EP3671706A1 - Method for adjusting the colorimetry parameters of a display device - Google Patents
Method for adjusting the colorimetry parameters of a display device Download PDFInfo
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- EP3671706A1 EP3671706A1 EP19214880.7A EP19214880A EP3671706A1 EP 3671706 A1 EP3671706 A1 EP 3671706A1 EP 19214880 A EP19214880 A EP 19214880A EP 3671706 A1 EP3671706 A1 EP 3671706A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465805 Nymphalidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/006—Electronic inspection or testing of displays and display drivers, e.g. of LED or LCD displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0242—Compensation of deficiencies in the appearance of colours
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0693—Calibration of display systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
- G09G2360/14—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
- G09G2360/145—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen
- G09G2360/147—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light originating from the display screen the originated light output being determined for each pixel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
- G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
Definitions
- the general technical field of the invention is that of display devices for applications requiring very high colorimetric and photometric performances.
- the preferred field of the invention is that of aeronautical dashboards.
- a dashboard In the aeronautical field, a dashboard has several display screens.
- the colorimetry and luminance of the images displayed on these screens are subject to very specific requirements so that the crew members always have the same image quality. In particular, the continuity of the gradations between the different colors must be perfectly ensured. Furthermore, when a display screen is replaced, it is essential that this replacement be done while maintaining the same color and photometric requirements.
- a colored pixel of a screen conventionally comprises a triplet of colored sub pixels, a first red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel and a third blue sub-pixel.
- Each sub-pixel can take 255 values. Therefore, potentially, each pixel can have 255 3 levels of color or luminance, or just over 16 million levels. It is of course impossible to make an individualized correction for each level which would require a colossal amount of preliminary measurements and very large capacities for storing the necessary corrections on each on-board display device.
- each color is defined by a triplet (X, Y, Z) or a triplet (X Y Z).
- the triplet (u ' w , v' w , Y w ) corresponds to the color coordinates of white.
- MacAdam ellipse EMA
- EMA MacAdam ellipse
- four MacAdam ellipses are represented on the figure 1 . These ellipses are enlarged 10 times in this figure.
- the method according to the invention is based on this property.
- the color correction does not have to be perfect. It is enough that this correction is sufficiently precise to enter the criteria of MacAdam.
- the second plurality of calibration control triplets comprises a group of control triplets corresponding to specific colors, said group being taken into account, in step 5, in the calculation of the corrections applied to the control triplets of the measurement device. visualization.
- the corrections are inversely proportional to the distances separating the triplet emitted from the specific colors, the distances being measured in the first color space.
- the first color space is the space (R, G, B) and that the second color space is the CIE 1976 space.
- the first plurality is equal to 255 3 and that the second plurality is between 10,000 and 15,000.
- the method for adjusting the photometric and colorimetric parameters applies to a display device composed of bright colored dots.
- Each point consists of a triplet of colored pixels.
- Each point can take a number N of triplets of command values.
- this number N is equal to 255 3 , that is to say a little more than 16.5 million values.
- the triplets are referenced in a first color space.
- this space is space (R, G, B).
- Each triplet of control values corresponds to a triplet of emission color values, said triplets of color values being referenced in a second color space. This space is the color space (u ', v', L) as defined above.
- the method requires a reference display device, a measurement and calibration bench comprising colorimetric and photometric measurement means, means for memorizing the collected data and means for processing said data in order to extract the calibration corrections to be applied to it. some specific color points.
- the display device must also include means for storing the calibration corrections and calculation means for calculating the correction to be applied to any color triplet received as a function of the calibration corrections.
- the method according to the invention comprises several steps detailed below.
- the first three steps are implemented on the optical bench. They consist in determining the corrections to be made to a certain number of colorimetric triplets for calibration.
- the following steps are implemented in the display device itself when it is operating. They consist in applying, in real time, from the previous correction data, the corrections to be applied to any color triplet emitted.
- the first step consists in measuring, for the reference display device, for a number I of calibration control triplets, triplets of emission colorimetric values called reference triplets, the second plurality being three orders of magnitude less than the first plurality.
- the number I is equal to 12800.
- the figure 2 illustrates this step.
- the triplets of points (r i , g i , b i ) of calibration commands are referenced in the color space (R, G, B).
- the parameter i varies between 1 and I.
- these triplets are represented by circles on this figure 2 .
- the calibration control points are located on a three-dimensional grid, part of which is represented by dotted lines on the figure 2 and are regularly spaced on this grid.
- Each triplet of calibration control points (r i , g i , b i ) therefore associates a triplet of emission colorimetric values called reference triplet whose coordinates in the color space (u ', v', L) are (u i *, v i *, L i *) TH .
- the second step consists in measuring, for the display device, for the same second plurality of calibration control triplets (r i , g i , b i ), triplets of emission colorimetric values known as calibration triplets which are noted (u i *, v i *, L i *) in the color space (u ', v', L).
- This third step 3 comprises the following intermediate steps:
- a triplet subfamily close to the triplet ( r i , g i , b i ) .
- this subfamily corresponds to the vertices of the cube including the triplet ( r i , g i , b i ).
- J i the triplets belonging to this family are therefore ⁇ ( r j , g j , b j ) ⁇ j ⁇ J i .
- Each corresponding emission triple is noted u j * v j * L j * and each corresponding reference treble is noted u j * v j * L j * TH .
- a third step of this third step we deduce, for each j ⁇ J i , the deviation vector ( dr j , dg j , db j ).
- This derivative is equal to the matrix M which minimizes the following form: ⁇ j ⁇ J i ⁇ M dr j dg j db j - u j * v j * L j * - u j * v j * L j * TH ⁇ 2
- a fourth step of this third step the inverse of the derivative of the application noted is determined.
- This last stage of the third stage is illustrated on the figure 3 which represents a calibration triplet ( r i , g i , b i ). with the associated corrections ( dr i , dg i , db i ), the corrected triplet being noted ( r i , g i , b i ) cor .
- the second and third steps are also carried out for critical colors.
- the fourth step of the method consists, for any control triplet (r, g, b) of the display device said triplet emitted, to determine a subset of calibration triplets closest to said triplet emitted in the first color space.
- this subset corresponds to the vertices of the cube including the triplet (r, g, b).
- the triplets belonging to this family are therefore ⁇ ( r k , g k , b k ) ⁇ k ⁇ J k . When the command triplet is close to one or more critical colors, these are also determined.
- This step is illustrated on the figure 4 which represents a triplet of points (r, g, b) with all the triplets of points to be taken into account for the establishment of the corrections.
- eight calibration points numbered from T1 to T8 are taken into account as well as two critical colors C1 and C2.
- the derived matrix ⁇ r g b ⁇ r g b which is used as a basis for the calculation of these corrections is obtained by linear interpolation of the values of the matrices ⁇ r k g k b k ⁇ , extended interpolation to values ( r k , g k , b k ) close to the triplet (r, g, b).
- the corrective value (dr2, dg 2, db 2) due to the critical colors is calculated by weighted average of the sum of the influences of the critical colors sufficiently close, the weighting being inversely proportional to the distance to each of these critical colors.
- the final function ( dr , dg , db ) is calculated by weighted average over the corrections ( dr 1, dg 1, db 1) and ( dr 2, dg 2, db 2) knowing that the weighting remains proportional to the inverse of the distance to the nearest critical color.
- the triplet (r, g, b) corresponds exactly to a critical color
- the final corrective value is exactly that of the critical color in question.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
- Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
- Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
Abstract
Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des procédés d'ajustement des paramètres photométriques et colorimétriques d'un dispositif de visualisation composé de points colorés lumineux. Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'étalonner le dispositif de visualisation en fonction d'un dispositif de visualisation de référence. Le procédé consiste, à partir d'un nombre de points de mesures colorimétriques limité, à établir les corrections à apporter aux valeurs de commande de chaque point coloré de façon que l'émission lumineuse dudit point corresponde à celle du dispositif de visualisation de référence. Cette application prend en compte les points de mesure les plus proches du point coloré. La tolérance sur les corrections est suffisamment faible pour que les différences colorimétriques entre l'émission lumineuse réelle du dispositif de visualisation et l'émission de référence ne soient pas perceptibles par un observateur humain.The technical field of the invention is that of methods for adjusting the photometric and colorimetric parameters of a display device composed of bright colored dots. The method according to the invention makes it possible to calibrate the display device according to a reference display device. The method consists, starting from a limited number of colorimetric measurement points, in establishing the corrections to be made to the control values of each colored point so that the light emission of said point corresponds to that of the reference display device. This application takes into account the measurement points closest to the colored point. The tolerance on the corrections is sufficiently low so that the colorimetric differences between the real light emission of the display device and the reference emission are not perceptible by a human observer.
Description
Le domaine technique général de l'invention est celui des dispositifs de visualisation pour des applications nécessitant de très hautes performances colorimétriques et photométriques. Le domaine privilégié de l'invention est celui des planches de bord aéronautiques.The general technical field of the invention is that of display devices for applications requiring very high colorimetric and photometric performances. The preferred field of the invention is that of aeronautical dashboards.
Dans le domaine aéronautique, une planche de bord comporte plusieurs écrans de visualisation. La colorimétrie et la luminance des images affichées sur ces écrans font l'objet d'exigences très précises afin que les membres de l'équipage aient toujours la même qualité d'image. En particulier, la continuité des dégradés entre les différentes couleurs doit être parfaitement assurée. Par ailleurs, lorsqu'un écran de visualisation est remplacé, il est essentiel que ce remplacement se fasse en conservant les mêmes exigences colorimétriques et photométriques.In the aeronautical field, a dashboard has several display screens. The colorimetry and luminance of the images displayed on these screens are subject to very specific requirements so that the crew members always have the same image quality. In particular, the continuity of the gradations between the different colors must be perfectly ensured. Furthermore, when a display screen is replaced, it is essential that this replacement be done while maintaining the same color and photometric requirements.
Ces performances colorimétriques vont au-delà des standards appliqués par les fournisseurs d'écrans de visualisation, tout particulièrement lorsque l'on change de modèle d'écran de visualisation ou de fournisseurs. Une correction est donc nécessaire pour conserver les performances photométriques et colorimétriques.These colorimetric performances go beyond the standards applied by the suppliers of display screens, especially when changing the model of display screen or suppliers. A correction is therefore necessary to maintain the photometric and colorimetric performances.
Un pixel coloré d'un écran comporte classiquement un triplé de sous pixels colorés, un premier sous-pixel rouge, un second sous-pixel vert et un troisième sous-pixel bleu. Chaque sous-pixel peut prendre 255 valeurs. Par conséquent, potentiellement, chaque pixel peut avoir 2553 niveaux de couleur ou de luminance, soit un peu plus de 16 millions de niveaux. Il est bien entendu impossible de faire une correction individualisée pour chaque niveau qui nécessiterait une quantité colossale de mesures préliminaires et de très importantes capacités de stockage des corrections nécessaires sur chaque dispositif de visualisation embarquée.A colored pixel of a screen conventionally comprises a triplet of colored sub pixels, a first red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel and a third blue sub-pixel. Each sub-pixel can take 255 values. Therefore, potentially, each pixel can have 255 3 levels of color or luminance, or just over 16 million levels. It is of course impossible to make an individualized correction for each level which would require a colossal amount of preliminary measurements and very large capacities for storing the necessary corrections on each on-board display device.
Par ailleurs, il est impossible d'établir un modèle mathématique qui, à partir d'un nombre limité de mesures de corrections permettrait de calculer toutes les mesures de correction appliquées à chaque sous-pixel. En effet, la sensibilité de l'œil humain aux variations de couleur ou de luminance varie très fortement en fonction de cette couleur ou de ce niveau et n'obéit pas à des règles simples faciles à mettre en œuvre, une fois quelques points de référence connus.Furthermore, it is impossible to establish a mathematical model which, from a limited number of correction measurements would make it possible to calculate all the correction measurements applied to each sub-pixel. Indeed, the sensitivity of the human eye to variations in color or luminance varies very strongly in function of this color or level and does not obey simple rules that are easy to implement, once a few reference points are known.
On sait qu'une couleur peut être décrite dans un espace bidimensionnel dit CIE 1976, cet espace étant issu de l'espace CIE 1931. Dans ce premier espace, chaque couleur est définie par un triplet (X, Y, Z) ou un triplet (x, y, z). Dans l'espace CIE 1976, chaque couleur est définie par deux coordonnées (u', v') définie de la façon suivante :
Cet espace est représenté sur la
Le triplet (u'w, v'w, Yw) correspond aux coordonnées colorimétriques du blanc.The triplet (u ' w , v' w , Y w ) corresponds to the color coordinates of white.
Il a été démontré qu'autour de chaque couleur, il existe une zone appelée ellipse de MacAdam ou EMA à l'intérieur de laquelle les différences entre couleurs ne sont pas perceptibles par l'œil humain. A titre d'exemple, quatre ellipses de MacAdam sont représentées sur la
Le procédé selon l'invention repose sur cette propriété. Il n'est pas nécessaire que la correction des couleurs soit parfaite. Il suffit que cette correction soit suffisamment précise pour entrer dans les critères de MacAdam.The method according to the invention is based on this property. The color correction does not have to be perfect. It is enough that this correction is sufficiently precise to enter the criteria of MacAdam.
Plus précisément, le procédé selon l'invention est un procédé d'ajustement des paramètres photométriques et colorimétriques d'un dispositif de visualisation composé de points colorés lumineux, chaque point étant constitué d'un triplé de pixels colorés, chaque point pouvant prendre une première pluralité de triplets de valeurs de commande, lesdits triplets étant référencés dans un premier espace colorimétrique, à chaque triplet de valeurs de commande correspond un triplé de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission, lesdits triplets de valeurs colorimétriques étant référencés dans un second espace colorimétrique, ledit dispositif de visualisation étant étalonné par rapport à un dispositif de visualisation de référence, caractérisé en ce que le procédé comporte les étapes suivantes :
- Etape 1 : Mesure, pour le dispositif de visualisation de référence, pour une seconde pluralité de triplets de commande de calibration, des triplets de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission dits triplet de référence, la seconde pluralité étant de trois ordres de grandeur inférieure à la première pluralité ;
- Etape 2 : Mesure, pour le dispositif de visualisation, pour la même seconde pluralité de triplets de commande de calibration, des triplets de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission dits triplets de calibration ;
- Etape 3 : Pour chaque triplet de calibration, calcul des corrections à appliquer au triplet de commande de calibration correspondant de façon que le triplet de valeurs colorimétriques obtenu ait les mêmes valeurs que le triplet d'émission de référence correspondant ;
- Etape 4 : A tout triplet de commande du dispositif de visualisation dit triplet émis, détermination d'un sous-ensemble de triplets de calibration les plus proches dudit triplet émis dans le premier espace colorimétrique ;
- Etape 5 : calcul des corrections à appliquer au triplet émis en fonction des corrections appliquées au sous-ensemble des triplets de calibration déterminé à l'étape 4.
- Step 1: Measuring, for the reference display device, for a second plurality of calibration control triplets, triplets of emission colorimetric values called reference triplets, the second plurality being three orders of magnitude smaller than the first plurality;
- Step 2: Measurement, for the display device, for the same second plurality of calibration control triplets, triplets of emission colorimetric values called calibration triplets;
- Step 3: For each calibration triplet, calculation of the corrections to be applied to the corresponding calibration control triplet so that the triplet of colorimetric values obtained has the same values as the corresponding reference emission triplet;
- Step 4: At any control triplet of the display device said triplet emitted, determination of a subset of calibration triplets closest to said triplet emitted in the first color space;
- Step 5: calculation of the corrections to be applied to the triplet sent as a function of the corrections applied to the subset of the calibration triplets determined in step 4.
Avantageusement, la seconde pluralité de triplets de commande de calibration comporte un groupe de triplets de commande correspondant à des couleurs spécifiques, ledit groupe étant pris en compte, à l'étape 5, dans le calcul des corrections appliquées aux triplets de commande du dispositif de visualisation.Advantageously, the second plurality of calibration control triplets comprises a group of control triplets corresponding to specific colors, said group being taken into account, in step 5, in the calculation of the corrections applied to the control triplets of the measurement device. visualization.
Avantageusement, les corrections sont inversement proportionnelles aux distances séparant le triplet émis des couleurs spécifiques, les distances étant mesurées dans le premier espace colorimétrique.Advantageously, the corrections are inversely proportional to the distances separating the triplet emitted from the specific colors, the distances being measured in the first color space.
Avantageusement, l'étape 3 comporte les sous-étapes suivantes :
- Etape 3.1 : Détermination d'une application qui associe à chaque triplet de commande de calibration le triplet d'émission correspondant ;
- Etape 3.2 : Détermination d'un groupement de triplets de commande de calibration les plus proches dudit triplet de commande de calibration dans le premier espace colorimétrique ;
- Etape 3.3 : Détermination, pour chaque triplet de commande de calibration, de la dérivée de l'application en fonction du triplet de calibration et du triplet de référence correspondant ;
- Etape 3.4 : Détermination de l'inverse de la dérivée de l'application, pour le triplet de commande de calibration considéré, en fonction de la différence des valeurs entre les triplets de calibration et les triplets de référence correspondant aux triplets de commande de calibration dudit groupement, l'inverse de cette dérivée étant représentative de la correction à apporter au triplet de commande de calibration.
- Step 3.1: Determination of an application which associates with each triplet of calibration command the corresponding transmission triplet;
- Step 3.2: Determination of a grouping of calibration control triplets closest to said calibration control triplet in the first color space;
- Step 3.3: Determination, for each calibration control triplet, of the derivative of the application as a function of the calibration triplet and of the corresponding reference triplet;
- Step 3.4: Determination of the inverse of the derivative of the application, for the calibration control triplet considered, as a function of the difference in values between the calibration triplets and the reference triplets corresponding to the calibration control triples of said grouping, the inverse of this derivative being representative of the correction to be made to the calibration control triplet.
Avantageusement, le premier espace colorimétrique est l'espace (R, V, B) et que le second espace colorimétrique est l'espace CIE 1976.Advantageously, the first color space is the space (R, G, B) and that the second color space is the CIE 1976 space.
Avantageusement, la première pluralité est égale à 2553 et que la seconde pluralité est comprise entre 10000 et 15000.Advantageously, the first plurality is equal to 255 3 and that the second plurality is between 10,000 and 15,000.
Les dessins annexés illustrent l'invention :
- [
Fig.1 ] représente l'espace colorimétrique CIE 1976 ; - [
Fig.2 ] représente l'espace de mesure colorimétrique tridimensionnel (r, g, b) utilisé dans les étapes 1 et 2 du procédé selon l'invention ; - [
Fig.3 ] représente les corrections à apporter à un triplé de calibration telles que définies dans l'étape 3 du procédé selon l'invention ; - [
Fig.4 ] représente les corrections à apporter à un triplé quelconque telles que définies dans les étapes 4 et 5 du procédé selon l'invention ;
- [
Fig. 1 ] represents the CIE 1976 color space; - [
Fig. 2 ] represents the three-dimensional colorimetric measurement space (r, g, b) used in steps 1 and 2 of the method according to the invention; - [
Fig. 3 ] represents the corrections to be made to a calibration triplet as defined in step 3 of the method according to the invention; - [
Fig. 4 ] represents the corrections to be made to any triplet as defined in steps 4 and 5 of the method according to the invention;
Le procédé d'ajustement des paramètres photométriques et colorimétriques s'applique à un dispositif de visualisation composé de points colorés lumineux. Chaque point est constitué d'un triplé de pixels colorés. Chaque point peut prendre un nombre N de triplets de valeurs de commande. Généralement, chaque pixel pouvant prendre 255 valeurs différentes, ce nombre N vaut 2553, soit un peu plus de 16.5 millions de valeurs. Les triplets sont référencés dans un premier espace colorimétrique. Généralement, cet espace est l'espace (R, G, B). A chaque triplet de valeurs de commande correspond un triplé de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission, lesdits triplets de valeurs colorimétriques étant référencés dans un second espace colorimétrique. Cet espace est l'espace colorimétrique (u', v', L) tel que défini précédemment.The method for adjusting the photometric and colorimetric parameters applies to a display device composed of bright colored dots. Each point consists of a triplet of colored pixels. Each point can take a number N of triplets of command values. Generally, each pixel being able to take 255 different values, this number N is equal to 255 3 , that is to say a little more than 16.5 million values. The triplets are referenced in a first color space. Generally, this space is space (R, G, B). Each triplet of control values corresponds to a triplet of emission color values, said triplets of color values being referenced in a second color space. This space is the color space (u ', v', L) as defined above.
Le procédé nécessite un dispositif de visualisation de référence, un banc de mesure et de calibration comportant des moyens de mesure colorimétriques et photométriques, des moyens de mémorisation des données recueillis et des moyens de traitement desdites données pour en extraire les corrections de calibration à appliquer à certains points colorimétriques particuliers. Le dispositif de visualisation doit également comporter des moyens de mémorisation des corrections de calibration et des moyens de calcul permettant de calculer la correction à appliquer à tout triplé colorimétrique reçu en fonction des corrections de calibration. Ces différents moyens techniques sont connus de l'homme du métier et ne posent aucun problème de réalisation particulier.The method requires a reference display device, a measurement and calibration bench comprising colorimetric and photometric measurement means, means for memorizing the collected data and means for processing said data in order to extract the calibration corrections to be applied to it. some specific color points. The display device must also include means for storing the calibration corrections and calculation means for calculating the correction to be applied to any color triplet received as a function of the calibration corrections. These different technical means are known to those skilled in the art and do not pose any particular production problem.
Le procédé selon l'invention comporte plusieurs étapes détaillées ci-dessous. Les trois premières étapes sont mises en œuvre sur le banc de mesure optique. Elles consistent à déterminer les corrections à apporter à un certain nombre de triplés colorimétriques de calibration.The method according to the invention comprises several steps detailed below. The first three steps are implemented on the optical bench. They consist in determining the corrections to be made to a certain number of colorimetric triplets for calibration.
Les étapes suivantes sont mises en œuvre dans le dispositif de visualisation lui-même lorsqu'il fonctionne. Elles consistent à appliquer, en temps réel, à partir des données de correction précédentes, les corrections à appliquer à tout triplé colorimétrique émis.The following steps are implemented in the display device itself when it is operating. They consist in applying, in real time, from the previous correction data, the corrections to be applied to any color triplet emitted.
La première étape consiste à mesurer, pour le dispositif de visualisation de référence, pour un nombre I de triplets de commande de calibration, des triplets de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission dits triplet de référence, la seconde pluralité étant de trois ordres de grandeur inférieure à la première pluralité. A titre d'exemple, le nombre I vaut 12800. La
Il existe certains points colorimétriques (rj, gj, bj) appelés couleurs critiques dont l'émission associée doit correspondre à une colorimétrie parfaitement définie. Dans le domaine aéronautique, ces couleurs critiques peuvent correspondre, par exemple, à des alarmes. Par nature, ces points critiques ne correspondent pas nécessairement aux points de mesure de la grille tridimensionnelle. Un de ces points (rj, gj, bj) est représenté par un double cercle concentrique sur la
La seconde étape consiste à mesurer, pour le dispositif de visualisation, pour la même seconde pluralité de triplets de commande de calibration (ri, gi, bi), des triplets de valeurs colorimétriques d'émission dits triplets de calibration qui sont notés (ui*, vi*, Li*) dans l'espace colorimétrique (u', v', L).The second step consists in measuring, for the display device, for the same second plurality of calibration control triplets (r i , g i , b i ), triplets of emission colorimetric values known as calibration triplets which are noted (u i *, v i *, L i *) in the color space (u ', v', L).
Dans une troisième étape, on calcule les corrections à appliquer à chaque triplet de commande de calibration (ri, gi, bi) de façon que le triplet de valeurs colorimétriques obtenu ait les mêmes valeurs que le triplet d'émission de référence correspondant. Cette troisième étape 3 comporte les étapes intermédiaires suivantes :In a third step, the corrections to be applied to each calibration control triplet (r i , g i , b i ) are calculated so that the triplet of colorimetric values obtained has the same values as the corresponding reference emission triplet . This third step 3 comprises the following intermediate steps:
Dans un premier temps de cette troisième étape, on détermine une application Ψ telle que :
Dans un second temps de cette troisième étape, on détermine, pour chaque triplé (ri , gi , bi ), i appartenant à I, une sous-famille de triplés proche du triplé (ri , gi , bi ). A titre d'exemple, cette sous-famille correspond aux sommets du cube englobant le triplé (ri , gi , bi ). On note cette famille Ji. Les triplés appartenant à cette famille sont donc {(rj ,gj ,bj )} j∈Ji . Chaque triplé d'émission correspondant est noté
Dans un troisième temps de cette troisième étape, on déduit, pour chaque j ∈ Ji , le vecteur d'écart (drj , dgj ,dbj ). Ce vecteur est égal à :
Dans un quatrième temps de cette troisième étape, on détermine l'inverse de la dérivée de l'application notée
Ce dernier temps de la troisième étape est illustré sur la
La seconde et la troisième étape sont également réalisées pour les couleurs critiques.The second and third steps are also carried out for critical colors.
Ces corrections étant connues pour l'ensemble des triplés de commande de calibration, il est alors nécessaire de déterminer les corrections à apporter à n'importe quel triplé de commande (r, g, b) appliqué au dispositif de visualisation. C'est l'objet des quatrième et cinquième étapes du procédé. Ces étapes sont mises en œuvre en temps réel dans le dispositif de visualisation.These corrections being known for all the triplets of calibration control, it is then necessary to determine the corrections to be made to any triple command (r, g, b) applied to the display device. This is the object of the fourth and fifth stages of the process. These steps are implemented in real time in the display device.
La quatrième étape du procédé consiste, pour tout triplet de commande (r, g, b) du dispositif de visualisation dit triplet émis, à déterminer un sous-ensemble de triplets de calibration les plus proches dudit triplet émis dans le premier espace colorimétrique. A titre d'exemple, ce sous-ensemble correspond aux sommets du cube englobant le triplé (r, g, b). On note ce sous-ensemble Jk. Les triplés appartenant à cette famille sont donc {(rk ,gk ,bk )} k∈Jk . Lorsque le triplet de commande est proche d'une ou de plusieurs couleurs critiques, celles-ci sont également déterminées. Cette étape est illustrée sur la
La cinquième étape consiste à calculer les corrections (dr, dg, db) à appliquer au triplet émis. Ces corrections sont fonction :
- des corrections (dr1, dg1, db1) appliquées au sous-ensemble des triplets de calibration déterminé à l'étape précédente et,
- lorsqu'elles sont présentes, des corrections (dr2, dg2, db2) issues des couleurs critiques proches.
- corrections ( dr 1, dg 1, db 1) applied to the subset of the calibration triplets determined in the previous step and,
- when present, corrections ( dr 2, dg 2 , db 2) from near critical colors.
Concernant les corrections (dr1, dg1, db1) issues des triplés de calibration, la matrice dérivée
La valeur corrective (dr2, dg2, db2) due aux couleurs critiques est calculée par moyenne pondérée de la somme des influences des couleurs critiques suffisamment proches, la pondération étant inversement proportionnelle à la distance à chacune de ces couleurs critiques.The corrective value (dr2, dg 2, db 2) due to the critical colors is calculated by weighted average of the sum of the influences of the critical colors sufficiently close, the weighting being inversely proportional to the distance to each of these critical colors.
La fonction finale (dr, dg, db) est calculée par moyenne pondérée sur les corrections (dr1, dg1, db1) et (dr2, dg2, db2) sachant que la pondération reste proportionnelle à l'inverse de la distance à la couleur critique la plus proche. Ainsi, si le triplet (r, g, b) correspond exactement à une couleur critique, la valeur corrective finale est exactement celle de la couleur critique en question.The final function ( dr , dg , db ) is calculated by weighted average over the corrections ( dr 1, dg 1, db 1) and ( dr 2, dg 2, db 2) knowing that the weighting remains proportional to the inverse of the distance to the nearest critical color. Thus, if the triplet (r, g, b) corresponds exactly to a critical color, the final corrective value is exactly that of the critical color in question.
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US20140043369A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Marc ALBRECHT | Displays and Display Pixel Adaptation |
US20150213771A1 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2015-07-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display calibration system and storage medium |
US20170221403A1 (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-08-03 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for adjusting display parameters and display apparatus |
US20180114475A1 (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-04-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus and calibration method thereof |
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US20140043369A1 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-02-13 | Marc ALBRECHT | Displays and Display Pixel Adaptation |
US20150213771A1 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2015-07-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display calibration system and storage medium |
US20170221403A1 (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-08-03 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for adjusting display parameters and display apparatus |
US20180114475A1 (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-04-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display apparatus and calibration method thereof |
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