EP3615599A1 - Flexible insulation material - Google Patents

Flexible insulation material

Info

Publication number
EP3615599A1
EP3615599A1 EP18703755.1A EP18703755A EP3615599A1 EP 3615599 A1 EP3615599 A1 EP 3615599A1 EP 18703755 A EP18703755 A EP 18703755A EP 3615599 A1 EP3615599 A1 EP 3615599A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulation material
rubber mixture
rubber
flexible insulation
silicone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18703755.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jens Storre
Steffen Wietzke
Tomasz Janiszewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ContiTech Elastomer Beschichtungen GmbH
Original Assignee
ContiTech Elastomer Beschichtungen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ContiTech Elastomer Beschichtungen GmbH filed Critical ContiTech Elastomer Beschichtungen GmbH
Publication of EP3615599A1 publication Critical patent/EP3615599A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/346—Clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/28—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances natural or synthetic rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045—Sulfates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible insulation material based on a
  • Rubber mixture containing at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres Rubber mixture containing at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres.
  • Flexible insulation materials in particular for the thermal and / or acoustic insulation of components, are already known, for example, from WO 2012/175268 A1, WO
  • the insulating materials described serve for the thermal insulation of various, in particular more complex, components.
  • a flexible insulation material based on a rubber mixture comprising at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres which is additionally distinguished by improved dielectric properties without negatively influencing the good compressibility of the insulation material.
  • the flexible insulation material is based on at least one rubber mixture which comprises at least one
  • the rubber mixture for the flexible insulation material contains at least one silicone rubber.
  • silicone rubber all known to those skilled person silicone rubbers can be used. Possible are, for example.
  • Silicone rubbers also referred to as poly (organo) siloxanes. They have groups accessible to crosslinking reactions, which are predominantly, but not exclusively, hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups and vinyl groups, which may each be in the chain or at the chain ends. This may be, for example, vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane (VMQ or MVQ) or phenyl-vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane (PVMQ) or fluorosilico-rubber-fluoromethyl-polysiloxane (FVMQ).
  • VMQ vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane
  • PVMQ phenyl-vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane
  • FVMQ fluorosilico-rubber-fluoromethyl-polysiloxane
  • RTV room temperature curing
  • HTV hot-curing silicone rubbers
  • One-component and two-component systems can be distinguished with RTV silicone rubbers.
  • the silicone rubber can also be used as a premix of polymer, filler and oil, as is common in the market.
  • the rubber mixture additionally contains at least one further rubber, which is not a silicone rubber. In this case, all known to the skilled person rubbers are possible.
  • the rubber mixture additionally contains at least one plasticizer.
  • plasticizers known to the skilled person which are compatible with the respective one
  • Silicone rubber are.
  • the use of silicone oil has proved to be advantageous, since this is well compatible with the silicone rubber.
  • Crosslinking silicone oils which participate in the crosslinking of the rubber mixture and are often referred to as crosslinkable silicone oils, have proven particularly suitable. These lead to a further significant reduction of the possible exudation.
  • the rubber mixture further contains hollow microspheres. This gives it a pore structure, which is the thermal and acoustic
  • microspheres are hollow spheres (microspheres) with a diameter in the ⁇ - ⁇ glass,
  • Phenolic resin carbon or thermoplastic material. They are available in expandable form, filled with a propellant and used in the
  • Expand heating or in pre-expanded form, in which the expansion is completed before mixing.
  • the rubber mixture preferably contains from 2 to 200 phr, particularly preferably from 2 to 30 phr, very particularly preferably from 2 to 15 phr of already expanded hollow microspheres of thermoplastic material, preferably of acrylonitrile polymer, so that the
  • Rubber mixture already has a pore structure before use as an insulating material or before crosslinking.
  • Hollow microspheres offer the advantage of forming a closed pore structure that is more suitable for insulation purposes because of less convection in the pores.
  • Pore content the insulation effect.
  • excessive amounts of hollow microspheres can result in processing problems in compounding or processing.
  • the insulating material loses strength, which is disadvantageous when it is applied to the components to be insulated.
  • thermoplastic material Compared to hollow glass microspheres, the use of hollow microspheres of thermoplastic material results in a higher compressibility, which, combined with the good dielectric properties of the invention
  • Isolation material allows this example. Use as a sensor. In this case, deformations of the material can be measured by the change in the dielectric properties due to the compressibility of the material, so that it can be used in a crash sensor in the vehicle.
  • the rubber mixture at least one
  • Combination contains.
  • Barium sulphate, BaS0 4 is the barium salt of sulfuric acid and has a high content
  • Silicone rubber compound significantly optimized. At the same time, it additionally has a sound-absorbing effect and gives the rubber compound a white color, as it is also known as white pigment. Due to the low oil content, it is good in the
  • Rubber compound which in addition to the good processability also ensures a uniform dielectric constant over the entire mixture and uniform over the entire mixture dielectric loss factor.
  • Titanium dioxide Ti0 2
  • Ti0 2 Titanium dioxide
  • Nanoparticle size has become a focus of concern among health authorities. Titanium dioxide has a very high
  • Dielectric constant and a very high compression modulus so it is especially suitable for flexible insulation materials in which the compression properties are not the focus.
  • the fillers BaS0 4 , Ti0 2 and Al 2 Si 2 05 (OH) 4 can be used according to the invention each alone or in combination.
  • the total amount of one of the listed combinations of fillers in a preferred embodiment is 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, most preferably 20 to 40 phr.
  • the flexibility of the insulating material according to the invention is given by the fact that the rubber mixture is partially uncrosslinked and plastically deformable.
  • Partially uncrosslinked means that either has not been used up
  • Crosslinking chemicals or still crosslinkable polymer components are included.
  • Plastic deformation means the ability of materials to irreversibly deform under the action of force when a yield point is exceeded, and to maintain this shape after exposure. It can thus be used as plasticine, but also extruded or otherwise brought into the desired shape.
  • the rubber mixture can additionally be adjusted in such a way that it has a stickiness which results in it sticking (adhering) to itself and to the surface of the object to be insulated, thus ensuring good fixation.
  • Insulation material containing the above rubber mixture can be crosslinked or further crosslinked after application by the action of temperature and / or radiation.
  • the insulation material is therefore still crosslinkable after application.
  • the radiation can be IR radiation, microwaves or other high-energy
  • the effect of temperature can be done for example by heating with hot air through a hair dryer.
  • it is particularly simple and fast to crosslink by virtue of the fact that the temperature effect takes place through the intrinsic heat of the component to be insulated or of the electrical conductor or the heat flowing through the component to be insulated itself.
  • the insulating material Due to the subsequent cross-linking, the insulating material is fixed in its position for a long time in a stable manner, since the rubber mixture changes from the plastic to the elastic state during the cross-linking.
  • An elastomeric, compressible insulating component is obtained, which can also be reused after disassembly at the same point or elsewhere in the case of an identically formed component to be insulated.
  • Insulation material advantageously at least one flame retardant.
  • Flame retardants can be any of the flame retardants known to those skilled in the art, which have no negative impact on the dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composition. However, due to current legal requirements, it is preferred if the flame retardant used is free of halogen and antimony trioxide.
  • Stannates such as zinc stannate or zinc hydroxystannate, hydroxides, such as magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, cyanurates, such as melamine cyanurate, borates, such as zinc borate, phosphorus-containing components, such as resorcinol diphosphate or aromatic polyphosphates, nitrogen-containing ones, are used in particular
  • Components such as ammonium phosphate, carbonates such as calcium carbonate or
  • the insulating material according to the invention can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, wherein a rubber mixture with all the required additives is produced and the mixture is subsequently portioned. This can be done with the help of a mixing extruder or a roller or a twin-screw extruder.
  • the insulation material can be offered in various forms, eg. B. in the form of spheres, strands, strips, webs or ribbons, or simply informally as deformable mass, such as. Plasticine present.
  • the flexible insulation material may be present before the application to the component to be insulated preferably as a finished part or as réelle Jerusalemder hose. However, it can also be applied by injection molding using, for example, a cartridge.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible insulation material based on a rubber mixture containing at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres. In order to optimize the dielectric properties, the rubber mixture of the insulation material contains, as at least one filling material BaSO4 and/or TiO2 and/or Al2Si2O5(OH)4 respectively in isolation or in combination.

Description

Beschreibung Flexibles Isolationsmaterial  Description Flexible insulation material
Die Erfindung betrifft ein flexibles Isolationsmaterial auf der Basis einer The invention relates to a flexible insulation material based on a
Kautschukmischung enthaltend wenigstens einen Silikonkautschuk und Mikrohohlkugeln. Flexible Isolationsmaterialien, insbesondere für die thermische und/oder akustische Isolation von Bauteilen, sind bereits bspw. aus WO 2012/175268 AI , WO Rubber mixture containing at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres. Flexible insulation materials, in particular for the thermal and / or acoustic insulation of components, are already known, for example, from WO 2012/175268 A1, WO
2011/154188A1, EP2842991A1 oder WO 2011/047923A1 bekannt. Die dort 2011 / 154188A1, EP2842991A1 or WO 2011 / 047923A1. These
beschriebenen Isolationsmaterialien dienen aufgrund der hervorragenden Flexibilität, Viskosität und Kompressibilität zur thermischen Isolation von verschiedenen, insbesondere komplexeren, Bauteilen. As a result of their outstanding flexibility, viscosity and compressibility, the insulating materials described serve for the thermal insulation of various, in particular more complex, components.
Aber nicht nur komplexe Bauteile, wie Gas- und oder Heizungsrohre oder Dichtungen in industriellen Großanlagen, können mit dem flexiblen Isolationsmaterial thermisch und ggf. auch akustisch isoliert werden, sondern das Isolationsmaterial kann auch zur Isolation von elektrischen Leitern, wie bspw. Kupferdrähten, verwendet werden.  But not only complex components, such as gas and or heating pipes or gaskets in large industrial plants can be thermally insulated with the flexible insulation material and possibly also acoustically, but the insulation material can also be used for the isolation of electrical conductors, such as, copper wires ,
Hierbei spielen dann allerdings nicht nur die thermischen und akustischen Eigenschaften des Materials eine große Rolle, sondern vor allem auch die dielektrischen Eigenschaften. However, not only the thermal and acoustic properties of the material play an important role, but above all the dielectric properties.
Im Rahmen einer Weiterentwicklung ist es somit die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein flexibles Isolationsmaterial auf der Basis einer Kautschukmischung enthaltend wenigstens einen Silikonkautschuk und Mikrohohlkugeln bereitzustellen, der sich zusätzlich durch verbesserte dielektrische Eigenschaften auszeichnet ohne insbesondere die gute Kompressibilität des Isolationsmaterials negativ zu beeinflussen. Within the scope of a further development, it is thus the object of the present invention to provide a flexible insulation material based on a rubber mixture comprising at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres which is additionally distinguished by improved dielectric properties without negatively influencing the good compressibility of the insulation material.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch, dass das flexible Isolationsmaterial auf der Basis wenigstens einer Kautschukmischung ist, welche wenigstens einen This object is achieved according to the invention in that the flexible insulation material is based on at least one rubber mixture which comprises at least one
Silikonkautschuk und Mikrohohlkugeln und als wenigstens einen Füllstoff BaS04 und / oder T1O2 und / oder Al2Si205(OH)4 jeweils alleine oder in Kombination enthält. Erfindungsgemäß enthält die Kautschukmischung für das flexible Isolationsmaterial wenigstens einen Silikonkautschuk. Hierbei können alle der fachkundigen Person bekannten Silikonkautschuke verwendet werden. Möglich sind bspw. Silicone rubber and hollow microspheres and at least one filler BaS0 4 and / or T1O2 and / or Al 2 Si205 (OH) 4 each alone or in combination contains. According to the invention, the rubber mixture for the flexible insulation material contains at least one silicone rubber. In this case, all known to those skilled person silicone rubbers can be used. Possible are, for example.
Silikonkautschuke, die auch als Poly(organo)siloxane bezeichnet werden. Sie weisen für Vernetzungsreaktionen zugängige Gruppen auf, wobei es sich vorwiegend, aber nicht ausschließlich, um Wasserstoffatome, Hydroxygruppen und Vinylgruppen handelt, welche sich jeweils in der Kette oder an den Kettenenden befinden können. Hierbei kann es sich bspw. um Vinyl-Methyl-Polysiloxan (VMQ bzw. MVQ) oder um Phenyl-Vinyl-Methyl- Polysiloxan (PVMQ) oder um Fluorsiliko-Kautschuk-Fluormethyl-Polysiloxan (FVMQ) handeln. Silicone rubbers, also referred to as poly (organo) siloxanes. They have groups accessible to crosslinking reactions, which are predominantly, but not exclusively, hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups and vinyl groups, which may each be in the chain or at the chain ends. This may be, for example, vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane (VMQ or MVQ) or phenyl-vinyl-methyl-polysiloxane (PVMQ) or fluorosilico-rubber-fluoromethyl-polysiloxane (FVMQ).
Es gibt kaltvernetzende Silikonkautschuke (RTV = Raumtemperatur vernetzend) und heiß vernetzende Silikonkautschuke (HTV = Hochtemperatur vernetzend).  There are cold-curing silicone rubbers (RTV = room temperature curing) and hot-curing silicone rubbers (HTV = high-temperature crosslinking).
Bei den RTV- Silikonkautschuken lassen sich Ein- und Zweikomponentensysteme unterscheiden. Der Silikonkautschuk kann auch als Vormischung aus Polymer, Füllstoff und Öl, wie auf dem Markt üblich, eingesetzt werden. One-component and two-component systems can be distinguished with RTV silicone rubbers. The silicone rubber can also be used as a premix of polymer, filler and oil, as is common in the market.
Es ist denkbar, dass die Kautschukmischung zusätzlich noch wenigstens einen weiteren Kautschuk enthält, der kein Silikonkautschuk ist. Hierbei sind alle der fachkundigen Person bekannten Kautschuke möglich.  It is conceivable that the rubber mixture additionally contains at least one further rubber, which is not a silicone rubber. In this case, all known to the skilled person rubbers are possible.
Insbesondere zur Einstellung der Viskosität enthält die Kautschukmischung zusätzlich noch wenigstens einen Weichmacher. Hierbei können alle der fachkundigen Person bekannten Weichmacher verwendet werden, die kompatibel mit dem jeweiligen In particular, for adjusting the viscosity, the rubber mixture additionally contains at least one plasticizer. In this case, it is possible to use all plasticizers known to the skilled person which are compatible with the respective one
Silikonkautschuk sind. Insbesondere die Verwendung von Silikonöl hat sich hierbei als vorteilhaft erwiesen, da dies gut mit dem Silikonkautschuk verträglich ist. Besonders gut geeignet haben sich einvernetzende Silikonöle gezeigt, die sich an der Vernetzung der Kautschukmischung beteiligen und häufig als vernetzbare Silikonöle bezeichnet werden. Diese führen zu einer weiteren deutlichen Reduzierung des möglichen Ausschwitzens. Silicone rubber are. In particular, the use of silicone oil has proved to be advantageous, since this is well compatible with the silicone rubber. Crosslinking silicone oils, which participate in the crosslinking of the rubber mixture and are often referred to as crosslinkable silicone oils, have proven particularly suitable. These lead to a further significant reduction of the possible exudation.
Erfindungsgemäß enthält die Kautschukmischung weiterhin Mikrohohlkugeln. Hierdurch erhält sie eine Porenstruktur, welche die thermischen und akustischen According to the invention, the rubber mixture further contains hollow microspheres. This gives it a pore structure, which is the thermal and acoustic
Isolationseigenschaften verbessert. Bei den Mikrohohlkugeln, oft auch nur als Mikrokugeln bezeichnet, handelt es sich um hohle Kugeln (Mikrosphären) mit einem Durchmesser im μιη-ΒεΓείΰΙι aus Glas, Improved insulation properties. The hollow microspheres, often referred to as microspheres, are hollow spheres (microspheres) with a diameter in the μιη-ΒεΓείΰΙι glass,
Phenolharz, Kohlenstoff oder thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial. Es gibt es sie in expandierbarer Form, wobei sie mit einem Treibmittel gefüllt sind und sich beim Phenolic resin, carbon or thermoplastic material. They are available in expandable form, filled with a propellant and used in the
Erwärmen ausdehnen, oder in vorexpandierter Form, bei der die Ausdehnung schon vor dem Einmischen abgeschlossen ist. Expand heating, or in pre-expanded form, in which the expansion is completed before mixing.
Bevorzugt enthält die Kautschukmischung 2 bis 200 phr, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 30 phr, ganz besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 15 phr bereits expandierte Mikrohohlkugeln aus thermoplastischen Material, bevorzugt aus Acrylnitrilpolymer, so dass die  The rubber mixture preferably contains from 2 to 200 phr, particularly preferably from 2 to 30 phr, very particularly preferably from 2 to 15 phr of already expanded hollow microspheres of thermoplastic material, preferably of acrylonitrile polymer, so that the
Kautschukmischung bereits vor der Verwendung als Isolationsmaterial bzw. vor der Vernetzung eine Porenstruktur aufweist. Rubber mixture already has a pore structure before use as an insulating material or before crosslinking.
Mikrohohlkugeln bieten den Vorteil der Bildung einer geschlossenen Porenstruktur, die für Isolationszwecke wegen geringerer Konvektion in den Poren besser geeignet ist. Je höher die Menge an expandierten Mikrohohlkugeln, desto besser wird durch den höheren  Hollow microspheres offer the advantage of forming a closed pore structure that is more suitable for insulation purposes because of less convection in the pores. The higher the amount of expanded hollow microspheres, the better will be the higher one
Porenanteil die Isolationswirkung. Bei zu großen Mengen an Mikrohohlkugeln können sich jedoch verarbeitungstechnische Probleme bei der Mischungsherstellung oder - Verarbeitung ergeben. Das Isolationsmaterial verliert an Festigkeit, was beim Aufbringen auf die zu isolierenden Bauteile von Nachteil ist. Pore content the insulation effect. However, excessive amounts of hollow microspheres can result in processing problems in compounding or processing. The insulating material loses strength, which is disadvantageous when it is applied to the components to be insulated.
Im Vergleich zu den Mikrohohlkugeln aus Glas ergibt sich durch die Verwendung von Mikrohohlkugeln aus thermoplastischen Material eine höhere Kompressibilität, was es in Verbindung mit den guten dielektrischen Eigenschaften des erfindungsgemäßen  Compared to hollow glass microspheres, the use of hollow microspheres of thermoplastic material results in a higher compressibility, which, combined with the good dielectric properties of the invention
Isolationsmaterials ermöglicht, dieses bspw. als Sensor einzusetzen. Hierbei können durch die Änderung der dielektrischen Eigenschaften durch die Kompressibilität des Materials Deformationen am Material gemessen werden, so dass es sich in einem Aufprallsensors im Fahrzeug verwenden lässt. Isolation material allows this example. Use as a sensor. In this case, deformations of the material can be measured by the change in the dielectric properties due to the compressibility of the material, so that it can be used in a crash sensor in the vehicle.
Wesentlich für die Erfindung ist es, dass die Kautschukmischung wenigstens einen Essential for the invention is that the rubber mixture at least one
Füllstoff BaSC"4 und / oder Ti02 und / oder Al2Si2Os(OH)4 jeweils alleine oder in BaSC "4 and / or Ti0 2 and / or Al 2 Si 2 Os (OH) 4 filler either alone or in
Kombination enthält. Bariumsulfat, BaS04, ist das Bariumsalz der Schwefelsäure und besitzt eine hohe Combination contains. Barium sulphate, BaS0 4 , is the barium salt of sulfuric acid and has a high content
Elektronendichte, wodurch es die dieelektrischen Eigenschaften der Electron density, which makes it the dielectric properties of
Silikonkautschukmischung deutlich optimiert. Gleichzeitig wirkt es dadurch zusätzlich schalldämpfend und verleiht der Kautschukmischung eine weiße Färbung, da es auch als Weißpigment bezeichnet wird. Aufgrund der geringen Ölzahl lässt es sich gut in derSilicone rubber compound significantly optimized. At the same time, it additionally has a sound-absorbing effect and gives the rubber compound a white color, as it is also known as white pigment. Due to the low oil content, it is good in the
Kautschukmischung dispergieren, was neben der guten Verarbeitbarkeit auch eine über die gesamte Mischung gleichmäßige Dielektrizitätskonstante und einen über die gesamte Mischung gleichmäßigen dielektrischen Verlustfaktor gewährleistet. Kaolin, Α128ί2θ5(ΟΗ)4, ist ein Verwitterungsprodukt des Feldspats und Hauptbestandteil von Kaolin, welches auch als Porzellanerde oder weiße Tonerde bezeichnet wird. Es kann ebenso wie Bariumsulfat auch als Weißpigment eingesetzt werden. Aufgrund des hohen Schmelzpunktes und der gleichmäßigen Schichtung von oktaedrischen Aluminat- und tetraedrischen Silikatschichten, die über Schichten von Sauerstoffatomen verbunden sind, ergibt sich zusätzlich zu den guten dielektrischen Eigenschaften bei Einsatz in der Silikonkautschukmischung noch eine gute Flamm- und Feuerbeständigkeit. Rubber compound, which in addition to the good processability also ensures a uniform dielectric constant over the entire mixture and uniform over the entire mixture dielectric loss factor. Kaolin, Α1 2 8ί 2 θ5 (ΟΗ) 4, a weathering product of feldspar and the main constituent of kaolin, which is also referred to as china clay or white clay. Like barium sulphate, it can also be used as a white pigment. Due to the high melting point and the uniform stratification of octahedral aluminate and tetrahedral silicate layers, which are connected via layers of oxygen atoms, in addition to the good dielectric properties when used in the silicone rubber mixture still good flame and fire resistance.
Titandioxid, Ti02, wird ebenso als Weißpigment verwendet. Es ist lichtbeständig und preiswert, allerdings in den letzten Jahren auch aufgrund der meist verwendeten Titanium dioxide, Ti0 2 , is also used as a white pigment. It is lightfast and inexpensive, but in recent years also due to the most used
Nanopartikelgröße hinsichtlich gesundheitlicher Bedenken in den Fokus gerückt verschiedener Gesundheitsbehörden gerückt. Titandioxid hat eine sehr hohe Nanoparticle size has become a focus of concern among health authorities. Titanium dioxide has a very high
Dielektrizitätskonstante und einen sehr hohen Kompressionsmodul, so dass es sich vor allem für flexible Isolationsmaterialien eignet, bei denen die Kompressionseigenschaften nicht im Vordergrund stehen. Dielectric constant and a very high compression modulus, so it is especially suitable for flexible insulation materials in which the compression properties are not the focus.
Die Füllstoffe BaS04, Ti02 und Al2Si205(OH)4 können erfindungsgemäß jeweils alleine oder in Kombination eingesetzt werden. The fillers BaS0 4 , Ti0 2 and Al 2 Si 2 05 (OH) 4 can be used according to the invention each alone or in combination.
Folgende Kombinationen sind hierbei möglich: The following combinations are possible:
BaS04 und Ti02 und Al2Si205(OH)4 BaSO 4 and TiO 2 and Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4
BaS04 und Ti02 BaS0 4 and Ti0 2
BaS04 und Al2Si205(OH)4 BaSO 4 and Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4
Die Gesamtmenge bei einer der aufgeführten Kombinationen der Füllstoffe beträgt in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform 5 bis 60 phr, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 50 phr, ganz besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 40 phr.  The total amount of one of the listed combinations of fillers in a preferred embodiment is 5 to 60 phr, more preferably 10 to 50 phr, most preferably 20 to 40 phr.
Wird einer der Füllstoffe alleine verwendet so gelten die obigen bevorzugten If one of the fillers is used alone, the above preferred ones apply
Mengenangaben ebenso für den einzelnen Füllstoff. Quantities also for the individual filler.
Die Flexibilität des Isolationsmaterials ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gegeben, dass die Kautschukmischung teilweise unvernetzt und plastisch verformbar ist. The flexibility of the insulating material according to the invention is given by the fact that the rubber mixture is partially uncrosslinked and plastically deformable.
Teilweise unvernetzt bedeutet, dass entweder noch nicht verbrauchte Partially uncrosslinked means that either has not been used up
Vernetzungschemikalien oder noch vernetzbare Polymerbestandteile enthalten sind.  Crosslinking chemicals or still crosslinkable polymer components are included.
Unter plastischer Verformung wird die Fähigkeit von Stoffen verstanden, sich unter einer Krafteinwirkung nach Überschreiten einer Fließgrenze irreversibel zu verformen und diese Form nach der Einwirkung beizubehalten. Es kann somit wie Knetmasse verwendet werden, aber auch extrudiert oder anderweitig in die gewünschte Form gebracht werden. Die Kautschukmischung kann hierbei zusätzlich so eingestellt werden, dass sie eine Klebrigkeit aufweist, die dazu führt, dass sie an sich selbst und an der Oberfläche des zu isolierenden Objektes kleben (haften) bleibt und somit eine gute Fixierung gewährleistet wird. Plastic deformation means the ability of materials to irreversibly deform under the action of force when a yield point is exceeded, and to maintain this shape after exposure. It can thus be used as plasticine, but also extruded or otherwise brought into the desired shape. In this case, the rubber mixture can additionally be adjusted in such a way that it has a stickiness which results in it sticking (adhering) to itself and to the surface of the object to be insulated, thus ensuring good fixation.
Das auf das zu isolierende Bauteil oder auf den elektrischen Leiter aufgebrachte The applied to the component to be insulated or on the electrical conductor
Isolationsmaterial, enthaltend die obige Kautschukmischung, kann nach der Aufbringung durch Einwirkung von Temperatur und/oder Strahlung vernetzt bzw. weiter vernetzt werden. Das Isolationsmaterial ist nach der Aufbringung also noch vernetzbar. Bei der Strahlung kann es sich um IR-Strahlung, Mikrowellen oder sonstige energiereiche Insulation material containing the above rubber mixture can be crosslinked or further crosslinked after application by the action of temperature and / or radiation. The insulation material is therefore still crosslinkable after application. The radiation can be IR radiation, microwaves or other high-energy
Strahlung handeln. Die Einwirkung von Temperatur kann beispielsweise durch das Erwärmen mit heißer Luft durch einen Föhn erfolgen. Besonders einfach und schnell lässt es sich aber dadurch vernetzen, dass die Temperatureinwirkung durch die Eigenwärme des zu isolierenden Bauteils oder des elektrischen Leiters oder die durch das zu isolierende Bauteil strömende Wärme selbst erfolgt. Durch die nachträgliche Vernetzung wird das Isolationsmaterial langzeitstabil in seiner Position fixiert, da die Kautschukmischung bei der Vernetzung vom plastischen in den elastischen Zustand übergeht. Man erhält ein elastomeres, kompressibles Isolationsbauteil, welches auch nach der Demontage an gleicher Stelle oder an anderer Stelle bei einem gleich ausgebildeten, zu isolierenden Bauteil wiederverwendet werden kann. Act radiation. The effect of temperature can be done for example by heating with hot air through a hair dryer. However, it is particularly simple and fast to crosslink by virtue of the fact that the temperature effect takes place through the intrinsic heat of the component to be insulated or of the electrical conductor or the heat flowing through the component to be insulated itself. Due to the subsequent cross-linking, the insulating material is fixed in its position for a long time in a stable manner, since the rubber mixture changes from the plastic to the elastic state during the cross-linking. An elastomeric, compressible insulating component is obtained, which can also be reused after disassembly at the same point or elsewhere in the case of an identically formed component to be insulated.
Zur Verbesserung des Flammschutzes enthält die Kautschukmischung des To improve the flame retardant contains the rubber mixture of
Isolationsmaterials vorteilhafterweise wenigstens ein Flammschutzmittel. Als Insulation material advantageously at least one flame retardant. When
Flammschutzmittel können alle der fachkundigen Person bekannten Flammschutzmittel verwendet werden, die keinen negativen Einfluss auf die dielektrischen Eigenschaften der Silikonkautschukmischung haben. Aufgrund aktueller gesetzlicher Vorgaben ist es allerdings bevorzugt, wenn das verwendete Flammschutzmittel frei von Halogen und Antimontrioxid ist. Es kommen hierbei insbesondere Stannate, wie Zinkstannat oder Zinkhydroxystannat, Hydroxide, wie Magnesiumhydroxid oder Aluminiumhydroxid, Cyanurate, wie Melamincyanurat, Borate, wie Zinkborat, phosphorhaltige Komponenten, wie Resorcinoldiphosphat oder aromatische Polyphosphate, stickstoffhaltige Flame retardants can be any of the flame retardants known to those skilled in the art, which have no negative impact on the dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composition. However, due to current legal requirements, it is preferred if the flame retardant used is free of halogen and antimony trioxide. Stannates, such as zinc stannate or zinc hydroxystannate, hydroxides, such as magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide, cyanurates, such as melamine cyanurate, borates, such as zinc borate, phosphorus-containing components, such as resorcinol diphosphate or aromatic polyphosphates, nitrogen-containing ones, are used in particular
Komponenten, wie Ammoniumphosphat, Carbonate, wie Calciumcarbonat oder Components such as ammonium phosphate, carbonates such as calcium carbonate or
Magnesiumcarbonat, oder Blähgraphit in Frage. Magnesium carbonate, or expandable graphite in question.
Das erfindungsgemäße Isolationsmaterial lässt sich nach dem Fachmann bekannten Verfahren herstellen, wobei eine Kautschukmischung mit allen benötigten Zuschlagstoffen erzeugt wird und die Mischung im Anschluss portioniert wird. Dies kann mit Hilfe eines Mischextruders oder einer Walze oder eines Zweischneckenextruders erfolgen. The insulating material according to the invention can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, wherein a rubber mixture with all the required additives is produced and the mixture is subsequently portioned. This can be done with the help of a mixing extruder or a roller or a twin-screw extruder.
Das Isolationsmaterial kann in unterschiedlichsten Formen angeboten werden, z. B. in Form von Kugeln, Strängen, Streifen, Bahnen oder Bändern, oder auch einfach formlos als verformbare Masse, wie bspw. Knetmasse vorliegen. The insulation material can be offered in various forms, eg. B. in the form of spheres, strands, strips, webs or ribbons, or simply informally as deformable mass, such as. Plasticine present.
Das flexible Isolationsmaterial kann hierbei vor dem Aufbringen auf das zu isolierende Bauteil bevorzugt als Fertigteil oder als aufzuziehender Schlauch vorliegen. Es kann aber ebenso im Spritzgußverfahren mittels bspw. einer Kartusche aufgebracht werden.  The flexible insulation material may be present before the application to the component to be insulated preferably as a finished part or as aufzuziehender hose. However, it can also be applied by injection molding using, for example, a cartridge.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Flexibles Isolationsmaterial auf der Basis wenigstens einer Kautschukmischung 1. Flexible insulation material based on at least one rubber mixture
enthaltend wenigstens einen Silikonkautschuk und Mikrohohlkugeln,  containing at least one silicone rubber and hollow microspheres,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kautschukmischung als wenigstens einen Füllstoff BaSC"4 und / oder Ti02 und / oder Al2Si205(OH)4 jeweils alleine oder in Kombination enthält. characterized in that the rubber mixture as at least one filler BaSC "4 and / or Ti0 2 and / or Al 2 Si 2 05 (OH) 4 each alone or in combination.
2. Isolationsmaterial nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 2. Insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that the
Gesamtmenge an BaSC"4 und / oder Ti02 und / oder Al2Si205(OH)4 5 bis 60 phr beträgt. Total amount of BaSC "4 and / or Ti0 2 and / or Al 2 Si 2 05 (OH) 4 is 5 to 60 phr.
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