EP3662062A1 - Procédé de conservation de la chlorelle vivante et fraîche en vue de sa consommation - Google Patents
Procédé de conservation de la chlorelle vivante et fraîche en vue de sa consommationInfo
- Publication number
- EP3662062A1 EP3662062A1 EP18766307.5A EP18766307A EP3662062A1 EP 3662062 A1 EP3662062 A1 EP 3662062A1 EP 18766307 A EP18766307 A EP 18766307A EP 3662062 A1 EP3662062 A1 EP 3662062A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chlorella
- concentrate
- light source
- reactor
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N13/00—Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M31/00—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M35/00—Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/10—Separation or concentration of fermentation products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the preservation of chlorella, living and fresh, for consumption, useful elements from a concentrate of microalgae, and a production device for the implementation of such a method.
- Microalgae are increasingly used because of their compositions rich in elements such as amino acids, vitamins A, B, C and E, unsaturated essential fatty acids, vegetable proteins , minerals of iron, calcium, sulfur, zinc, potassium, magnesium and manganese, lipids or antioxidants. Because of their compositions, micro-algae are used for human nutrition, especially as food supplements.
- Micro-algae are already widely used for health and cosmetics (shampoos, facial and hand cleansers), but also as feed for animals, as a biofuel, or for green chemistry. producing in particular plastics and technical oils.
- microalgae for reasons of compromise, logistics, administration or stability, most dietary supplements based on micro-algae are currently proposed in human nutrition only in a dehydrated form, that is to say say in a form clearly depleted of vitamins. It is also known to produce microalgae from hydroponics grown in transparent tubes called photo-bioreactors "PBR", which receive a liquid containing nutrients "NPK” rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as carbon dioxide dissolved in this liquid, in order to quickly synthesize the biomass.
- PBR photo-bioreactors
- the culture medium used can, according to different situations called “culture stress”, give a product rich in active substances released by the microalga such as toxins, probiotics or antibiotics, omega 3 for example.
- culture stress a product rich in active substances released by the microalga such as toxins, probiotics or antibiotics, omega 3 for example.
- chlorella vulgaris also called “Chlorella vulgaris”, which is a species of microscopic unicellular green algae of the family Chlorellaceae.
- Chlorella vulgaris is indeed interesting in many ways: thanks to photosynthesis, it reproduces very quickly in fresh water in areas with high sunshine and relatively temperate temperatures; it is considered one of the richest plants in chlorophyll; it has remineralising and elimination properties; it is believed to stimulate the immune system through Chlorella Growth Factor (CGF), a substance that would accelerate cell growth and help maintain cell integrity.
- CGF Chlorella Growth Factor
- chlorelin acts as a natural antibiotic, that is to say that, unlike chemical antibiotics, it fights pathogenic bacteria without altering the intestinal flora.
- the said harvest is generally obtained by centrifugation of the whole of biomass, which is more or less pure to the extent that it may contain other micro-algae or bacteria for example.
- this dehydrate is then dehydrated to recover a micro-algae-rich powder, which is compact, which facilitates and reduces packaging and shipping costs.
- stress culture or “physiological forcing” it is possible to obtain from a concentrate of micro ⁇ algae, altered metabolism of said micro-algae will promote or even force it to produce at least one metabolite.
- the metabolite (s) thus produced by the microalgae are extracted from the biomass using various solvents, for example fatty acids.
- the FR-2696475 patent application published April 8, 1994 teaches various ways and conditions for placing the micro ⁇ concentrated algae in a situation ensuring the production of metabolites and then harvest biomass containing metabolites and / or the medium containing these metabolites.
- chlorella The life span of chlorella is of the order of two to three days that it was its mode of culture, either in basin or photobioreactor. This lifetime could be increased somewhat, that is doubled, if the chlorella is forced to produce its metabolite, namely chlorelline, which is remembered as an antibiotic.
- chlorellin prevents cell multiplication and thus prevents the appearance of bacteria that destroy chlorella.
- the present invention aims to remedy this gap.
- An advantage of this method of producing chlorellin is that culture stress is achieved by exposure to light radiation of a highly concentrated chlorella concentrate, thereby allowing cellular respiration of the photosynthetic system of chlorella and promoting the production of chlorelline. Moreover, with simultaneous permanent mixing of this concentrate after its setting in motion, the complete mass of the chlorella is uniformly exposed to the radiation. Thus, whole chlorelle, living, under stress is placed in order to impose a continuous production of chlorelline, essential for its maintenance away from bacteria, its contamination and therefore the disappearance of chlorella.
- the production method according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, which may be combined with one another.
- the production process exposes the concentrate to the light source periodically.
- the production process comprises an additional step consisting of a supplementation of nitrogen NPK in the concentrate.
- the invention also relates to a device for producing chlorellin from harvested chlorella, said device comprising means implementing a production process comprising any one of the preceding characteristics.
- the production device comprises a reactor having transparent walls, using a light source which is indifferently then located outside or inside said reactor.
- the reactor can be made in the form of a transparent tube arranged vertically.
- the light source inside or outside said device comprises LED light emitting diodes having a light spectrum corresponding to solar radiation.
- the production device comprises a mobile mechanical system or an air bubble injection device capable of achieving movement within the concentrate.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the different steps from the cultivation of chlorella to the chlorelline production process.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show diagrams of a reactor implementing the production method according to the invention, respectively for an industrial installation and for a domestic installation. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a first step 2 comprising the cultivation of chlorella, in particular in transparent tubes of PBR photo-bioreactors installed for example in greenhouses, in order to make optimum use of the solar radiation.
- a culture is carried out in a confined environment which makes it possible to limit or eliminate all the risks of contamination of the concentrate coming from the outside.
- the harvest of the microalgae of the culture is advantageously carried out in a gentle manner in order to avoid destruction of the chlorella cells.
- a microalgae concentrate 24 is produced, for example with a plate filter or a membrane, in order to obtain a high concentration of chlorella of between 20 million and 1 billion cells per milliliter. (ie 0.6 to 30g / l).
- the chlorella concentrate 24 is inserted into a reactor comprising a closed vessel which nevertheless makes it possible to expose the product contained in said tank to a light source 10 in order to carry out the photosynthesis.
- the light source 10 may be external, and in this case the walls of the tank are transparent, or internal with then opaque tank walls.
- LEDs As a light source internal or external to the reactor, it is possible to use LEDs that, for example, have a broad light spectrum corresponding to solar radiation.
- the light source 10 emits periodically, with further periods that can be adjustable, to allow cellular respiration of the photosynthetic system of chlorella.
- the movement of the entire mass of the concentrate 24 is carried out in a very gentle manner so as to expose in the most regular manner the whole from this matter to the luminous radiation, and thus to obtain a homogeneity of its evolution.
- Chlorella has a reaction, when its cell concentration becomes too high, to no longer develop and emit in its environment a production of antibiotic, this antibiotic proving indeed essential to keep away from bacteria.
- the reaction of the cells is in a way a protective reflex.
- a culture stress is achieved in which the chlorella thus avoids its contamination and its disappearance.
- This chlorellin production is effective for concentrations of chlorella in the concentrate of between 20x10 6 and 10 9 cells per milliliter.
- the chlorelle concentrate 24 thus treated develops a large production of chlorelin for a period of up to 30 days, before drawing this concentrate by an outlet valve 30.
- a nitrogen supplement NPK will be advantageously introduced into the reactor, which will have the effect of feeding the chlorella, which will then be able to continue to multiply very slightly, in this connection having a tendency to die.
- FIG. 2 represents, in the perspective of an industrial installation, a reactor 14 comprising a cylindrical tank 20 made of stainless steel, arranged horizontally on legs 16.
- the tank 20 may have a volume of, for example, between 1 and 5 m 3 .
- the top of the tank 20 comprises a hatch 22 allowing the introduction of the chlorella concentrate 24.
- the base of one end of the tank comprises an outlet valve 30 allowing the extraction of the product obtained after a reaction time, which is enriched in chlorelline.
- the tank 20 comprises inside, in the upper part, a light source comprising a lighting 10 connected to an external power supply, delivering light radiation periodically to effect photosynthesis of the concentrate 24.
- the tank 20 comprises on the top a smooth mechanical stirring system 26, comprising an electric motor driving mixing blades 32 which have a geometry and a rotational speed designed not to degrade the cells of micro-algae.
- the tank 20 also has at one of its ends a bubbling system 28, in order to inject at the base of the concentrate 24 bubbles which generate in addition a movement of the material.
- FIG. 3 shows a reactor 18 for a more domestic installation comprising a transparent tube 40 arranged vertically and having at its upper end an opening closed by a plug 42, allowing the introduction of the chlorella concentrate 24.
- the volume of this domestic reactor can be of the order of 1 to 5 liters, and preferably close to 2 liters.
- the tube 40 placed on a support 44, has at its base an outlet valve 30 for extracting the enriched product, and next to a bubbling system 28 to introduce the bottom of the concentrate 24 air bubbles which will go up along the column formed in the tube 40, to stir the concentrate of microalgae.
- the bubbling system 28 is made simply by a small air pump.
- the reactor for domestic installation made very simply and economically, preferably using solar radiation as light source 10, can be made in the form of a transparent tube 40 having for example a diameter of 9 cm and a height of 60 cm.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1700821A FR3073229A1 (fr) | 2017-08-03 | 2017-08-03 | Procede de production d'elements utiles a partir d'un concentrat de microalgues |
| PCT/FR2018/000201 WO2019025668A1 (fr) | 2017-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Procédé de conservation de la chlorelle vivante et fraîche en vue de sa consommation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3662062A1 true EP3662062A1 (fr) | 2020-06-10 |
Family
ID=60080858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18766307.5A Withdrawn EP3662062A1 (fr) | 2017-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Procédé de conservation de la chlorelle vivante et fraîche en vue de sa consommation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3662062A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3073229A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019025668A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2696475B1 (fr) * | 1992-10-07 | 1995-06-30 | Conservatoire Nal Arts Metiers | Procede de production de micro-algues. |
| FR2907311B3 (fr) * | 2006-10-19 | 2009-01-16 | Didier Costes | Installation d'aquaculture pour micro-algues |
-
2017
- 2017-08-03 FR FR1700821A patent/FR3073229A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-08-03 EP EP18766307.5A patent/EP3662062A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-08-03 WO PCT/FR2018/000201 patent/WO2019025668A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3073229A1 (fr) | 2019-05-10 |
| WO2019025668A1 (fr) | 2019-02-07 |
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