EP3663460B1 - Procédé amélioré de prétraitement de la biomasse - Google Patents

Procédé amélioré de prétraitement de la biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3663460B1
EP3663460B1 EP18210775.5A EP18210775A EP3663460B1 EP 3663460 B1 EP3663460 B1 EP 3663460B1 EP 18210775 A EP18210775 A EP 18210775A EP 3663460 B1 EP3663460 B1 EP 3663460B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor unit
biomass
prehydrolysis reactor
pressurized prehydrolysis
steam
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EP18210775.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3663460A1 (fr
Inventor
Carlos SOBREDO
Francois Lambert
Johan Carlsson
Patrik Pettersson
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Valmet Technologies Oy
Valmet AB
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Valmet Oy
Valmet AB
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Priority to EP18210775.5A priority Critical patent/EP3663460B1/fr
Publication of EP3663460A1 publication Critical patent/EP3663460A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
    • D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C7/00—Digesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C7/00—Digesters
    • D21C7/10—Heating devices

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to a process for treating biomass.
  • the invention relates to a process and a device for treating biomass, wherein the temperature stability of the prehydrolysis treatment of the biomass is improved.
  • a typical temperature interval for the pretreatment reaction is between 120 °C and 225 °C whereby a pressure of up to 25 bar is obtained.
  • the typical residence time of the biomass in the prehydrolysis reactor is in the range of from 2 min to 60 min, such as from 2 min to 30 min.
  • the pretreatment process is conducted continuously, whereby the biomass is continuously fed into the prehydrolysis reactor by means of a feeding device and the pretreated biomass is continuously discharged from the prehydrolysis reactor by means of a discharger.
  • Suitable ways of discharging the pretreated biomass are e.g. by means of steam explosion, i.e. a rapid decrease of pressure creating a flashing of the steam and destructuration of the biomass; by means of dilution discharge, wherein the pretreated biomass is diluted in the discharger so that the dilution water decreases the temperature and avoids a rapid pressure drop, so that no steam flashing occurs; or other discharging methods, such as through a refiner, by pumping, sluice valve etc. Steam is added to the prehydrolysis reactor through one or more steam inlets, preferably several steam inlets, which are distributed near the biomass inlet and optionally over the length of the reactor.
  • the dilution water in the discharger creates a seal lock so that the steam cannot escape from the prehydrolysis reactor through the discharger, so that steam consumption is largely decreased.
  • the circulation of the steam from the biomass feeding point to the biomass discharge is greatly diminished so that the steam does not circulate through the biomass bed in the prehydrolysis reactor.
  • gas formed during the pretreatment is not evacuated from the prehydrolysis reactor and thus forms a buffer which decreases the heating of the biomass.
  • the present invention resides in the finding that the temperature decrease during the pretreatment process can be avoided resulting in an even temperature profile over the length of the prehydrolysis reactor by withdrawing a small amount of a steam/gas mixture via at least one outlet in the area at the upper end of the prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the steam circulation in the prehydrolysis reactor unit can be increased so that the steam is circulated through the biomass bed in the reactor more efficiently. Additionally, a more even temperature profile over the length of the prehydrolysis reactor can be obtained. Consequently, the pretreatment reaction of the biomass in the reactor is more efficient so that the residence time in the pretreament reactor can be reduced.
  • the present invention relates to a process for treating biomass comprising the steps of:
  • the present invention relates to a device for treating biomass comprising
  • the present invention relates to the use of withdrawal of a steam/gas mixture from at least one outlet situated in an area at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit for stabilizing the temperature of a process for treating biomass comprising the steps of:
  • Biomass is any source of plant material suitable for converting into pulp and paper material, cellulose-based construction material or biofuel.
  • Suitable sources of biomass are lignocellulosic biomass such as virgin biomass, waste biomass and energy crops.
  • Virgin biomass includes all naturally occurring terrestrial plants such as trees, bushes and grass.
  • Waste biomass is produced as a low-value byproduct of various industrial sectors such as agriculture, e.g. selected from corn stover, sugarcane bagasse, straw etc., and forestry, e.g. selected from saw mill and paper mill discards.
  • Energy crops are crops with high yield of lignocellulosic biomass produced to serve as a raw material for production of second generation (2G) biofuel. Examples include switch grass ( Panicum virgatum ) and elephant grass.
  • a prehydrolysis reactor unit is a unit including several entities suitable for pretreating biomass.
  • the biomass is rendered accessible for the downstream hydrolysis process steps.
  • hemicellulose is dissolved from the biomass under pressure and heat in the presence of steam and optionally in the presence of a catalyst and/or suitable chemical substance.
  • a prehydrolysis reactor unit usually comprises a feeding system for feeding biomass into to the prehydrolysis reactor unit, a charging section, situated at the upper part of the prehydrolysis reactor unit, through which the biomass is charged into the prehydrolysis reactor by means of the feeding system, a prehydrolysis reactor in which the biomass is pretreated under pressure and heat in the presence of steam and optionally in the presence of a catalyst and/or suitable chemical substance, and a discharging unit through which the pretreated biomass is discharged from the prehydrolysis reactor by means of dilution discharge.
  • the upper part of the prehydrolysis reactor unit denotes the part of the prehydrolysis reactor unit that is the highest part of the prehydrolysis reactor unit in the sense of the farthest from the floor in vertical direction.
  • the upper part of the prehydrolyis reactor makes up the upper 1/5 th of the prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the upper part is situated in the area of the charging section through which the biomass is fed into the prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the upper part is situated in the vertically highest part of the prehydrolysis reactor over the whole length of the prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the present invention relates to a process for treating biomass comprising the steps of:
  • the biomass Before feeding the biomass into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor the biomass can be pretreated by cutting and/or washing.
  • the biomass can additionally be pretreated by dilute acid hydrolysis by contacting the biomass with a dilute solution containing an external acidic catalyst, reinforced autohydrolysis by contacting the biomass with a dilute solution containing a recirculated acidic catalyst or autohydrolysis by contacting the biomass with water.
  • These pretreatment measures are well known in the art.
  • the biomass fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is preferably a solid dry material.
  • biomass fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is preferably an aqueous slurry of biomass.
  • the biomass is fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit by means of a feeding system.
  • biomass is continuously fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the feeding system is preferably situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the feeding system comprises means for actively conveying the biomass into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • Such means is/are preferably selected from a plug screw feeder, a force feed screw feeder, a rotary valve or combinations thereof.
  • Suitable means for actively conveying the biomass into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit are known in the art.
  • the biomass is preferably fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through a charging section.
  • the charging section is usually situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the charging section usually has the form of a vertical pipe which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the vertically arranged pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the charging section usually has the form of a horizontally arranged pipe which bends downwardly in vertical direction which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the horizontally arranged pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the biomass is vertically fed into the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit can comprise one or more reactors such as one or two reactors.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises more than one reactor such as two reactors. If the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises more than one reactor, e.g. an impregnation reactor and a prehydrolysis reactor, the reactors are usually arranged in series. For example, biomass can be fed into an impregnation reactor and then be impregnated in the impregnation reactor. Afterwards, the biomass can be discharged from the impregnation reactor and fed to the subsequent respectively downstream prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit can also comprise two or more prehydrolysis reactors arranged in series and operating at same or different temperature and pressure.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises only one reactor which suitably is a prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the biomass is thermally treated, preferably in the presence of water under pressure, more preferably by heating with steam, to produce a thermally treated biomass.
  • the biomass can be exposed to steam in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit, wherein the steam is fed into the prehydrolysis reactor unit in addition to the biomass.
  • the biomass is pressurized in the prehydrolysis reactor unit, and by heating the pressurized biomass, the thermally treated biomass is produced.
  • Steam is preferably fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through at least one inlet, wherein at least one inlet is situated at the upper part of the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit, preferably near the charging section and at least one optional additional inlet(s) is/are situated at different parts along the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • a steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from at least one outlet situated at the upper art of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the withdrawn steam usually originates from the steam fed into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor as discussed above or below.
  • the withdrawn gas usually originates from gas formed during the pretreatment reaction in the prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through a single outlet.
  • Said outlet is usually situated at or near the highest point of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the single steam/gas mixture outlet is preferably situated at or near the highest point of the vertically arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the single steam/gas mixture outlet is preferably situated at or near the charging section, suitably in the upper part of the horizontally arranged pipe between the feeding system and the horizontally arranged reactor.
  • Said horizontally arranged pipe of the charging section usually is the highest point in a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through more than one outlet.
  • the first outlet is preferably situated at or near the highest point of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit as described above for the single outlet.
  • the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated further downstream along the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated downwards from the first steam/gas mixture outlet along the vertically arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated downstream from the first steam/gas mixture outlet at the upper part of the horizontally arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through two, three or four outlets.
  • the two or more means for measuring temperature are situated at different parts of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit and the temperature in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is continuously monitored.
  • Suitable means for measuring the temperature in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit are temperature sensors as known in the art.
  • Preferably two means for measuring temperature are situated at the reactor the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit at or near the area in which the biomass is fed, such as at or near the charging section, and at or near the area in which the biomass is discharged, such as at or near the discharging unit.
  • Optional additional means for measuring temperature can be evenly distributed over the length of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the biomass is thermally treated by heating to a temperature of from 120 °C to 225 °C, preferably of from 150 °C to 210 °C and most preferably of from 180 °C to 200 °C.
  • Said temperature range can suitably be controlled by monitoring the temperature with the two or more means for measuring temperature.
  • the pressure in the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is preferably up to 25 bar, more preferably from 5 bar to 20 bar, most preferably from 7.5 bar to 15 bar.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the one or more outlet(s) situated in an area at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit periodically when a temperature drop during the operation below a predetermined temperature range is monitored.
  • a predetermined temperature range is from 0.1 to 10 °C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0 °C, or even more preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C.
  • the temperature range is predetermined before start of the process. As soon as the temperature determined at one of the means for measuring temperature drops below the predetermined temperature range the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn either automatically or manually, preferably automatically.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the at least one outlet situated in an area at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit continuously during operation.
  • the temperature can still be continuously monitored.
  • the steam/gas mixture may additionally be withdrawn from the one or more outlet(s) situated in an area at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit periodically when a temperature drop during the operation below a predetermined temperature range is monitored.
  • the additional periodic withdrawal can be obtained either by periodically withdrawing a higher amount of steam/gas mixture for the at least one steam/gas mixture outlet(s) or by additionally periodically withdrawing the steam/gas mixture through a steam/gas mixture outlet which was not used for continuous steam/gas mixture withdrawal.
  • the predetermined temperature range is from 0.1 to 10°C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0°C, or even more preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C.
  • the temperature range is predetermined before start of the process. As soon as the temperature determined at one of the means for measuring temperature drops below the predetermined temperature range the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn either automatically or manually, preferably automatically.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is preferably discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through a discharging unit.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is preferably discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit through an orifice and/or a blow valve of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the thermally treated biomass is preferably diluted by contact with water.
  • the water is preferably fed into the discharging unit of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the temperature of the thermally treated biomass is preferably reduced before discharge to a temperature range of from 50 °C to 140 °C, preferably from 65 °C to 130 °C and most preferably from 80 °C to 120 °C.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit by dilution discharge.
  • Dilution discharge means that the dilution water decreases the temperature and avoids a rapid pressure drop, so that no steam flashing occurs.
  • the biomass can have a temperature below 100 °C during discharging and no flashing occurs during discharging.
  • the biomass can have a temperature above 100 °C during discharging and a flashing occurs. However, this flashing occurs without a steam explosion occurring during discharging.
  • Dilution discharge is a technique well known in the art of biomass pretreatment.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is continuously discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis unit.
  • the residence time of the biomass in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is usually in the range of from 2 min to 60 min, such as from 2 min to 30 min.
  • the thermally treated biomass discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit preferably has a temperature of from 50 °C to 150 °C, preferably from 65 °C to 130 °C and most preferably from 80 °C to 120 °C.
  • the thermally treated biomass discharged from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is further processed in a hydrolysis reaction as known in the art.
  • the prehydrolysis process of the invention can be run more efficiently when a steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit during operation.
  • the withdrawal of the steam/gas mixture ensures improved steam circulation through the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit which reduces or even avoids a temperature drop during operation.
  • the pretreatment reaction of the biomass can be improved and the residence time of the pretreated biomass in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit can be reduced.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for treating biomass comprising
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit preferably comprises a feeding system for feeding biomass into to the prehydrolysis reactor unit, a charging section, situated at the upper part of the prehydrolysis reactor unit, through which the biomass is charged into the prehydrolysis reactor by means of the feeding system, a prehydrolysis reactor in which the biomass is pretreated under pressure and heat in the presence of steam and optionally in the presence of a catalyst and/or suitable chemical substance, and a discharging unit through which the pretreated biomass is discharged from the prehydrolysis reactor by means of dilution discharge.
  • the feeding system is preferably situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the feeding system comprises means for actively conveying the biomass into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • Such means are preferably selected from a plug screw feeder, a force feed screw feeder, a rotary valve or combinations thereof. Suitable means for actively conveying the biomass into the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit are known in the art.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises more than one reactor such as two reactors. If the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises more than one reactor, e.g. an impregnation reactor and a prehydrolysis reactor, the reactors are usually arranged in series. For example, biomass can be fed into an impregnation reactor and then be impregnated in the impregnation reactor. Afterwards, the biomass can be discharged from the impregnation reactor and fed to the subsequent respectively downstream prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit can also comprise two or more prehydrolysis reactors arranged in series and operating at same or different temperature and pressure.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit comprises only one reactor which suitably is a prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit is a vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit or a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit preferably comprises a charging section.
  • the charging section is usually situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the charging section usually has the form of a vertical pipe which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the vertically arranged pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the charging section usually has the form of a horizontally arranged pipe which bends downwardly in vertical direction which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the horizontally arranged pressurized prehydrolysis reactor.
  • the at least one inlet for steam is preferably situated at the upper part of the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit preferably near the charging section and at least one optional additional inlet(s) is/are situated at different parts along the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises at least one outlet for a steam/gas mixture situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the device comprises a single outlet for a steam/gas mixture.
  • Said outlet is usually situated at or near the highest point of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the single steam/gas mixture outlet is preferably situated at or near the highest point of the vertically arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the single steam/gas mixture outlet is preferably situated at or near the charging section, suitably in the upper part of the horizontally arranged pipe between the feeding system and the horizontally arranged reactor.
  • Said horizontally arranged pipe of the charging section usually is the highest point in a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the device comprises more than one outlet.
  • the first outlet is preferably situated at or near the highest point of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit as described above for the single outlet.
  • the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated further downstream along the reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated downwards from the first steam/gas mixture outlet along the vertically arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit the other additional steam/gas mixture outlet(s) is/are suitably situated downstream from the first steam/gas mixture outlet at the upper part of the horizontally arranged reactor of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the device comprises two, three or four outlets for the steam/gas mixture.
  • the two or more means for measuring temperature are situated at different parts of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • Suitable means for measuring the temperature in the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit are temperature sensors as known in the art.
  • Preferably two means for measuring temperature are situated at the reactor the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit at or near the area in which the biomass is fed, such as at or near the charging section, and at or near the area where the biomass is discharged, such as at or near the discharging unit.
  • Optional additional means for measuring temperature can be evenly distributed over the length of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit.
  • the device further comprises a discharging unit.
  • the discharging unit comprises at least one inlet for water into the discharging unit.
  • the discharging unit comprises one inlet for water into the discharging unit.
  • the discharging unit comprises an orifice and/or a blow valve for discharging the diluted thermally treated biomass.
  • the device as described above and below is suitable for the process according to the invention as described above or below. All features and embodiments as disclosed for the process also apply for the device.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of withdrawal of a steam/gas mixture from at least one outlet situated in an area at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit for stabilizing the temperature of a process for treating biomass comprising the steps of:
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) into which biomass is fed through a feeding inlet (2) into the charging section (7) situated at the upper part of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • the biomass is fed into the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) by means of a feeding system (not shown), which can be selected from a plug screw feeder, a force feed screw feeder, a rotary valve or combinations thereof.
  • the charging section (7) usually has the form of a vertical pipe which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • steam is introduced into the upper part of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • the steam inlet (3) is situated in the charging section (7).
  • the steam (3) can also be situated near the charging section (7).
  • Steam can also be introduced through optional additional steam inlet(s), which can be situated at different parts along the reactor of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • the biomass is thermally treated in the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • the temperature is thereby usually in the range of from 120 °C to 220 °C, preferably of from 150 °C to 210 °C and most preferably of from 180 °C to 200 °C.
  • the pressure is usually up to 25 bar, preferably of from 5 bar to 20 bar and most preferably of from 7.5 bar to 15 bar.
  • Two or more means for measuring temperature (6) are situated at the reactor of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) by which the temperature is continuously monitored.
  • a steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) from at least one outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5), which is situated at the upper part of the pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a).
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) is situated at the upper part of the charging section (7).
  • the steam/gas mixture can be withdrawn periodically or continuously.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn when during operation the temperature drops below a predetermined temperature range usually of from 0.1 to 10 °C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0 °C and most preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C.
  • a valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture either a signal is given which indicates that the valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) needs to be opened manually or the valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) is opened automatically.
  • the steam/gas mixture is continuously withdrawn during operation. Additionally, the steam/gas mixture may be periodically withdrawn either through an additional outlet for a steam/gas mixture (not shown) in another area at the upper part of the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) or by further opening the valve of the outlet of a steam/gas mixture (5) so that a higher amount of the steam/gas mixture is periodically withdrawn.
  • a periodic withdrawal of the steam/gas mixture during continuous operational mode is usually conducted when a temperature drop below a predetermined temperature range usually of from 0.1 to 10 °C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0 °C and most preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C is monitored.
  • the steam/gas mixture can then be withdrawn either manually or automatically as described above.
  • Water is fed into the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) for diluting the thermally treated biomass (not shown).
  • the temperature of the thermally treated biomass is usually reduced before discharge to a temperature range of from 50 °C to 140 °C, preferably from 65 °C to 130 °C and most preferably from 80 °C to 120 °C.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is then discharged through the discharging unit (4).
  • the biomass can be discharged by dilution discharge usually at a temperature of below 100°C and no flashing.
  • the biomass can also be discharged at a temperature above 100°C and flashing without steam explosion.
  • the residence time of the biomass in the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) is usually in the range of rom 2 min to 60 min, such as from 2 min to 30 min.
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) into which biomass is fed through a feeding inlet (2) into the charging section (7) situated at the upper part of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • the biomass is fed into the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) by means of a feeding system (not shown), which can be selected from a plug screw feeder, a force feed screw feeder, a rotary valve or combinations thereof.
  • the charging section (7) usually has the form of a horizontally arranged pipe which bends downwardly in vertical direction which connects the feeding system with the upper part of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • steam is introduced into the upper part of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • the steam inlet (3) is situated in the charging section (7).
  • the steam (3) can also be situated near the charging section (7).
  • Steam can also be introduced through optional additional steam inlet(s), which can be situated at different parts along the reactor of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • the biomass is thermally treated in the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • the temperature is thereby usually in the range of from 120 °C to 220 °C, preferably of from 150 °C to 210 °C and most preferably of from 180 °C to 200 °C.
  • the pressure is usually up to 25 bar, preferably of from 5 bar to 20 bar and most preferably of from 7.5 bar to 15 bar.
  • Two or more means for measuring temperature (6) are situated at the reactor of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) by which the temperature is continuously monitored.
  • a steam/gas mixture is withdrawn from the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) from at least one outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5), which is situated at the upper part of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b).
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) is situated at the upper part of the charging section (7).
  • the steam/gas mixture can be withdrawn periodically or continuously.
  • the steam/gas mixture is withdrawn when during operation the temperature drops below a predetermined temperature range usually of from 0.1 to 10 °C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0 °C and most preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C.
  • a valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture either a signal is given which indicates that the valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) needs to be opened manually or the valve of the outlet for a steam/gas mixture (5) is opened automatically.
  • the steam/gas mixture is continuously withdrawn during operation. Additionally, the steam/gas mixture may be periodically withdrawn either through an additional outlet for a steam/gas mixture (not shown) in another area at the upper part of the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) or by further opening the valve of the outlet of a steam/gas mixture (5) so that a higher amount of the steam/gas mixture is periodically withdrawn.
  • a periodic withdrawal of the steam/gas mixture during continuous operational mode is usually conducted when a temperature drop below a predetermined temperature range usually of from 0.1 to 10 °C, preferably from 0.5 to 5.0 °C and most preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 °C is monitored.
  • the steam/gas mixture can then be withdrawn either manually or automatically as described above.
  • Water is fed into the horizontal pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1b) for diluting the thermally treated biomass (not shown).
  • the temperature of the thermally treated biomass is usually reduced before discharge to a temperature range of from 50 °C to 140 °C, preferably from 65 °C to 130 °C and most preferably from 80 °C to 120 °C.
  • the diluted thermally treated biomass is then discharged through the discharging unit (4).
  • the biomass can be discharged by dilution discharge usually at a temperature of below 100°C and no flashing.
  • the biomass can also be discharged at a temperature above 100°C and flashing without steam explosion.
  • the residence time of the biomass in the vertical pressurized prehydrolysis reactor unit (1a) is usually in the range of rom 2 min to 60 min, such as from 2 min to 30 min.

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Claims (15)

  1. Procédé pour traiter de la biomasse comprenant les étapes :
    (A) amener de la biomasse dans une unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé à l'aide d'un système d'amenée ;
    (B) amener de la vapeur d'eau dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé ;
    (C) traiter thermiquement la biomasse dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé en mettant la biomasse en contact avec la vapeur d'eau ;
    (D) diluer la biomasse traitée thermiquement ;
    (E) décharger la biomasse traitée thermiquement diluée depuis l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    un mélange vapeur d'eau/gaz est extrait d'au moins une sortie située dans une zone sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la biomasse est amenée de manière continue dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé et la biomasse traitée thermiquement diluée est déchargée de manière continue depuis l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le système d'amenée est situé sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé et est sélectionné parmi un dispositif d'amenée à vis à bouchon, un dispositif d'amenée à vis d'amenée forcée, une vanne rotative, ou des combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel de la vapeur d'eau est amenée dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé à travers au moins une entrée, dans lequel au moins une entrée est située sur la partie supérieure du réacteur de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé de préférence près de la section de chargement et au moins une entrée(s) supplémentaire(s) facultative(s) est/sont située(s) sur différentes parties le long du réacteur de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel deux moyens ou plus pour mesurer la température sont situés sur différentes parties de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé et la température dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé est surveillée de manière continue.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un mélange vapeur d'eau/gaz est extrait de la au moins une sortie située dans une zone sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé périodiquement quand une chute de température pendant le fonctionnement au-dessous d'une plage de température prédéterminée est surveillée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel un mélange vapeur d'eau/gaz est extrait de la au moins une sortie située dans une zone sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé de manière continue pendant le fonctionnement.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la biomasse est traitée thermiquement par chauffage à une température de 120°C à 225°C.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la biomasse traitée thermiquement diluée est déchargée de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé par déchargement par dilution.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la biomasse traitée thermiquement diluée est déchargée de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé est déchargée à travers une unité de déchargement.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la biomasse traitée thermiquement est diluée par contact avec de l'eau.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'eau est amenée dans l'unité de déchargement de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
  13. Dispositif pour traiter de la biomasse comprenant
    • une unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé (1a/b) pour traiter thermiquement de la biomasse ;
    • un système d'amenée pour amener de la biomasse dans la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé (1a/b) ;
    • au moins une entrée pour de la vapeur d'eau (3) sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé (1a/b) ;
    • deux moyens ou plus pour mesurer la température (6) situés sur différentes parties de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé ;
    • une unité de déchargement (4) pour décharger la biomasse traitée thermiquement de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
    • au moins une entrée pour l'eau dans l'unité de déchargement ;
    • au moins une sortie pour un mélange vapeur d'eau/gaz (5) située sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, dans lequel l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé est une unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé verticale (1a) ou une unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé horizontale (1b).
  15. Utilisation de l'extraction d'un mélange vapeur d'eau/gaz d'au moins une sortie située dans une zone sur la partie supérieure de l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé pour stabiliser la température d'un procédé pour traiter de la biomasse comprenant les étapes :
    (A) amener de la biomasse dans une unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé à l'aide d'un système d'amenée ;
    (B) amener de la vapeur d'eau dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé ;
    (C) traiter thermiquement la biomasse dans l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé en mettant la biomasse en contact avec la vapeur d'eau ;
    (D) diluer la biomasse traitée thermiquement ;
    (E) décharger la biomasse traitée thermiquement diluée depuis l'unité à réacteur de préhydrolyse pressurisé.
EP18210775.5A 2018-12-06 2018-12-06 Procédé amélioré de prétraitement de la biomasse Active EP3663460B1 (fr)

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US5198074A (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-03-30 Companhia Industreas Brasileiras Portela Process to produce a high quality paper product and an ethanol product from bamboo
WO2017100907A1 (fr) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Iogen Corporation Prétraitement au dioxyde de soufre et/ou à l'acide sulfureux
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