ⁇ m, Rpk: 1-50 ⁇ m, and Rz: 20-300 ⁇ m.
- Ra is the arithmetic mean
- Rk the kernel roughness
- Rpk the reduced peak height, which means an average height of the peaks protruding from the roughness kernel profile
- Rz the average roughness depth.
- the roughness is measured by means of a stylus method according to DIN EN ISO 4287: 2010. With too low roughness, that is, at Ra ⁇ 1 ⁇ , Rk ⁇ 4 ⁇ , Rpk ⁇ 1 ⁇ and Rz ⁇ 20 ⁇ the energy input is not bundled by means of ultrasound.
- the first molded part is not softened and thus can not be pressed into the structure of the second molded part, which in turn means that an insufficient adhesion is produced.
- the second molded part is destroyed, which is an irreversible process. Another consequence is that due to the destroyed surface no defined frictional properties are no longer present.
- the first molded part has a thickness of ⁇ 25 mm.
- the second molded part has a thickness of 0.1-2.5 mm, preferably 0.2-1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.3-1 mm.
- the surface pressure in step b) is applied by the sonotrode or an abutment.
- the surface pressure is in the range of 6-60 bar, preferably 10-50 bar, more preferably 40-50 bar.
- the duration of the ultrasonic vibrations in step c) is 0.05-3 s, preferably 0.2-0.6 s, particularly preferably 0.3-0.4 s.
- the second molded part is a fiber-reinforced thermoset or a fiber-reinforced ceramic.
- the fiber-reinforced thermosetting plastic has a degree of crosslinking between 40 and 100%. Preferably between 60-80%.
- the structuring of the surface is in this case caused by a suitable selection of the fiber volume content, which is described by the ratio of fiber to matrix, the pressure during consolidation and the textile architecture.
- textile architecture is understood to mean a plain weave and / or twill weave, with a twine having a tex fineness of 50-200 being used as the warp and weft yarn.
- the warp and weft density is in the range 7-18 / cm are.
- the fiber volume ratio is 35-55%, preferably 40-48%, particularly preferably 44-46%.
- the fiber reinforcement is selected from the group of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, highly crosslinked polymer fibers, cellulose fibers, basalt fibers or mixtures thereof, preferably carbon fibers.
- the moldings produced according to the invention produced can be used as a friction element in the drive and connection technology.
- the use temperature between -20-140 ° C, preferably 10-50 ° C, more preferably 15-25 ° C.
- the temperature must not exceed the melting point of the first molded part at too low temperatures, ie below the operating temperature a delamination occurs due to the cold brittleness of the assembled component.
- Figure 1 shows in cross section various macroscopic structures of the surface Figure 2 shows in cross section, the structure of the alternative joining method
- Figure 3 shows in cross section a section of the structure of the alternative joining method
- FIG. 4 shows in cross-section the joining of the molded parts (1, 2)
- FIG. 5 shows schematically the roughness of a structured surface
- Figure 1 shows in cross-section various possible macroscopic structures, such as half-lips, semi-circles, acute-angled triangles or equilateral triangles. Combinations of these macroscopic structures are also possible within the scope of the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows, in cross-section, the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it.
- FIG. 3 shows in cross-section a section of the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it.
- the molded part (2) has a structured surface (5).
- Figure 4 shows in cross section, which is pressed by the ultrasonically vibrated sonotrode (3), the softened first molded part (1) by the applied surface force in the structured surface of the second molded part (2).
- FIG. 5 shows schematically the roughness of a structured surface, as can be measured by means of a profilometer. The roughness may be stochastically distributed over the surface.
- a first molded part with the dimensions (inside diameter: 20 mm outside diameter: 27 mm thickness: 2.2 mm) and second part shape with the dimensions (inside diameter: 21 mm outside diameter: 26 mm thickness: 0.4 mm) is below provided the sonotrode stacked, wherein the second molded part is below the first molded part.
- the first molded part consists of polyamide 6.6.
- the second molded part is made of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin.
- the sonotrode is driven with a defined surface pressure of 40 bar on the stacked moldings and then mixed for 0.2 s in ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 30 kHz. Subsequently, the sonotrode is driven by the moldings and the assembled moldings can be removed. Both the friction and adhesion properties are identical to those of a bonded product, but the process time has been improved by 30 decades.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an alternative joining method and to the use of the shaped part produced by means of the alternative joining method in drive technology and connection technology.
Description
Alternatives Fügeverfahren Die Erfindung betrifft einen alternatives Fügeverfahren und der Verwendung des mit dem alternativen Fügeverfahren hergestellten Formteils in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik. Alternative Joining Method The invention relates to an alternative joining method and to the use of the molded part produced in the alternative joining method in drive and connection technology.
Es ist bekannt Formteile, wie Reibbeläge und Trägermaterial mit einem Klebstoff, bei- spielsweise ein Reaktivharz, zu versehen und anschließend durch Druck und Temperatur miteinander zu verbinden, wobei durch die Vernetzungsreaktion die Formteile miteinander verbunden werden (DE10201 1018286A1 ). It is known to provide molded parts, such as friction linings and carrier material, with an adhesive, for example a reactive resin, and then to join them together by pressure and temperature, the shaped parts being connected to one another by the crosslinking reaction (DE102011018286A1).
Nachteilig dabei ist, dass zum einen durch den Klebstoff die Handhabung erschwert und der Prozess durch die Härtungsreaktion bei erhöhter Temperatur (>150°C) zeitauf- wendig ist. Zudem bringen Klebstoffe auch Sicherheitsrisiken mit sich. The disadvantage here is that, on the one hand, the handling of the adhesive makes handling more difficult and the process is time-consuming due to the curing reaction at elevated temperature (> 150 ° C.). In addition, adhesives also bring with it safety risks.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher, ein alternatives Fügeverfahren bereitzustellen. Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Fügen von Formteilen, wobei mindestens ein erstes Formteil ein Thermoplast ist und mindestens ein zweites Formteil ein Duroplast oder eine Keramik ist und das zweite Formteil eine strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist, durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet: The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an alternative joining method. The object is achieved by a method for joining molded parts, wherein at least one first molded part is a thermoplastic and at least one second molded part is a duroplastic or a ceramic and the second molded part has a structured surface, characterized by the following steps:
a) erstes und zweites Formteil in abwechselnder Reihenfolge gestapelt bereitstellen b) aufbringen einer Flächenpressung und Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingung versetzen oder Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzen und aufbringen einer Flächenpressung, gelöst. a) provide first and second molded parts stacked in an alternating sequence b) apply a surface pressure and ultrasonically vibrate the sonotrode or ultrasonically vibrate the sonotrode and apply a surface pressure, dissolved.
Durch das Verfahren werden die Formteile miteinander verbunden, ohne dass ein Kleb- stoff benötigt wird. Unter einem Klebstoff wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung ein Werkstoff verstanden, der Fügeteile durch Fügehaftung und innere Festigkeit verbinden kann (DIN EN 923). Unter der strukturierten Oberfläche wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung eine Oberfläche verstanden, die eine geeignete Oberflächenstruktur (z.B. Rauigkeit
oder makroskopische Strukturen wie beispielsweise Pyramiden (siehe Figur 1 ) aufweist. Die Rauigkeit wird nach der VDI 3400 12-45 angegeben. Das zweite Formteil weist bedingt durch die Strukturierung als auch die Werkstoffauswahl Reibeigenschaften auf. Mit Hilfe einer Sonotrode, welche durch eine Flächenpressung auf beide Fügepartner (erstes und zweites Formteil) drückt, kommt es in Folge der Schwingung zur Erwärmung der Grenzflächen zwischen den Fügepartnern. The process connects the molded parts without the need for an adhesive. In the context of this invention, an adhesive is understood as meaning a material which can bond joining parts by means of joining adhesion and internal strength (DIN EN 923). In the context of this invention, the structured surface is understood as meaning a surface which has a suitable surface structure (eg roughness or macroscopic structures such as pyramids (see Figure 1). The roughness is given according to VDI 3400 12-45. Due to the structuring as well as the material selection, the second shaped part has frictional properties. With the help of a sonotrode, which presses on both joining partners (first and second shaped part) by a surface pressure, the boundary surfaces between the joining partners heat up as a result of the oscillation.
Durch die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils wird die Energie gebündelt, was zu einer gezielten Erwärmung im ersten Formteil führt. Bedingt durch die Erwär- mung steigt der Dämpfungskoeffizient im ersten Formteil (dem Thermoplast), was zu einer erhöhten inneren Reibung führt und damit mit einem beschleunigten Temperaturanstieg verbunden ist. Beim Überschreiten der Schmelztemperatur des ersten Formteils (Thermoplasts) kommt es zu einem Schmelzefluß in die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils, was zu einem Inneinanderkrallen beider Fügeteile führt. Nach dem Abkühlen und Erstarren der Schmelze sind beide Teile miteinander formschlüssig verschweißt. Durch eine geeignete Wahl der Prozessparameter kommt es zu keiner Beeinträchtigung der Reibeigenschaften der Funktionsfläche. Due to the structured surface of the second molded part, the energy is concentrated, which leads to a targeted heating in the first molded part. As a result of the heating, the damping coefficient increases in the first molded part (the thermoplastic), which leads to increased internal friction and is therefore associated with an accelerated temperature rise. When the melting temperature of the first molded part (thermoplastic) is exceeded, a melt flow occurs in the structured surface of the second molded part, which leads to an inner clawing of the two joining parts. After cooling and solidification of the melt, both parts are welded together form fit. By a suitable choice of the process parameters, there is no impairment of the friction properties of the functional surface.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das Duroplast aus der Gruppe Phenoplasten, duroplastischen Polyurethanen, Epoxiden, duroplastischen Polyestern, Vinylestern und beliebigen Mischungen aus zwei oder mehr der vorgenannten Duroplasten besteht, bevorzugt Phenoplasten oder Epoxide, besonders bevorzugt Phenoplasten ausgewählt. Advantageously, the thermoset is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, thermosetting polyurethanes, epoxies, thermosetting polyesters, vinyl esters and any mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned thermosets, preferably phenoplasts or epoxides, more preferably phenoplasts selected.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Keramik aus der Gruppe der Siliciumcarbide oder der Koh- lenstoffe gewählt. Advantageously, the ceramic is selected from the group of silicon carbides or carbon.
Vorzugsweise weist die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils eine Rauigkeit von Ra: 1 - 100 μπτι, Rk: 4 - 150 μηη, Rpk: 1 - 50 μηη und Rz: 20-300 μηη auf. Ra ist der arithmetische Mittelwert, Rk die Kernrautiefe, Rpk die reduzierte Spitzenhöhe, was einer gemittelten Höhe der aus dem Rauheitskernprofil herausragenden Spitzen bedeutet und Rz die gemittelte Rautiefe. Gemessen wird die Rauigkeit mittels Tastschnittverfahren nach DIN EN ISO 4287:2010.
Bei einer zu geringen Rauigkeit, das heißt, bei Ra <1 μητι, Rk <4 μητι, bei Rpk <1 μηη und Rz < 20 μηη wird der Energieeintrag mittels Ultraschall nicht gebündelt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass das erste Formteil nicht erweicht wird und somit nicht in die Struktur des zweiten Formteils gedrückt werden kann, was wiederum bedeutet, dass eine unzu- reichende Haftung erzeugt wird. Darüber hinaus wird über die Dauer der Ultraschallbehandlung das zweite Formteil zerstört, wobei es sich um einen irreversiblen Prozess handelt. Eine weitere Folge ist, dass aufgrund der zerstörten Oberfläche keine definierten Reibeigenschaften mehr vorhanden sind. The structured surface of the second molded part preferably has a roughness of Ra: 1-100 μm, Rk: 4-150 μm, Rpk: 1-50 μm, and Rz: 20-300 μm. Ra is the arithmetic mean, Rk the kernel roughness, Rpk the reduced peak height, which means an average height of the peaks protruding from the roughness kernel profile, and Rz the average roughness depth. The roughness is measured by means of a stylus method according to DIN EN ISO 4287: 2010. With too low roughness, that is, at Ra <1 μητι, Rk <4 μητι, Rpk <1 μηη and Rz <20 μηη the energy input is not bundled by means of ultrasound. This has the consequence that the first molded part is not softened and thus can not be pressed into the structure of the second molded part, which in turn means that an insufficient adhesion is produced. In addition, over the duration of the ultrasonic treatment, the second molded part is destroyed, which is an irreversible process. Another consequence is that due to the destroyed surface no defined frictional properties are no longer present.
Bei einer zu hohen Rauigkeit, das heißt, bei Ra >100 μιτι, Rk >150 μιτι, bei Rpk >50 μιτι und Rz > 300 μιτι passen die Formteile nicht mehr zusammen und es wird nur eine unzureichende Haftung erreicht. At too high a roughness, that is, at Ra> 100 μιτι, Rk> 150 μιτι, Rpk> 50 μιτι and Rz> 300 μιτι fit the moldings no longer together and it is achieved only insufficient adhesion.
Vorteilhafterweise weist das erste Formteil eine Dicke von <25 mm auf. Advantageously, the first molded part has a thickness of <25 mm.
Bei einer Dicke von mehr als 25 mm ist ein Durchdringen des Ultraschalles unzu- reichend. At a thickness of more than 25 mm penetration of the ultrasound is insufficient.
Vorzugsweise weist das zweite Formteil eine Dicke, von 0,1 - 2,5 mm, bevorzugt 0,2- 1 ,5 mm, besonders bevorzugt 0,3 - 1 mm auf. Preferably, the second molded part has a thickness of 0.1-2.5 mm, preferably 0.2-1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.3-1 mm.
Bei einer Dicke von kleiner als 0,1 mm wird das Handhabung als auch die Einstellung der Rauigkeit erschwert. With a thickness of less than 0.1 mm, the handling and the adjustment of the roughness is made more difficult.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Flächenpressung in Schritt b) durch die Sonotrode oder ein Widerlager aufgebracht. Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Flächenpressung im Bereich von 6-60 bar, bevorzugt 10-50 bar, besonders bevorzugt 40-50 bar. Advantageously, the surface pressure in step b) is applied by the sonotrode or an abutment. Advantageously, the surface pressure is in the range of 6-60 bar, preferably 10-50 bar, more preferably 40-50 bar.
Bei einer Flächenpressung von < 6 bar wird keine ausreichende Haftung erzeugt. At a surface pressure of <6 bar, sufficient adhesion is not generated.
Bei einer Flächenkraft von > 60 bar können zwei Effekte auftreten. Zum einen kommt es zu einer Zerstörung des Reibbelages und zum anderen dringt der Reibbelag zu tief und inhomogen in das erste Bauteil ein.
Vorteilhafterweise beträgt die Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen in Schritt c) bei 0,05 - 3 s, bevorzugt 0,2 - 0,6 s, besonders bevorzugt 0,3 - 0,4 s. With a surface force of> 60 bar, two effects can occur. On the one hand, there is a destruction of the friction lining and on the other hand, the friction lining penetrates too deep and inhomogeneous in the first component. Advantageously, the duration of the ultrasonic vibrations in step c) is 0.05-3 s, preferably 0.2-0.6 s, particularly preferably 0.3-0.4 s.
Bei einer Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen von < 0,05 s erfolgt kein Erweichen bzw. Anschmelzen des ersten Bauteiles. Es tritt somit nicht der erfindungsgemäße Effekt ei- ner klebstofffreien Haftung auf. Bei > 3s Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen ist die Prozessstabilität nicht mehr gewährleistet. With a duration of the ultrasonic vibrations of <0.05 s, no softening or melting of the first component takes place. Thus, the effect according to the invention of an adhesive-free adhesion does not occur. At> 3s duration of the ultrasonic vibrations process stability is no longer guaranteed.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das zweite Formteil ein faserverstärktes Duroplast oder eine faserverstärkte Keramik. According to a further preferred embodiment, the second molded part is a fiber-reinforced thermoset or a fiber-reinforced ceramic.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung weißt das faserverstärkte Duroplast einen Vernetzungsgrad zwischen 40 und 100 % auf. Bevorzugt zwischen 60-80 %. In the context of the invention, the fiber-reinforced thermosetting plastic has a degree of crosslinking between 40 and 100%. Preferably between 60-80%.
Die Strukturierung der Oberfläche wird hierbei durch eine geeignete Auswahl des Faservolumengehaltes hervorgerufen, welches durch das Verhältnis von Faser zu Matrix beschrieben wird, dem Pressdruck während der Konsolidierung sowie die textile Archi- tektur. The structuring of the surface is in this case caused by a suitable selection of the fiber volume content, which is described by the ratio of fiber to matrix, the pressure during consolidation and the textile architecture.
Unter der textilen Architektur wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung eine Leinwandbindung oder /und Köperbindung verstanden, wobei als Kett- und Schußgarn ein Zwirn mit einer tex Feinheit von 50-200 verwendet wird. Die Kett- und Schußdichte liegt im Bereich 7- 18 /cm liegen. In the context of this invention, textile architecture is understood to mean a plain weave and / or twill weave, with a twine having a tex fineness of 50-200 being used as the warp and weft yarn. The warp and weft density is in the range 7-18 / cm are.
Vorteilhafterweise beträgt das Faservolumenverhältnis 35-55 %, bevorzugt 40-48%, besonders bevorzugt 44-46 %. Advantageously, the fiber volume ratio is 35-55%, preferably 40-48%, particularly preferably 44-46%.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Faserverstärkung aus der Gruppe Carbonfasern, Glasfasern, Aramidfasern, hochvernetzte Polymerfasern, Zellulosefasern, Basaltfasern oder Mischungen davon, bevorzugt Carbonfasern ausgewählt wird. Advantageously, the fiber reinforcement is selected from the group of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, highly crosslinked polymer fibers, cellulose fibers, basalt fibers or mixtures thereof, preferably carbon fibers.
Das erfindungsgemäße hergestellte Formteile hergestellt kann als Reibelement in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik verwendet werden.
Vorteilhafterweise liegt die Einsatztemperatur zwischen -20 - 140°C, bevorzugt 10-50 °C, besonders bevorzugt 15-25 °C. Dabei darf für das Einsatzspektrum die Temperatur nicht über dem Schmelzpunkt des ersten Formteiles liegen bei zu niedrigen Temperaturen, d.h. unter der Einsatztemperatur folgt eine Delaminierung bedingt durch die Kalt- sprödigkeit des verfügten Bauteils. The moldings produced according to the invention produced can be used as a friction element in the drive and connection technology. Advantageously, the use temperature between -20-140 ° C, preferably 10-50 ° C, more preferably 15-25 ° C. For the range of applications, the temperature must not exceed the melting point of the first molded part at too low temperatures, ie below the operating temperature a delamination occurs due to the cold brittleness of the assembled component.
Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Die Erfindung wird durch die Figuren nicht beschränkt. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described purely by way of example with reference to advantageous embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention is not limited by the figures.
Figur 1 zeigt im Querschnitt verschiedene makroskopische Strukturen der Oberfläche Figur 2 zeigt im Querschnitt, den Aufbau des alternativen Fügeverfahrens Figure 1 shows in cross section various macroscopic structures of the surface Figure 2 shows in cross section, the structure of the alternative joining method
Figur 3 zeigt im Querschnitt einen Ausschnitt des Aufbaus des alternativen Fügeverfahrens Figure 3 shows in cross section a section of the structure of the alternative joining method
Figur 4 zeigt im Querschnitt das Fügen der Formteile (1 ,2) FIG. 4 shows in cross-section the joining of the molded parts (1, 2)
Figur 5 zeigt schematisch die Rauigkeit einer strukturierten Oberfläche FIG. 5 shows schematically the roughness of a structured surface
Figur 1 zeigt im Querschnitt verschiedene mögliche makroskopische Strukturen, wie Halbelipsen, Halbkreise, spitzwinkelige Dreiecke oder gleichseitige Dreiecke. Im Rah- men der Erfindung sind auch Kombinationen aus diesen makroskopischen Strukturen möglich. Figure 1 shows in cross-section various possible macroscopic structures, such as half-lips, semi-circles, acute-angled triangles or equilateral triangles. Combinations of these macroscopic structures are also possible within the scope of the invention.
Figur 2 zeigt im Querschnitt die in die Halterung (4) eingelegten Formteile (1 ,2) und die darüber befindliche Sonotrode (3). FIG. 2 shows, in cross-section, the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it.
Figur 3 zeigt im Querschnitt einen Ausschnitt der die Halterung (4) eingelegten Form- teile (1 ,2) und die darüber befindliche Sonotrode (3). Das Formteil (2) weist eine strukturierte Oberfläche (5) auf. FIG. 3 shows in cross-section a section of the molded parts (1, 2) inserted in the holder (4) and the sonotrode (3) located above it. The molded part (2) has a structured surface (5).
Figur 4 zeigt im Querschnitt, das durch die in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzte Sonotrode (3), das erweichte erste Formteil (1 ) durch die anliegende Flächenkraft in die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils (2) gedrückt wird. Figure 4 shows in cross section, which is pressed by the ultrasonically vibrated sonotrode (3), the softened first molded part (1) by the applied surface force in the structured surface of the second molded part (2).
Nach Beendigung der Ultraschallbehandlung erstarrt das erweichte Formteil (1 ) sofort, so dass das verfügte Bauteil sofort entnommen werden kann.
Figur 5 zeigt schematisch die Rauigkeit einer strukturierten Oberfläche, wie sie mittels eines Profilometers gemessen werden kann. Die Rauigkeit kann über die Oberfläche stochastisch verteilt vorliegen. Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert, wobei das Ausführungsbeispiel keine Einschränkung der Erfindung darstellt. After completion of the ultrasonic treatment, the softened molded part (1) solidifies immediately, so that the disposed component can be removed immediately. FIG. 5 shows schematically the roughness of a structured surface, as can be measured by means of a profilometer. The roughness may be stochastically distributed over the surface. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to an embodiment, wherein the embodiment is not limiting the invention.
Ausführungsbeispiel : Exemplary embodiment:
Ein erstes Formteil mit den Maßen (Durchmesser innen: 20 mm Durchmesser außen:27 mm Dicke: 2,2 mm) und zweites Formteil mit den Maßen (Durchmesser innen: 21 mm Durchmesser außen:26 mm Dicke: 0,4 mm) wird unterhalb der Sonotrode gestapelt bereitgestellt, wobei das zweite Formteil unterhalb des ersten Formteils liegt. Das erste Formteil besteht aus Polyamid 6.6. Das zweite Formteil besteht aus kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Phenolharz. Die Sonotrode wird mit einer definierten Flächenpressung von 40 bar auf die gestapelten Formteile gefahren und anschließend für 0,2 s in Ultraschallschwingungen mit einer Frequenz von 30 kHz versetzt. Anschließend wird die Sonotrode von den Formteilen gefahren und die miteinander gefügten Formteile können entnommen werden. Sowohl die Reibeigenschaften als auch die Haftungseigenschaften sind mit denen eines geklebten Produktes identisch, aber die Prozesszeit konnte um 30 Dekaden verbessert werden. A first molded part with the dimensions (inside diameter: 20 mm outside diameter: 27 mm thickness: 2.2 mm) and second part shape with the dimensions (inside diameter: 21 mm outside diameter: 26 mm thickness: 0.4 mm) is below provided the sonotrode stacked, wherein the second molded part is below the first molded part. The first molded part consists of polyamide 6.6. The second molded part is made of carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resin. The sonotrode is driven with a defined surface pressure of 40 bar on the stacked moldings and then mixed for 0.2 s in ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of 30 kHz. Subsequently, the sonotrode is driven by the moldings and the assembled moldings can be removed. Both the friction and adhesion properties are identical to those of a bonded product, but the process time has been improved by 30 decades.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 erstes Formteil 1 first molded part
2 zweites Formteil 2 second molding
3 Sonotrode 3 sonotrode
4 Halterung 4 bracket
5 strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils
5 structured surface of the second molding
Claims
1. Verfahren zum Fügen von Formteilen, wobei mindestens ein erstes Formteil ein Thermoplast ist und mindestens ein zweites Formteil ein Duroplast oder eine Keramik ist und das zweite Formteil eine strukturierte Oberfläche aufweist, durch folgende Schritte gekennzeichnet: a) erstes und zweites Formteil in abwechselnder Reihenfolge gestapelt bereitstellen 1. A method for joining molded parts, wherein at least a first molded part is a thermoplastic and at least one second molded part is a thermosetting plastic or a ceramic and the second molded part has a structured surface, characterized by the following steps: a) first and second molded part in an alternating sequence deploy stacked
b) aufbringen einer Flächenpressung und Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingung versetzen oder Sonotrode in Ultraschallschwingungen versetzen und aufbringen einer Flächenpressung. b) apply a surface pressure and sonotrode in ultrasonic vibration or sonotrode in ultrasonic vibrations and apply a surface pressure.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Duroplast aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Phenoplasten, duroplastischen Polyurethanen, Epoxi- den, duroplastischen Polyestern, Vinylestern und beliebigen Mischungen aus zwei oder mehr der vorgenannten Duroplasten ausgewählt wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoset is selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, thermosetting polyurethanes, epoxies, thermosetting polyesters, vinyl esters and any mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned thermosets.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Keramik aus der Gruppe der Siliciumcarbide oder Kohlenstoffe ausgewählt wird. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic is selected from the group of silicon carbides or carbons.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass weist die strukturierte Oberfläche des zweiten Formteils eine Rauigkeit von Ra: 1 - 100 μηη, Rk: 4 - 150 μ, Rpk: 1- 50 μηι und Rz: 20-300 μηι aufweist. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the structured surface of the second molded part has a roughness of Ra: 1 to 100 μηη, Rk: 4 to 150 μ, Rpk: 1 to 50 μηι and Rz: 20 to 300 μηι.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Formteil eine Dicke von < 25mm aufweist. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first molded part has a thickness of <25mm.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Formteil, eine Dicke, von 0,1 - 2,5 mm aufweist.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second molded part, has a thickness of 0.1 - 2.5 mm.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenpressung in Schritt b) durch die Sonotrode oder ein Widerlager aufgebracht wird. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface pressure in step b) is applied by the sonotrode or an abutment.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenpressung im Bereich von 6 -60 bar liegt. 8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the surface pressure is in the range of 6 -60 bar.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch kennzeichnet, dass die Dauer der Ultraschallschwingungen in Schritt c) bei 0,05 - 3 s. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the duration of the ultrasonic vibrations in step c) at 0.05 - 3 s.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Formteil ein faserverstärktes Duroplast oder eine faserverstärkte Keramik ist. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second molded part is a fiber-reinforced thermoset or a fiber-reinforced ceramic.
1 1 . Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Faservolumenverhältnis 35-55% beträgt. 1 1. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that the fiber volume ratio is 35-55%.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Faserverstärkung aus der Gruppe Carbonfasern, Glasfasern, Aramidfasern, hochvernetzte Polymerfasern, Zellulosefasern, Basaltfasern oder Mischungen davon ausgewählt wird. 12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the fiber reinforcement is selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, highly crosslinked polymer fibers, cellulose fibers, basalt fibers or mixtures thereof.
13. Verwendung eines Formteiles hergestellt nach einem Verfahren gemäß der Ansprüche 1-12 als Reibelement in der Antriebs- und Verbindungstechnik. 13. Use of a molded article produced by a method according to claims 1-12 as a friction element in the drive and connection technology.
14. Verwendung eines Formteils nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsatztemperatur zwischen -20 - 140°C liegt.
14. Use of a molding according to claim 13, characterized in that the use temperature is between -20 - 140 ° C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017214778.4A DE102017214778A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2017-08-23 | Alternative joining method |
| PCT/EP2018/072716 WO2019038356A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Alternative joining method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3672785A1 true EP3672785A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18759298.5A Withdrawn EP3672785A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | Alternative joining method |
Country Status (4)
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| US (1) | US20210138738A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3672785A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102017214778A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019038356A1 (en) |
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| CN115823151B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-20 | 西安超码科技有限公司 | Sandwich-structured carbon/ceramic brake disc |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10313611A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-07 | Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co | Flat composite product comprises partly cross-linked thermosetting resin part and fiber reinforced thermoplastic part joined by heat generation at the interface |
| US6997777B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2006-02-14 | Cabot Microelectronics Corporation | Ultrasonic welding method for the manufacture of a polishing pad comprising an optically transmissive region |
| JP4753756B2 (en) * | 2005-07-28 | 2011-08-24 | 京セラ株式会社 | Resin-ceramic bonded body and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20110232826A1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Production method for ceramic-resin composite |
| DE102011018286B4 (en) | 2011-04-20 | 2018-11-22 | Hoerbiger Antriebstechnik Holding Gmbh | Method for producing a friction element |
| KR102412824B1 (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2022-06-23 | 부트벨딩 에스아 | Method and assembly for reinforcing material |
| DE102012221605A1 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-05-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for connecting two components and component assembly |
| DE102015214496A1 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-02-02 | Sgl Carbon Se | Nassreibmaterial |
| US10035216B2 (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2018-07-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method of joining multiple components and an assembly thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-08-23 DE DE102017214778.4A patent/DE102017214778A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-08-23 US US16/621,803 patent/US20210138738A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-08-23 EP EP18759298.5A patent/EP3672785A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-08-23 WO PCT/EP2018/072716 patent/WO2019038356A1/en unknown
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| DE102017214778A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
| US20210138738A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
| WO2019038356A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
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