EP3609792B1 - Verfahren zur regelung der heizleistung von schrumpfvorrichtungen und entsprechende vorrichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur regelung der heizleistung von schrumpfvorrichtungen und entsprechende vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3609792B1
EP3609792B1 EP18717574.0A EP18717574A EP3609792B1 EP 3609792 B1 EP3609792 B1 EP 3609792B1 EP 18717574 A EP18717574 A EP 18717574A EP 3609792 B1 EP3609792 B1 EP 3609792B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
heating devices
operating mode
temperature
active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18717574.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3609792A1 (de
Inventor
Herbert Braam
Stefan Skodek
Heiko Bartholemy
Holger Kamps
Tobias Kersten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KHS GmbH
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KHS GmbH
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Priority to PL18717574T priority Critical patent/PL3609792T3/pl
Publication of EP3609792A1 publication Critical patent/EP3609792A1/de
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Publication of EP3609792B1 publication Critical patent/EP3609792B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B53/00—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging
    • B65B53/02—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging by heat
    • B65B53/06—Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging by heat supplied by gases, e.g. hot-air jets
    • B65B53/063—Tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/10—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B57/16—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged and operating to stop, or to control the speed of, the machine as a whole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for shrinking a flat material onto a group of individual packagings to form bundles.
  • a shrinking device following the packaging machine, a solid or fixed packaging unit or a container is formed from each packaging group as it is conveyed through by shrinking the shrink film under the action of heat.
  • the heat within the shrinking device can be generated, for example, by electrical heating devices.
  • the shrinking device can, for example, comprise a plurality of heating zones following one another in the transport direction of the individual packs.
  • shrink devices with electrical heating devices which have a relatively low basic heating load, for example a basic heating load of 12-15 kW per heating zone.
  • a heating device is provided for each heating zone, which is preferably switched on and off together with the main switch of the shrink tunnel. This heating device providing the basic heating load is therefore constantly activated.
  • the pamphlet DE 10 2010 020 957 A1 discloses a shrink tunnel for applying shrink films to packaging material in order to thereby form a packaging unit or a bundle. There are several along one transport direction Tunnel zones formed, each of which is assigned its own heating means. The heating means can be controlled between a basic heating load and a maximum heating output.
  • the pamphlet US 6,394,796 B1 discloses an oven for curing paints or coatings.
  • the oven has one or more temperature sensors to measure the temperature of the object to be hardened.
  • US 3678244 A also discloses an apparatus according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • the temperature control to the target temperature of the shrink tunnel is carried out by the additional heating devices of the respective heating zones, which for example have an output of up to 60 kW per heating zone.
  • These additional heating devices can be switched on and off via switching units.
  • the further heating devices are each operated jointly, that is to say also switched on or off jointly.
  • the desired target temperature of the shrink tunnel is reached very quickly after switching on the heating devices, which means that the heating devices that have just been switched on have to be switched off again after a short time in order to reach the target temperature of the shrink tunnel not to be exceeded in an impermissible manner.
  • the further heating devices In comparison to the low output of the heating device providing the basic heating load, the further heating devices have a high output, which means that the further heating devices are switched with a high switching frequency.
  • This high switching frequency is a major disadvantage, especially since it can result in high switching currents (including current peaks due to the switching process) of up to 100 amperes per supply line and the heating devices are exposed to high mechanical stress due to constant heating and cooling. Furthermore, due to the high switching currents in the known shrinking device, network disturbances, in particular voltage fluctuations, often occur in turn cause so-called flicker effects, i.e. fluctuations in brightness in light sources.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method for operating a shrinking device which leads to a lower switching frequency and thus to lower mains voltage fluctuations.
  • a shrinking device is the subject of the independent claim 15.
  • the main advantage of the method according to the invention is that in the first operating mode, in which the system is operated with the basic heating load, the heating output (basic heating output) is not rigidly specified, but rather the number of heating devices active in the first operating mode and thus the amount of heating Basic heating power is determined based on operating parameters, so that a suitable choice of the basic heating power results in a reduced frequency of switching on and off the heating devices and thus reduced mains voltage fluctuations and reduced thermal loads on the heating devices.
  • the number of active heating devices in the first operating mode is dependent on the setpoint temperature in the heating zone.
  • the target temperature within the respective heating zone largely determines the heat requirement and thus the heating output to be provided.
  • Further operating parameters that can influence the number of active heating devices in the first operating mode are, for example, the ambient temperature, the average power requirement of the heating zone or the entire heating devices in a previous period, for example the past n minutes, where n can be a rational number , etc. This means that the basic heating output can be adapted to the current operating situation.
  • the number of active heating devices in the first operating mode is equal to or greater than two. In other words, not just a single heating device is used to generate the basic heating output, but at least two.
  • a basic heating load of more than 15KW is preferably provided by the at least two active heating devices.
  • the number of active heating devices in the second operating mode is one greater than the number of active heating devices in the first operating mode.
  • only one additional heating device is intermittently switched on in order to increase the temperature in the heating zone to the setpoint temperature. This allows the through the switching operations caused changes in performance and thus the voltage fluctuations in the electrical network are significantly reduced.
  • the number of active heating devices in the first operating mode is calculated by a control device, taking into account at least one operating parameter.
  • the basic heating output can be adjusted automatically.
  • the basic heating output is set manually by the operating personnel depending on the operating parameters.
  • the number of heating devices active in the first operating mode is calculated continuously or intermittently during operation of the device based on operating parameters. This means that the basic heating output can be continuously adapted to changes in the operating situation.
  • the number of heating devices active in the first operating mode is determined taking into account the temperature changes in the respective heating zone caused by the activation and / or deactivation of the respective heating devices. For example, the time profile of the temperature change after activating or deactivating a certain heating device can be determined and derived therefrom whether or not this heating device should be activated to provide the basic heating output.
  • the heating devices assigned to the respective heating zone can each have the same heating output or different heating output.
  • that heating device can be activated to provide the basic heating power, which as precisely as possible covers the power requirement that causes reduced switching activities in a certain operating situation (e.g. target temperature, ambient temperature, etc.).
  • the number of heating devices active in the first operating mode is reduced by one if, in the second operating mode, the measured actual temperature in the area of the heating zone exceeds the setpoint temperature by a predetermined temperature difference value for a predetermined period of time. This is an indication that the basic heating output has been selected too high and that this causes a high level of switching activity in the heating devices that are switched on intermittently.
  • the temperature difference value is in the range between 1 ° C and 5 ° C, in particular at 2 ° C, 3 ° C or 4 ° C.
  • the predefined period of time is in the range between 30 seconds and 3 minutes and in particular is 1 minute, 1.5 minutes or 2 minutes or more.
  • the number of heating devices active in the first operating mode is reduced by one if the ratio of the time period in which the device is in the second operating mode to the time period in which the device is in the first operating mode falls below a threshold value.
  • the duration ratio is determined, which indicates how long the heating zone is operated with basic heating power.
  • the basic heating output is reduced if the duration ratio indicates that the heating zone is only operated very briefly with a heating output above the basic heating output.
  • the ratio of the periods of time is determined over a number of switching cycles. In this way, an average value of the time duration ratio can be calculated. A decision on reducing the basic heating output can then be made based on the duration ratio.
  • the heating devices are activated and deactivated by switching means, the switching means preferably also including the monitor electrical load switched by them. This makes it possible, based on the switching means, to control the state of the heating devices, for example to recognize a failure due to the interruption of a heating conductor or a short circuit.
  • the heating devices are activated and deactivated by at least one switching device which is designed to switch the heating devices according to the principle of vibration packet control.
  • the switching device is designed to activate or deactivate the heating devices in zero crossings of the current or voltage profile. This largely avoids current and voltage transients and thus harmonics.
  • the heating zone is heated by activating, in particular by activating all heating devices with a delay.
  • the change in load can be distributed over time and thus the effects on the electrical network can be reduced.
  • the invention also relates to a device for shrinking a flat material onto a group of individual packagings.
  • the device comprises at least one heating zone having a plurality of electrical heating devices and a temperature sensor for determining the actual temperature in the area of the heating zone, a control device being provided which is used to receive information relating to the actual temperature in the area of the heating zone and to initiate a switchover of the Device is designed from a first operating mode to a second operating mode.
  • switching means are provided which interact with the control device in such a way that a change is made to a first operating mode by reducing the number of active heating devices to a predefined number of heating devices when the actual temperature in the area of the heating zone has exceeded a setpoint temperature, with the predefined number of heating devices was determined taking into account at least one operating parameter.
  • the switching means interact with the control device in such a way that from the first operating mode into one The second operating mode is switched over by increasing the number of active heating devices for regulating the actual temperature in the area of the heating zone to the setpoint temperature.
  • the reference numeral 1 shows a device for shrinking a flat material onto a group of individual packages.
  • Such devices 1 are also referred to as shrinking devices.
  • the device 1 comprises a conveyor 5, on which grouped individual packagings, for example bottles, cans or other packaging materials, are fed as packaging material groups wrapped in a flat material to a shrink tunnel 6.
  • the flat material can in particular be a film made of a plastic material, which contracts under the action of heat and thus combines the individual packagings to form a container.
  • the shrink tunnel 6 has a plurality of heating zones I, II, in each of which a plurality of electrical heating devices HR are provided for generating the heat required for shrinking the flat material.
  • the electrical heating devices HR can be any heating devices operated by electrical current, in particular resistance heaters with at least one heating coil.
  • a temperature sensor is provided to control the temperature within the respective heating zone I, II.
  • each heating zone I, II has at least one temperature sensor, by means of which the actual temperature in the area of this heating zone I, II is recorded. Based on the information obtained by this temperature sensor, it is possible to control and / or regulate the actual temperature within the heating zone I, II in such a way that it is regulated in the range of a target temperature ST.
  • This target temperature ST depends in particular on the material enveloping the packaging group, the conveying speed of the conveyor 5 or the dwell time of a packaging group in the respective heating zone I, II, etc.. This can for example be in the range between 150 ° C and 250 ° C, in particular between 170 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • the target temperature ST can be selected to be different for the different heating zones I, II.
  • the device 1 also has a control device 3.
  • the control device 3 is designed in particular to control the temperature within the respective heating zone I, II. This control can take place in particular by switching on or off the heating devices HR of the respective heating zone I, II.
  • the control device 3 is preferably connected to the temperature sensor provided in the heating zone I, II and receives information therefrom regarding the actual temperature within the heating zone I, II.
  • the control device 3 is designed to measure the actual temperature within the heating zone I, II to compare with a setpoint temperature ST and, based on this comparison result, the control of the heating devices HR, ie the intermittent activation and deactivation of the heating devices HR in the respective heating zone I, II to be carried out.
  • the control device 3 described has the function of a regulating device, so that the terms control and regulation in the context of the present application are always to be interpreted taking into account the respective passages of the description.
  • the heating devices HR are activated or deactivated (switched on or switched off) by switching means 4.
  • each heating device HR is assigned an independent switching means 4, so that each heating device HR can be activated or deactivated independently of the other heating devices.
  • the switching means 4 can in particular be formed by a semiconductor contactor.
  • the control of the device 1 is subsequently carried out based on the illustration in FIG Figure 3 explained in more detail.
  • the interior of the shrink tunnel 6 is first heated by the heating devices HR.
  • all heating devices HR are activated, so that heating zones I, II are heated up with maximum heating power.
  • the actual temperature within the respective heating zone I, II is detected by the temperature sensor and the heating zones I, II are operated with maximum heating power until the actual temperature has reached or exceeded the target temperature ST.
  • the number of active, ie switched on, heating devices HR is then reduced so that the respective heating zone I, II is heated with a basic heating load that is generated by a Number of active heating devices HR in the respective heating zone I, II is defined.
  • the number of active heating devices HR per heating zone I, II with the basic heating load is preferably at least two heating devices HR per heating zone I, II.
  • the regulation of the heating power per heating zone I, II and thus also the regulation of the actual temperature within the respective heating zone I, II to the desired target temperature ST is carried out by the control device 3, which sends control signals to the switching means 4 in order to activate or Deactivating the heating devices to achieve HR.
  • the heating devices HR are preferably always operated with a fixed electrical power, the amount of which cannot be changed. The heating devices HR are therefore only switched digitally (on / off).
  • the number of active heating devices HR required for the basic heating load is determined in advance as a function of operating parameters of the device 1.
  • the number of active heating devices HR to achieve the basic heating load can be determined, for example, based on empirical values of the operating personnel and set manually or by means of appropriate inputs on the machine control.
  • the control device 3 or a control computer connected to it can calculate the active heating devices HR required to achieve the basic heating load and for this calculated value to be used to operate the device 1 during the basic heating load.
  • operating parameters such as the target temperature ST, the ambient temperature, information regarding switching operations carried out in the past, etc. can be used for this calculation.
  • the number of active heating devices HR for achieving or continuously providing the basic heating load is preferably selected in such a way that the heating output achieved by these heating devices HR is less than the heating output required to achieve the setpoint temperature ST. This achieves that after the previously described heating process, after reaching or exceeding the target temperature ST by operating the device 1 at the basic heating load by deactivating at least one heating device HR compared to the heating process, the actual temperature in the heating zone I, II drops. In other words, after the heating process of the respective heating zone I, II, this heating zone I, II is initially operated with the basic heating load.
  • the described switchover takes place shortly before the actual temperature reaches the setpoint temperature ST, with the result that the actual temperature is reliably prevented from overshooting the setpoint temperature ST.
  • the number of active heating devices is increased, preferably by a single heating device HR (for the respective heating zone I, II) so that the The heating output now provided in the heating zone I, II is greater than the heat loss, so that the actual temperature in the heating zone I, II rises again.
  • a single heating device HR for the respective heating zone I, II
  • only one heating device HR is switched on and off intermittently so that the variation in the electrical power required for heating is minimized compared to the prior art.
  • the embodiment shown has a heating zone I, II four heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3, HR4, which can be activated independently of one another.
  • the heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3, HR4 bring about a temperature in the heating zone I, II according to the temperature diagram in FIG Fig. 3 .
  • the heating zone would first be heated by activating all four heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3, HR4. After the heating zone has been heated up, the heating device HR4 would be deactivated and the heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3 would remain activated. Since the heating power of the remaining three heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3 is less than that of the If there is any heat loss at the desired setpoint temperature, the actual temperature (after possibly existing reheating effects) would initially drop. If the actual temperature has fallen below a certain lower threshold value, the heating device HR4 would be activated again, which leads to a renewed increase in the actual temperature. The temperature control would then take place by intermittent activation / deactivation of the heating device HR4 with constant operation of the heating devices HR1, HR2, HR3. As a result, the load fluctuations in the electrical power grid and the switching frequency can be reduced considerably.
  • the device 1, preferably the control device 3 of the device 1, is designed to detect the temporal temperature changes caused by activating / deactivating the heating devices HR and, based on this, the number of heating devices HR required to operate the heating zones I, II with the basic heating load in this heating zone I, II to be determined.
  • the gradient of the temperature rise over time to reach the target temperature and / or the gradient of the temperature drop over time can be determined.
  • the number of active heating devices HR used for the basic heating load can be changed over time in order to adapt the basic heating load to current conditions (for example, a changed ambient temperature).
  • the number of active heating devices HR used for the basic heating load can be reduced by one if, when the heating output is increased compared to the basic heating load by switching on a further heating device HR (second operating mode), the measured actual temperature in the area of heating zones I, II exceeds the target temperature ST exceeds a predetermined temperature difference value for a predetermined period of time.
  • the basic heating load can be reduced if an overshoot in terms of temperature or time is reached in the temperature control.
  • the basic heating load can be reduced if the temperature difference value is in the range between 1 ° C and 5 ° C, in particular 2 ° C, 3 ° C or 4 ° C and / or the specified period of time is in the range between 30 seconds and 3 minutes, in particular 1 minute, 1.5 minutes or 2 minutes or more.
  • the ratio of a first time period during which a heating zone is operated above the basic heating load to a second time period during which the heating zone is operated below the basic heating load can be used to change the number of heating devices HR active during the basic heating load.
  • a ratio of the first time period to the second time period can be determined by the control device 3 or a control computer connected to it and compared with a threshold value. In the event that the calculated value falls below the threshold value, the number of heating devices HR active during the basic heating load can be reduced, in particular by a single heating device HR.
  • the duration ratio can be averaged over a period of several switching cycles and this averaged value can be used to decide the change in the heating devices HR active during the basic heating load.
  • the switching means 4 can also be designed to monitor or monitor the respective heating devices HR connected to them.
  • the switching means 4 can be designed to monitor the electrical load or the electrical power consumption of the heating device HR connected to them. Because of this monitoring or monitoring capability, it can be recognized, for example, when the heating device HR provides no or only a low heating output, which leads to insufficient shrinkage output in the area of the shrink tunnel 6.
  • a monitoring or monitoring output of the switching means 4 can be coupled to the control device 3 and emit an error signal if no or only a low heating output of the heating device HR is detected.
  • the switching means 4 can be designed to permanently disconnect the heating device HR from the power supply system, for example in the event of an electrical short circuit.
  • the switching means 4 can be designed to control the heating device HR in accordance with the vibration packet control. As in Figure 4 shown, in contrast to the phase control, the heating device HR switched only in the zero crossings of the temporal current or voltage profile. In this way, current and voltage transients and thus harmonics can be largely avoided.
  • the switching means 4 can in particular be formed by a semiconductor contactor, for example a 2/3 phase semiconductor contactor (RGC2 / RGC3) from the manufacturer Carlo Gavazzi.
  • the semiconductor contactor has, for example, overvoltage protection, load monitoring means, an alarm output and, if necessary, further auxiliary contacts.
  • Fig. 5 shows the time profile of the electrical power consumption of a device 1 for heating the shrink tunnel 6 by means of the heating devices HR.
  • the jagged curve K1 which fluctuates strongly over time, shows the electrical power consumption of a device according to the prior art described above, in which the basic heating load is selected to be very low and all other heating devices are always switched on and off simultaneously to control the actual temperature.
  • the underlying curve K2 shows a significantly lower frequency of fluctuations over time, with the performance remaining longer at a certain performance level.
  • the amplitude of the change in power is significantly lower.
  • power fluctuations in the electrical power network but also the mechanical load on the heating devices due to frequent switching on and off, can be significantly reduced. It can also be seen that this can reduce the average electrical power consumed by the device 1, so that the energy efficiency of the device 1 is also increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP18717574.0A 2017-04-11 2018-04-10 Verfahren zur regelung der heizleistung von schrumpfvorrichtungen und entsprechende vorrichtung Active EP3609792B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18717574T PL3609792T3 (pl) 2017-04-11 2018-04-10 Sposób regulacji mocy grzewczej urządzeń obkurczających i odpowiednie urządzenie

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017107766.9A DE102017107766A1 (de) 2017-04-11 2017-04-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bilden von Gebinden
PCT/EP2018/059096 WO2018189141A1 (de) 2017-04-11 2018-04-10 Verfahren zur regelung der heizleistung von schrumpfvorrichtungen und entsprechende vorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3609792A1 EP3609792A1 (de) 2020-02-19
EP3609792B1 true EP3609792B1 (de) 2021-09-15

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EP (1) EP3609792B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102017107766A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3609792T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2018189141A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018132737A1 (de) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-18 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Schrumpftunnel zum Aufschrumpfen thermoplastischen Verpackungsmaterials auf Artikel
CN115291649B (zh) * 2022-08-09 2024-07-05 西门子（中国）有限公司 烘箱的温度控制方法、膜包机的温度控制方法、烘箱和膜包机

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3678244A (en) * 1971-06-18 1972-07-18 Paul W Worline Film shrinking tunnel utilizing hot air and water as heat transfer medium
DE2610385A1 (de) * 1976-03-12 1977-09-15 Riedhammer Ludwig Fa Platten-durchschubofen zum sintern von ferriten
GB2246110B (en) * 1990-12-07 1995-02-15 Balair Systems Ltd Method and apparatus for the packaging of products
US6394796B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2002-05-28 Alan D. Smith Curing oven combining methods of heating
DE102010020957A1 (de) * 2010-05-19 2011-11-24 Khs Gmbh Schrumpftunnel zum Aufbringen von Schrumpffolien, Verfahren zum Betrieb oder Steuern eines Schrumpftunnels sowie Produktionsanlage mit einem Schrumpftunnel
US10107438B2 (en) * 2011-11-10 2018-10-23 Shawcor Ltd. Apparatus containing multiple sequentially used infrared heating zones for tubular articles
DE102013215415A1 (de) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schrumpfen von Materialien auf Artikel und/oder auf eine Zusammenstellung von Artikeln

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DE102017107766A1 (de) 2018-10-11
PL3609792T3 (pl) 2022-02-07
EP3609792A1 (de) 2020-02-19
WO2018189141A1 (de) 2018-10-18

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