EP3606735A1 - Method for producing composite material parts from needled preforms - Google Patents
Method for producing composite material parts from needled preformsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3606735A1 EP3606735A1 EP18721432.5A EP18721432A EP3606735A1 EP 3606735 A1 EP3606735 A1 EP 3606735A1 EP 18721432 A EP18721432 A EP 18721432A EP 3606735 A1 EP3606735 A1 EP 3606735A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- preform
- polymer
- filaments
- needling
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of producing parts made of composite material.
- Methods for producing composite material parts comprising continuous fibers and a polymer matrix, said method comprising a step of producing a preform formed from unidirectional continuous fibers and a polymer intended to form the matrix, and a heat treatment step of the preform to form the composite material part.
- the preform can be made by automatic draping unidirectional continuous fibers provided with said polymer, the resulting preforms comprising several superimposed folds of unidirectional continuous fibers.
- the fibers may for example be applied to the contact, by means of a roller, by a method of placing fibers, each fold being formed by draping on a mold of one or more contiguous bands, each formed of one or more fibers flat, ribbon type, such as carbon fibers consisting of a multitude of carbon threads or filaments.
- draping the polymer is heated to soften or melt, and thus ensure the binding of the folds.
- the polymer is present in sufficient quantity to form the matrix during the heat treatment, the preform comprising at least 30% by weight of polymer.
- the heat treatment consists of a baking or curing operation of the polymer.
- the heat treatment consists of a consolidation operation of the polymer.
- the preforms can be draped substantially flat, or in an intermediate form allowing high rates, the preforms then being thermoformed to the desired final shape.
- thermoforming operation requires a substantial heating of the preform in order to soften or melt the entire polymer, this temperature rise operation considerably reducing the forming cycle time.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing composite material parts to overcome at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the subject of the present invention is a process for producing parts made of composite material comprising continuous fibers and a matrix formed of at least one first polymer, said process comprising a step of producing a preform formed from continuous fibers, preferably unidirectional, and the first polymer, and a heat treatment step of the preform to form the composite material part, characterized in that it further comprises, prior to the heat treatment step, a step of applying non-woven filaments to at least a first major face of the preform, and a needling step of said filaments by means of a needling device comprising a plurality of needles, each provided with at least one notch, so that filaments are driven by the needles and arranged in one direction substantially perpendicular to the continuous fibers of the preform.
- the needles are driven in a movement back and forth by a drive system of the needling device, to pass through the preform, preferably from one side to the other.
- a drive system of the needling device to pass through the preform, preferably from one side to the other.
- these filaments are positioned in the notches of the needles and are driven by the needles through the preform.
- These needled filaments positioned in the Z direction, in the thickness of the preform stabilize the preform and make it possible to increase the cohesion of the preform for the subsequent preform processing step (s), in particular to avoid delamination or unwanted displacement of continuous fibers of the preform during transfer of the preform for the heat treatment step or a possible forming step.
- the latter make it possible to obtain a composite material part reinforced in the Z direction, in the thickness of the part.
- the notches in the needles are filled by the filaments so that the unidirectional fibers are not or little entrained or damaged by the needles.
- the needles are arranged so that their notches can not carry the continuous fibers of the preform, the notches being preferably arranged at 90 ° of the main orientation of the fibers.
- the continuous fibers are preferably unidirectional fibers, for example carbon fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers, and / or natural fibers, such as, for example, flax fibers.
- the first polymer is a thermoplastic and / or thermosetting polymer.
- the heat treatment step is carried out at a temperature ensuring the firing of the first polymer, in the case of a thermosetting polymer, or the consolidation of the first polymer, in the case of a thermoplastic polymer.
- the composite material part according to the invention preferably comprises at least 30% by weight of polymer and / or preferably at least 35% by volume of polymer.
- the composite material part according to the invention comprises at least 40% by volume of unidirectional continuous fibers, preferably at least 50% by volume, better still at least 55% by volume of unidirectional continuous fibers.
- the method according to the invention may advantageously be used for the production of composite material parts, particularly in the field of automotive or aerospace.
- the nonwoven filaments applied during the application step are formed from at least one second polymer.
- This second polymer is preferably a thermoplastic polymer.
- the heat treatment step is performed at a temperature below the melting temperature of the second polymer, the filaments conferring a Z reinforcement of the final piece.
- this is carried out at a temperature below the melting temperature, and preferably above the glass transition temperature of said second polymer, so that the filaments ensure good fiber retention. of the preform during the forming step, in particular its mechanical resistance to delamination.
- the filaments applied on the preform are mineral fibers, in particular ceramic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, or metal fibers, the filaments making it possible to reinforce the preform as well as the final piece in the thickness.
- the needling density is defined in particular according to the desired permeability and stabilization, and the type of needle used. According to one embodiment, the needling density during the needling step is between 10 and 350 strokes / cm 2 . In the case of a needling device equipped with forked needles, the needling density is preferably 150 to 350 strokes / cm 2 , more preferably 200 to 300 strokes / cm 2 . In the case of a needling device provided with barbed needles, each comprising a plurality of notches, the density needling is preferably 10 to 100 strokes / cm 2 , more preferably 40 to 60 strokes / cm 2 .
- the working part of the needles preferably has a diameter of between 0.30 and 0.60 mm, preferably between 0.40 and 0.50 mm (gauges 38 to 42).
- the width and / or depth of the notches are between 0.03 and 0.1 mm, preferably between 0.04 and 0.06 mm.
- the length of the filaments is defined according to the thickness of the preform, preferably so that the needled filaments pass through the preform. Furthermore, the needled filaments should preferably be long enough to remain entangled on the first face of the preform, and thus ensure better stability of the preform.
- the filaments applied on the preform have a length of between 10 and 100 mm, preferably between 40 and 60 mm, and a diameter of between 5 and 50 ⁇ , preferably 10 to 35 ⁇ .
- the needling is carried out so that filaments transferred by the needles protrude from the second main face of the preform which is opposite to the first main face on which the filaments have been applied, over a length between 1 and 10 mm, preferably 2 to 6 mm, some of these filaments being able to form loops protruding from the second face of the preform.
- the method according to the invention comprises a step of applying nonwoven filaments to the second main face of the dry preform, and a step of needling said filaments present on said second main face.
- the needling of the filaments present on said second main face and the needling of the filaments present on said first main face are made simultaneously.
- the needling is performed by means of forked needles, preferably with a needle penetration depth of between 1 and 10 mm, preferably between 2 and 6 mm.
- the use of forked needles makes it possible to obtain an effective needling of the filaments, without deterioration of the fibers of the preform.
- said filament application step comprises the application of a nonwoven web or felt formed of said filaments.
- the felts used may be isotropic, with randomly oriented filaments, or oriented felts with filaments having a preferred orientation.
- the needles, and more particularly their notches are arranged according to the orientation of the filaments so as to optimize the rate of setting of filaments by the needles.
- the oriented felt is advantageously applied to the preform so that the filaments form a non-zero angle with the continuous fibers of the main orientation of the preform, for example an angle of 90 °.
- the felt has a basis weight of 5 to 100 g / m 2 , and / or the preform provided with filaments comprises from 1 to 10% by weight of filaments, preferably from 2 to 5% by weight of filaments.
- the non-transferred filaments present on the first main face may be removed by peeling the felt or not.
- the remainder of felt is held on the preform for the heat treatment operation and possibly the preliminary forming operation, the felts may increase the impact strength of the preform and / or improve the surface appearance of the preform.
- the first polymer is in the form of powder and / or one or more webs and / or yarns, said yarns and said continuous fibers are preferably comêlés and form comêlés.
- the preforms are obtained from prepreg fibers of the first polymer. With respect to the use of pre-impregnated fibers of the first polymer, the use of a first polymer in powder form, and / or fog (s) and / or son makes it possible to facilitate the subsequent needling operation.
- the method comprises making a nonwoven preform.
- the method comprises the production of an initial preform, comprising several superimposed folds, said folds being formed from preferably unidirectional continuous fibers and the first polymer.
- the preform is obtained by a fiber placement method, known per se.
- the production of the preform comprises the production of superimposed folds, by application to contact, by means of an application roll, of preferably unidirectional continuous fibers and of the first polymer on a draping tool, each fold being performed by applying one or more strips in an orientation on the draping tool or on strips of the previous fold, each band being formed of one or more fibers.
- the first polymer is in the form of powder, and / or one or more webs, and / or yarns, preferably the powder and / or the web (s) are pre-applied on the fibers before draping, and / or the fibers form with the polymer son comêlés.
- the first polymer is partially heated in order to render a part of the first adhesive polymer and to ensure cohesion of the preform, sufficient for its subsequent treatment.
- the draped fibers are provided with a third polymer, forming with the first polymer the matrix or constituting a binder, the draping being carried out by applying heating to heat the third polymer to make it sticky, the first polymer remaining little or not sticky.
- This third polymer ensures the binding of the folds during draping.
- the matrix is formed of a majority of first polymer, the third polymer forming for example up to 20% by weight of the matrix.
- the third polymer may be in the form of powder, haze (s) and / or yarns, and be present with the first polymer on the fibers before they are draped.
- the preforms are obtained by applying fibers provided with the first polymer and the binder and / or by applying fibers provided solely with the first polymer, and applying a binder, for example by spraying a liquid binder and / or projection of a binder in the form of powder, on the application surface and / or on the previously draped fibers.
- the preform comprises less than 10% by weight of binder, preferably less than 5% by weight of binder.
- the placement of fibers is advantageously automated by means of a fiber placement head, known per se, comprising a compacting roller intended to come into contact against the tooling for applying a strip formed of one or more continuous flat fibers, and a guide system for guiding the at least one fiber on said roller, by relative movement of the applicator head relative to the drape surface along different paths.
- the preform comprises for example from 2 to 100 superposed folds.
- the said unidirectional continuous fibers are preferably in the form of flat unidirectional continuous fibers, conventionally called wicks, comprising a multitude of filaments.
- the fibers for example, have widths of one-eighth, one-quarter or one-half inch (1/8 ", 1/4" or 1/2 "). also fibers of greater width, greater than 1/2 inch, conventionally called band in placement technology.
- the fibers may be fixed to the mold, for example mechanically or by gluing, only at the beginning and at the end of the trajectory, the roll preferably being in contact at the beginning and at the end of the trajectory, and possibly at a distance from the surface. on the rest of the trajectory.
- the second polymer and the third polymer when present, may be different or identical or of the same family.
- the second polymer forming the binder and / or the second polymer forming the filaments is a thermoplastic polymer, preferably chosen from the group consisting of polyamides, especially aromatic polyamides (aramides), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfones, polyetheretherketones, phenylene polysulfides, polyurethanes, epoxides, polyolefins, polylactic acid, polyacrylics, and mixtures thereof.
- polyamides especially aromatic polyamides (aramides)
- polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfones, polyetheretherketones, phenylene polysulfides, polyurethanes, epoxides, polyolefins, polylactic acid, polyacrylics, and mixtures thereof.
- thermosetting polymer the third thermosetting polymer and / or the second thermosetting polymer are for example selected from the group consisting of epoxides, polyesters, vinyl esters, phenolics, polyimides, bismaleimides, and mixtures thereof.
- the first polymer is different from the second and third polymers.
- the first polymer is a thermoplastic polymer, preferably chosen from the group consisting of polyamides, especially aromatic polyamides (aramides), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfones, polyetheretherketones, phenylene polysulfides, polyurethanes, epoxides, polyolefins, polylactic acid, polyacrylics, and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic polyamides aromatic polyamides
- polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethersulfones, polyetheretherketones, phenylene polysulfides, polyurethanes, epoxides, polyolefins, polylactic acid, polyacrylics, and mixtures thereof.
- a first thermosetting polymer it is for example selected from the group consisting of epoxides, polyesters, vinyl esters, phenolics, polyimides, bismaleimides, and mixtures thereof.
- the method comprises a step of thermoforming the reinforced preform obtained after the needling step, for example between the male forming tool and the female forming tool of a press, to obtain a three-dimensional preform, the heat treatment step for baking or consolidating the first polymer, and the possible third polymer that can be performed, directly after the forming operation, by maintaining the preform between the maize tool and the female tool, in particular in the case of a first thermoplastic polymer.
- the forming is performed by means of a vacuum cover, after positioning the preform on a forming tool.
- thermoforming is performed at a thermoforming temperature lower than the melting temperature of the second polymer, and preferably greater than the glass transition temperature of the second polymer, the three-dimensional preform obtained after the thermoforming being subjected to the impregnation step.
- the deformation of the preform during forming is done fiber by fiber.
- the needling operation of the preform according to the invention prior to the forming operation makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous deformation of the preform, due to the sliding of the needled filaments.
- the filaments of the felt present on each main face of the preform allow the preform to slide in the press without adhesion.
- Exterior filaments stabilize surfaces external of the preform by limiting or eliminating local deformations of the preform and thus ensure a homogeneous deformation of the fibers of the preform.
- the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to promote the sliding mechanisms between the forming tools and the preform, and thus to limit, or even eliminate, the fiber defects of the outer plies of the preforms resulting from the friction between the preform and the tooling of the preforms. forming in previous forming processes.
- the forming is preferably carried out at a forming temperature lower than the melting temperature of the third polymer, and preferably greater than the glass transition temperature of said third polymer, the forming temperature being preferably lower than at the glass transition temperature of the first polymer.
- the forming is carried out hot, the initial preform being heated to a forming temperature before and / or during forming to increase the formability of the preform.
- the initial preform can be preheated before forming, by passing through an oven or tunnel and / or the preform can be heated during forming, for example by heating the male forming tool and / or the female forming tool.
- the preform is only preheated by passage in oven or tunnel, the tools of the press not being heated, thus simplifying the press tools.
- the forming is preferably carried out at a forming temperature lower than the melting temperature of the first polymer, and preferably greater than the glass transition temperature of said first polymer.
- the initial preform can be two-dimensional, obtained by draping on the flat surface of a tool, or three-dimensional, the forming can then be performed to obtain three-dimensional pieces of complex shape that can not be obtained by draping, including fiber placement.
- Another subject of the invention is a needle-punched reinforced preform obtained at the end of the needling step of the method described above, as well as a piece of composite material as obtained according to the method described above.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an example of a three-dimensional piece of composite material made according to the method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view illustrating the draping operation of the initial preform
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view illustrating the needling operation of a non-woven fiber felt applied to the preform
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a beard needle that can be used in the needling device, and FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4;
- Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 5 illustrating a forked needle for use in the needling device
- FIG. 7 is a schematic partial sectional view of the preform after needling
- FIG. 8 and 9 are sectional views of the press illustrating the forming operation of the preform obtained after needling
- FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of a draping and needling system according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of a draping and needling system according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 12;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic side view of a draping and needling system according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 and 15 are respectively a top view and a side view of a needling device according to an alternative embodiment.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a piece of three-dimensional composite material 1 that can be produced according to a method of the invention, comprising the draping of continuous fibers to form a flat preform, the application of a non-woven fiber felt to the preform and the needling of said felt, forming of the preform and treatment thermal of the preform.
- the piece here has the shape of a spherical cap 11 with an annular rim 12.
- continuous unidirectional fiber plies are draped flat on a lay-up tool 2 in different orientations, to form a two-dimensional initial plate or preform 101 presenting two opposite main faces. 111, 112.
- the draping is carried out by means of a draping device 3 comprising a fiber placement head 30, known per se, allowing automatic draping in contact with strips formed of one or more fibers.
- the fibers F enter the head 3 in the form of two plies of fibers, and the head comprises a guide system 31 for guiding the fibers to the compaction roller 32 in the form of a fiber web in which the fibers are arranged side by side, for example substantially edge to edge.
- the head comprises, on either side of the guiding system, cutting means 33 for individually cutting each fiber passing through the guiding system, locking means 34 for blocking each fiber that has just been cut, and means rerouting 35 to individually drive each fiber, so that at any time stop and resume the application of a fiber, and choose the width of the band.
- the draping of a strip is achieved by relative movement of the head relative to the substantially planar draping surface of the draping tool.
- the head comprises for example a support structure (not shown) on which is mounted the guide system and by which the head can be assembled to a displacement system, able to move the head in at least two directions perpendicular to each other. 'other.
- the head is for example designed to receive eight fibers, and allow the application of strips of 1 to 8 fibers 6.35 mm (1/4 inch) wide.
- the head is used for producing a preform from fibers provided with a first polymer for forming the polymer matrix of the part.
- the head 3 is preferably equipped with a heating system (not shown), for example of the IR or laser lamp type, in order to heat the first polymer during application of the fibers, and thus to allow at least one fiber adhesion. different folds.
- the heating system the fibers are heated prior to their application on the application surface, as well as the application surface or the fibers previously deposited, upstream of the roll relative to the direction of advance of the head.
- the fibers are, for example, flat continuous carbon fibers, of the wick type, comprising a multitude of carbon threads or filaments, with a first thermoplastic polymer present in an amount of the order of 40% by weight.
- the first polymer is, for example, a thermoplastic polymer in powder form, only part of the powder being melted during the application of the fibers to ensure partial welding of the plies.
- a nonwoven filament or fiber felt 40 is applied to a first main face 111 of the preform, and the preform thus provided with the felt is subjected to a needling operation, as schematically illustrated. in FIG. 3, by passing through a needling or needling device.
- the felt comprises, for example, non-woven filaments formed of a second thermoplastic polymer.
- the needling machine known per se for consolidating webs of fibers, comprises a plurality of needles 51 mounted on a support 52 or needle board, able to be driven, by appropriate means 53, by means of a moving movement. and back in a direction parallel to the needles.
- the needling machine comprises a perforated support table 54 arranged facing the needles and intended to support the preform, and a stripper or stripper 55 placed between the support table and the needles, provided with through holes for the passage of the needles.
- the support table also includes a set of holes to allow the passage of the needles after they have passed through the preform.
- the needling machine is, for example, equipped with so-called barbed needles 51, as illustrated in FIGS.
- the needling machine is equipped with so-called forked needles, such as illustrated in Figure 6, comprising one or more notches 151b at the end of its working portion 151a.
- the preform is driven positively in the direction of the arrow referenced Fl, and the needles are driven back and forth.
- fibers of the felt are positioned in the notches 51b of the needles and are driven through the entire thickness of the preform, the filaments emerging on the second main face 112, as schematically illustrated.
- the needling density is defined according to the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the needles, the number of needles, and the speed of advance of the preform in the needling machine.
- the remainder of the felt formed by the filaments on the first side that have not been needled may be held on the preform or removed.
- the needling density and the penetration depth of the needles which is equal to the distance between the end of the needle and the second main face of the preform, are defined so that the preform presents a quantity of filaments, preferably similar, on each of its faces, these filaments on the surface increasing the permeability of the preform, and also facilitate the forming operation.
- the filaments are not applied in the form of a felt, but projected in a random manner on the first face of the preform.
- the preform provided with needled filaments is then transferred to a press for the forming operation, also called a stamping operation.
- the press 6 comprises a female forming tool 61 or die, having a recess whose shape corresponds to that of the spherical cap 12 of the preform to be produced, and a male forming tool 62, or punch, comprising a boss of complementary shape.
- the forming is performed by relative approximation of the male forming tool and the female forming tool, an open position of the press illustrated in Figure 4 to a closed position of the press illustrated in Figure 5.
- the forming is carried out hot, the preform being at a forming temperature between the glass transition temperature and the melting temperature of the first polymer, and between the glass transition temperature and the melting temperature of the second polymer forming the filaments of the first polymer. felt.
- This forming temperature of the preform is obtained by preheating the preform before positioning in the press and / or by heating the two tools 61, 62. This preheating is for example performed by passing the initial preform between the upper and lower infrared lamp ramps of an oven or preheating tunnel.
- the preform is kept under tension by a tensioning system, for example of the blank type, as shown schematically under the reference 63.
- the preform is then subjected to a heat treatment operation, in order to melt the entire first polymer and form the part.
- the tools 61, 62 are then spaced from each other in the open position to be able to demold the press part, the composite part 1 may be subjected to a possible clipping operation.
- the fibers provided with the first polymer are further provided with a binder conventionally called "binder", to impart stickiness to the fibers during draping and to ensure the cohesion of the preform.
- the binder consisting of a third polymer, can be applied to the fibers provided with the first polymer before draping, for example in the form of haze and / or powder, pre-binder-loaded fiber reels then being loaded into the fiber placement machine.
- the binder may be applied in line, during the draping of the fibers, for example directly on the fibers to be draped, for example in the form of filaments, as described in the French patent application No.
- the third thermoplastic polymer has a melting point lower than the melting point of the first polymer. During draping, heating is performed to heat at least part of the third polymer and ensure the cohesion of the preform. During the subsequent forming, the preform is brought to a forming temperature between the glass transition temperature and the melting temperature of the third polymer.
- Example 1 - Drapage Drape a preform by placing carbon fibers provided with a first polymer, formed of a polypropylene, in the form of son, having a melting point of the order of 160 ° C, and a temperature of glass transition of about 10 ° C, the preform being made by draping eight plies of fibers in different orientations, according to the following stack: +45 o / -45 0 90 ° / 90 0 o / -45 + 45 °, the polypropylene being brought to the surface at a temperature of 120 ° C.
- Forming forming at a forming temperature of 120 ° C.
- Example 2 The draping, forming and heat treatment steps are identical to those of Example 1.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a draping and needling system 108 according to the invention in which the transfer of the preform from the lay-up device 3 to the needling machine 5, as well as the advance of the preform during needle punching, are carried out by means of of a support film 80.
- a support film is unwound from an upstream roller 81 passes on the lay-up plate 2, between the support table and the stripper of the needling machine, then on a cutting plate 83, and is re-wound on a downstream roll 82.
- the preform is first draped over the support film and then transferred to the needling by winding the film on the downstream roll. During this transfer, the felt 4 is unwound automatically from a spool 40 to be applied to the upper face of the preform.
- the reinforced preform is then fed to the cutting plate 83, for cutting, for example by an ultrasound cutting system 84, the film around the preform.
- the support film may then be removed from the preform or held thereon for the subsequent heat treatment phase, with a possible intermediate forming step.
- the draping preferably takes place with the support film in the stationary state.
- the cutting of the film of a preform can for example be performed simultaneously with the draping of a new preform.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate an alternative embodiment of a draping and needling system 208, in which the preform is draped on the upper run of a first belt conveyor 280, transferred to a second belt conveyor 284 for the application of the felt, then transferred to the support table of the needling machine 205 which is here formed by the upper strand of a third belt conveyor 250, which ensures the advance of the preform during needling.
- the first conveyor 280 comprises an endless belt 281 mounted between an upstream roll and a downstream roll, at least one of which is motorized.
- the upper strand 28a of the strip rests on the draping plate 2 and the preform is draped over said upper strand, preferably when the strand is stopped.
- the conveyor is activated to transfer the preform to the upper strand 285a of the web 285 of the second conveyor 284, the web being mounted between an upstream roll and a downstream roll.
- the non-woven filament felt is applied to the upper face of the preform, as the preform advances over the second conveyor, and the preform provided with the felt is transferred to the upper end of the third conveyor for the first time. needling operation.
- the strip 251 of this third conveyor is also mounted between an upstream roll 252 and a downstream roll 253.
- the third conveyor is a brush conveyor, in which the band has a plurality of bristles on which the preform rests, and in which the needles penetrate during needle punching, over a depth of penetration, defined for example between 2 and 10 mm.
- FIG. 13 illustrates another system 308 according to the invention in which the preform is draped over the nonwoven filament felt, said felt being used for transferring the preform of the lay-up device 3 to the needling machine 5, as well as for the advance of the preform during needling.
- the felt unwound from a spool 40 passes on the draping plate 2, between the support table and the stripper of the needling machine, then on a cutting plate 83, and is re-wound on a downstream roll 382.
- the needling machine is in an inverted position, so that the needle board is disposed on the side of the preform provided with the felt.
- the felt is advantageously oriented felt, said felt being arranged so that the main orientation filaments are arranged in the direction of advance of the felt so that said felt has a good mechanical strength ensuring the support and transfer of the preform one post to another.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the preform provided with the felt is mounted on a frame 305 by means of grippers, the needling operation being carried out by displacement in translation of the frame relative to a needling machine 5 by means of appropriate means.
- the preform is for example maintained between an upstream clamp 351 and a downstream clamp 352, and is positioned between the stripper and the support table of the needling machine.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1770331A FR3064523B1 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2017-04-03 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE MATERIAL PARTS FROM NEEDLED PREFORMS |
PCT/FR2018/000086 WO2018185383A1 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2018-03-30 | Method for producing composite material parts from needled preforms |
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EP3606735A1 true EP3606735A1 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
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EP18721432.5A Withdrawn EP3606735A1 (en) | 2017-04-03 | 2018-03-30 | Method for producing composite material parts from needled preforms |
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FR (1) | FR3064523B1 (en) |
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FR3056438B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2019-11-01 | Coriolis Group | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE MATERIAL PARTS BY IMPREGNATING A PARTICULAR PREFORM |
FR3101276B1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2022-12-30 | Coriolis Group | METHOD FOR MAKING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART OF THE SANDWICH TYPE BY NEEDLING |
CN114274556B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-11-28 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Special-shaped revolving body composite material heat insulation layer pointing device and method |
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US5515585A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-05-14 | The Bf Goodrich Company | Process for forming needled fibrous structures using determined transport depth |
AU2001287158A1 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-11-26 | Ihc Rehabilitation Products | Composite structures and method for their manufacture |
FR2962452B1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-09-28 | Holding Depestele Soc | FLEXIBLE PREFORM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PIECE BASED ON NATURAL FIBERS |
FR3023210B1 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2017-02-24 | Safran | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL PART COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE PORTION FORMING AN EFFORT INTRODUCTION OR LOCAL OUTPUT PORTION |
FR3041299B1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-12-01 | Faurecia Automotive Ind | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PIECE OF INTERIOR EQUIPMENT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
-
2017
- 2017-04-03 FR FR1770331A patent/FR3064523B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-03-30 EP EP18721432.5A patent/EP3606735A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-03-30 WO PCT/FR2018/000086 patent/WO2018185383A1/en unknown
Also Published As
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WO2018185383A1 (en) | 2018-10-11 |
FR3064523B1 (en) | 2020-07-17 |
FR3064523A1 (en) | 2018-10-05 |
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