EP3629100B1 - Symmetrical device for guiding two elements, especially for timepieces - Google Patents

Symmetrical device for guiding two elements, especially for timepieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3629100B1
EP3629100B1 EP18196767.0A EP18196767A EP3629100B1 EP 3629100 B1 EP3629100 B1 EP 3629100B1 EP 18196767 A EP18196767 A EP 18196767A EP 3629100 B1 EP3629100 B1 EP 3629100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mechanical device
elastic
time cam
elastic member
control part
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EP18196767.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3629100A1 (en
Inventor
David Chabloz
Marc Lemonnier
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Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Patek Philippe SA Geneve
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Priority to EP18196767.0A priority Critical patent/EP3629100B1/en
Publication of EP3629100A1 publication Critical patent/EP3629100A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G04B19/262—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like with indicators for astrological informations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a symmetrical guide device for two elements, in particular for watchmaking.
  • a pincer or a clamp, such as a split-seconds pincer in a chronograph, the two branches of which are controlled by a column wheel, or of two synchronized rockers.
  • the present invention aims to remedy, at least in part, these drawbacks and to this end proposes a mechanical device according to claim 1, particular embodiments being defined in the dependent claims.
  • the figures 1 and 2 show a mechanical device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the mechanical device 1 comprises a fixed or mobile support 2, shown schematically, and an elastic system 3 mounted on this support 2.
  • the elastic system 3 comprises first and second elements 4, 5 to be guided, a fixing part 6 fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2 by gluing, driving, screwing, welding, brazing or the like, a control part 7, a first elastic member 8 connecting the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 connecting the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 connecting the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 connecting the second element 5 to the control part 7.
  • the fixing part 6, the control part 7 and the elastic members 8 to 11 constitute a guide device making it possible to guide the first and second elements 4, 5 symmetrically and simultaneously with respect to the support 2.
  • the elastic members 8 to 11 extend in the same plane P1, as visible at figure 2 , and are elastically deformable substantially only in this plane, their stiffness perpendicular to the plane P1 being sufficiently high to prevent them from deforming outside this plane.
  • the elastic members 8 to 11 are each constituted by an elastic strip of straight shape at rest and are, at rest, arranged in a square.
  • the fixing part 6, the control part 7 and the elements 4, 5 to be guided are rigid, that is to say they do not deform, or hardly at all, during the normal operation of the elastic system 3.
  • the elasticity of the elastic members 8 to 11 allows the control part 7 and the elements 4, 5 to move relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2 in the plane P1.
  • the assembly constituted by the first elastic member 8, the first element 4 and the third elastic member 10 and the assembly constituted by the second elastic member 9, the second member 5 and the fourth elastic member 11 are symmetrical to one of the 'other with respect to a plane P2 which is perpendicular to the plane P1.
  • a translation of the control part 7 relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2 along a straight line D formed by the intersection of the planes P1 and P2 causes, by a guiding action exerted by the members elastic bands 8 to 11, a displacement of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 following a circular path whose center is located on the line D, the displacement of the second element 5 being symmetrical and simultaneous with that of the first element 4 with respect to the plane P2.
  • the figures 3 and 4 show by two dotted circles C the circular trajectory of the elements 4, 5.
  • the elastic system 3 is shown in its rest state (dotted line) and in a deformed state (solid line) caused by a movement of the control part 7 downwards.
  • the elastic system 3 is shown in its rest state (dotted line) and in a deformed state (solid line) caused by movement of the control part 7 upwards.
  • each elastic member 8 to 11 is a blade of curved shape in the rest state.
  • the elastic members 8 to 11 can thus, for example, be in the form of convex blades together defining a circle ( figure 9 ) or in the form of concave blades arranged in a star ( figure 10 ).
  • Hybrid geometries (not shown) can also be envisaged, with a straight blade and a curved blade on each side of the plane P2.
  • the center of rotation of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 is the point of intersection of the respective straight lines defined by these blades at rest.
  • the center of rotation of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 is located on the line D at a position which depends on the geometry of these blades.
  • FIG. 11 Another embodiment is illustrated on figure 11 .
  • the fixing part 6 is in two parts 6a, 6b (but could be in one part) and the first and second elastic members 8, 9 are, at rest, straight and parallel.
  • a translation of the control part 7 along the straight line D causes, by a guiding action exerted by the elastic members 8 to 11, a translation of the elements 4, 5 perpendicular to the straight line D as indicated by the arrows.
  • the symmetry and the simultaneity of the movements of the elements 4, 5 to be guided are excellent and these movements take place without the friction experienced by devices with physical axes of rotation or with guide grooves.
  • the elastic members 8 to 11 in fact constitute a flexible guide for the elements 4, 5 which therefore do not need to be guided by axes rotating in bearings or slides sliding in grooves.
  • the elastic system 3 can consist of a monolithic part, or be part of such a monolithic part, made for example of silicon, metal, alloy, ceramic, diamond, glass or metallic glass by means of techniques such as, depending on the material, DRIE, LIGA, spark erosion, casting, etc.
  • the mechanical device according to the invention is simple, compact and robust.
  • the present invention is not limited to a coplanar arrangement of the elastic members 8 to 11.
  • the first and second elastic members 8, 9, for example, could be in two different parallel planes and intersect without contact in the manner of a flexible pivot with separate crossed blades, their crossing defining the axis of rotation around which the elements 4, 5 rotate when the control part 7 is actuated.
  • the assembly constituted by the first elastic member 8, the first element 4 and the third elastic member 10 is symmetrical with the assembly formed by the second elastic member 9, the second element 5 and the fourth elastic member 11 with respect to the straight line D of displacement of the control part 7 in top plan view of the mechanical device.
  • the elastic system 3 is monostable and the control part 7 which controls the movement of the elements 4, 5 is itself controlled by a member such as an eccentric or a micrometric screw capable of bringing and stopping the control part 7 at any one of a continuum of positions.
  • the elastic system 3 bistable, as shown in figures 12 and 13 , by connecting the control part 7 to two points 12, 13 fixed relative to the support 2 by two flamed blades 14, 15 symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane P2, more generally with respect to the straight line D in top plan view of the mechanical device 1.
  • the elastic system 3 can then occupy a first stable state ( figure 12 ) in which the control part 7 is in a low position and a second stable state ( figure 13 ) in which the control part 7 is in a high position.
  • the passage of the control part 7 from one of its low and high positions to the other causes the elements 4, 5 to pass from a well-defined position, for example a rest position, to another well-defined position, for example. example an active position.
  • These positions can be adjusted by varying the compression ratio of the flamed blades 14, 15.
  • the flamed blades 14, 15 can be replaced by preformed blades having in the rest state the shape of a flamed blade.
  • each elastic member 8 to 11 can be in the form of a blade of variable section, for example. of a blade comprising one or more flexible portions, such as collars, and one or more rigid intermediate portions.
  • each elastic member 8 to 11 can be in the form of several blades of constant or variable section.
  • the mechanical device 1 finds applications in the field of mechanics, for example for the production of pincers or pliers, and more particularly in the field of micromechanics, in particular watchmaking.
  • the figure 14 shows a first horological application of the invention.
  • the mechanical device 1 shown in figure 14 is an oscillator mounted on a support 2, the support 2 typically being the plate of a mechanical watch movement such as the movement of a wristwatch or a pocket watch.
  • the oscillator is of the type described in the patent application WO 2017/055983 of the plaintiff. It comprises a balance 16 connected and suspended from a base 17 by separate crossed blades 18, 19.
  • the base 17 is an elastic system of the type of the elastic system 3 illustrated in figures 1 to 11 .
  • It comprises a fixing part 6 fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2, a control part 7, of the first and second elements 4, 5 to be guided, a first elastic member 8 connecting the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 connecting the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 connecting the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 connecting the second element 5 to the control part 7.
  • the separate crossed blades 18, 19 form a flexible pivot guiding the balance 16 in rotation about a corresponding virtual axis, in top plan view of the mechanical device 1, at their crossing point 20.
  • the separate crossed blades 18, 19 exert moreover, an elastic return function of the balance 16 in a position of equilibrium.
  • One, 18, of the blades 18, 19 is joined by one of its ends to the balance 16 and by its other end to the first element 4.
  • the other, 19, of the blades 18, 19 is joined by one of its ends to the balance 16 and by its other end to the second element 5.
  • the elements 4, 5 are stationary relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2.
  • the stiffness of the blades forming the elastic members 8 to 11 is in fact greater than that of the blades 18. , 19 of the flexible pivot.
  • An eccentric 21 in contact with the control part 7 can be actuated manually to move the control part 7 in translation along a straight line D which, in plan view from above of the mechanical device 1, is a line of symmetry for the base 17. This translational movement can be guided by means of a pin 22 fixed to the support 2 and engaged in an oblong hole 23 of the control part 7.
  • This translational movement causes a symmetrical and simultaneous movement of the elements 4, 5 in rotation about a corresponding axis, in top plan view of the mechanical device 1, at the point of intersection of the straight lines along which extend the first and second elastic members 8, 9 at rest.
  • the elements 4, 5 can be moved closer or further from each other in order to adjust the position of the crossing point 20 of the separate crossed blades 18, 19 and thus improve, for example, the isochronism of the 'oscillator, as described in the patent application WO 2017/055983 .
  • the orientation of the first and second elastic members 8, 9 is chosen so that the point of intersection of the straight lines which they define when they are at rest coincides, in plan view from above, with the point of intersection 20 of the separated crossed blades 18, 19 at rest.
  • the rotation of the elements 4, 5 during the adjustment by means of the eccentric 21 is effected without moving the balance 16 along the straight line D.
  • the escapement (not shown) is therefore not moved along the line D either. This avoids modifying the penetration depth of the pin in the fork of the anchor, and therefore the safety of the escapement.
  • the balance 16 and the peg that it carries do not move perpendicularly to the line D during the adjustment either by means of the eccentric 21. This makes it possible to preserve and guarantee the symmetry of the mark of the ankle between the two alternations of the balance 16 and therefore not to modify the angle of lift when adjusting the position of the crossing point 20.
  • the figures 15 to 18 show a second horological application of the invention.
  • the mechanical device 1 shown in figures 15 to 18 is a device for driving a display of the hours of sunrise and sunset mounted on a support 2, the support 2 typically being the plate of a mechanical watch movement such as the movement of a wristwatch or 'a pocket watch.
  • a sunrise time sensor 24 movable in translation is held in abutment against a sunrise time cam 25 by an elastic member (not shown).
  • This feeler 24 carries a toothing 26 forming a rack which meshes with a wheel (not shown) carrying a hand indicating the hours of sunrise.
  • a sunset time sensor 27 movable in translation is held in abutment against a sunset time cam 28 by an elastic member (not shown).
  • This feeler 27 carries a toothing 29 forming a rack which meshes with a wheel (not shown) carrying a hand indicating the hours of sunset.
  • the sunrise hours cam 25 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 30 which meshes with a drive wheel 31 itself driven, typically at the rate of one revolution per year, by the cog of the mechanical watch movement.
  • the sunset hours cam 28 is coaxial and integral with another wheel 32 which meshes with the drive wheel 31. More details on this device can be found in the patent application. EP 18152022.2 of the plaintiff.
  • the sunrise time cam 25 and the sunset time cam 28 are in fact winter cams.
  • the mechanical device 1 further comprises a summer sunrise times cam 33 and a sunset times cam summer 34.
  • These summer cams 33, 34 have a larger profile than the winter cams 25, 28.
  • the summer sunrise time cam 33 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 35 which meshes with a second drive wheel 36 coaxial and integral with the drive wheel 31, and the assemblies 25, 30 and 33, 35 are superimposed but mounted on different physical axes.
  • the summer sunset time cam 34 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 37 which meshes with the second drive wheel 36, and the assemblies 28, 32 and 34, 37 are superimposed but mounted on physical axes different.
  • Each feeler 24, 27 has a sufficient height to be able to cooperate with one or other of the corresponding winter and summer cams.
  • An elastic system 3 as described above in relation to the figures 1 to 11 comprises a fixing part 6 which is coaxial with the mobile formed by the drive wheels 31, 36 and which is fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2, a control part 7, a first element 4 serving as a bearing for the common axis of rotation of the summer sunrise hours cam 33 and of the wheel 35, a second element 5 serving as a bearing for the common axis of rotation of the summer sunset time cam 34 and of the wheel 37, a first elastic member 8 which connects the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 which connects the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 which connects the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 which connects the second element 5 to the control part 7.
  • the elastic system 3 is further made bistable, in the same way as illustrated in figures 12 and 13 , by flamed or preformed flamed blades 14, 15 connecting the control part 7 respectively to two points 12, 13 fixed relative to the support 2.
  • the elastic system 3 is in a first stable state where the summer sunrise times cam 33 is set back relative to the winter sunrise times cam 25, and where the summer sunrise times cam summer sunset 34 is set back with respect to the winter sunset time cam 28, allowing the probes 24, 27 to cooperate respectively with the winter cams 25, 28.
  • the control part 7 When summer time changes, the control part 7 is actuated by the user, by means of an actuating device (not shown), along a line of symmetry D of the elastic system 3 for move the elements 4, 5 and therefore the axes of the summer cams 33, 34 in rotation around the imaginary axis of rotation of the drive wheels 31, 36, the axes of the winter cams 25, 28 keeping them , their position, being mounted on the support 2.
  • the elastic system 3 then passes into a second stable state where the summer sunrise times cam 33 and the winter sunrise times cam 25 are coaxial and where the summer sunset times cam 34 and the winter sunset times cam 28 are coaxial ( figures 17 and 18 ).
  • each feeler 24, 27 is offset in translation by a distance corresponding to an offset of one hour. the sunrise / sunset time indicated by the corresponding indicator hand, allowing the angular position of the indicator hand to be adapted to summer time.
  • the summer cams 33, 34 are returned to their initial position by actuation of the control part 7 to shift the indication of the sunrise / sunset time from time to time. 'one hour in the other direction.

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Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de guidage symétrique de deux éléments, notamment pour l'horlogerie.The present invention relates to a symmetrical guide device for two elements, in particular for watchmaking.

Dans le domaine de l'horlogerie mécanique et plus généralement de la mécanique, on a parfois besoin de commander deux éléments pour qu'ils se déplacent symétriquement et simultanément. Il peut s'agir par exemple des branches d'une tenaille ou d'une pince, telle qu'une pince de rattrapante dans un chronographe dont les deux branches sont commandées par une roue à colonnes, ou de deux bascules synchronisées.In the field of mechanical watchmaking and more generally of mechanics, it is sometimes necessary to control two elements so that they move symmetrically and simultaneously. They may for example be the branches of a pincer or a clamp, such as a split-seconds pincer in a chronograph, the two branches of which are controlled by a column wheel, or of two synchronized rockers.

A cause des tolérances de fabrication et d'assemblage et des jeux de fonctionnement, la symétrie et la simultanéité des déplacements des deux éléments sont très imparfaites. De plus, la commande et le déplacement de ces deux éléments peuvent engendrer des frottements importants. Ces deux éléments et leur dispositif de commande et de guidage peuvent en outre présenter un grand encombrement, notamment en hauteur.Because of manufacturing and assembly tolerances and operating clearances, the symmetry and simultaneity of the movements of the two elements are very imperfect. In addition, the control and movement of these two elements can generate significant friction. These two elements and their control and guiding device can also have a large bulk, especially in height.

La présente invention vise à remédier, en partie au moins, à ces inconvénients et propose à cette fin un dispositif mécanique selon la revendication 1, des modes de réalisation particuliers étant définis dans les revendications dépendantes.The present invention aims to remedy, at least in part, these drawbacks and to this end proposes a mechanical device according to claim 1, particular embodiments being defined in the dependent claims.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée suivante faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue plane de dessus d'un dispositif mécanique selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, comprenant un système élastique qui comprend lui-même deux éléments à guider et un dispositif de guidage symétrique de ces deux éléments ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de ce système élastique ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 montrent ce système élastique respectivement dans un premier état déformé et dans un deuxième état déformé ;
  • les figures 5 à 13 sont des vues planes de dessus du système élastique de dispositifs mécaniques selon d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 14 est une vue plane de dessus d'un dispositif mécanique selon l'invention comprenant un système élastique associé à un oscillateur ;
  • les figures 15 et 16 sont respectivement une vue plane de dessous et une vue plane de dessus d'un dispositif mécanique selon l'invention comprenant un système élastique associé à un dispositif d'entraînement d'un affichage des heures de lever et de coucher du soleil, ce dernier étant représenté dans une configuration de mesure de l'heure de lever et de l'heure de coucher du soleil pendant la période correspondant à l'heure d'hiver ;
  • les figures 17 et 18 sont respectivement une vue plane de dessous et une vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique illustré aux figures 15 et 16, le dispositif d'entraînement de l'affichage des heures de lever et de coucher du soleil étant représenté dans une configuration de mesure de l'heure de lever et de l'heure de coucher du soleil pendant la période correspondant à l'heure d'été.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent on reading the following detailed description given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a top plan view of a mechanical device according to a first embodiment of the invention, comprising an elastic system which itself comprises two elements to be guided and a symmetrical guide device for these two elements;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of this elastic system;
  • the figures 3 and 4 show this elastic system respectively in a first deformed state and in a second deformed state;
  • the figures 5 to 13 are top plan views of the elastic system of mechanical devices according to other embodiments of the invention;
  • the figure 14 is a top plan view of a mechanical device according to the invention comprising an elastic system associated with an oscillator;
  • the figures 15 and 16 are respectively a bottom plan view and a top plan view of a mechanical device according to the invention comprising an elastic system associated with a device for driving a display of the times of sunrise and sunset, the latter being shown in a measurement configuration of the sunrise time and the sunset time during the period corresponding to winter time;
  • the figures 17 and 18 are respectively a bottom plan view and a top plan view of the mechanical device illustrated in figures 15 and 16 , the driving device for the display of the sunrise and sunset times being shown in a measurement configuration of the sunrise time and the sunset time during the period corresponding to the time of day. 'summer.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent un dispositif mécanique 1 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. Le dispositif mécanique 1 comprend un support 2 fixe ou mobile, représenté schématiquement, et un système élastique 3 monté sur ce support 2. Le système élastique 3 comprend des premier et deuxième éléments 4, 5 à guider, une partie de fixation 6 fixée directement ou indirectement au support 2 par collage, chassage, vissage, soudage, brasage ou autre, une partie de commande 7, un premier organe élastique 8 reliant la partie de fixation 6 au premier élément 4, un deuxième organe élastique 9 reliant la partie de fixation 6 au deuxième élément 5, un troisième organe élastique 10 reliant le premier élément 4 à la partie de commande 7 et un quatrième organe élastique 11 reliant le deuxième élément 5 à la partie de commande 7. La partie de fixation 6, la partie de commande 7 et les organes élastiques 8 à 11 constituent un dispositif de guidage permettant de guider symétriquement et simultanément les premier et deuxième éléments 4, 5 par rapport au support 2.The figures 1 and 2 show a mechanical device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The mechanical device 1 comprises a fixed or mobile support 2, shown schematically, and an elastic system 3 mounted on this support 2. The elastic system 3 comprises first and second elements 4, 5 to be guided, a fixing part 6 fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2 by gluing, driving, screwing, welding, brazing or the like, a control part 7, a first elastic member 8 connecting the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 connecting the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 connecting the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 connecting the second element 5 to the control part 7. The fixing part 6, the control part 7 and the elastic members 8 to 11 constitute a guide device making it possible to guide the first and second elements 4, 5 symmetrically and simultaneously with respect to the support 2.

Les organes élastiques 8 à 11 s'étendent dans un même plan P1, comme visible à la figure 2, et sont élastiquement déformables sensiblement uniquement dans ce plan, leur raideur perpendiculairement au plan P1 étant suffisamment élevée pour les empêcher de se déformer hors de ce plan.The elastic members 8 to 11 extend in the same plane P1, as visible at figure 2 , and are elastically deformable substantially only in this plane, their stiffness perpendicular to the plane P1 being sufficiently high to prevent them from deforming outside this plane.

Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, les organes élastiques 8 à 11 sont chacun constitués par une lame élastique de forme droite au repos et sont, au repos, agencés en carré.In this first embodiment, the elastic members 8 to 11 are each constituted by an elastic strip of straight shape at rest and are, at rest, arranged in a square.

La partie de fixation 6, la partie de commande 7 et les éléments 4, 5 à guider sont rigides, c'est-à-dire qu'ils ne se déforment pas, ou quasiment pas, pendant le fonctionnement normal du système élastique 3. L'élasticité des organes élastiques 8 à 11 permet à la partie de commande 7 et aux éléments 4, 5 de se déplacer par rapport à la partie de fixation 6 et au support 2 dans le plan P1.The fixing part 6, the control part 7 and the elements 4, 5 to be guided are rigid, that is to say they do not deform, or hardly at all, during the normal operation of the elastic system 3. The elasticity of the elastic members 8 to 11 allows the control part 7 and the elements 4, 5 to move relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2 in the plane P1.

L'ensemble constitué par le premier organe élastique 8, le premier élément 4 et le troisième organe élastique 10 et l'ensemble constitué par le deuxième organe élastique 9, le deuxième élément 5 et le quatrième organe élastique 11 sont symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport à un plan P2 qui est perpendiculaire au plan P1.The assembly constituted by the first elastic member 8, the first element 4 and the third elastic member 10 and the assembly constituted by the second elastic member 9, the second member 5 and the fourth elastic member 11 are symmetrical to one of the 'other with respect to a plane P2 which is perpendicular to the plane P1.

Ainsi, une translation de la partie de commande 7 par rapport à la partie de fixation 6 et au support 2 le long d'une droite D formée par l'intersection des plans P1 et P2 entraîne, par une action de guidage exercée par les organes élastiques 8 à 11, un déplacement des éléments 4, 5 dans le plan P1 suivant une trajectoire circulaire dont le centre est situé sur la droite D, le déplacement du deuxième élément 5 étant symétrique et simultané de celui du premier élément 4 par rapport au plan P2.Thus, a translation of the control part 7 relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2 along a straight line D formed by the intersection of the planes P1 and P2 causes, by a guiding action exerted by the members elastic bands 8 to 11, a displacement of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 following a circular path whose center is located on the line D, the displacement of the second element 5 being symmetrical and simultaneous with that of the first element 4 with respect to the plane P2.

Les figures 3 et 4 montrent par deux cercles pointillés C la trajectoire circulaire des éléments 4, 5. A la figure 3, le système élastique 3 est représenté dans son état de repos (trait pointillé) et dans un état déformé (trait plein) causé par un déplacement de la partie de commande 7 vers le bas. A la figure 4, le système élastique 3 est représenté dans son état de repos (trait pointillé) et dans un état déformé (trait plein) causé par un déplacement de la partie de commande 7 vers le haut.The figures 3 and 4 show by two dotted circles C the circular trajectory of the elements 4, 5. At the figure 3 , the elastic system 3 is shown in its rest state (dotted line) and in a deformed state (solid line) caused by a movement of the control part 7 downwards. To the figure 4 , the elastic system 3 is shown in its rest state (dotted line) and in a deformed state (solid line) caused by movement of the control part 7 upwards.

Bien entendu, d'autres formes qu'un carré sont possibles pour l'agencement des organes élastiques 8 à 11. Les figures 5 à 8 illustrent d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention dans lesquels respectivement les organes élastiques 8 à 11 sont disposés en losange horizontal (figure 5), en losange vertical (figure 6), en quadrilatère horizontal à deux lames courtes et deux lames longues (figure 7) et en quadrilatère vertical à deux lames courtes et deux lames longues (figure 8), les autres caractéristiques du dispositif mécanique étant identiques à celles du premier mode de réalisation. Dans encore d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention, chaque organe élastique 8 à 11 est une lame de forme courbe à l'état de repos. Les organes élastiques 8 à 11 peuvent ainsi, par exemple, être sous la forme de lames convexes définissant ensemble un cercle (figure 9) ou sous la forme de lames concaves agencées en étoile (figure 10). Des géométries hybrides (non représentées) peuvent en outre être envisagées, avec une lame droite et une lame courbe de chaque côté du plan P2.Of course, shapes other than a square are possible for the arrangement of the elastic members 8 to 11. The figures 5 to 8 illustrate other embodiments of the invention in which respectively the elastic members 8 to 11 are arranged in a horizontal rhombus ( figure 5 ), in a vertical rhombus ( figure 6 ), in a horizontal quadrilateral with two short blades and two long blades ( figure 7 ) and in a vertical quadrilateral with two short blades and two long blades ( figure 8 ), the other characteristics of the mechanical device being identical to those of the first embodiment. In yet other embodiments of the invention, each elastic member 8 to 11 is a blade of curved shape in the rest state. The elastic members 8 to 11 can thus, for example, be in the form of convex blades together defining a circle ( figure 9 ) or in the form of concave blades arranged in a star ( figure 10 ). Hybrid geometries (not shown) can also be envisaged, with a straight blade and a curved blade on each side of the plane P2.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif mécanique est le même dans chacun des modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus. Dans les cas où les premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9 sont des lames droites (figures 1 à 8), le centre de rotation des éléments 4, 5 dans le plan P1 est le point d'intersection des droites respectives que définissent ces lames au repos. Dans les cas où les premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9 sont des lames courbes (figures 9 et 10), le centre de rotation des éléments 4, 5 dans le plan P1 se situe sur la droite D à une position qui dépend de la géométrie de ces lames.The operation of the mechanical device is the same in each of the embodiments described above. In cases where the first and second elastic members 8, 9 are straight blades ( figures 1 to 8 ), the center of rotation of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 is the point of intersection of the respective straight lines defined by these blades at rest. In cases where the first and second elastic members 8, 9 are curved blades ( figures 9 and 10 ), the the center of rotation of the elements 4, 5 in the plane P1 is located on the line D at a position which depends on the geometry of these blades.

Un autre mode de réalisation est illustré à la figure 11. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 11, la partie de fixation 6 est en deux parties 6a, 6b (mais pourrait être en une seule partie) et les premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9 sont, au repos, droits et parallèles. Une translation de la partie de commande 7 le long de la droite D entraîne, par une action de guidage exercée par les organes élastiques 8 à 11, une translation des éléments 4, 5 perpendiculairement à la droite D comme indiqué par les flèches.Another embodiment is illustrated on figure 11 . In the embodiment of the figure 11 , the fixing part 6 is in two parts 6a, 6b (but could be in one part) and the first and second elastic members 8, 9 are, at rest, straight and parallel. A translation of the control part 7 along the straight line D causes, by a guiding action exerted by the elastic members 8 to 11, a translation of the elements 4, 5 perpendicular to the straight line D as indicated by the arrows.

Avec le dispositif mécanique selon l'invention, la symétrie et la simultanéité des déplacements des éléments 4, 5 à guider sont excellentes et ces déplacements s'effectuent sans les frottements que connaissent les dispositifs à axes de rotation physique ou à rainures de guidage. Les organes élastiques 8 à 11 constituent en effet un guidage flexible pour les éléments 4, 5 qui n'ont dès lors pas besoin d'être guidés par des axes tournant dans des paliers ou des coulisseaux glissant dans des rainures. La précision de fabrication peut être grande, le système élastique 3 pouvant consister en une pièce monolithique, ou faire partie d'une telle pièce monolithique, réalisée par exemple en silicium, métal, alliage, céramique, diamant, verre ou verre métallique au moyen de techniques telles que, selon le matériau, la DRIE, le LIGA, l'électroérosion, le moulage, etc. De plus, le dispositif mécanique selon l'invention est simple, compact et robuste.With the mechanical device according to the invention, the symmetry and the simultaneity of the movements of the elements 4, 5 to be guided are excellent and these movements take place without the friction experienced by devices with physical axes of rotation or with guide grooves. The elastic members 8 to 11 in fact constitute a flexible guide for the elements 4, 5 which therefore do not need to be guided by axes rotating in bearings or slides sliding in grooves. The manufacturing precision can be great, the elastic system 3 can consist of a monolithic part, or be part of such a monolithic part, made for example of silicon, metal, alloy, ceramic, diamond, glass or metallic glass by means of techniques such as, depending on the material, DRIE, LIGA, spark erosion, casting, etc. In addition, the mechanical device according to the invention is simple, compact and robust.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée à un agencement coplanaire des organes élastiques 8 à 11. Les premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9, par exemple, pourraient être dans deux plans parallèles différents et se croiser sans contact à la manière d'un pivot flexible à lames croisées séparées, leur croisement définissant l'axe de rotation autour duquel tournent les éléments 4, 5 lorsque la partie de commande 7 est actionnée. Dans la présente invention, que les organes élastiques 8 à 11 soient coplanaires ou non, l'ensemble constitué par le premier organe élastique 8, le premier élément 4 et le troisième organe élastique 10 est symétrique de l'ensemble constitué par le deuxième organe élastique 9, le deuxième élément 5 et le quatrième organe élastique 11 par rapport à la droite D de déplacement de la partie de commande 7 en vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique.The present invention is not limited to a coplanar arrangement of the elastic members 8 to 11. The first and second elastic members 8, 9, for example, could be in two different parallel planes and intersect without contact in the manner of a flexible pivot with separate crossed blades, their crossing defining the axis of rotation around which the elements 4, 5 rotate when the control part 7 is actuated. In the present invention, whether the elastic members 8 to 11 are coplanar or not, the assembly constituted by the first elastic member 8, the first element 4 and the third elastic member 10 is symmetrical with the assembly formed by the second elastic member 9, the second element 5 and the fourth elastic member 11 with respect to the straight line D of displacement of the control part 7 in top plan view of the mechanical device.

Dans les modes de réalisation exposés ci-dessus, le système élastique 3 est monostable et la partie de commande 7 qui commande le déplacement des éléments 4, 5 est elle-même commandée par un organe tel qu'un excentrique ou une vis micrométrique pouvant amener et arrêter la partie de commande 7 dans une position quelconque parmi un continuum de positions.In the embodiments described above, the elastic system 3 is monostable and the control part 7 which controls the movement of the elements 4, 5 is itself controlled by a member such as an eccentric or a micrometric screw capable of bringing and stopping the control part 7 at any one of a continuum of positions.

Alternativement, il est possible de rendre le système élastique 3 bistable, comme représenté aux figures 12 et 13, en reliant la partie de commande 7 à deux points 12, 13 fixes par rapport au support 2 par deux lames flambées 14, 15 symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport au plan P2, plus généralement par rapport à la droite D en vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique 1. Le système élastique 3 peut alors occuper un premier état stable (figure 12) dans lequel la partie de commande 7 est dans une position basse et un deuxième état stable (figure 13) dans lequel la partie de commande 7 est dans une position haute. Le passage de la partie de commande 7 d'une de ses positions basse et haute à l'autre fait passer les éléments 4, 5 d'une position bien définie, par exemple une position de repos, à une autre position bien définie, par exemple une position active. Ces positions peuvent être réglées en faisant varier le taux de compression des lames flambées 14, 15.Alternatively, it is possible to make the elastic system 3 bistable, as shown in figures 12 and 13 , by connecting the control part 7 to two points 12, 13 fixed relative to the support 2 by two flamed blades 14, 15 symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane P2, more generally with respect to the straight line D in top plan view of the mechanical device 1. The elastic system 3 can then occupy a first stable state ( figure 12 ) in which the control part 7 is in a low position and a second stable state ( figure 13 ) in which the control part 7 is in a high position. The passage of the control part 7 from one of its low and high positions to the other causes the elements 4, 5 to pass from a well-defined position, for example a rest position, to another well-defined position, for example. example an active position. These positions can be adjusted by varying the compression ratio of the flamed blades 14, 15.

Pour garantir la bistabilité du système élastique 3, le degré de liberté en rotation de la partie de commande 7 doit être supprimé. Pour ce faire, on peut doubler les lames flambées 14, 15, c'est-à-dire relier la partie de commande 7 au point 12 par deux lames flambées parallèles et relier la partie de commande 7 au point 13 par deux lames flambées parallèles.To ensure the bistability of the elastic system 3, the degree of freedom in rotation of the control part 7 must be eliminated. To do this, we can double the flamed blades 14, 15, that is to say connect the control part 7 to point 12 by two parallel flamed blades and connect the control part 7 to point 13 by two parallel flamed blades .

Les lames flambées 14, 15 peuvent être remplacées par des lames préformées ayant à l'état de repos la forme d'une lame flambée.The flamed blades 14, 15 can be replaced by preformed blades having in the rest state the shape of a flamed blade.

Il est aussi envisageable dans la présente invention de rendre le système élastique 3 multistable avec un nombre d'états stables plus grand que deux.It is also conceivable in the present invention to make the elastic system 3 multistable with a number of stable states greater than two.

Dans tous les modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, au lieu d'être constitué d'une simple lame élastique de section constante comme représenté, chaque organe élastique 8 à 11 peut être sous la forme d'une lame de section variable, par exemple d'une lame comprenant une ou des portions flexibles, telles que des cols, et une ou des portions intermédiaires rigides. Alternativement chaque organe élastique 8 à 11 peut être sous la forme de plusieurs lames de section constante ou variable.In all the embodiments described above, instead of being constituted by a simple elastic blade of constant section as shown, each elastic member 8 to 11 can be in the form of a blade of variable section, for example. of a blade comprising one or more flexible portions, such as collars, and one or more rigid intermediate portions. Alternatively, each elastic member 8 to 11 can be in the form of several blades of constant or variable section.

Le dispositif mécanique 1 selon l'invention trouve des applications dans le domaine de la mécanique, par exemple pour la réalisation de tenailles ou pinces, et plus particulièrement dans le domaine de la micromécanique, notamment horlogère.The mechanical device 1 according to the invention finds applications in the field of mechanics, for example for the production of pincers or pliers, and more particularly in the field of micromechanics, in particular watchmaking.

La figure 14 montre une première application horlogère de l'invention. Le dispositif mécanique 1 représenté à la figure 14 est un oscillateur monté sur un support 2, le support 2 étant typiquement la platine d'un mouvement horloger mécanique tel que le mouvement d'une montre-bracelet ou d'une montre de poche. L'oscillateur est du type décrit dans la demande de brevet WO 2017/055983 de la demanderesse. Il comprend un balancier 16 relié et suspendu à une base 17 par des lames croisées séparées 18, 19. La base 17 est un système élastique du type du système élastique 3 illustré aux figures 1 à 11. Elle comprend une partie de fixation 6 fixée directement ou indirectement au support 2, une partie de commande 7, des premier et deuxième éléments 4, 5 à guider, un premier organe élastique 8 reliant la partie de fixation 6 au premier élément 4, un deuxième organe élastique 9 reliant la partie de fixation 6 au deuxième élément 5, un troisième organe élastique 10 reliant le premier élément 4 à la partie de commande 7 et un quatrième organe élastique 11 reliant le deuxième élément 5 à la partie de commande 7.The figure 14 shows a first horological application of the invention. The mechanical device 1 shown in figure 14 is an oscillator mounted on a support 2, the support 2 typically being the plate of a mechanical watch movement such as the movement of a wristwatch or a pocket watch. The oscillator is of the type described in the patent application WO 2017/055983 of the plaintiff. It comprises a balance 16 connected and suspended from a base 17 by separate crossed blades 18, 19. The base 17 is an elastic system of the type of the elastic system 3 illustrated in figures 1 to 11 . It comprises a fixing part 6 fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2, a control part 7, of the first and second elements 4, 5 to be guided, a first elastic member 8 connecting the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 connecting the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 connecting the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 connecting the second element 5 to the control part 7.

Les lames croisées séparées 18, 19 forment un pivot flexible guidant le balancier 16 en rotation autour d'un axe virtuel correspondant, en vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique 1, à leur point de croisement 20. Les lames croisées séparées 18, 19 exercent en outre une fonction de rappel élastique du balancier 16 dans une position d'équilibre. L'une, 18, des lames 18, 19 est jointe par une de ses extrémités au balancier 16 et par son autre extrémité au premier élément 4. L'autre, 19, des lames 18, 19 est jointe par une de ses extrémités au balancier 16 et par son autre extrémité au deuxième élément 5.The separate crossed blades 18, 19 form a flexible pivot guiding the balance 16 in rotation about a corresponding virtual axis, in top plan view of the mechanical device 1, at their crossing point 20. The separate crossed blades 18, 19 exert moreover, an elastic return function of the balance 16 in a position of equilibrium. One, 18, of the blades 18, 19 is joined by one of its ends to the balance 16 and by its other end to the first element 4. The other, 19, of the blades 18, 19 is joined by one of its ends to the balance 16 and by its other end to the second element 5.

Pendant le fonctionnement courant de l'oscillateur, les éléments 4, 5 sont immobiles par rapport à la partie de fixation 6 et au support 2. La raideur des lames formant les organes élastiques 8 à 11 est en effet plus grande que celle des lames 18, 19 du pivot flexible. Un excentrique 21 en contact avec la partie de commande 7 peut être actionné manuellement pour déplacer en translation la partie de commande 7 le long d'une droite D qui, en vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique 1, est une droite de symétrie pour la base 17. Ce déplacement en translation peut être guidé au moyen d'une goupille 22 fixée au support 2 et engagée dans un trou oblong 23 de la partie de commande 7. Ce déplacement en translation entraîne un déplacement symétrique et simultané des éléments 4, 5 en rotation autour d'un axe correspondant, en vue plane de dessus du dispositif mécanique 1, au point d'intersection des droites le long desquelles s'étendent les premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9 au repos. De la sorte, les éléments 4, 5 peuvent être rapprochés ou éloignés l'un de l'autre afin de régler la position du point de croisement 20 des lames croisées séparées 18, 19 et améliorer ainsi, par exemple, l'isochronisme de l'oscillateur, comme décrit dans la demande de brevet WO 2017/055983 .During the current operation of the oscillator, the elements 4, 5 are stationary relative to the fixing part 6 and to the support 2. The stiffness of the blades forming the elastic members 8 to 11 is in fact greater than that of the blades 18. , 19 of the flexible pivot. An eccentric 21 in contact with the control part 7 can be actuated manually to move the control part 7 in translation along a straight line D which, in plan view from above of the mechanical device 1, is a line of symmetry for the base 17. This translational movement can be guided by means of a pin 22 fixed to the support 2 and engaged in an oblong hole 23 of the control part 7. This translational movement causes a symmetrical and simultaneous movement of the elements 4, 5 in rotation about a corresponding axis, in top plan view of the mechanical device 1, at the point of intersection of the straight lines along which extend the first and second elastic members 8, 9 at rest. In this way, the elements 4, 5 can be moved closer or further from each other in order to adjust the position of the crossing point 20 of the separate crossed blades 18, 19 and thus improve, for example, the isochronism of the 'oscillator, as described in the patent application WO 2017/055983 .

De préférence, l'orientation des premier et deuxième organes élastiques 8, 9 est choisie pour que le point d'intersection des droites qu'ils définissent lorsqu'ils sont au repos soit confondu, en vue plane de dessus, avec le point d'intersection 20 des lames croisées séparées 18, 19 au repos. De cette manière, la rotation des éléments 4, 5 pendant le réglage au moyen de l'excentrique 21 s'effectue sans déplacer le balancier 16 le long de la droite D. La cheville (non représentée) que porte le balancier 16 et qui coopère avec une ancre d'échappement (non représentée) n'est donc pas non plus déplacée le long de la droite D. On évite ainsi de modifier la profondeur de pénétration de la cheville dans la fourchette de l'ancre, donc la sécurité de l'échappement.Preferably, the orientation of the first and second elastic members 8, 9 is chosen so that the point of intersection of the straight lines which they define when they are at rest coincides, in plan view from above, with the point of intersection 20 of the separated crossed blades 18, 19 at rest. In this way, the rotation of the elements 4, 5 during the adjustment by means of the eccentric 21 is effected without moving the balance 16 along the straight line D. The pin (not shown) which the balance 16 carries and which cooperates with an anchor d The escapement (not shown) is therefore not moved along the line D either. This avoids modifying the penetration depth of the pin in the fork of the anchor, and therefore the safety of the escapement.

Grâce à la symétrie de déplacement des premier et deuxième éléments 4, 5 par rapport à la droite D, le balancier 16 et la cheville qu'il porte ne se déplacent pas non plus perpendiculairement à la droite D pendant le réglage au moyen de l'excentrique 21. Cela permet de conserver et de garantir la symétrie du repère de la cheville entre les deux alternances du balancier 16 et donc de ne pas modifier l'angle de levée lors du réglage de la position du point de croisement 20.Thanks to the displacement symmetry of the first and second elements 4, 5 with respect to the line D, the balance 16 and the peg that it carries do not move perpendicularly to the line D during the adjustment either by means of the eccentric 21. This makes it possible to preserve and guarantee the symmetry of the mark of the ankle between the two alternations of the balance 16 and therefore not to modify the angle of lift when adjusting the position of the crossing point 20.

Le principe exposé ci-dessus en relation avec la figure 14 peut être appliqué à d'autres composants, horlogers ou non, qu'un oscillateur, par exemple à une bascule, un levier ou une ancre. Dans le cas d'un composant autre qu'un oscillateur, le réglage du point de croisement 20 que permet la base ou système élastique 17 est un moyen d'améliorer la précision de fonctionnement du composant.The principle set out above in relation to the figure 14 can be applied to other components, watchmaking or not, than an oscillator, for example to a rocker, a lever or an anchor. In the case of a component other than an oscillator, the adjustment of the crossing point 20 that the elastic base or system 17 allows is a means of improving the operating precision of the component.

Les figures 15 à 18 montrent une deuxième application horlogère de l'invention. Le dispositif mécanique 1 représenté aux figures 15 à 18 est un dispositif d'entraînement d'un affichage des heures de lever et de coucher du soleil monté sur un support 2, le support 2 étant typiquement la platine d'un mouvement horloger mécanique tel que le mouvement d'une montre-bracelet ou d'une montre de poche. Dans ce dispositif, un palpeur des heures de lever du soleil 24 mobile en translation est maintenu en appui contre une came des heures de lever du soleil 25 par un organe élastique (non représenté). Ce palpeur 24 porte une denture 26 formant crémaillère qui engrène avec une roue (non représentée) portant une aiguille indicatrice des heures de lever du soleil. De façon analogue, un palpeur des heures de coucher du soleil 27 mobile en translation est maintenu en appui contre une came des heures de coucher du soleil 28 par un organe élastique (non représenté). Ce palpeur 27 porte une denture 29 formant crémaillère qui engrène avec une roue (non représentée) portant une aiguille indicatrice des heures de coucher du soleil.The figures 15 to 18 show a second horological application of the invention. The mechanical device 1 shown in figures 15 to 18 is a device for driving a display of the hours of sunrise and sunset mounted on a support 2, the support 2 typically being the plate of a mechanical watch movement such as the movement of a wristwatch or 'a pocket watch. In this device, a sunrise time sensor 24 movable in translation is held in abutment against a sunrise time cam 25 by an elastic member (not shown). This feeler 24 carries a toothing 26 forming a rack which meshes with a wheel (not shown) carrying a hand indicating the hours of sunrise. Similarly, a sunset time sensor 27 movable in translation is held in abutment against a sunset time cam 28 by an elastic member (not shown). This feeler 27 carries a toothing 29 forming a rack which meshes with a wheel (not shown) carrying a hand indicating the hours of sunset.

La came des heures de lever du soleil 25 est coaxiale et solidaire d'une roue 30 qui engrène avec une roue d'entraînement 31 entraînée elle-même, typiquement à raison d'un tour par an, par le rouage du mouvement horloger mécanique. La came des heures de coucher du soleil 28 est coaxiale et solidaire d'une autre roue 32 qui engrène avec la roue d'entraînement 31. Plus de détails sur ce dispositif peuvent être trouvés dans la demande de brevet EP 18152022.2 de la demanderesse.The sunrise hours cam 25 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 30 which meshes with a drive wheel 31 itself driven, typically at the rate of one revolution per year, by the cog of the mechanical watch movement. The sunset hours cam 28 is coaxial and integral with another wheel 32 which meshes with the drive wheel 31. More details on this device can be found in the patent application. EP 18152022.2 of the plaintiff.

Dans cette application de l'invention, la came des heures de lever du soleil 25 et la came des heures de coucher du soleil 28 sont en fait des cames d'hiver. Pour tenir compte du changement d'heure (± 1 h) entre l'été et l'hiver, le dispositif mécanique 1 comprend en outre une came des heures de lever du soleil d'été 33 et une came des heures de coucher du soleil d'été 34. Ces cames d'été 33, 34 ont un profil plus grand que les cames d'hiver 25, 28. La came des heures de lever du soleil d'été 33 est coaxiale et solidaire d'une roue 35 qui engrène avec une deuxième roue d'entraînement 36 coaxiale et solidaire de la roue d'entraînement 31, et les ensembles 25, 30 et 33, 35 sont superposés mais montés sur des axes physiques différents. La came des heures de coucher du soleil d'été 34 est coaxiale et solidaire d'une roue 37 qui engrène avec la deuxième roue d'entraînement 36, et les ensembles 28, 32 et 34, 37 sont superposés mais montés sur des axes physiques différents. Chaque palpeur 24, 27 a une hauteur suffisante pour pouvoir coopérer avec l'une ou l'autre des cames d'hiver et d'été correspondantes.In this application of the invention, the sunrise time cam 25 and the sunset time cam 28 are in fact winter cams. To take into account the time change (± 1 h) between summer and winter, the mechanical device 1 further comprises a summer sunrise times cam 33 and a sunset times cam summer 34. These summer cams 33, 34 have a larger profile than the winter cams 25, 28. The summer sunrise time cam 33 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 35 which meshes with a second drive wheel 36 coaxial and integral with the drive wheel 31, and the assemblies 25, 30 and 33, 35 are superimposed but mounted on different physical axes. The summer sunset time cam 34 is coaxial and integral with a wheel 37 which meshes with the second drive wheel 36, and the assemblies 28, 32 and 34, 37 are superimposed but mounted on physical axes different. Each feeler 24, 27 has a sufficient height to be able to cooperate with one or other of the corresponding winter and summer cams.

Un système élastique 3 tel que décrit ci-dessus en relation avec les figures 1 à 11 comprend une partie de fixation 6 qui est coaxiale au mobile que forment les roues d'entraînement 31, 36 et qui est fixée directement ou indirectement au support 2, une partie de commande 7, un premier élément 4 servant de palier à l'axe de rotation commun de la came des heures de lever du soleil d'été 33 et de la roue 35, un deuxième élément 5 servant de palier à l'axe de rotation commun de la came des heures de coucher du soleil d'été 34 et de la roue 37, un premier organe élastique 8 qui relie la partie de fixation 6 au premier élément 4, un deuxième organe élastique 9 qui relie la partie de fixation 6 au deuxième élément 5, un troisième organe élastique 10 qui relie le premier élément 4 à la partie de commande 7 et un quatrième organe élastique 11 qui relie le deuxième élément 5 à la partie de commande 7. Le système élastique 3 est en outre rendu bistable, de la même manière qu'illustré aux figures 12 et 13, par des lames flambées ou préformées flambées 14, 15 reliant la partie de commande 7 respectivement à deux points 12, 13 fixes par rapport au support 2.An elastic system 3 as described above in relation to the figures 1 to 11 comprises a fixing part 6 which is coaxial with the mobile formed by the drive wheels 31, 36 and which is fixed directly or indirectly to the support 2, a control part 7, a first element 4 serving as a bearing for the common axis of rotation of the summer sunrise hours cam 33 and of the wheel 35, a second element 5 serving as a bearing for the common axis of rotation of the summer sunset time cam 34 and of the wheel 37, a first elastic member 8 which connects the fixing part 6 to the first element 4, a second elastic member 9 which connects the fixing part 6 to the second element 5, a third elastic member 10 which connects the first element 4 to the control part 7 and a fourth elastic member 11 which connects the second element 5 to the control part 7. The elastic system 3 is further made bistable, in the same way as illustrated in figures 12 and 13 , by flamed or preformed flamed blades 14, 15 connecting the control part 7 respectively to two points 12, 13 fixed relative to the support 2.

Aux figures 15 et 16, le système élastique 3 est dans un premier état stable où la came des heures de lever du soleil d'été 33 est en retrait par rapport à la came des heures de lever du soleil d'hiver 25, et où la came des heures de coucher du soleil d'été 34 est en retrait par rapport à la came des heures de coucher du soleil d'hiver 28, permettant aux palpeurs 24, 27 de coopérer respectivement avec les cames d'hiver 25, 28.To figures 15 and 16 , the elastic system 3 is in a first stable state where the summer sunrise times cam 33 is set back relative to the winter sunrise times cam 25, and where the summer sunrise times cam summer sunset 34 is set back with respect to the winter sunset time cam 28, allowing the probes 24, 27 to cooperate respectively with the winter cams 25, 28.

Au passage à l'heure d'été, la partie de commande 7 est actionnée par l'utilisateur, au moyen d'un dispositif d'actionnement (non représenté), le long d'une droite de symétrie D du système élastique 3 pour déplacer les éléments 4, 5 et donc les axes des cames d'été 33, 34 en rotation autour de l'axe imaginaire de rotation des roues d'entraînement 31, 36, les axes des cames d'hiver 25, 28 conservant, eux, leur position, étant montés sur le support 2. Le système élastique 3 passe alors dans un deuxième état stable où la came des heures de lever du soleil d'été 33 et la came des heures de lever du soleil d'hiver 25 sont coaxiales et où la came des heures de coucher du soleil d'été 34 et la came des heures de coucher du soleil d'hiver 28 sont coaxiales (figures 17 et 18). Dans cet état, comme les cames d'été 33, 34 ont un profil plus grand que les cames d'hiver 25, 28, les palpeurs 24, 27 coopèrent avec les cames d'été 33, 34. Par rapport au premier état stable du système élastique 3, chaque palpeur 24, 27 est décalé en translation d'une distance correspondant à un décalage d'une heure de l'heure de lever/coucher du soleil indiquée par l'aiguille indicatrice correspondante, permettant d'adapter la position angulaire de l'aiguille indicatrice à l'heure d'été.When summer time changes, the control part 7 is actuated by the user, by means of an actuating device (not shown), along a line of symmetry D of the elastic system 3 for move the elements 4, 5 and therefore the axes of the summer cams 33, 34 in rotation around the imaginary axis of rotation of the drive wheels 31, 36, the axes of the winter cams 25, 28 keeping them , their position, being mounted on the support 2. The elastic system 3 then passes into a second stable state where the summer sunrise times cam 33 and the winter sunrise times cam 25 are coaxial and where the summer sunset times cam 34 and the winter sunset times cam 28 are coaxial ( figures 17 and 18 ). In this condition, as the summer cams 33, 34 have a larger profile than the winter cams 25, 28, the feelers 24, 27 cooperate with the summer cams 33, 34. With respect to the first stable state of the elastic system 3, each feeler 24, 27 is offset in translation by a distance corresponding to an offset of one hour. the sunrise / sunset time indicated by the corresponding indicator hand, allowing the angular position of the indicator hand to be adapted to summer time.

Lors du retour à l'heure d'hiver, les cames d'été 33, 34 sont ramenées à leur position initiale par un actionnement de la partie de commande 7 pour décaler l'indication de l'heure de lever/coucher du soleil d'une heure dans l'autre sens.When returning to winter time, the summer cams 33, 34 are returned to their initial position by actuation of the control part 7 to shift the indication of the sunrise / sunset time from time to time. 'one hour in the other direction.

Grâce au mouvement de rotation qu'effectuent les éléments 4, 5 autour de l'axe imaginaire de rotation des roues d'entraînement 31, 36, l'engrènement entre les roues 35, 37 et la roue d'entraînement 36 est conservé quelle que soit la position de la partie de commande 7 le long de la droite D.Thanks to the rotational movement effected by the elements 4, 5 around the imaginary axis of rotation of the drive wheels 31, 36, the engagement between the wheels 35, 37 and the drive wheel 36 is maintained regardless of or the position of control part 7 along line D.

Outre les applications proposées ci-dessus, des applications telles qu'une pince de rattrapante ou un embrayage peuvent être envisagées pour l'invention.In addition to the applications proposed above, applications such as a split-second clamp or a clutch can be envisaged for the invention.

Claims (14)

  1. Mechanical device (1) comprising a support (2) and an elastic system (3), the elastic system (3) comprising first and second elements (4, 5) to be guided relative to the support (2), a fixing part (6) fixed to the support (2), a control part (7) movable in translation with respect to the fixing part (6) along a straight line (D), a first elastic member (8) connecting the fixing part (6) to the first element (4), a second elastic member (9) connecting the fixing part (6) to the second element (5), a third elastic member (10) connecting the first element (4) to the control part (7) and a fourth elastic member (11) connecting the second element (5) to the control part (7), the assembly formed by the first elastic member (8), the first element (4) and the third elastic member (10) being symmetrical to the assembly formed by the second elastic member (9), the second element (5) and the fourth elastic member (11) with respect to said straight line (D) in top plan view of the mechanical device (1), so that a translation of the control part (7) along said straight line (D) causes by deformation of the elastic members (8-11) displacements of the first and second elements (4, 5) which are simultaneous and symmetrical with respect to said straight line (D) in top plan view of the mechanical device (1).
  2. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the assembly formed by the first elastic member (8), the first element (4) and the third elastic member (10) is symmetrical to the assembly formed by the second elastic member (9), the second element (5) and the fourth elastic member (11) with respect to a plane (P2) containing said straight line (D).
  3. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the elastic system (3) is in the form of a monolithic part or is part of a monolithic part.
  4. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each of the first to fourth elastic members (8-11) comprises an elastic strip.
  5. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first and second elastic members (8, 9) are arranged so that the first and second elements (4, 5) are guided in rotation during a translation of the control part (7) along said straight line (D).
  6. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the first and second elastic members (8, 9) are arranged so that the first and second elements (4, 5) are guided in translation during a translation of the control part (7) along said straight line (D).
  7. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the elastic system (3) comprises at least one additional elastic member (14, 15) allowing it to occupy several different stable states.
  8. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it is a micromechanical device.
  9. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it is a horological device.
  10. Mechanical device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it further comprises a rotary member (16) connected to the first and second elements (4, 5) respectively by first and second separate crossed strips (18, 19), the separate crossed strips (18, 19) being arranged to guide the rotary member (16) in rotation with respect to the elastic system (17, 3), wherein the position of the crossing point (20) of the separate crossed strips (18, 19), in top plan view of the mechanical device (1), can be adjusted by a translation of the control part (7) along said straight line (D).
  11. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 10, characterised in that the first and second elastic members (8, 9) are elastic strips which, at rest, are straight and are directed towards the crossing point (20) of the separate crossed strips (18, 19) when the latter are also at rest, in top plan view of the mechanical device (1).
  12. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the rotary member (16) is a balance, a rocker, a lever or an anchor.
  13. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 9, characterised in that it further comprises first and second feelers (24, 27), a driving wheel set (31, 36), a winter sunrise time cam (25), a first wheel (30) coaxial and fixed relative to the winter sunrise time cam (25), a winter sunset time cam (28), a second wheel (32) coaxial and fixed relative to the winter sunset time cam (28), a summer sunrise time cam (33), a third wheel (35) coaxial and fixed relative to the summer sunrise time cam (33), a summer sunset time cam (34), a fourth wheel (37) coaxial and fixed relative to the summer sunset time cam (34), the first to fourth wheels (30, 32, 35, 37) meshing with the driving wheel set (31, 36), the assembly formed by the winter sunrise time cam (25) and the first wheel (30) and the assembly formed by the summer sunrise time cam (33) and the third wheel (35) being superimposed, the assembly formed by the winter sunset time cam (28) and the second wheel (32) and the assembly formed by the summer sunset time cam (34) and the fourth wheel (37) being superimposed, the first element (4) serving as a bearing for the axis of one of the winter sunrise time cam (25) and the summer sunrise time cam (33), the second element (5) serving as a bearing for the axis of one of the winter sunset time cam (28) and the summer sunset time cam (34), the first and second elastic members (8, 9) being arranged so that the first and second elements (4 , 5) move in rotation around the imaginary axis of rotation of the driving wheel set (31, 36) when the control part (7) is moved in translation along said straight line (D), the control part (7) being able to occupy along said straight line (D) a first position in which the first feeler (24) cooperates with the winter sunrise time cam (25) and the second feeler (27) cooperates with the winter sunset time cam (28) and a second position in which the first feeler (24) cooperates with the summer sunrise time cam (33) and the second feeler (27) cooperates with the summer sunset time cam (34).
  14. Mechanical device (1) according to claim 13, characterised in that the elastic system (3) is bistable.
EP18196767.0A 2018-09-26 2018-09-26 Symmetrical device for guiding two elements, especially for timepieces Active EP3629100B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18196767.0A EP3629100B1 (en) 2018-09-26 2018-09-26 Symmetrical device for guiding two elements, especially for timepieces

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18196767.0A EP3629100B1 (en) 2018-09-26 2018-09-26 Symmetrical device for guiding two elements, especially for timepieces

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EP3629100A1 EP3629100A1 (en) 2020-04-01
EP3629100B1 true EP3629100B1 (en) 2021-07-28

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2195179A6 (en) * 1972-08-03 1974-03-01 Sofragraf
WO2016029296A1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Mouret Nicolas Mechanism for displaying sunrise and/or sunset times at different latitudes, kit with components for assembling such a mechanism, and corresponding methods of assembly, operation and use
CN108138837B (en) 2015-09-29 2020-10-27 百达翡丽日内瓦公司 Flexible pivot mechanical component and timepiece including such a component
EP3266737B1 (en) * 2016-07-05 2019-11-27 Patek Philippe SA Genève Programmable multistable system

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