EP3590124A1 - Röntgenröhre, röntgengerät und verfahren zur fertigung einer röntgenröhre und eines röntgengeräts - Google Patents
Röntgenröhre, röntgengerät und verfahren zur fertigung einer röntgenröhre und eines röntgengerätsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3590124A1 EP3590124A1 EP18723758.1A EP18723758A EP3590124A1 EP 3590124 A1 EP3590124 A1 EP 3590124A1 EP 18723758 A EP18723758 A EP 18723758A EP 3590124 A1 EP3590124 A1 EP 3590124A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ray tube
- anode
- spatial
- cooling
- tube according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/12—Cooling non-rotary anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
- H01J35/105—Cooling of rotating anodes, e.g. heat emitting layers or structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/081—Target material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/083—Bonding or fixing with the support or substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/083—Bonding or fixing with the support or substrate
- H01J2235/084—Target-substrate interlayers or structures, e.g. to control or prevent diffusion or improve adhesion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/12—Cooling
- H01J2235/1204—Cooling of the anode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/12—Cooling
- H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
- H01J2235/1291—Thermal conductivity
- H01J2235/1295—Contact between conducting bodies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an X-ray tube, an X-ray device and a method for manufacturing an X-ray tube and egg Nes X-ray device.
- an electron beam is directed onto an anode material to generate X-radiation.
- Modern high-performance X-ray tubes must be cooled in order to effectively dissipate the heat generated during the interaction of the electron beam with the anode material and thus ensure a high level of performance and a long service life of the X-ray tube.
- rotary anodes are known, in particular in high-end systems, which are internally structured by means of wire eroding directly in the volume or which have wave-shaped metal sheets which are soldered into the hollow rotary shaft of the rotary anode.
- wire eroding directly in the volume or which have wave-shaped metal sheets which are soldered into the hollow rotary shaft of the rotary anode.
- a further object of the invention is a method for producing an X-ray tube and an X-ray tube. specify by means of which such an X-ray tube and such an X-ray machine can be manufactured.
- the X-ray tube according to the invention has an anode with an interaction region and a cooling contact.
- the anode has a non-vanishing and steti ge spatial increase in thermal conductivity in a thermal contact area leading from the interaction area to the cooling.
- thermal conductivity always means the specific thermal conductivity as a substance size irrespective of any geometric flow variables.
- a "region leading thermally fromtinct totinct” is preferably to be understood as meaning a region of a heat conduction path along which heat is transported by heat conduction.
- an increase in the thermal conductivity along at least one spatial direction or along at least one path, expediently along a heat conduction path between the area of interaction and the cooling contact is to be understood as meaning a spatial increase in the heat conductivity. Accordingly, the term of the spatial change is to be understood preferably before.
- interaction region is to be understood as meaning that region of the anode which is arranged for irradiation with an electron beam for the purpose of generating X-radiation.
- the cooling contact has a surface, wherein there is an increase in the heat conductivity along a portion of the surface. In particular, there is an increase in the thermal conductivity along a portion of a surface arranged on the cooling fluid path.
- the spatial increase is suitably formed with a spatial change of Mate rialzusammen applicant.
- a spatial change in the thermal conductivity can be easily realized in this embodiment of the invention.
- Particularly suitable is the spatial change of the material composition formed with a fürdringungsgemosge at least two materials with different thermal conductivity.
- the local proportion of the two materials changes in at least one direction or along at least one path.
- the anode is formed with a gradient in terms of material composition. Due to the gradient results in a composite material, the Materialzusammenset tion constantly changes from the material of the anode up to the material of the cooling contact. Due to the gradient, a very efficient heat dissipation without thermal resistances can be achieved.
- the efficient heat dissipation allows ei nen fail-safe operation of the invention Röntgenröh re and a long life.
- the materials used are particularly preferably adapted to each other with regard to their thermal expansion coefficients.
- the adjusted coefficients of thermal expansion of the life of the X-ray tube according to the invention is significantly increased Lich due to the consequently reduced mechanical stresses in the operation.
- a metal such as copper has a particularly high thermal conductivity in comparison with a transition metal such as molybdenum, so that a particularly good heat conduction to the cooling contact can take place.
- the Ano de a rotating anode and / or the anode has an inner lying the cooling channel, wherein the cooling contact is disposed inside, preferably before preferably on the cooling channel.
- the anode is a rotary anode, wherein the anode is rotatable about ei ne axis of rotation and the cooling channel inside, preferably before on the axis of rotation and / or surrounding the axis of rotation, is arranged.
- the inventive X-ray tube forms very compact in this development.
- the continuity of the spatial change of Mate rialzusammen applicant or the increase in thermal conductivity with a spatial resolution of at most 5 millimeters, preferably at most one millimeter, suitably at most 500 micrometers, and ideally at most 100 micrometers.
- An evaluation with a spatial resolution is expedient to mean an averaging of the material property, in particular the thermal conductivity or a percentage mate rialzusammen experience over a space cube or a space sphere with an edge length or a radius corresponding to this resolution.
- the cooling contact forms a cooling surface.
- a cooling fluid in particular a cooling liquid, along strike and absorb heat from the cooling surface and thus dissipate from the anode.
- the cooling body is a part of the X-ray tube according to the invention.
- the X-ray device according to the invention has an X-ray tube according to the invention as described above.
- the area is formed by additive manufacturing with a spatial change of the material composition ge or by means of egg nes partially porous material and infiltration of the material ge.
- a method for additive manufacturing expediently a method for multi-component laser deposition welding, ie a method of so-called.
- a partially porous preform may be drawn from a first material, such as a transition metal such as molybdenum, to form the region, which may subsequently be bonded to a metal or thermoplastic material
- a preform made of a first material, such as molybdenum may be used, which may be in one direction or along a path, particularly from a bulk material Tapered cracks and / or fibers zergli edert, ie isolated, with a second material, preferably copper, is introduced into the spaces opened by the tapered projections and / or fibers free spaces.
- such projections and / or fibers have the shape of tapered pyramids and / or cones whose base is arranged on the volume material.
- the base of the distal tip or the base of the distal end of the pyramids and / or cones in this direction or along this path.
- heat conduction takes place along this direction or path.
- a cooling body is arranged on the cooling contact.
- further elements are particularly expediently formed on the cooling contact or integrally therewith.
- micro-fin, pin fin structure elements or micro-structured baffles are particularly expediently formed on the cooling contact or integrally therewith.
- Such structures can be advantageously produced via pre-stamped positive or negative molds with subsequent production of the further region of the anode as described above.
- FIG. 1 shows an inventive X-ray device with a
- Fig. 2 is a detail of an embodiment
- FIG. 1 schematically in cross section
- Fig. 3 a section of the detail like.
- the illustrated in Fig. 1 X-ray device 10 of the invention has a Rönt invention ⁇ genrschreibe 20 in known manner.
- the x-ray tube 20 includes a cathode 30 for providing an electron beam.
- the cathode 30 is arranged and designed such an electron beam (not explicitly shown in the drawing) on an anode plate 35 to be directed ⁇ a rotating anode 40th
- anode plate 35 As a result of the irradiation of the anode plate with the electron beam, internal half of the anode plate 35 generates X-rays. Within the anode plate 35 arises locally a heat peak.
- this is hollow in the region of the axis of rotation 50, so that in the region of the axis of rotation 50, a cooling channel 60 is formed.
- the cooling channel 60 conducts a cooling fluid along a cooling fluid path 70.
- the adjoining the cooling channel 60 surface 80 of the rotary anode 40 forms a thermal cooling contact of the rotary anode 40, by means of which the heat generated at the heat peak of the anode plate 35 of the rotary anode 40 heat is discharged to the channel through the cooling coolant.
- the rotary anode 40 is formed at the location of the anode plate 35 in a conventional manner of pure molybdenum.
- the rotary anode 40 is formed of a molybdenum-copper mixture.
- the proportion of copper increases from 0 percent in an anode plate 35 near part of the area 85 of the rotary anode 40 up to a proportion of 100 percent at the surface 80 steadily.
- the rotary anode 40 is additively manufactured in the region 85 adjacent to the Ano denteller 35 by means of laser welding, wherein powdered copper and pulverulent molybdenum are used as the welding material.
- the composition of the welding material in the manufacture of the region 85 is changed during welding by 85 metric molybdenum is used in the provided near the anode plate 35 part of the area.
- an increasing proportion of copper is added, the closer the currently manufactured part of the area 85 to the surface 80 is located.
- the region 85 of the rotary Anode 40 made exclusively of copper.
- the Anodentel ler 35 can be manufactured separately, for example by means of a conventional spa nenden manufacturing process and subsequently joined together with the additively manufactured area 85.
- the rotary anode 40 may alternatively be made additive in a single procedural process.
- the rotary anode 40 is taken gefer by means of another additive manufacturing process, for example by means of a cold-spray process or by means of a wire-based additive manufacturing process, such as the Cold Metal transfer method.
- the increasing proportion of copper is not made by an additive manufacturing process, but it is a semi-porous preform made of molybdenum in the form of a molybdenum sponge used, which infiltrated with Kup fer becomes.
- a spatial resolution of 300 microns meters can also such a copper infiltrated molybdenum sponge, which formed in this embodiment, a Po ren malmesser of less than 50 microns and a spatial density of several pores Liche per 300 square microns than with a spatially steadily increasing thermal conductivity be considered.
- the surface 80 of the rotary anode 40 further elements arranged, for example,dela melles or microfine or pin-fin structural elements or microstructured baffles.
- further elements are pre-stamped, wherein at least a portion between the axis of rotation 50 remote part of the anode plate 35 and the surface 80 is formed by additive manufacturing.
- the area 85 can be formed by means of a machined or additively manufactured preform 95 of molybdenum, which is formed integrally with the Drehtel ler 35 of the rotary anode 40.
- the preform 95 includes thereto in addition to the turntable 35 on this rotary plate 35 arranged projections 100, which in a heat conduction direction W, i. each in the thermally leading to the surface 80 direction from the turntable 35 marstre bridges.
- the projections 100 have a shape which tapers in each case in the direction of heat conduction W.
- the projections 100 are formed as shown in Fig.
- projections 100 in the form of pyramids projections 100 in the form of pyramids, projections 100 in the form of circular cones may be present in further embodiments, which otherwise correspond to what is shown, which extend with their tips of the turntable 35.
- the preform 95 separates in the direction of heat conduction W and opens free spaces, which can be filled with liquid copper.
- the tips of the projections 100 includes a
- Layer 90 of pure copper which has the cooling channel 60 adjacent surface 80 of the rotary anode 40.
- the surface 80 is also in the direction of Fulcrum 50 and consequently in the direction of the cooling fluid path 70 with respect to a non-vanishing gradient in the Ma material composition and the thermal conductivity struc- tured. In doing so, a thermal model of the rotary anode is used and the spatial structuring with regard to heat dissipation is optimized.
Landscapes
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/061029 WO2019210932A1 (de) | 2018-04-30 | 2018-04-30 | Röntgenröhre, röntgengerät und verfahren zur fertigung einer röntgenröhre und eines röntgengeräts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3590124A1 true EP3590124A1 (de) | 2020-01-08 |
| EP3590124B1 EP3590124B1 (de) | 2020-10-07 |
Family
ID=62148331
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18723758.1A Active EP3590124B1 (de) | 2018-04-30 | 2018-04-30 | Röntgenröhre, röntgengerät und verfahren zur fertigung einer röntgenröhre und eines röntgengeräts |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3590124B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019210932A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7610948A (nl) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-04-06 | Philips Nv | Roentgenbuis voor fijnstruktuuronderzoek. |
| JPH05279710A (ja) * | 1992-03-31 | 1993-10-26 | Toshiba Corp | 連続傾斜機能金属材料 |
| US6252934B1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2001-06-26 | Teledyne Technologies Incorporated | Apparatus and method for cooling a structure using boiling fluid |
| US6430264B1 (en) * | 2000-04-29 | 2002-08-06 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | Rotary anode for an x-ray tube and method of manufacture thereof |
| GB0812864D0 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2008-08-20 | Cxr Ltd | Coolign anode |
| JP5259406B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2013-08-07 | 株式会社東芝 | 回転陽極型x線管 |
| JP5531225B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2014-06-25 | 株式会社東芝 | X線管用ターゲットおよびそれを用いたx線管、x線検査装置ならびにx線管用ターゲットの製造方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-04-30 WO PCT/EP2018/061029 patent/WO2019210932A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-04-30 EP EP18723758.1A patent/EP3590124B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3590124B1 (de) | 2020-10-07 |
| WO2019210932A1 (de) | 2019-11-07 |
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