EP3600729A1 - Method for the additive manufacture of workpieces - Google Patents
Method for the additive manufacture of workpiecesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3600729A1 EP3600729A1 EP18724867.9A EP18724867A EP3600729A1 EP 3600729 A1 EP3600729 A1 EP 3600729A1 EP 18724867 A EP18724867 A EP 18724867A EP 3600729 A1 EP3600729 A1 EP 3600729A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- lifting surface
- radiation
- raw material
- workpieces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
- B22F12/45—Two or more
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/16—Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the additive production of workpieces.
- Workpieces that can be produced by the method are, for example, turbine blades, but any other geometries can also be produced.
- SD printing Devices and methods for the additive production of workpieces are known from the prior art. It is also called “generative manufacturing process” or “SD printing”. In these processes, a raw material, usually in powder form, is applied in the form of a layer to a work surface in order to be partially melted or sintered there. Another layer is applied to the layer and processed as with the first layer. In this case, the sections to be melted or sintered are selected such that the three-dimensional workpiece is built up in layers.
- the cleaning of the process chamber and their preparation for a manufacturing process takes time.
- the manufacturing process can not be carried out during this time.
- the produced workpieces are very hot immediately after production. Many materials, especially metals, are reactive when hot and must not come into contact with atmospheric oxygen. Therefore, these materials must be allowed to cool to a certain maximum temperature before removal from the evacuated area before removal. During this time, the manufacturing process of another workpiece can not start yet. This is particularly relevant because the vacuum required for the operation of electron beam guns prevents convective heat conduction, so cooling takes a considerable amount of time. The cooling times are also very long in many prior art processes because the powder around a manufactured workpiece conducts the heat relatively poorly. So the cooling after production usually takes several days. Radiation sources suitable for additive production generate high-energy radiation, for example laser or electron beam radiation, which in most processes is scanned over the applied layers.
- the speed of melting or sintering depends not only on the time required to bring the raw material to the required temperature, but also on the scanning speed with which the jet can be drawn over the raw material.
- workpieces that exceed a certain size may have a correspondingly large cross-section, so that the focusing of a high-energy beam can cause difficulties.
- the invention relates to a method for the additive production of a workpiece, with the steps a. Providing a work table in the area of influence of a set of radiation sources, wherein the set of radiation sources comprises at least one radiation source and wherein the work table has at least one lowerable lifting surface in a starting position, b. Presenting a layer of powdery raw material on the lifting surface, c. Applying radiation from the radiation source to regions of the first material layer which correspond to the desired shape of the workpiece, so that the raw material in the areas is at least partially heated at least to its melting point, d. Lowering the lifting surface from the starting position, in particular by the thickness of the subsequently applied layer, e. Presenting a further layer of raw material on the previously applied layer, f.
- the term "workpiece” refers both to a single workpiece and to a plurality of workpieces.
- the method can also be used to produce a plurality of workpieces simultaneously or together with other workpieces.
- Determining the section of the lifting surface not required for the production of the workpiece for example, by comparing a model, in particular a CAD model, of the workpiece with the lifting surface of the device.
- the method of this invention and the apparatus are particularly suitable for the manufacture of large workpieces or a plurality of workpieces.
- the device has a construction volume in the process chamber of preferably at least 1 m 3 , in particular even at least 2 m 3 . Accordingly, cooling down after production takes a long time. in particular at least one day or several days (especially for large workpieces).
- the raw material is preferably a metal or a metal alloy.
- the raw material should have particle sizes below 500 ⁇ m, in particular below 400 ⁇ m, below 300 ⁇ m or below 200 ⁇ m .
- the particle size of the raw material should also not be too small, since this deteriorates the flowability of the powder and increases its surface, so that the setting of a vacuum takes more time. Smaller particles also slow down the structure of the workpiece.
- the particle size of the raw material is at least 1 ⁇ , in particular at least 10 ⁇ , preferably at least 20 ⁇ and more preferably at least 50 ⁇ . More preferably, the particle size is 50 to 150 ⁇ .
- particle size is to be understood as meaning the average particle size measured on the principle of dynamic light scattering.
- the lifting surface can be lowered from a starting position into an end position.
- raw material is applied in powder form during the process according to the invention.
- the raw material in powder form is melted or sintered.
- the condition that the worktable or the lifting surface is located in the sphere of influence of the radiation source means that the worktable or the lifting surface is arranged at least so high that a powder layer located on the lifting surface is melted or sintered mediated by the radiation of the radiation source can be.
- the set of radiation sources can be structurally connected to one another, for example by fixing all radiation sources within a set to a mounting plate or otherwise
- the radiation sources may be individually attached to the device
- Suitable radiation sources are electron beam guns and lasers, with electron beam guns being preferred.
- Electron beam guns have the advantage over lasers of higher, and flexibly adjustable power densities. This higher melting temperatures can be realized.
- the electron beam gun is advantageous especially for raw materials with high thermal conductivity (metals, metal alloys) as a radiation source.
- an electron beam gun offers the possibility of using relatively large beam diameters or spot sizes, so that preheating with the radiation source can also be carried out well.
- the raw material can be presintered, so that powder grains sinter to one another to a small extent. Pre-sintering prevents the electrostatic charge-induced "smoke effect" that is otherwise to be feared upon irradiation with electron radiation, and also improves the heat conduction by pre-sintering because the powder grains are brought into closer contact with each other.
- the radiation source is an electron beam gun. If the set of radiation sources contains more than one radiation source, preferably all the radiation sources of the set are electron beam guns. In a preferred embodiment, the set of radiation sources comprises at least two, at least three or at least four radiation sources. The use of multiple radiation sources has proven to be advantageous, as in this way even with workpieces with a large cross-sectional area or a plurality of workpieces a uniformly good focus on the sections to be irradiated is possible and the operating speed can be significantly increased.
- the method described has the advantage that the dissipation of heat introduced during the process can be substantially increased by the construction of at least one heat sink on at least one section of the lifting surface.
- the thermal conductivity of the heat sink is much greater than that of the raw material.
- the heat sink is in particular constructed so that it is in contact with the lifting surface to allow the heat dissipation via the lifting surface.
- heatsinks are also extremely useful after the workpiece has been completed during cooling.
- the lifting surface is made of a material with a high thermal conductivity.
- a "high thermal conductivity" is in particular a thermal conductivity at 0 ° C of at least 13 W / (m * K), more preferably at least 40 W / (m * K), further preferably at least 100 W / (m * K) and especially preferably at least 200 W / (m * K)
- the thermal conductivity is even higher, in particular at least 250 W / (m * K) and more preferably at least 300 W / (m * K)
- Suitable materials are metals and Metal alloys, in particular steel, copper or copper alloys.
- lifting surfaces with high thermal conductivity allows a significant acceleration of the cooling rate and thus of the entire process.
- the lifting surface can be tempered with a fluid.
- the tempering may be heating or cooling. By cooling the lifting surface with a fluid, the cooling can be further accelerated. Alternatively, the lifting surface can be heated. By heating the lifting surface, the raw material can be preheated prior to melting or sintering.
- the fluid for tempering is liquid or gaseous under standard conditions (DIN 1343: 1990). Liquid fluids are preferred.
- the fluid is preferably selected from water, thermal oil, inert gas, air and liquid metal (e.g., NaK, Wood's alloy). Water is preferred because of its low cost.
- the use of gaseous fluid is less advantageous due to the lower heat capacity, but possible with lower intended cooling capacity.
- At least two, at least three or at least four heat sinks are built up on the lifting surface. It has proven to be sufficient to build the heat sink as filled with powdery raw material hollow body. As a result, a great improvement in heat dissipation is achieved without melting or sintering the entire volume of the heat sink.
- the powdery raw material contained in the heat sink may be reused subsequent to the process.
- the workpiece is in one embodiment outside of designed as a hollow body heat sinks.
- the heat sinks are each surrounded by powdery raw material. In particular, they do not directly adjoin the workpiece. In particular, they do not form the outer boundary of the construction volume.
- the volume of construction preferably extends between the starting and end position of the lifting surface in height and corresponds in terms of its base area of the lifting surface.
- a distance of a heat sink to at least one workpiece is not more than 30 mm, preferably not more than 25 mm, not more than 20 mm, not more than 15 mm, not more than 10 mm or not more than 5 mm. Due to the targeted construction of the heat sink during the manufacture of the workpieces, the heat sink can be constructed with a minimum distance and taking into account the final contour of the workpiece.
- the inventive method is preferably carried out under vacuum. This preferably corresponds to a pressure of at most 10 1 mbar, preferably at most 10 2 mbar or at most 10 ⁇ 3 mbar. Preferably, at least during steps c. to g. and especially during steps b. to g. said pressure.
- step c before applying the material layer in step c.
- a preheating and / or presintering of the material layer can be carried out using a heat source, which may be identical in particular with the radiation source.
- the preheating or pre-sintering has the advantage that not the entire heat input takes place in one go during the construction of the workpiece. Otherwise, when using electron guns, sputtering of the raw material due to electrostatic charging may otherwise occur.
- the workpiece produced is following step g. cooled. This can be done in a separate chamber into which the workpiece was possibly still located on the lifting surface befindlich.
- the chamber is referred to herein as a molding chamber.
- the molding chamber is adapted to cool a workpiece therein with a cooling gas.
- the molding chamber preferably has at least one inlet and / or at least one outlet for the cooling gas.
- the forming chamber has at least one means for circulating an amount of cooling gas in the forming chamber.
- the means may in particular be a fan or a circulating pump.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to close the molding chamber and the process chamber, respectively, so that different atmospheres (for example vacuum or inert gas) can be set in the two chambers.
- different atmospheres for example vacuum or inert gas
- cooling gas flows through an inlet.
- the cooling gas flows out of the molding chamber through an outlet and / or the cooling gas is circulated in the molding chamber in order to achieve an optimum cooling effect.
- the cooling gas is an inert gas, in particular helium, argon, xenon and / or nitrogen.
- the method of this invention is preferably performed in a device described below.
- the device is a device for the additive production of workpieces with a set of radiation sources comprising at least one radiation source,
- At least one process chamber wherein the lifting surface between an initial position in the influence of the radiation source and an end position below the initial position is movable, and extends between starting position and end position a volume for the additive production of workpieces.
- the set of radiation sources is arranged in an upper section of the process chamber, in particular above the work table at which the additive production of the workpiece takes place.
- chamber as in “process chamber”, merely means that such a device is a space that can be closed on all sides, so that a controlled atmosphere, in particular a vacuum, can be set.
- a chamber can according to the invention take any outer shape.
- the process chamber according to the invention is that chamber in which the additive production of the workpiece takes place.
- the sphere of influence of the radiation source is located in the process chamber.
- volume leak rate of the chamber is less than 1 * 10 2 mbar * l / s, in particular less than 5 * 10 -3 mbar * l / s
- the volume leak rate is preferably measured at 20 ° C and 1013 hPa ambient pressure. In this way, the desired atmosphere can be set and maintained in the chamber Vacuum-tight chambers are required for the additive production using electron beam guns, since - in contrast to manufacturing methods such as lasers - a vacuum and not just a protective gas atmosphere must be maintained.
- the material reservoir serves to hold the raw material in powder form for the manufacturing process.
- the material reservoir may contain raw material for carrying out a plurality of production runs.
- the material reservoir can be arranged in the form of one or more at least partially funnel-shaped chambers in an upper part of the process chamber.
- the device has at least two Material Reservoirs on; these can be arranged in particular on opposite sides of the influence range of the radiation source.
- the material reservoir is arranged above the plane in which the melting or sintering process takes place. In this way, the raw material in powder form can flow down or be distributed in the work area following gravity.
- the material reservoir has an optionally closable opening to the process chamber.
- the device preferably has at least one vacuum pump, in particular a diffusion pump.
- a vacuum pump is associated with the process chamber, i. it is connected to the process chamber so that it can create a vacuum in the process chamber.
- the device may comprise a plurality of vacuum pumps.
- the method comprises the further steps
- the lifting surface has an outer shape, which allows the lifting surface relative to the packing by the volume of lower the initial position to the end position.
- the determination of the dead volume not required for the production of the workpiece within the construction volume can be done, for example, by comparing a model, in particular a CAD model, of the workpiece with the construction volume of the device.
- the described method has the advantage that by occupying the construction volume with at least one filling body, the available volume of construction can be reduced and thus less raw material can be used for the production of a workpiece.
- the entire dead volume with fillers will not be assignable on a regular basis, since irradiation of a material layer always leaves unirradiated areas. These unirradiated areas, which consist of powdery material, but are smaller compared to conventional methods. As a result, less powder must be discarded or recycled.
- the thermal conductivity of the powder is poor and in particular lower than the thermal conductivity of the packing, so that the filler can greatly accelerate the cooling of the workpieces.
- the fillers are inventively removable from the device, so at best releasably connected to the device. The fillers are at least partially in contact with powdered raw material during the process.
- the advantages of the method according to the invention are particularly evident in application devices in the form of powder distribution elements (for example doctor blades) which push a powder fraction over the work table and thereby cause the raw material to be deposited on the lifting surface.
- powder distribution elements have the advantage that they can also smooth the applied material layer.
- the filling bodies preferably end at the level of the work table, in particular forming a flat surface with the work table.
- At least one and in particular all packing is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity.
- a "high thermal conductivity" is in particular a thermal conductivity at 0 ° C of at least 13 W / (m * K), more preferably at least 40 W / (m * K), further preferably at least 100 W / (m * K) and especially preferably at least 200 W / (m * K)
- the thermal conductivity is even higher, in particular at least 250 W / (m * K) and more preferably at least 300 W / (m * K)
- Suitable materials are metals and Metal alloys, in particular steel, copper or copper alloys The use of fillers and especially those with high thermal conductivity enables a significant acceleration of the cooling rate and thus of the entire process otherwise greatly reduced due to lack of convection cooling of the workpieces improve.
- a filler can be tempered with a fluid.
- the tempering may be heating or cooling. By cooling the filler with a fluid, the cooling can be further accelerated. Alternatively, the filler can be heated. By heating the filler, the raw material can be preheated prior to melting or sintering.
- the fluid for tempering is liquid or gaseous under standard conditions (DIN 1343: 1990). Liquid fluids are preferred.
- the fluid is preferably selected from water, thermal oil, inert gas, air and liquid metal (eg NaK, Wood's alloy). Water is preferred because of its low cost.
- the use of gaseous fluid is less advantageous due to the lower heat capacity, but possible with lower intended cooling capacity.
- At least one packing is lowered together with or independently of the lifting surface. This is understood as meaning a lowering of the filling body in relation to the worktable during the execution of the additive production.
- the invention includes embodiments in which at least one and in particular all random packings are not lowered in relation to the work table during the execution of the additive production.
- the device comprises at least one filling body occupying a partial volume of the construction volume, wherein the lifting surface has an outer shape, which makes it possible to lower the lifting surface relative to the packing by the volume from the starting position to the end position.
- Also according to the invention is the use of a method of this invention for improving the heat transfer between the manufactured workpiece and the lifting surface.
- Figure 1 shows a cross section of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention with lifting surface in the starting position.
- Figure 2 shows a cross section of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention with lifting surface in the end position.
- Figure 1 shows a lifting surface 7, which is located in a starting position at the height of a work table 5 and in the sphere of influence of radiation sources.
- the lifting surface 7 is lowered or raised by means of the lifting device 13.
- the presentation of layers of powdery raw material on the lifting surface 7 takes place by providing raw material from the opening 9 of the material reservoir and subsequent distribution of the raw material via the lifting surface 7 by means of the applicator 16.
- FIG. 2 shows the same device as FIG. 1 in a later method step of the method according to the invention.
- the lifting surface 7 is in the end position at the lower end of the construction volume.
- workpieces 10 have been made.
- heatsink 22 are arranged.
- the heat sink 22 are designed as a hollow body.
- powdered raw material 21 is arranged.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017110651.0A DE102017110651B4 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | Process for additive manufacturing of workpieces |
PCT/EP2018/062521 WO2018210811A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | Method for the additive manufacture of workpieces |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3600729A1 true EP3600729A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
Family
ID=62167344
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18724867.9A Pending EP3600729A1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2018-05-15 | Method for the additive manufacture of workpieces |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3600729A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017110651B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018210811A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2023507616A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2023-02-24 | チタニウム メタルズ コーポレーション | Modular gun assembly for melting furnace |
CN110948877B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2021-06-08 | 安徽中健三维科技有限公司 | Cooling device applied to LCD3D printer |
DE102020129971A1 (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-19 | Pro-Beam Gmbh & Co. Kgaa | 3D printing - cooling structures |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19953000C2 (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2003-04-10 | Horst Exner | Method and device for the rapid production of bodies |
DE10342883B4 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2007-07-19 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Method and device for producing a three-dimensional molded body |
DE102012216515A1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-20 | Evonik Industries Ag | Process for the layered production of low-distortion three-dimensional objects by means of cooling elements |
DE102014203386A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Powder bed-based additive manufacturing process, in which a support structure is used for the production of the component |
DE102014203711A1 (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-03 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Generation of residual compressive stresses in generative production |
CA2859414C (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-03-14 | Matsuura Machinery Corporation | Metal powder processing equipment |
US20150367418A1 (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2015-12-24 | Velo3D, Inc. | Apparatuses, systems and methods for three-dimensional printing |
EP3229996A4 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2018-09-05 | Velo3d Inc. | Feedback control systems for three-dimensional printing |
DE102015108131A1 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2016-11-24 | GEFERTEC GmbH | Method and apparatus for additive manufacturing |
US10449624B2 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2019-10-22 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Method of fabrication for the repair and augmentation of part functionality of metallic components |
-
2017
- 2017-05-16 DE DE102017110651.0A patent/DE102017110651B4/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-05-15 WO PCT/EP2018/062521 patent/WO2018210811A1/en unknown
- 2018-05-15 EP EP18724867.9A patent/EP3600729A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102017110651B4 (en) | 2021-02-18 |
DE102017110651A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
WO2018210811A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
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