EP3628867B1 - Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter - Google Patents

Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3628867B1
EP3628867B1 EP18197613.5A EP18197613A EP3628867B1 EP 3628867 B1 EP3628867 B1 EP 3628867B1 EP 18197613 A EP18197613 A EP 18197613A EP 3628867 B1 EP3628867 B1 EP 3628867B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seal
packing
seal assembly
unsegmented
reciprocating rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18197613.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3628867A1 (de
Inventor
David Jonathan Chalk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
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Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Air Products and Chemicals Inc filed Critical Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority to EP18197613.5A priority Critical patent/EP3628867B1/de
Priority to PL18197613T priority patent/PL3628867T3/pl
Publication of EP3628867A1 publication Critical patent/EP3628867A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3628867B1 publication Critical patent/EP3628867B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods

Definitions

  • Compressors and other reciprocating pumps generally have a piston rod that moves into and out of a high (or low) pressure system.
  • the pathway that the piston rod follows provides a natural leak path for the fluid (gas or liquid) into or out of the cylinder.
  • rod packing is designed to seal the high pressure chamber of the compressor but due to the segmented design of these sealing systems, some leakage occurs.
  • the piston rod When the compressor or pump is non-operational, however, the piston rod is static or not moving.
  • the rod packing may not seal properly when the compressor, pump, or valve, in certain embodiments, is shut down but at operating pressures.
  • the fluid such as for example air or natural gas, may leak past the packing rings of the rod packing to the atmosphere.
  • the leakage results in system loss that must be replaced resulting in inefficiencies.
  • the leakage results in an environmental contamination hazard that is regulated by government agencies.
  • the general concept has been to prevent the shutdown seal from contacting the shaft until the shaft has stopped moving so wear can be avoided.
  • Solutions to preventing leakage from the compressor shaft during shutdown include isolating the compressor and allowing the pressure to leak down to zero, and providing a type of seal used only during shutdown of the system.
  • the present disclosure relates to a seal assembly for a reciprocating rod of a reciprocating compressor, a reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly, and a method of operating the reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly
  • the invention is defined by the appended claims.
  • the term "and/or" placed between a first entity and a second entity includes any of the meanings of (1) only the first entity, (2) only the second entity, and (3) the first entity and the second entity.
  • the term "and/or” placed between the last two entities of a list of 3 or more entities means at least one of the entities in the list including any specific combination of entities in this list.
  • “A, B and/or C” has the same meaning as “A and/or B and/or C” and comprises the following combinations of A, B and C: (1) only A, (2) only B, (3) only C, (4) A and B and not C, (5) A and C and not B, (6) B and C and not A, and (7) A and B and C.
  • phrases "at least one of" preceding a list of features or entities means one or more of the features or entities in the list of entities, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every entity specifically listed within the list of entities and not excluding any combinations of entities in the list of entities.
  • “at least one of A, B, or C” (or equivalently “at least one of A, B, and C” or equivalently “at least one of A, B, and/or C") has the same meaning as “A and/or B and/or C" and comprises the following combinations of A, B and C: (1) only A, (2) only B, (3) only C, (4) A and B and not C, (5) A and C and not B, (6) B and C and not A, and (7) A and B and C.
  • the present disclosure relates to a seal assembly for a reciprocating rod of a reciprocating compressor, a reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly, and a method of operating the reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly.
  • the seal assembly 10 for a reciprocating rod 20 of a reciprocating compressor has a first end 11 and a second end 12.
  • the first end 11 of the seal assembly is disposed towards a cylinder end of the reciprocating rod, and the second end 12 of the seal assembly is disposed towards a crankcase end of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the reciprocating rod 20 has a longitudinal axis 21.
  • the seal assembly comprises one or more packing retainers 30, so-called “packing cups” by those skilled in the art.
  • Each of the one or more packing retainers 30 contains a respective packing 32 configured to contact the reciprocating rod 20 and provide a seal to prevent leakage of the fluid.
  • the packing 32 contained in each of the one or more packing retainers 30 may be a segmented packing, a rope packing, or any other type of packing known in the art.
  • the packing retainers 30 are mounted to a flange 110.
  • a seal may be provided between the packing retainer 30 and the flange by an O-ring seal 90.
  • Respective O-ring seals 90 may provide sealing between each of the packing retainers 30.
  • the seal assembly comprises an unsegmented seal 40 configured to form a continuous sealing interface with the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 is arranged at an axial position closer to the second end 12 of the seal assembly relative to the axial position of the one or more packing retainers 30.
  • the axial position is defined with respect to the longitudinal axis 21 of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 may be the same as the outer diameter of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • An unsegmented seal is a continuous seal about the circumference of the reciprocating rod 20, not formed by multiple segments about the circumference.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 may be a U-cup seal, which may be spring energized as shown in FIG. 4a , or not spring energized as shown in FIG 4b .
  • the unsegmented seal may be an O-ring seal.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 may be a two-part seal comprising an O-ring 40a with a plastic cap 40b as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the plastic caps improve longevity of the seal.
  • the plastic cap 40b is positioned against the sliding surface (i.e. the reciprocating rod 20), so it's the plastic cap 40b that wears, not the O-ring 40a.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 may be made from any desired plastic or elastomer. It is more common for plastic seals to be spring energized and elastomeric seals not to be spring energized.
  • the plastic or elastomer may be selected to be compatible with the fluid intended for compression in the compressor.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 has no channels that would provide a leak path.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 has no channel-through porosity.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 is not a rope packing.
  • the seal assembly comprises a fluid passage 50 having a first end 51 and a second end 52.
  • the first end 51 is located at an axial position between the unsegmented seal 40 and at least one respective packing 32 of the one or more packing retainers 30.
  • the axial position of the first end 51 of the fluid passage 50 is defined with respect to the longitudinal axis 21 of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the fluid passage 50 is operatively configured to vent a fluid leaking past the at least one respective packing 32.
  • FIG. 1 shows the port at the first end 51 of the fluid passage 50 defined within the flange 110.
  • the seal assembly comprises a valve 60 in fluid communication with the second end 52 of the fluid passage 50.
  • the valve 60 is operatively connected to the second end 52 of the fluid passage 50 to allow or prevent flow through the fluid passage 50.
  • the seal assembly may comprise a vent member 70, a so-called "vent cup” wherein the fluid passage 50 passes through the vent member 70. At least a portion of the fluid passage is defined within the vent member.
  • the vent member may contain a respective packing 72.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the port at the first end 51 of the fluid passage 50 defined within a vent member 70.
  • the reciprocating rod 20 on a reciprocating compressor typically moves in a radial direction very slightly in addition to the main axial direction. This radial motion will tend to compress the unsegmented seal 40 preferentially on one side, potentially causing wear on the unsegmented seal 40 due to increased contact load.
  • the seal assembly may comprise a bushing 80 for the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the bushing 80 if present, is in a position effective to reduce the compressive load on the unsegmented seal 40.
  • the bushing 80 if present, is positioned next to the unsegmented seal 40 to keep the reciprocating rod 20 centered and prevent undue compressive loads on the unsegmented seal 40.
  • the seal assembly may comprise a seal carrier 45 in fixed spaced relation to the one or more packing retainers 30.
  • the seal carrier 45 retains the unsegmented seal 40.
  • the seal carrier 45 may be fixably attached to the mounting flange 110.
  • the seal carrier 45 shown in FIG. 3 is configured to allow the unsegmented seal 40 to move radially in response to radial movement of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the unsegmented seal 40 may be held in the seal carrier 45 such that the unsegmented seal 40 is permitted to move radially with the radial movement of the reciprocating rod 20.
  • the seal assembly may comprise a pressure transducer 100 operatively disposed to sense the pressure in a transfer line between the second end 52 of the fluid passage 50 and the valve 60. By monitoring the pressure in the transfer line with the pressure transducer 100, proper operation of the seal can be verified and leakage through the packings can be monitored so that the packings, when worn out, can be replaced.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly as described above.
  • the reciprocating compressor comprises a reciprocating rod 20 and a seal assembly 10 as described above.
  • the other components of the reciprocating compressor may be as known in the art.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method of operating the reciprocating compressor with the seal assembly described above.
  • the method comprises venting any fluid leaking past the packings 32 through the valve 60 when the reciprocating compressor is operating, and closing the valve and keeping the valve closed when the reciprocating compressor is stopped.
  • Seals wear over the course of their useful lifetime and eventually begin to leak once too much material is lost.
  • the amount of material lost during operation is a function of both contact pressure and the total distance over which the seal has traveled. The higher the contact pressure and the greater the total sliding distance, the higher will be the total loss of material. This loss of material eventually results in the seal 'wearing out'.
  • the sliding distance is equal to the velocity of the sliding multiplied by the total time, so the total amount of material lost during operation per unit time is linearly related to the contact pressure (P) and the velocity (V). The higher the PV, the faster the seal will wear out.
  • the velocity can be reduced, which may not be possible for a given application, or the contact pressure can be reduced.
  • the contact pressure is primarily a function of the pressure differential across the seal, so the higher the pressure differential, the faster the seal will wear out.
  • the lifetime of the unsegmented seal is increased by providing a minimal contact pressure during normal operating when the seal is exposed to sliding.
  • Unsegmented seals like those described in the present disclosure are commonly made of wear resistant materials and can last for roughly 1000 hours while under pressure of 690 kPa (100 psi) differential and while operating at normal velocity. However, a pressure of 690 kPa (100 psi) differential is much lower than the applications considered for this sealing assembly, such as for compressing hydrogen for hydrogen fueling.
  • Seal lifes of 100 hours are too short for practical use.
  • the remaining seal pressure which is caused only by the stretching of the seal over the shaft, is very low.
  • the contact pressure of the seal with no pressure differential across it and only pressure caused by the stretching of the seal over the shaft is lower than the known seal by a factor of 5 to 10 so the seal life will increase by that amount.
  • the rate of seal material removed during operation is linearly proportional to contact pressure and sliding velocity. Reducing the contact pressure by essentially eliminating the pressure differential across the seal during operation is expected to increase the useful life of the seal to between 5000 and 10,000 hours.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dichtungsanordnung (10) für eine sich hin- und herbewegende Stange eines Verdichters, wobei die Dichtungsanordnung ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende aufweist, wobei das erste Ende der Dichtungsanordnung in Richtung eines Zylinderendes der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange angeordnet ist, wobei das zweite Ende der Dichtungsanordnung in Richtung eines Kurbelgehäuseendes der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange angeordnet ist, wobei die sich hin- und herbewegende Stange eine Längsachse aufweist, und wobei die Dichtungsanordnung umfasst:
    einen oder mehrere Packungshalter (30), wobei jeder des einen oder der mehreren Packungshalter eine jeweilige Packung enthält, die so eingerichtet ist, dass sie die sich hin- und herbewegende Stange berührt;
    eine nicht segmentierte Dichtung (40), die so eingerichtet ist, dass sie eine Dichtungsgrenzfläche mit der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange bildet, wobei die nicht segmentierte Dichtung an einer axialen Position näher an dem zweiten Ende (12) der Dichtungsanordnung relativ zu der axialen Position des einen oder der mehreren Packungshalter angeordnet ist, wobei die axiale Position in Bezug auf die Längsachse der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange definiert ist;
    einen Fluiddurchgang (50), der ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende aufweist, wobei das erste Ende an einer axialen Position zwischen der unsegmentierten Dichtung und zumindest einer jeweiligen Packung der einen oder mehreren Packungshalterungen angeordnet ist, wobei die axiale Position des ersten Endes des Fluiddurchgangs in Bezug auf die Längsachse der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange definiert ist, wobei der Fluiddurchgang für den Betrieb so eingerichtet ist, dass er ein Fluid entlüftet, das an der zumindest einen jeweiligen Packung vorbeileckt; und
    ein Ventil (60) in Fluidverbindung mit dem zweiten Ende des Fluiddurchgangs.
  2. Dichtungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Innendurchmesser der nicht segmentierten Dichtung gleich dem Außendurchmesser der sich hin- und herbewegenden Stange ist.
  3. Dichtungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, des Weiteren umfassend ein Entlüftungselement, wobei der Fluiddurchgang durch das Entlüftungselement verläuft.
  4. Dichtungsanordnung nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Entlüftungselement eine entsprechende Packung beinhaltet.
  5. Dichtungsanordnung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die in jedem der einen oder mehreren Packungshalterungen enthaltene Packung eine segmentierte Packung ist.
  6. Dichtungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die in jedem der einen oder mehreren Packungshalterungen enthaltene Packung eine Schnurpackung ist.
  7. Dichtungsanordnung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, umfassend: eine Buchse für die sich hin- und herbewegende Stange, wobei sich die Buchse in einer Position befindet, die wirksam ist, um die Druckbelastung auf die unsegmentierte Dichtung zu reduzieren.
  8. Dichtungsanordnung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, des Weiteren umfassend einen Dichtungsträger in fester beabstandeter Relation zu dem einen oder den mehreren Packungshaltern, wobei der Dichtungsträger zum Halten der unsegmentierten Dichtung dient.
  9. Dichtungsanordnung nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Dichtungsträger so eingerichtet ist, dass er die nicht segmentierte Dichtung sich radial bewegen lässt.
  10. Dichtungsanordnung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, des Weiteren umfassend einen Druckwandler, der im Betrieb so angeordnet ist, dass er den Druck in einer Übertragungsleitung zwischen dem zweiten Ende des Fluidkanals und dem Ventil erfasst.
  11. Hubkolbenverdichter, umfassend:
    eine sich hin- und herbewegende Stange; und
    eine Dichtungsanordnung gemäß einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche.
  12. Verfahren zum Betreiben des Hubkolbenverdichters nach Anspruch 11,
    wobei jegliches Fluid, das an der mindestens einen jeweiligen Packung vorbeileckt, durch das Ventil entlüftet wird, wenn der Hubkolbenverdichter in Betrieb ist; und
    wobei das Ventil geschlossen wird, wenn der Hubkolbenverdichter angehalten wird.
EP18197613.5A 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter Active EP3628867B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18197613.5A EP3628867B1 (de) 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter
PL18197613T PL3628867T3 (pl) 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 Zespół uszczelniający do sprężarki tłokowej

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18197613.5A EP3628867B1 (de) 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3628867A1 EP3628867A1 (de) 2020-04-01
EP3628867B1 true EP3628867B1 (de) 2021-04-28

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EP18197613.5A Active EP3628867B1 (de) 2018-09-28 2018-09-28 Dichtungsanordnung für hubkolbenverdichter

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EP (1) EP3628867B1 (de)
PL (1) PL3628867T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202100005168A1 (it) * 2021-03-05 2022-09-05 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Sistema di raffreddamento per un compressore di idrogeno.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1019432B (de) * 1954-02-08 1957-11-14 Burckhardt Ag Maschf Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Druckes auf die Kolbenstangendichtungsringe von Kolbenkompressoren
US4469017A (en) 1983-02-23 1984-09-04 Dover Corporation Static leak seal assembly for use in fluid containing machinery
FR2885992B1 (fr) * 2005-05-17 2007-06-29 Air Liquide Procede valorisation des fuites de produits dans les systemes d'etancheite des compresseurs par recuperation et recyclage en tant que combustible
CN204458258U (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-07-08 晋城天煜新能源有限公司 小型压缩机泄漏气体收集利用的装置
US20180156208A1 (en) 2016-12-05 2018-06-07 Compressor Products International, Llc Inflatable static seal for a reciprocating rods

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Publication number Publication date
PL3628867T3 (pl) 2021-10-25
EP3628867A1 (de) 2020-04-01

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