EP3605574B1 - Separating device with optimised installation area - Google Patents

Separating device with optimised installation area Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3605574B1
EP3605574B1 EP19188998.9A EP19188998A EP3605574B1 EP 3605574 B1 EP3605574 B1 EP 3605574B1 EP 19188998 A EP19188998 A EP 19188998A EP 3605574 B1 EP3605574 B1 EP 3605574B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric component
indicating means
mechanically displaceable
electrical component
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP19188998.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3605574A1 (en
Inventor
Steffen PFÖRTNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
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Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Phoenix Contact GmbH and Co KG
Priority to SI201930017T priority Critical patent/SI3605574T1/en
Publication of EP3605574A1 publication Critical patent/EP3605574A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/18—Distinguishing marks on switches, e.g. for indicating switch location in the dark; Adaptation of switches to receive distinguishing marks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H01H2037/762—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts
    • H01H2037/763—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit using a spring for opening the circuit when the fusible element melts the spring being a blade spring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a space-optimized separating device.
  • This operation outside the nominal operating range can lead to an increased power conversion in the electrical component, which in turn leads to heating of the electrical component.
  • values can be achieved that are outside the respective specification and can lead to self-damage to the electrical component as well as to neighboring systems.
  • the heat generated in the vicinity of the electrical component can cause damage to components or a shift in characteristic curves, destruction of components or even fire or explosion.
  • the electrical component itself can also be brought into a self-destructive mode as a result of the heating, which can lead to the destruction of the electrical component with a possible further impairment of neighboring systems as explained above.
  • a reduced component insulation strength e.g. in the event of damage to an arrester, this leads to increased power consumption on the damaged electrical component, which in turn leads to inadmissible heating of the electrical component.
  • the inadmissible heating of the electrical component is not prevented, it can lead to damage to surrounding materials, the formation of smoke gases or a fire hazard.
  • overvoltage protection devices it is customary to equip the overvoltage protection components used, in particular varistors, with thermally activated disconnection devices.
  • thermal disconnection devices for damaged overvoltage protection components are described.
  • the solutions described in the scriptures all work on the same basic principle.
  • the component to be monitored is connected in a thermosensitive manner via a contact element.
  • the thermosensitive connection is generally made via a soldered connection.
  • the contact element is mounted preloaded or a force of a second preloaded element, for example a spring, acts on the contact element. If the spring force exceeds the holding force of the thermosensitive contact point, e.g. the soldering point, the contact opens and the monitored component is switched off.
  • Thermal fuses are used in a similar manner in other areas. From the DE 10 2008 057 166 A1 an electrical circuit with temperature protection is known in which a surface-mounted component is displaced by a spring element. From the DE 10 2005 040 308 A1 a thermal fuse is known in which a contact bridge can be moved. From the DE 10 2009 036 578 B3 a thermal fuse is known in which contact bridges are also moved.
  • Figures with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% up to +/- 10%.
  • references to standards or specifications or norms are to be understood as referring to standards or specifications or norms that apply at the time of application and / or - if a priority is claimed - at the time of priority application. However, this is not to be understood as a general exclusion of applicability to the following or replacement standards or specifications or norms.
  • adjacent explicitly includes an immediate neighborhood relationship without, however, being restricted to this.
  • FIG. 1-4 is a first embodiment and in Figures 5-8 a second embodiment of a space-optimized separation device 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the electrical component B can in particular have an overvoltage protection element.
  • the carrier P can e.g. be a board or have a board material. As a rule, the carrier will be essentially rigid.
  • the purpose of the space-optimized separation device 1 according to the invention is to separate the electrical component B in the event of impermissible heating.
  • the carrier P has at least two guide grooves N1, N2. These guide grooves N1, N2 can e.g. be introduced into the carrier P by means of punching, laser processing, milling, etc.
  • the electrical component B is fastened to the carrier P with a thermally softenable fixation.
  • the thermally softenable fixation can have a solder and / or an adhesive. If the thermally softenable fixation has a solder, the electrical component B can have connections for surface mounting for conductor tracks of the carrier P, for example.
  • the softening point can be influenced by the choice of materials.
  • the electrical component B and with it also the solder can heat up to temperatures above the softening point of the solder but below the softening point of the Glue. In this case, the solder continues to establish the electrical connection, as it remains on the contact due to the surface forces.
  • an energy store D is arranged relative to the electrical component B, which - when the thermally softenable fixation softens - displaces the electrical component B essentially parallel to the carrier P and thereby separates the electrical component B.
  • the energy store D can e.g. a spring (as shown) or a spring clip, a compressed elastomer, etc.
  • the energy store D exerts a continuous force after assembly, which leads to a movement in the event that the fixation softens.
  • displacement by pressure is shown in the figures, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • a pull is exerted, in which case constructive measures for direct / indirect attachment to the electrical component B or the mechanically displaceable display means S should be taken.
  • All embodiments of a space-optimized disconnecting device 1 according to the invention also have in common that they have a mechanically displaceable display means S, the mechanically displaceable display means S indicating that the electrical component B to be monitored has been disconnected, the mechanically displaceable display means S together with the disconnecting electrical component is moved.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S enclose the electrical component B laterally, ie in a plane parallel to the carrier P, or else, as in FIG Figures 7 and 8 shown, partially border. Ie while in Figures 1 and 2 the energy storage device D is moved indirectly via the mechanically displaceable display means S can be moved in Figures 7 and 8 the energy store D via the electrical component B the mechanically displaceable display means S. Without restricting the generality, it can of course also be provided that the mechanically displaceable display means S covers the electrical component like a hood.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S can have further properties, such as, for example, extinguishing properties, for example in that it has hard-gasing material. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the design of the mechanical display means S in the triggered state narrows and / or extends a possible arc path. In addition, it can be provided that the mechanical display means S also functions as a heat sink for the electrical component B.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S is held and guided in the at least two guide grooves N1, N2.
  • the arrangement of the first embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the holder is achieved in that in the embodiment of FIG Figure 4 an inward wrapping is indicated, while in Figure 6 an outwardly directed encirclement is indicated. It should be noted that a rectified encompassing is also possible.
  • Such encompassions can be provided as molded parts, which are guided through the guide grooves N1, N2 in a resilient manner and / or press during the assembly of the mechanically displaceable display means S, and which expand again after being guided through.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S can e.g. be snapped on.
  • a separating device 1 can now be installed on the carrier P without the risk of elements slipping.
  • the energy store D can be used. That is, if the electrical component B heats up, the electrical component B is displaced along the surface of the carrier P after the energy store D has been released, for example in the event of a fault.
  • the travel path of the electrical component B can be used to implement a mechanical display at the same time.
  • the invention makes it possible to produce a separating device that is simple, safe and inexpensive, which takes up little space and can also signal separation.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S prefferably have a device for fixing the mechanically displaceable display means S in an initial position.
  • This fixation is preferably provided by the previously fixed electrical component B. I.e. the manufacturing process can be further simplified and the triggering reliability can be increased.
  • the disconnection device 1 for a disconnected electrical component B to be monitored has a device for fixing in a disconnected state.
  • a hood-like, mechanically displaceable display means S and the carrier P can fix the separated electrical component B.
  • the arrangement described above makes it possible to implement devices with electrical components B and a separating device according to the invention which, due to their design, do not have a supporting housing wall. That includes mechanically displaceable display means S, the separated electrical component B can only be prevented laterally by a housing section parallel to the carrier P, a vagabonding of the electrical component B normal to the carrier P can be prevented.
  • the mechanically displaceable display means S can provide a color change and / or a change in transmission.
  • an opening ANZ can be provided in a housing and / or in the carrier P, in which an opening ANZ is moved with / on the mechanically displaceable display means S when the electrical component B is separated. I.e. it can e.g. a color change from green to red indicates that separation has taken place.
  • an embodiment is shown, for example, in which an opening ANZ in the carrier P is covered by the mechanical display means S ( Fig. 2 ) can be.
  • an embodiment is shown in which an opening ANZ in the carrier P is opened by the mechanical display means S ( Fig. 8 ) can be.
  • the separating device 1 it is also possible for the separating device 1 to have devices for mounting on a support rail.
  • a separating device 1 according to the invention can also be built into switch cabinets by means of suitable housings with the corresponding devices.
  • straight guide grooves N1, N2 are shown in the figures, the invention is not limited thereto. Rather, there are no limits to the person skilled in the art. However, essentially straight guide grooves N1, N2 allow particularly simple movement.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine bauraumoptimierte Abtrennvorrichtung.The invention relates to a space-optimized separating device.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Es ist bekannt, dass die Überbeanspruchung von elektrischen Bauelementen dazu führen kann, dass die elektrischen Bauelemente außerhalb ihres spezifizierten Nennbetriebsbereiches arbeiten. Auch andere Effekte, die von außen (unbeabsichtigt) eingeprägt sein können, können zu einem Betrieb außerhalb des Nennbetriebsbereiches führen.It is known that the overstressing of electrical components can lead to the electrical components operating outside their specified nominal operating range. Other effects that can be (unintentionally) impressed from the outside can also lead to operation outside the nominal operating range.

Dieser Betrieb außerhalb des Nennbetriebsbereiches kann zu einem erhöhten Leistungsumsatz in dem elektrischen Bauelement führen, welcher wiederum zu einer Erwärmung des elektrischen Bauelementes führt. Dabei können Werte erreicht werden, die außerhalb der jeweiligen Spezifikation liegen und zu einer Eigenschädigung des elektrischen Bauelementes als auch benachbarter Anlagen führen kann. Beispielsweise kann durch die entstandene Wärme in der Nachbarschaft des elektrischen Bauelements eine Schädigung von Bauteilen oder eine Verschiebung von Kennlinien, eine Zerstörung von Bauteilen bis hin zu Brand oder Explosion verursacht werden. Ebenso kann aber auch das elektrische Bauelement selbst durch die Erwärmung in einen selbstzerstörerischen Betrieb geführt werden, der zu einer Zerstörung des elektrischen Bauelements mit einer eventuellen weiteren Beeinträchtigung benachbarter Analgen wie zuvor ausgeführt führen kann.This operation outside the nominal operating range can lead to an increased power conversion in the electrical component, which in turn leads to heating of the electrical component. In doing so, values can be achieved that are outside the respective specification and can lead to self-damage to the electrical component as well as to neighboring systems. For example, the heat generated in the vicinity of the electrical component can cause damage to components or a shift in characteristic curves, destruction of components or even fire or explosion. Likewise, however, the electrical component itself can also be brought into a self-destructive mode as a result of the heating, which can lead to the destruction of the electrical component with a possible further impairment of neighboring systems as explained above.

Beispielsweise kann eine reduzierte Bauteilisolationsfestigkeit, z.B. bei Schädigung, eines Ableiters, zu einem erhöhten Leistungsumsatz am geschädigten elektrischen Bauteil führen, die wiederum zu einer unzulässigen Erwärmung des elektrischen Bauelements führt.For example, a reduced component insulation strength, e.g. in the event of damage to an arrester, this leads to increased power consumption on the damaged electrical component, which in turn leads to inadmissible heating of the electrical component.

Wird die unzulässige Erwärmung des elektrischen Bauelements nicht verhindert, kann es z.B. zur Schädigung umgebender Materialien, Entstehung von Rauchgasen oder zu einer Brandgefahr führen.If the inadmissible heating of the electrical component is not prevented, it can lead to damage to surrounding materials, the formation of smoke gases or a fire hazard.

Daher wurde in der Vergangenheit, z.B. in DE 90 102 46 U1 , vorgeschlagene eine Temperatursicherung einem Bauelement zuzuordnen, um eine Abschaltung bei Erwärmung zu ermöglichen. Aufgrund der begrenzten thermischen Ankopplungsmöglichkeit ist diese Anordnung für sehr schnelle Erwärmungsvorgänge jedoch nicht geeignet.Therefore, in the past, e.g. in DE 90 102 46 U1 , proposed to assign a thermal fuse to a component in order to enable shutdown when heated. Due to the limited thermal coupling options, this arrangement is not suitable for very rapid heating processes.

Bei Überspannungsschutzgeräten ist es üblich, die verwendeten Überspannungsschutzbauelemente, insbesondere Varistoren, mit thermisch aktivierten Abschalteinrichtungen auszustatten. In den Patenten DE 42 41 311 C2 , DE 699 04 274 T2 und US 6,430,019 werden thermische Abtrennvorrichtungen für geschädigte Überspannungsschutzbauelemente beschrieben. Die in den Schriften beschriebenen Lösungen arbeiten alle nach dem gleichen Grundprinzip. Das zu überwachende Bauteil wird über ein Kontaktelement thermosensitiv angebunden. Die thermosensitive Anbindung erfolgt im Allgemeinen über eine Lötverbindung. Das Kontaktelement ist vorgespannt montiert oder auf das Kontaktelement wirkt eine Kraft eines zweiten vorgespannten Elementes z.B. einer Feder. Überschreitet die Federkraft die Haltekraft der thermosensitiven Kontaktstelle, z.B. der Lötstelle, öffnet der Kontakt und das überwachte Bauteil wird abgeschaltet.In overvoltage protection devices, it is customary to equip the overvoltage protection components used, in particular varistors, with thermally activated disconnection devices. In the patents DE 42 41 311 C2 , DE 699 04 274 T2 and U.S. 6,430,019 thermal disconnection devices for damaged overvoltage protection components are described. The solutions described in the scriptures all work on the same basic principle. The component to be monitored is connected in a thermosensitive manner via a contact element. The thermosensitive connection is generally made via a soldered connection. The contact element is mounted preloaded or a force of a second preloaded element, for example a spring, acts on the contact element. If the spring force exceeds the holding force of the thermosensitive contact point, e.g. the soldering point, the contact opens and the monitored component is switched off.

In analoger Weise werden Thermosicherungen auch in anderen Bereichen angewandt. Aus der DE 10 2008 057 166 A1 ist eine elektrische Schaltung mit Temperaturschutz bekannt, bei dem ein oberflächenmontiertes Bauelement durch ein Federelement verschoben wird. Aus der DE 10 2005 040 308 A1 ist eine Thermosicherung bekannt, bei der eine Kontaktbrücke verschoben werden kann. Aus der DE 10 2009 036 578 B3 ist eine Thermosicherung bekannt, bei der ebenfalls Kontaktbrücken verschoben werden.Thermal fuses are used in a similar manner in other areas. From the DE 10 2008 057 166 A1 an electrical circuit with temperature protection is known in which a surface-mounted component is displaced by a spring element. From the DE 10 2005 040 308 A1 a thermal fuse is known in which a contact bridge can be moved. From the DE 10 2009 036 578 B3 a thermal fuse is known in which contact bridges are also moved.

Andere Lösungen, wie die in DE 20 2016 102 862 U1 oder die in DE 10 2008 057 166 A1 , die eine bauraumoptimierte Abtrennvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 offenbart, aufgezeigte Lösung, erfordern hohe Präzision in der Herstellung, um die Elemente, insbesondere die Schiebeelemente, sicher zu platzieren. Hier besteht die Gefahr, dass einzelne Elemente bei der Herstellung verrutschen und so im fertigen Gerät ihre Schutzfunktion / weitere Funktion nicht oder nur unzureichend ausführen können. Werden z.B. verschiebende Elemente auf einem Gleitsteg geführt, so sind die verschiebbaren Elemente so lange nicht sicher geführt, bis eine Bewegung senkrecht zur Erstreckung des Gleitsteges nicht unterbunden wird. D.h. bei der Produktion auftretenden Vibrationen oder aber der Transport von einer Bearbeitungsstation zur nächsten kann dazu führen, dass das verschiebbare Element aus dem Gleitsteg gerät.Other solutions, like the one in DE 20 2016 102 862 U1 or the in DE 10 2008 057 166 A1 , which discloses a space-optimized separating device according to the preamble of claim 1, require high precision in production in order to safely place the elements, in particular the sliding elements. There is a risk here that individual elements slip during manufacture and so cannot or only inadequately perform their protective function / further function in the finished device. If, for example, sliding elements are guided on a slide bar, the displaceable elements are not safely guided until a movement perpendicular to the extent of the slide bar is not prevented. In other words, vibrations occurring during production or the transport from one processing station to the next can lead to the displaceable element getting out of the slide web.

Ausgehend hiervon ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Verbesserung für Abtrennvorrichtungen bereitzustellen, die einfach und sicher und kostengünstig herzustellen sind, wenig Bauraum beanspruchen und eine Abtrennung signalisieren können.On the basis of this, it is an object of the invention to provide an improvement for disconnection devices that can be produced simply, safely and inexpensively, require little installation space and can signal disconnection.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine bauraumoptimierte Abtrennvorrichtung gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind insbesondere Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.The object is achieved by a space-optimized separation device according to the independent claim. Further advantageous refinements are in particular the subject of the dependent claims.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung näher unter Bezug auf die Figuren erläutert. In diesen zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem zweiten Zustand,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand von der Rückseite,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand entlang der Schnittlinie A in Figur 3,
Fig. 5
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand von der Rückseite,
Fig. 6
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand entlang der Schnittlinie A in Figur 5,
Fig. 7
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem ersten Zustand von der Vorderseite, und
Fig. 8
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer ersten erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung in einem zweiten Zustand von der Vorderseite.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. In this shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a first state,
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a second state,
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a first state from the rear,
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first space-optimized separating device according to the invention in a first state along the section line A in Figure 3 ,
Fig. 5
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a second space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a first state from the rear,
Fig. 6
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a second space-optimized separating device according to the invention in a first state along the section line A in Figure 5 ,
Fig. 7
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a second space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a first state from the front, and
Fig. 8
a schematic representation of an embodiment of a first space-optimized separation device according to the invention in a second state from the front.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung eingehender unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1-3 dargestellt werden. Dabei ist anzumerken, dass unterschiedliche Aspekte beschrieben werden, die jeweils einzeln oder in Kombination zum Einsatz kommen können. D.h. jeglicher Aspekt kann mit unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung verwendet werden, soweit nicht explizit als reine Alternative dargestellt.In the following the invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG Figures 1-3 being represented. It should be noted that different aspects are described that can be used individually or in combination. In other words, any aspect can be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly shown as a pure alternative.

Weiterhin wird nachfolgend der Einfachheit halber in aller Regel immer nur auf eine Entität Bezug genommen werden. Soweit nicht explizit vermerkt, kann die Erfindung aber auch jeweils mehrere der betroffenen Entitäten aufweisen. Insofern ist die Verwendung der Wörter "ein", "eine" und "eines" nur als Hinweis darauf zu verstehen, dass in einer einfachen Ausführungsform zumindest eine Entität verwendet wird.Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, reference will generally only be made to one entity in the following. Unless explicitly stated, the invention can also have several of the entities concerned. In this respect, the use of the words “a”, “an” and “an” is to be understood only as an indication that at least one entity is used in a simple embodiment.

Soweit nachfolgend Verfahren beschrieben werden, sind die einzelnen Schritte eines Verfahrens in beliebiger Reihenfolge anordenbar und/oder kombinierbar, soweit sich durch den Zusammenhang nicht explizit etwas Abweichendes ergibt. Weiterhin sind die Verfahren - soweit nicht ausdrücklich anderweitig gekennzeichnet - untereinander kombinierbar.Insofar as methods are described below, the individual steps of a method can be arranged and / or combined in any order, unless the context explicitly results in something different. Furthermore, the processes can be combined with one another - unless expressly indicated otherwise.

Angaben mit Zahlenwerten sind in aller Regel nicht als exakte Werte zu verstehen, sondern beinhalten auch eine Toleranz von +/- 1% bis zu +/- 10 %.Figures with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% up to +/- 10%.

Bezugnahme auf Standards oder Spezifikationen oder Normen sind als Bezugnahme auf Standards bzw. Spezifikationen bzw. Normen, die zum Zeitpunkt der Anmeldung und/oder - soweit eine Priorität beansprucht wird - zum Zeitpunkt der Prioritätsanmeldung gelten / galten zu verstehen. Hiermit ist jedoch kein genereller Ausschluss der Anwendbarkeit auf nachfolgende oder ersetzende Standards oder Spezifikationen oder Normen zu verstehen.References to standards or specifications or norms are to be understood as referring to standards or specifications or norms that apply at the time of application and / or - if a priority is claimed - at the time of priority application. However, this is not to be understood as a general exclusion of applicability to the following or replacement standards or specifications or norms.

Benachbart schließt im nachfolgend explizit eine unmittelbare Nachbarschaftsbeziehung ein ohne jedoch hierauf beschränkt zu sein. Zwischen schließt im nachfolgenden explizit eine Lage ein, in der das zwischenliegende Teil eine unmittelbare Nachbarschaft zu den umgebenden Teilen aufweist.In the following, adjacent explicitly includes an immediate neighborhood relationship without, however, being restricted to this. In the following, one explicitly closes between A position in which the intermediate part is in close proximity to the surrounding parts.

In Figuren 1-4 ist eine erste Ausführungsform und in Figuren 5-8 eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierte Abtrennvorrichtung 1 gezeigt.In Figures 1-4 is a first embodiment and in Figures 5-8 a second embodiment of a space-optimized separation device 1 according to the invention is shown.

Allen Ausführungsformen einer erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung 1 ist gemein, dass sie einen Träger P mit einem elektrischen Bauelement B aufweist.It is common to all embodiments of a separation device 1 according to the invention that is optimized for installation space that it has a carrier P with an electrical component B.

Das elektrische Bauelement B kann insbesondere ein Überspannungsschutzelement aufweisen. Der Träger P kann z.B. eine Platine sein bzw. ein Platinenmaterial aufweisen. In aller Regel wird der Träger im Wesentlichen starr sein.The electrical component B can in particular have an overvoltage protection element. The carrier P can e.g. be a board or have a board material. As a rule, the carrier will be essentially rigid.

Zweck der erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung 1 ist es das elektrische Bauelement B bei unzulässiger Erwärmung abzutrennen.The purpose of the space-optimized separation device 1 according to the invention is to separate the electrical component B in the event of impermissible heating.

Der Träger P weist zumindest zwei Führungsnuten N1, N2 auf. Diese Führungsnuten N1, N2 können z.B. mittels Stanzen, Laserbearbeitung, Fräsen etc. in den Träger P eingebracht sein.The carrier P has at least two guide grooves N1, N2. These guide grooves N1, N2 can e.g. be introduced into the carrier P by means of punching, laser processing, milling, etc.

Das elektrische Bauelement B ist auf dem Träger P mit einer thermisch erweichbaren Fixierung befestigt. Beispielsweise kann die thermisch erweichbare Fixierung ein Lot und/oder einen Kleber aufweisen. Weist die thermische erweichbare Fixierung ein Lot auf, so kann z.B. das elektrische Bauelement B Anschlüsse zur Oberflächenmontage für Leiterbahnen des Trägers P aufweisen. Andererseits ist es auch möglich alternativ oder zusätzlich das elektrische Bauelement B mit einem thermisch erweichbaren Kleber auf dem Träger P zu fixieren. Wird z.B. sowohl ein thermisch erweichbares Lot zur elektrischen Verbindung von (oberflächenmontierten) Anschlüssen als auch ein thermisch erweichbarer Kleber eingesetzt, so kann durch die Wahl der Materialen der Erweichungspunkt beeinflusst werden. Werden z.B. ein niedrigschmelzendes Lot und ein bei einer höheren Temperatur erweichbarer Kleber, so kann sich das elektrische Bauelement B und mit ihm auch das Lot auf Temperaturen erwärmen, die über dem Erweichungspunkt des Lotes aber unter dem Erweichungspunkt des Klebers liegen. Das Lot stellt in diesem Fall dennoch die elektrische Verbindung weiterhin her, da es auf Grund der Oberflächenkräfte am Kontakt verbleibt.The electrical component B is fastened to the carrier P with a thermally softenable fixation. For example, the thermally softenable fixation can have a solder and / or an adhesive. If the thermally softenable fixation has a solder, the electrical component B can have connections for surface mounting for conductor tracks of the carrier P, for example. On the other hand, it is also possible, as an alternative or in addition, to fix the electrical component B to the carrier P with a thermally softenable adhesive. For example, if both a thermally softenable solder for the electrical connection of (surface-mounted) connections and a thermally softenable adhesive are used, the softening point can be influenced by the choice of materials. If, for example, a low-melting solder and an adhesive that can be softened at a higher temperature, the electrical component B and with it also the solder can heat up to temperatures above the softening point of the solder but below the softening point of the Glue. In this case, the solder continues to establish the electrical connection, as it remains on the contact due to the surface forces.

Wie in den Figuren 1, 2, 7 und 8 gezeigt, ist relativ zu dem elektrischen Bauelement B ein Kraftspeicher D angeordnet, der - wenn die thermisch erweichbare Fixierung erweicht - das elektrische Bauelement B im Wesentlichen parallel zum Träger P verschiebt und dabei das elektrische Bauelement B abtrennt.As in the Figures 1, 2 , 7 and 8 As shown, an energy store D is arranged relative to the electrical component B, which - when the thermally softenable fixation softens - displaces the electrical component B essentially parallel to the carrier P and thereby separates the electrical component B.

Dieser Verschiebungsprozess ist aus Figur 2 im Vergleich zu Figur 1 und aus Figur 8 im Vergleich zu Figur 7 ersichtlich.This postponement process is over Figure 2 compared to Figure 1 and from Figure 8 compared to Figure 7 evident.

Der Kraftspeicher D kann z.B. eine Feder (wie dargestellt) oder ein Federbügel, eine komprimiertes Elastomer, etc. sein. In aller Regel übt der Kraftspeicher D nach Montage eine kontinuierliche Kraft aus, die im Falle, dass die Fixierung erweicht zu einer Bewegung führt. Obwohl in den Figuren eine Verschiebung durch Druck gezeigt ist, ist die Erfindung nicht hierauf beschränkt. Gleichfalls ist es möglich, dass ein Zug ausgeübt wird, wobei dann konstruktive Maßnahmen zur mittelbaren / unmittelbaren Befestigung am elektrischen Bauelement B bzw. dem mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittel S getroffen werden sollten.The energy store D can e.g. a spring (as shown) or a spring clip, a compressed elastomer, etc. As a rule, the energy store D exerts a continuous force after assembly, which leads to a movement in the event that the fixation softens. Although displacement by pressure is shown in the figures, the invention is not limited thereto. Likewise, it is possible that a pull is exerted, in which case constructive measures for direct / indirect attachment to the electrical component B or the mechanically displaceable display means S should be taken.

Allen Ausführungsformen einer erfindungsgemäßen bauraumoptimierten Abtrennvorrichtung 1 ist weiterhin gemein, dass sie ein mechanisch verschiebbares Anzeigemittel S aufweisen, wobei das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S anzeigt, dass das zu überwachende elektrische Bauelement B abgetrennt wurde, wobei das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S zusammen mit dem abtrennenden elektrische Bauelement verschoben wird.All embodiments of a space-optimized disconnecting device 1 according to the invention also have in common that they have a mechanically displaceable display means S, the mechanically displaceable display means S indicating that the electrical component B to be monitored has been disconnected, the mechanically displaceable display means S together with the disconnecting electrical component is moved.

Dazu kann das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S, wie in Figur 1 und 2 gezeigt, das elektrische Bauelement B seitlich, d.h. in einer Ebene parallel zum Träger P einfassen, oder aber, wie in Figur 7 und 8 gezeigt, teilweisen einfassen. D.h. während in Figur 1 und 2 der Kraftspeicher D mittelbar über das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S verschoben werden kann, verschiebt in Figur 7 und 8 der Kraftspeicher D über das elektrische Bauelement B das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S. Ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit kann natürlich auch vorgesehen sein, dass das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S das elektrische Bauelement haubenartig überdeckt. Weiterhin ohne Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit kann natürlich auch vorgesehen sein, dass das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S weitere Eigenschaften aufweist, wie z.B. Löscheigenschaften, z.B. in dem es hartgasendes Material aufweist. Weiterhin kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Gestaltung des mechanischen Anzeigemittels S im ausgelösten Zustand einen möglichen Lichtbogenpfad einengt und/oder verlängert. Zudem kann vorgesehen sein, dass das mechanische Anzeigemittel S auch als Kühlkörper für das elektrische Bauelement B fungiert.For this purpose, the mechanically displaceable display means S, as in FIG Figures 1 and 2 shown, enclose the electrical component B laterally, ie in a plane parallel to the carrier P, or else, as in FIG Figures 7 and 8 shown, partially border. Ie while in Figures 1 and 2 the energy storage device D is moved indirectly via the mechanically displaceable display means S can be moved in Figures 7 and 8 the energy store D via the electrical component B the mechanically displaceable display means S. Without restricting the generality, it can of course also be provided that the mechanically displaceable display means S covers the electrical component like a hood. Furthermore, without limiting the generality, provision can of course also be made for the mechanically displaceable display means S to have further properties, such as, for example, extinguishing properties, for example in that it has hard-gasing material. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the design of the mechanical display means S in the triggered state narrows and / or extends a possible arc path. In addition, it can be provided that the mechanical display means S also functions as a heat sink for the electrical component B.

Das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S wird in den zumindest zwei Führungsnuten N1, N2 gehalten und geführt.The mechanically displaceable display means S is held and guided in the at least two guide grooves N1, N2.

Dabei unterscheidet sich die Anordnung der ersten Ausführungsform von der zweiten Ausführungsform darin, dass die Halterung dadurch erzielt wird, dass die in der Ausführungsform der Figur 4 eine nach innen gerichtete Umgreifung angezeigt ist, während in Figur 6 eine nach außen gerichtete Umgreifung angezeigt ist. Es sei angemerkt, dass auch eine gleichgerichtete Umgreifung möglich ist.The arrangement of the first embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the holder is achieved in that in the embodiment of FIG Figure 4 an inward wrapping is indicated, while in Figure 6 an outwardly directed encirclement is indicated. It should be noted that a rectified encompassing is also possible.

Solche Umgreifungen können als Formteile vorgesehen sein, die bei der Montage des mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittels S durch die Führungsnuten N1, N2 federnd und/oder pressen hindurchgeführt werden, und die nach dem Durchführen wieder expandieren. D.h. das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittels S kann z.B. aufgerastet werden. Es ist aber auch möglich durch einen Biegeprozess nach dem Einstecken in die Führungsnuten N1, N2 Umgreifungen an dem mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittel S zu formen.Such encompassions can be provided as molded parts, which are guided through the guide grooves N1, N2 in a resilient manner and / or press during the assembly of the mechanically displaceable display means S, and which expand again after being guided through. I.e. the mechanically displaceable display means S can e.g. be snapped on. However, it is also possible to form encapsulations on the mechanically displaceable display means S by a bending process after it has been inserted into the guide grooves N1, N2.

D.h. nunmehr kann eine Abtrennvorrichtung 1 nach der Montage des elektrischen Bauelementes B auf dem Träger P montiert werden, ohne dass die Gefahr besteht, dass Elemente verrutschen können. Nach und/oder während der Montage des mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittels S kann der Kraftspeicher D eingesetzt werden. D.h. erwärmt sich das elektrische Bauelement B, wird das elektrische Bauelement B nach Freigabe des Kraftspeichers D, z.B. im Fehlerfall, entlang der Oberfläche des Trägers P verschoben. Der Verfahrweg des elektrischen Bauelements B kann dabei genutzt werden um gleichzeitig eine mechanische Anzeige zu realisieren.In other words, after the electrical component B has been installed, a separating device 1 can now be installed on the carrier P without the risk of elements slipping. After and / or during the assembly of the mechanically displaceable display means S, the energy store D can be used. That is, if the electrical component B heats up, the electrical component B is displaced along the surface of the carrier P after the energy store D has been released, for example in the event of a fault. The travel path of the electrical component B can be used to implement a mechanical display at the same time.

Durch die Erfindung wird es ermöglicht eine einfach und sicher und kostengünstig Abtrennvorrichtung herzustellen, die wenig Bauraum beansprucht und zudem eine Abtrennung signalisieren können.The invention makes it possible to produce a separating device that is simple, safe and inexpensive, which takes up little space and can also signal separation.

In allen Ausführungsformen ist es zudem möglich, dass das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S eine Einrichtung zur Fixierung des mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittels S in einer Ausgangsposition aufweist.In all embodiments it is also possible for the mechanically displaceable display means S to have a device for fixing the mechanically displaceable display means S in an initial position.

Diese Fixierung wird bevorzugt durch das zuvor fixierte elektrische Bauelement B zur Verfügung gestellt. D.h. der Herstellungsprozess kann weiter vereinfacht werden und die Auslösesicherheit erhöht werden.This fixation is preferably provided by the previously fixed electrical component B. I.e. the manufacturing process can be further simplified and the triggering reliability can be increased.

In allen Ausführungsformen ist es zudem möglich, dass die Abtrennvorrichtung 1 für ein abgetrenntes zu überwachendes elektrisches Bauelement B eine Einrichtung zur Fixierung in einem abgetrennten Zustand aufweist.In all embodiments it is also possible that the disconnection device 1 for a disconnected electrical component B to be monitored has a device for fixing in a disconnected state.

Hierdurch kann verhindert werden, dass das abgetrennte elektrische Bauelement B sich lose in einem Gehäuse befindet, und dort möglicherweise mechanische Funktionen beeinträchtigen könnte oder aber elektrische Verbindungen an anderen Orten hervorrufen könnte. Beispielsweise kann ein haubenartiges mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittel S und der Träger P (und eventuell in Verbindung mit dem Kraftspeicher D) das abgetrennte elektrische Bauelement B fixieren. Durch die zuvor beschriebene Anordnung ist es möglich Geräte mit elektrischem Bauelemente B und einer erfindungsgemäßen Abtrennvorrichtung zu realisiert, die bauartbedingt keine stützende Gehäusewand besitzen. Umfasst das mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittel S das abgetrennte elektrische Bauelement B lediglich seitlich kann durch ein Gehäuseabschnitt parallel zum Träger P ein Vagabundieren des elektrische Bauelements B normal zum Träger P verhindert werden.This makes it possible to prevent the separated electrical component B from being loosely located in a housing, where it could possibly impair mechanical functions or else could produce electrical connections in other locations. For example, a hood-like, mechanically displaceable display means S and the carrier P (and possibly in connection with the energy store D) can fix the separated electrical component B. The arrangement described above makes it possible to implement devices with electrical components B and a separating device according to the invention which, due to their design, do not have a supporting housing wall. That includes mechanically displaceable display means S, the separated electrical component B can only be prevented laterally by a housing section parallel to the carrier P, a vagabonding of the electrical component B normal to the carrier P can be prevented.

In allen Ausführungsformen ist es zudem möglich, dass das mechanisch verschiebbare Anzeigemittel S einen Farbwechsel und/oder eine Transmissionsänderung zur Verfügung stellt. Beispielsweise kann hierzu in einem Gehäuse und/oder im Träger P eine Öffnung ANZ vorgesehen sein, in der ein Farbwechselfeld mit/auf dem mechanisch verschiebbaren Anzeigemittel S verschoben wird, wenn das elektrische Bauelement B abgetrennt wird. D.h. es kann z.B. ein Farbwechsel von Grün nach Rot eine erfolgte Abtrennung signalisieren.In all embodiments it is also possible for the mechanically displaceable display means S to provide a color change and / or a change in transmission. For this purpose, for example, an opening ANZ can be provided in a housing and / or in the carrier P, in which an opening ANZ is moved with / on the mechanically displaceable display means S when the electrical component B is separated. I.e. it can e.g. a color change from green to red indicates that separation has taken place.

In den Figuren 1-4 ist z.B. eine Ausführungsform gezeigt, bei der eine Öffnung ANZ im Träger P durch das mechanische Anzeigemittel S verdeckt (Fig. 2) werden kann. In den Figuren 5-8 hingegen ist eine Ausführungsform gezeigt, bei der eine Öffnung ANZ im Träger P durch das mechanische Anzeigemittel S geöffnet (Fig. 8) werden kann.In the Figures 1-4 an embodiment is shown, for example, in which an opening ANZ in the carrier P is covered by the mechanical display means S ( Fig. 2 ) can be. In the Figures 5-8 on the other hand, an embodiment is shown in which an opening ANZ in the carrier P is opened by the mechanical display means S ( Fig. 8 ) can be.

In allen Ausführungsformen ist es zudem möglich, dass die Abtrennvorrichtung 1 Einrichtungen zur Montage auf eine Tragschiene aufweist.In all embodiments it is also possible for the separating device 1 to have devices for mounting on a support rail.

D.h. durch geeignete Gehäuse mit den entsprechenden Einrichtungen kann eine Abtrennvorrichtung 1 gemäß der Erfindung auch in Schaltschränken verbaut sein.I.e. A separating device 1 according to the invention can also be built into switch cabinets by means of suitable housings with the corresponding devices.

Auch wenn zuvor die Erfindung in Bezug auf allgemeine elektrische Bauelemente B beschrieben wurde, so ist sie von besonderer Bedeutung für besonders thermisch anfällige Bauelemente. Hierzu zählen Halbleiter, Transistoren, Widerstände, Varistoren, TVS-Dioden oder gasgefüllte Überspannungsableiter.Even if the invention was previously described with reference to general electrical components B, it is of particular importance for components that are particularly thermally susceptible. These include semiconductors, transistors, resistors, varistors, TVS diodes or gas-filled surge arresters.

Obwohl in den Figuren gerade Führungsnuten N1, N2 gezeigt sind, ist die Erfindung nicht hierauf beschränkt. Vielmehr sind dem Fachmann hierdurch keine Grenzen gesetzt. Jedoch erlauben im Wesentlichen gerade Führungsnuten N1, N2 eine besonders einfache Bewegung.Although straight guide grooves N1, N2 are shown in the figures, the invention is not limited thereto. Rather, there are no limits to the person skilled in the art. However, essentially straight guide grooves N1, N2 allow particularly simple movement.

Obwohl vorstehend Bezug auf ein Bauelement B genommen wurde, kann die Erfindung in gleicher Weise auf eine Vielzahl von Bauelemente angewandt werden.Although reference has been made above to a component B, the invention can be applied in the same way to a variety of components.

BezeichnungslisteDesignation list

11
Bauraumoptimierte AbtrennvorrichtungSpace-optimized separation device
PP
Trägercarrier
BB.
elektrisches Bauelementelectrical component
N1, N2N1, N2
FührungsnutenGuide grooves
DD.
KraftspeicherEnergy storage
SS.
mechanisch verschiebbares Anzeigemittelmechanically displaceable display means
ANZANZ
Öffnungopening

Claims (10)

  1. A disconnecting device (1) with optimized installation area, having
    • a support (P) with an electric component (B), wherein the electric component (B) is to be disconnected in the case of impermissible heating,
    • wherein an energy-storage device (D) is arranged relative to the electric component, which - if the thermally softenable fixing softens - displaces the electric component essentially parallel to the support (P) and disconnects the electric component (B) in the process,
    • characterized in that
    • the support (P) comprises at least two guide grooves (N1, N2),
    • the disconnecting device (1) with optimized installation area furthermore comprises a mechanically displaceable indicating means (S), wherein the mechanically displaceable indicating means indicates that the electric component (B) to be monitored was disconnected, wherein the mechanically displaceable indicating means (S) is displaced together with the disconnecting electric component,
    • wherein the mechanically displaceable indicating means (S) is held and guided in the at least two guide grooves (N1, N2).
  2. The device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mechanically displaceable indicating means (S) comprises an apparatus for fixing the mechanically displaceable indicating means (S) in an initial position.
  3. The device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the disconnecting device comprises an apparatus for fixing in a disconnected state for a disconnected electric component to be monitored.
  4. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy-storage device (D) comprises a spring.
  5. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanically displaceable indicating means (S) provides a colour change and/or a transmission change.
  6. The device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the mechanical indicating means (S) covers or opens an opening (ANZ) in the support (P) in the case of a displacement.
  7. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disconnecting device with optimized installation area comprises apparatuses for mounting on a mounting rail.
  8. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric component is selected from a group having semiconductors, transistors, resistors, varistors, TVS diodes or gas-filled surge protectors.
  9. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermally softenable fixing comprises a solder and/or an adhesive.
  10. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (P) comprises a printed circuit board material.
EP19188998.9A 2018-07-30 2019-07-30 Separating device with optimised installation area Active EP3605574B1 (en)

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CN210156315U (en) 2020-03-17
EP3605574A1 (en) 2020-02-05
SI3605574T1 (en) 2021-07-30

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