EP3641805A1 - Vaccine for treating a malignancy - Google Patents
Vaccine for treating a malignancyInfo
- Publication number
- EP3641805A1 EP3641805A1 EP18732746.5A EP18732746A EP3641805A1 EP 3641805 A1 EP3641805 A1 EP 3641805A1 EP 18732746 A EP18732746 A EP 18732746A EP 3641805 A1 EP3641805 A1 EP 3641805A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- expression pattern
- hla
- malignancy
- cell membranes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000036210 malignancy Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 102100028970 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 101000986085 Homo sapiens HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 13
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 13
- 102100028966 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain F Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 101000986080 Homo sapiens HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain F Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 102100028972 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108010075704 HLA-A Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 108700018351 Major Histocompatibility Complex Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000020382 suppression by virus of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102000002698 KIR Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010043610 KIR Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 210000000612 antigen-presenting cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 101001109508 Homo sapiens NKG2-A/NKG2-B type II integral membrane protein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100022682 NKG2-A/NKG2-B type II integral membrane protein Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008105 immune reaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003259 immunoinhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100028967 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010024164 HLA-G Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000018697 Membrane Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010052285 Membrane Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001467552 Mycobacterium bovis BCG Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000033289 adaptive immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960000190 bacillus calmette–guérin vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000899 immune system response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 201000001441 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003196 serial analysis of gene expression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091033409 CRISPR Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010453 CRISPR/Cas method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000029816 Collagenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108060005980 Collagenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004533 Endonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000009485 HLA-D Antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010048896 HLA-D Antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940076838 Immune checkpoint inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091008109 Pseudogenes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000057361 Pseudogenes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091008874 T cell receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016266 T-Cell Antigen Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010017070 Zinc Finger Nucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000030741 antigen processing and presentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002424 collagenase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000035250 cutaneous malignant susceptibility to 1 melanoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001151 cytotoxic T lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004443 dendritic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002308 embryonic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010195 expression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003667 hormone antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007124 immune defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091008915 immune receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000027596 immune receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012274 immune-checkpoint protein inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009169 immunotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091008042 inhibitory receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001394 metastastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010061289 metastatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000590 oncogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002246 oncogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003169 placental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003753 real-time PCR Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000019491 signal transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002103 transcriptional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001573 trophoblastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
- A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
- C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
- C40B40/00—Libraries per se, e.g. arrays, mixtures
- C40B40/04—Libraries containing only organic compounds
- C40B40/14—Libraries containing macromolecular compounds and not covered by groups C40B40/06 - C40B40/12
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56966—Animal cells
- G01N33/56977—HLA or MHC typing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/70—Mechanisms involved in disease identification
- G01N2800/7023—(Hyper)proliferation
- G01N2800/7028—Cancer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of providing vaccines for the treatment of malignancies.
- neoantigens can be used as a target for immunological therapy.
- proteins or protein-like molecules that have an antigenic character (and thus cause a reaction of immunocompetent cells) and are based on new mutations in the genome in the context of malignant degeneration.
- neoantigens which cause a reaction of T cells, in particular CD8 + T cells in the case of MHC-I (Major Histocompatibility Complex, class I) presented neoantigens or of CD4 + T cells in the case of the MHC II (Major Histocompatibility Complex, class II) presented neoantigens.
- RNA analysis for example by RNA analysis, mass spectrometry or
- an individual vaccine can be developed and, e.g. by in vitro culture with dendritic cells.
- this detection can be cumbersome and error-prone, in particular due to the uncertainty of which new mutations are expressed to neoantigens, and due to neoantigens produced by
- Oncogenic or Splicingtinen be evoked without the new mutations are based.
- the high individuality and partially chaotic cell organization leads even within a tumor disease to differences, such as neoantigens of metastases compared to neoantigens of the primary tumor.
- Histocompatibility antigen human leucocyte antigen, HLA
- HLA human leucocyte antigen
- HLA groups which serves the cellular dialogue in humans.
- HLA designates genes coding in the literature or proteins expressed by them.
- HLA groups used below is intended to denote the surface proteins expressed by the genes on the cell surface.
- HLA groups can be divided into the following four classes:
- HLA groups A. B and C (MHC I), which identify essentially all adult and somatic cells;
- HLA groups D (DRB, DQB, etc., MHC-II), which play an important role in antigen presentation for immunocompetent cells;
- HLA groups E, F and G the embryonic cells, in particular at the
- Malignant cells can express typical "embryonic" HLA groups (i.e., HLA-E, HLA-F and / or HLA-G) on their surface.
- "Embryonic" HLA groups can help to prevent malignant cells from attacking the nonspecific and / or specific immune system of their own organism.
- these typical HLA groups By expressing these typical HLA groups on the surface of the cells, they are able to activate corresponding receptors on immunocompetent cells.
- they are receptors that, upon activation, inhibit the function of these immunocompetent cells, such as the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) on the natural killer cells, or the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) on the lymphocytes.
- KIR killer immunoglobulin-like receptors
- LILR leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors
- the antigens HLA-E, -F and -G on the embryonic (mainly on placental or trophoblastic) cells prevent the immune system of the Mother attacks the cells. In this way, embryos can escape the immune response.
- This escape mechanism provides the backbone of the immunological
- a method of the invention for providing a medicament for treating a malignancy comprises determining the individual communication structure between the malignancy and the immune system, and providing an individual vaccine to elicit a specific immune response.
- HLA histocompatibility antigens
- Chemotherapeutics or hormone antagonists may further influence expression patterns. A determination of the individual expression patterns addresses these differences.
- malignant cell also includes metastatic cells of the primary malignancy.
- the method according to the invention is carried out individually for preferably several, particularly preferably for all metastases, in order to check for any individual differences in the metastases, in particular their individual expression patterns
- Tissue sample masked or removed existing expression pattern, which is able to exert an inhibitory effect on immunocompetent cells.
- those cells are lysed on which a part of the expression pattern has been masked or removed to obtain cell membranes or fragments of cell membranes for injection. At the same time, this lysis leads to the danger that the destroyed malignant cell can no longer pose a danger.
- the histocompatibility antigens whose expression pattern is determined comprise "embryonic" HLA groups, in particular HLA-E, -F and / or -G.
- the part of the expression pattern to be masked or removed comprises the embryonic HLA groups, in particular HLA-E, -F and / or -G.
- the at least part of the embryonic HLA groups in particular HLA-E, -F and / or -G.
- Antibody masking may inhibit binding of the masked histocompatibility antigens
- antibodies Prevent receptors of immunocompetent cells and thus break the escape mechanism of the malignancy.
- examples of such antibodies include anti-HLA-E antibodies, anti-HLA-F antibodies or anti-HLA-G antibodies.
- combined or multi-valent antibodies can be used.
- Removal by genetic manipulation may remove the binding of the removed
- the cells are lysed by means of mechanical or biochemical cell disruption methods, in particular by means of hypotonic lysis.
- the cells may be burst in hypo-osmolar solution.
- the cell assemblage of the tissue sample is dissolved to obtain a single cell suspension.
- the dissolution can, for example, be carried out enzymatically by means of trypsin or collagenase.
- the invention provides cell membranes which have been provided by a method according to the invention.
- the cell membrane may have an expression pattern of
- the provided cell membranes are suitable to be used as a vaccine in the treatment of a malignancy for specific activation of the immune system.
- the invention provides the use of cell membranes of the invention as a medicament in the treatment of a malignancy.
- the cell membranes can serve as a vaccine for specific activation of the immune system in vivo.
- the cell membranes may be used to "train" immunocompetent cells, particularly T cells, in vitro, i. to activate at the neoantigens, and to re-inject the trained or activated immunocompetent cells into the organism.
- immunocompetent cells may be withdrawn, exposed to cell membranes or the vaccine, and backfused after activation.
- Embodiments according to claim 10 include the use of the cell membranes as a vaccine containing the cell membranes or at least fragments of the
- the use may include injection of the vaccine.
- the use of cell membranes may be local or systemic. Local use includes, for example, injection into or near the malignancy.
- systemic use includes administration in one of the following ways: oral, nasal, sublingual, rectal, subcutaneous, intravenous, percutaneous, etc.
- the use may also include the use of checkpoint inhibitors and / or classical adjuvants to enhance the
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for providing a medicament according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a performance of a method according to an embodiment
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an implementation of a method according to another embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cell membrane according to an embodiment
- FIG. 5 shows a use of a cell membrane according to an embodiment
- FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a method 10 for providing a
- the method 10 is preceded by a removal 12 of a tissue sample.
- the method 10 includes determining 14 a
- Expression pattern masking or removing 16 an immune-inhibiting part of the expression pattern, and providing 18 cell membranes by lysing the cells.
- Upon removal 12 of a tissue sample at least cells of the malignant to be treated are removed.
- the removal of the tissue sample may include, for example, surgery or biopsy.
- a malignoma-specific expression pattern a malignoma-specific
- Expression pattern of histocompatibility antigens determined on the tissue sample.
- the determination of the expression pattern can be based on the known
- Histocompatibility antigens may be restricted, i. comprise only a limited number of predetermined proteins.
- the determination of the expression pattern can be made more specific and less expensive than the determination of neoantigens whose number and composition are not limited or known a priori.
- the determination of the expression pattern comprises the quantitative
- expression patterns or expression levels can be determined by known methods such as R A sequencing, DNA microarrays, quantitative PCR (PCR), expression profiling, SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression, etc.).
- Expression pattern is masked or removed at least such a part of the existing on the cells of the tissue sample expression pattern, which is able to exert an inhibitory effect on immunocompetent cells.
- Expression pattern also other parts of the expression pattern can be masked or removed. If they are not masked or removed, histocompatibility antigens with an inhibitory effect can be found, for example, on KIR receptors (Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors), NKG2 receptors, LIL-R receptors
- ⁇ immunoglobulin-like receptors from immunocompetent cells.
- histocompatibility antigens with an inhibitory effect are, in particular, the embryonic groups HLA-E, HLA-F and HLA-G.
- the inhibitory effect is mediated by receptor-ligand binding between the histocompatibility antigens (ligand) and receptors on the immunocompetent cells.
- ligand histocompatibility antigens
- receptors on the immunocompetent cells By masking or removing the inhibitory part of the expressed histocompatibility antigens is prevented or at least reduced its inhibitory effect on immunocompetent cells.
- HLA-A to -C histocompatibility antigens
- HLA-D histocompatibility antigens
- MHC-I HLA groups -A, -B and -C
- MHC-II HLA groups DQB, DRB etc.
- Histocompatibility antigens should be removed or masked.
- the steps of the tissue sampling 12 and the expression pattern determination 14 serve to determine the individual communication structure between the malignant and the immune system. In particular, this may identify any escape mechanisms that the malignancy uses to target one
- the steps of masking or removal 16 and lysis 18 serve to provide an individual vaccine for eliciting a specific immune response.
- the delivery of the vaccine occurs in vitro, i. before injection of the cell membranes. Based on the previous determination of the individual
- Neoantigens respond to the immune system - due to the masking without inhibitory effect of the inhibitory histocompatibility antigens - especially on these neoantigens and initiates an immune response.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a performance of a method. Clockwise, beginning at the top left corner, a sequence of schematic views at different times of carrying out the method are shown.
- An individual 20 has a malignancy 22.
- it is a primary tumor, although other embodiments of metastases can be performed.
- the malignant tumor 22 may be a malignant melanoma.
- Malignant melanomas typically have a large number of neoantigens.
- a tissue sample 24 was taken comprising cells 26 of the malignant 22.
- an expression pattern 28 of histocompatibility antigens is determined. This determination indicates that a cell 26 of the tissue sample 24 expresses the expression pattern 28 with, for example, three different groups of histocompatibility antigens in the illustrated case.
- the three histocompatibility antigens in this case are proteins of the groups HLA-E, HLA-A and HLA-F.
- the proteins of the HLA-E and HLA-F groups are capable of exerting an inhibitory effect on immunocompetent cells.
- HLA-F is able to bind to LIL receptors of the lymphocytes and to attenuate the activity of the lymphocytes.
- HLA-E is also able to bind to NKG2 receptors, for example, and to attenuate the activity of natural killer cells.
- the groups HLA-E and HLA-F thus form a part 29 of the expression pattern 28, which can weaken or prevent the immune response.
- Inhibitory action is intended here to denote the immunomodulatory effect which reduces or prevents the cytotoxic activity of immunocompetent cells.
- This signaling pathway may be, for example, via the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), i. cytoplasmic phosphorylation.
- ITIM immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif
- the proteins of the HLA-A group are essentially unable to
- the malignant cells 26 on their surfaces also include typical neoantigens 33 that are based on new mutations in the course of malignant degeneration.
- the neoantigens 33 are shown schematically here, although a determination of these neoantigens is not necessary.
- the inhibiting part 29 is thus the histocompatibility antigens of the groups HLA-E and HLA-F, but not HLA-A.
- HLA groups of classes I or II such as HLA-A, for example
- HLA-A HLA-A
- MHC-I MHC-I
- HLA groups -A, -B and -C MHC-I
- HLA-E groups can be masked by anti-HLA-E antibodies.
- HLA-F groups can be masked by anti-HLA-F antibody.
- bivalent antibodies (anti-HLA-E / F) may be used. After masking by the antibodies 36, the HLA-E and HLA-F groups can no longer be linked to the corresponding LIL or NKG2 receptors of bind immunocompetent cells and thus exert no inhibitory effect on the immunocompetent cells.
- the antibodies Prevents or reduces histocompatibility antigens on receptors present on immunocompetent cells.
- the antibodies Preferably, have a high affinity for the histocompatibility antigens, in particular comparable to, greater than or substantially greater than the affinity of the immune receptors.
- the affinity is high enough to prevent diffusion and / or competitive displacement of the antibodies.
- the cells 26 After masking the immuno-inhibitory portion 29 of the expression pattern 28, the cells 26 (at which a portion of the expression pattern has been masked) are lysed to obtain cell membranes 32 for injection.
- the cell membranes 32 In addition to the expression pattern 28 of histocompatibility antigens, the cell membranes 32 also have the malignant-typical neoantigens 33, as well as the antibodies 36 which mask the inhibitory part 29 of the expression pattern 28. Injection (not shown) of the cell membranes 32 may be made to the individual 20 from which the tissue sample 24 has been taken with malignant cells 26.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an implementation of a further method.
- a sequence of schematic views at various times in the implementation of the method are shown in the clockwise direction, starting at the top left.
- tissue sample 24 containing cells 26 of a malignant 22 is taken from an individual 20 and the expression pattern 28 of FIG.
- Histocompatibility antigens determined at least one cell 26.
- the cells 26 have malignoma-typical neoantigens 33.
- the part 29 of the expression pattern capable of exerting an inhibitory effect on immunocompetent cells is removed by means of gene manipulation methods.
- HLA-A was not removed in the case shown here, since some neoantigens require the MHC-I. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, not all cells are all
- Histocompatibility antigens removed to ensure specific activation of the immune system by the presented neoantigens.
- this removal can be achieved by means of a Crispr / CAS method in which the DNA segments coding for the histocompatibility antigens of groups HLA-E and HLA-F are excised from the genome of cells 26 and the cells thus modified are cultured ,
- This provides cells 26 which are substantially identical to the sampled malignant cells without, however, expressing the immuno-inhibiting portion 29 of the histocompatibility antigens (shown schematically by dashed outlines of part 29).
- the cells in any case express the malignoma-typical neoantigens 33.
- Those cells 26 whose inhibitory part 29 has been removed are lysed to obtain cell membranes for injection.
- the cell membranes 29 exert no or at least a reduced inhibitory effect on the immune system due to the removal of the part 29. However, they still include neoantigens 33 to be able to trigger an immune response after injection.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a vaccine 34 from a cell membrane 32 provided by a method according to the invention, starting from a malignancy (not shown).
- a malignancy not shown
- it may be a cell membrane provided according to the embodiment of FIG. 2.
- the cell membrane 32 has an expression pattern 28 of histocompatibility antigens. A portion 29 of the expression pattern 28 capable of inhibiting Immune system response was masked by antibodies 36. In this way, the inhibitory effect of the part 29 of the expression pattern 28 on the immune system can be avoided or at least reduced.
- the cell membrane 32 further comprises neoantigens 33.
- the neoantigens are proteins based on new mutations of the genome of malignant cells in the course of malignant degeneration. The neoantigens are characteristic of the malignancy and are capable of eliciting an immune system response (if the immune response is not inhibited).
- the illustrated cell membrane 32 is capable of being used as a vaccine 34 in the treatment of a malignancy for specific activation of the immune system.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a use of a cell membrane 32 according to FIG. 4 as a vaccine 34 for the treatment of a malignancy.
- the cell membrane 32 was provided from a tissue sample with cells of the malignant tumor to be treated.
- the cell membrane 32 is injected with bound antibodies 36 which mask an inhibitory part 29 of the expression pattern of histocompatibility antigens and with neoantigens 33 in the organism affected by the malignancy.
- the immunocompetent cells of the organism recognize some of the
- Cell membranes neoantigens 33 are expressed and presented, which the organism does not know, it comes to the development of a corresponding immune response, e.g. Formation of antibodies and / or activation of T cells. Since no immuno-inhibitory histocompatibility antigens are "visible", this immune response is not blocked.
- the cell membranes 32 provided according to the invention have, in particular, two interactions with the immune system 30.
- the neoantigens 33 which are typical of the malignancy, evoke an adaptive immune response against these malignoma-typical neoantigens.
- the part 29 of the histocompatibility antigens can not inhibit the immune response due to its masking by antibodies 36 or at least reduced. In the unmasked state, the part 29 would be able to inhibit a response of the immune system 30, in particular to the neo-antigens 33.
- the immune system 30 of the organism triggers an immune reaction.
- the immune system 30 comprises, in the schematic representation, immunocompetent cells 30a, 30b, namely, antigen presenting cells (APC) 30a and CD8 + T cells 30b.
- APC antigen presenting cells
- the immune system 30 can recognize any cells 38 with the underlying neoantigens 33. These include in particular the cells of the malignancy, from the tissue sample of the vaccine in the form of
- Neuterutationen or neoantigens for example by means of complex sequencing.
- the immune response can be carried out, for example, by means of CD8 + T cells 30b with T cell receptors.
- the cytotoxic T cells 30b may be replaced by antigen presenting cells 30a containing the neoantigen 33 or a partial peptide of the
- Neoantigens 33 present have been activated.
- the activated T-cells 30b recognize a malignant cell 38 from the neo-antigen 33, they initiate apoptosis (represented by dashed outlines of the malignant cell 38) of the malignant cells.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017005815.6A DE102017005815A1 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2017-06-20 | Vaccine for the treatment of a malignancy |
PCT/EP2018/066211 WO2018234287A1 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-06-19 | Vaccine for treating a malignancy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3641805A1 true EP3641805A1 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
Family
ID=62684808
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18732746.5A Pending EP3641805A1 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-06-19 | Vaccine for treating a malignancy |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200129602A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3641805A1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2020525440A (en) |
CA (1) | CA3066339A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017005815A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018234287A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4470007B2 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2010-06-02 | コミサリア・ア・レネルジー・アトミーク | Method for selecting tumors that express HLA-G and are sensitive to anti-cancer therapy and uses thereof |
DE102011111631A1 (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-02-28 | Wolfgang Würfel | Process for the preparation of medicaments for combating tumors |
US10656156B2 (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2020-05-19 | Mepur Ravindranath | Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of HLA-E monospecific monoclonal IgG antibodies directed against tumor cell surface and soluble HLA-E |
US20160045594A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2016-02-18 | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center | Directed immune stimulation |
EP3659625A1 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2020-06-03 | Innate Pharma | Treatment of cancers using anti-nkg2a agents |
US10758567B2 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2020-09-01 | Immune Ventures LLC | In vivo priming of natural killer cells |
-
2017
- 2017-06-20 DE DE102017005815.6A patent/DE102017005815A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-06-19 JP JP2019570941A patent/JP2020525440A/en active Pending
- 2018-06-19 CA CA3066339A patent/CA3066339A1/en active Pending
- 2018-06-19 WO PCT/EP2018/066211 patent/WO2018234287A1/en unknown
- 2018-06-19 US US16/621,188 patent/US20200129602A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-06-19 EP EP18732746.5A patent/EP3641805A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-07 JP JP2023093815A patent/JP2023113854A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20200129602A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
DE102017005815A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
WO2018234287A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
JP2023113854A (en) | 2023-08-16 |
CA3066339A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
JP2020525440A (en) | 2020-08-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE60027719T2 (en) | CANCER THERAPY | |
DE69735643T2 (en) | IL12 for gene therapy of tumors | |
EP2658566B1 (en) | Sirna against cbl-b combined with cytokines and interferons in the treatment of cancer | |
DE69034053T2 (en) | TRANSFORMATION OF ANIMAL SOMATIC CELLS BY PARTICLE | |
DE19541284C2 (en) | Immunomodulation method | |
DE69231250T2 (en) | COMBINED CELLULAR AND IMMUNE SUPPRESSIVE THERAPIES | |
WO2006015560A1 (en) | Immunomodulating agent used in conjunction with chemotherapy | |
EP1124575B1 (en) | Method for the production of an antiviral agent | |
Blizzard et al. | Inducing chronic excitotoxicity in the mouse spinal cord to investigate lower motor neuron degeneration | |
DE102011111631A1 (en) | Process for the preparation of medicaments for combating tumors | |
DE19917195B4 (en) | Peptide for triggering an immune reaction against tumor cells, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, their uses, nucleic acid coding therefor and expression vector containing said nucleic acid | |
DE102021001841A1 (en) | Sensory nucleic acids for the diagnosis and treatment of viral and neoplastic diseases | |
EP1223974A2 (en) | Medicament in order to induce tolerance | |
EP1185279A2 (en) | Agents for treating malignant diseases using e1a-deficient adenoviruses with yb-1 protein-dependent replication | |
DE69231093T2 (en) | Use of a cellular composition for the treatment of human or animal organisms | |
EP3641805A1 (en) | Vaccine for treating a malignancy | |
EP3586132B1 (en) | Medicament for malignant tumor treatment | |
DE69712907T2 (en) | IMMUNOGENIC TLP COMPOSITION | |
DE10120505A1 (en) | Use of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells for the treatment of cancer | |
Kansy et al. | Immuntherapie–Die neue Ära in der Onkologie | |
US7700134B2 (en) | Prevention of cisplatin induced deafness | |
DE102008019916A1 (en) | Use of proteasome inhibitors e.g. for the elimination of durable plasma cells, and for treating diseases that are associated with pathogenic antibodies, e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombopenia | |
DE10238922A1 (en) | Immune markers for diagnosis and therapy in connection with graft reactions | |
DE102014106327A1 (en) | TAL-Effektornuklease for targeted knockout of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 | |
DE202024102878U1 (en) | A system to evaluate the effects of reticulon 3 (RTN3) on neuronal regeneration and functional recovery after nerve injury in rats |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20191217 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20230612 |