EP3589601A1 - Hydraulic composition for grout - Google Patents

Hydraulic composition for grout

Info

Publication number
EP3589601A1
EP3589601A1 EP18706535.4A EP18706535A EP3589601A1 EP 3589601 A1 EP3589601 A1 EP 3589601A1 EP 18706535 A EP18706535 A EP 18706535A EP 3589601 A1 EP3589601 A1 EP 3589601A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition according
mixture
hydraulic
mortar
polysaccharide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18706535.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vanessa Kocaba
Sandra DARGUY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chryso SAS
Original Assignee
Chryso SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chryso SAS filed Critical Chryso SAS
Publication of EP3589601A1 publication Critical patent/EP3589601A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • C04B24/386—Cellulose or derivatives thereof containing polyether side chains
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
    • C04B40/0658—Retarder inhibited mortars activated by the addition of accelerators or retarder-neutralising agents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/06—Lining with building materials with bricks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
    • C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/20—Retarders
    • C04B2103/22—Set retarders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00068—Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual water/cement ratio
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, in particular for tamping mortars, a process for its manufacture, its use for the preparation of tamping mortars as well as the mortars thus obtained.
  • the tunneling of tunnels involves, after the excavation of the ground and the evacuation of the cuttings, to secure the space created by placing segments against the walls and to fix the positioning of the segments by filling the annular space formed between the wall and the voussoirs.
  • the filling of the annular void can be carried out with gravel (inert filling) or with mortar (cohesive filling).
  • the material is injected only a few seconds after the installation, for example from pipes set back from the tunnel boring machine.
  • the construction of the tunnel also requires the use of a sealant, including tail seal sealant that prevents the penetration of water, mortar, improve the service life of the metal brushes. tunnel boring machine, etc. It is necessary to have a good compatibility between the mastic and the filler mortar. In particular, the mortar must not rise in the cracks that may exist in the mastic.
  • the tamping mortar must meet very demanding specifications.
  • the first component often designated as mixture A or slurry, comprises the hydrated hydraulic binder adjuvanted with a setting retarding agent and a stabilizer, for example a bentonite.
  • the mixture A is mixed with a mixture B comprising a setting accelerator.
  • a mixture B comprising a setting accelerator.
  • both components are mixed in the lines just before injection.
  • component B ensures rapid solidification of the mortar once injected.
  • the mortar becomes pasty after a few seconds. Nevertheless, the gel time must be carefully adjusted to allow a fast stabilization of the segments while avoiding a catch in the pipes and their subsequent blocking.
  • these mortars may lack robustness, and not meet all the desired performance criteria when the constituent materials vary.
  • the mixture A must be sufficiently fluid and stable to be able to be brought into the annular space, generally by pumping. It is furthermore expected that the stability and the rheological properties are maintained for the time of its transport and its storage on the site, up to 72 hours.
  • the tamping mortar must be compatible with the tail sealant to ensure the tightness of the segments.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, which can be used as a mixture A in two-component tamping mortars, making it possible to satisfy the requirements indicated in the tunnel tunneling construction and which also solves the problems mentioned above.
  • Another object of the invention is also to propose more stable solutions over time.
  • the invention provides a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, comprising: - water;
  • the weight ratio water / hydraulic binder being greater than 1, 5.
  • the polysaccharide is used as a rheology control agent.
  • the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums, diutan gums, celluloses or their mixture.
  • the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums and diutan gums, more particularly welan gums.
  • the polysaccharide is chosen from polysaccharides having a particle size d90 of less than 300 ⁇ .
  • the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums, diutan gums, celluloses or their mixture having a d90 particle size of less than 300 ⁇ .
  • the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums and diutan gums, more particularly welan gums having a d90 granulometry of less than 300 ⁇ .
  • the d90 corresponds to the diameter of more than 90% by volume of the particles.
  • more than 90% by volume of the particles have a diameter of less than 300 ⁇ .
  • Particle size distributions of the particles are measured by any method known to those skilled in the art. They can be measured using a MASTERSIZER 2000 MALVERN INSTRUMENT granulometer. In principle, the angular variation of light intensity is scattered as the laser beam passes through the sample of dispersed particles. Large particles scatter light at small angles to the laser beam from a red light source (Helium / Neon) with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and small particles scatter light at higher angles (source of blue light with a wavelength of the order of 466 nm. These data are analyzed to calculate the size of the particles that created the diffraction pattern through Mie's theory. The size of the particles is then represented by the diameter of the equivalent sphere, having the same volume as the particle. By convention, the optical properties required for the calculations have been defined as follows:
  • the composition according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 5 g / l by weight of polysaccharide, preferably from 0.3 to 2 g / l by weight relative to the weight of the hydraulic composition.
  • the hydraulic composition according to the invention can be used as mixture A in two-component mortars.
  • the term "setting retarding agent” is used herein to mean a compound which, when added to a hydraulic composition, has the effect of delaying its setting by hydraulic setting compared to the same hydraulic composition without such a composition. agent.
  • This setting delay makes it possible to increase the open time of the hydraulic composition, that is to say the time during which it is always fluid and manipulable.
  • the setting retarding agent makes it possible to maintain the rheological properties, especially the consistency or workability, indicated by the flow value at the Marsh cone, for a prolonged period of time.
  • Suitable setting retarding agents for compositions according to the invention include, in particular, sugars and their derivatives, carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids and their salts, and phosphates.
  • glucose and gluconates in particular sodium gluconate.
  • carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids those having a pK A of from 2 to 5 are preferred. Particularly preferred are acetic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and their salts and mixtures. Citric acid and gluconic acid and their salts and mixtures are particularly preferred.
  • amino triethylenphosphonic acid ATMP
  • ethylene diamine tetra methylenephosphonic acid ETMP
  • 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1,1-diphosphonic acid HEDP
  • salts especially sodium
  • sodium tripolyphosphate and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate are preferred.
  • the setting retarding agent is chosen from phosphonates, sugars, preferably gluconates.
  • the content of retarding agent in the composition of the invention is preferably included in the conventional ranges and is adapted to the specific constraints of each site.
  • the setting should not occur before 72 hours after preparation of the composition according to the invention (or mixture A).
  • the setting retarding agent is preferably used in a proportion of 0.1 to 2% by dry weight of the weight of hydraulic binder, preferably 0.25 to 1% by dry weight of the weight of hydraulic binder.
  • hydraulic binder is understood to mean any compound having the property of hydrating in the presence of water and whose hydration makes it possible to obtain a solid having mechanical characteristics, in particular a cement such as a cement Portiand, cement aluminous, pozzolanic cement or an anhydrous or semi-hydrated calcium sulphate.
  • the hydraulic binder can be a cement according to EN197-1 (2001) and in particular a Portiand cement, mineral additions, especially dairy, or a cement comprising mineral additions.
  • cement means a cement according to EN 197-1 (2001) and in particular a cement of CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV or CEM V type according to NF EN 197-1 (2012) .
  • the cement may include mineral additions.
  • the term "mineral additions” refers to slags (as defined in NF Cement Standard EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.2), steelmaking slags, pozzolanic materials (as defined in NF Cement Standard). EN 197-1 (2012) paragraph 5.2.3), fly ash (as defined in standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.4), calcined schists (as defined in NF Cement Standard) EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.5), limescale (as defined in standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.6) or fumed silica (as defined in the standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.7) or their mixtures.
  • the weight ratio water / hydraulic binder is greater than or equal to 1.8, preferably between 2 and 10, preferably between 2.5 and 5.
  • the hydraulic composition according to the invention may also comprise additives, in particular a biocide and an antifoam, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the hydraulic composition according to the invention may also comprise clays, such as sepiolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite, illite.
  • clays such as sepiolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite, illite.
  • the clay acts as a stabilizer of the hydraulic composition for its use as a mixture A in two-component mortars.
  • the inventors have found that the addition of clay was not necessary in the hydraulic composition according to the invention.
  • the hydraulic composition of the invention is free of clay.
  • the hydraulic composition according to the invention preferably comprises 0 to 8%, and in particular 0.5 to 5% by dry weight of clay.
  • the composition according to the invention is free of dispersant, in particular of dispersing polymer, such as for example PCP (polyalkoxylated polycarboxylate), polynaphthalene sulphonate, polymelamine sulphonate, lignosulphonate.
  • dispersing polymer such as for example PCP (polyalkoxylated polycarboxylate), polynaphthalene sulphonate, polymelamine sulphonate, lignosulphonate.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for preparing a stuffing mortar comprising the steps of:
  • the present application also relates to the filler mortar thus obtained or "two-component mortar".
  • two-component mortar refers to mortars based on hydraulic binder formulated in two components.
  • the component called “Mixture A” has a prolonged workability and a pumping ability allowing its routing from the plant and possible storage on site.
  • the mixture A is mixed with the mixture B comprising a setting accelerator which ensures almost immediate gelation and is accompanied by a development of the compressive strength.
  • the mixture A is the hydraulic composition described above.
  • the setting accelerator ensures almost immediate solidification of the mortar as well as a rapid rise in compressive strength, thus securing the positioning of the segments.
  • suitable setting accelerating agents mention may in particular be made of conventional setting accelerators such as calcium and sodium nitrate, calcium and sodium nitrite, calcium and sodium thiocyanate, calcium and sodium formate, aluminum sulphate and sodium silicate.
  • sodium silicate is particularly preferred.
  • the two-component mortar according to the invention is prepared in the usual manner from a hydraulic composition according to the invention as mixture A and a mixture B.
  • the formulation can also, if necessary, comprise a clay as specified above, in particular a bentonite.
  • the specific choice of the hydraulic composition according to the invention as mixture A may make it possible to dispense with the use of a clay.
  • the mixture B is preferably a liquid formulation comprising at least one setting accelerator in combination with possible additives, for example antifoam, biocide, etc.
  • a mixture B in the form of an aqueous solution is particularly preferred.
  • the mixture B is dosed in volume at 8 to 12% of the volume of hydraulic composition according to the invention (mixture A).
  • the preparation of the hydraulic composition according to the invention and of the mixture B and their mixing can be done in a conventional manner.
  • the result is expressed in s / L, with an intrinsic measurement uncertainty of ⁇ 0.5 s / L.
  • the particle size is measured as specified above.
  • the polysaccharide 4 has a viscosity, measured at 20 ° C. with a Rotovisko apparatus programmed on a shear rate of between 2 and 55 sec -1 on a 1% concentrated aqueous solution of 8600 mPa.s- 1 .
  • Hydraulic compositions mixture A, were prepared. These compositions were prepared with a Rayneri kneader equipped with a deflocculating blade according to the following procedure:
  • the indicated amount of water was introduced. After stirring at a speed of 1500 rpm (fixed rate for the duration), the setting retarder was added and stirred for a further 30 seconds. Finally, the cement and the polysaccharide according to the invention were added and stirred for a further 30 seconds.
  • compositions 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention have a bleeding rate of less than 10% at 72 h and a satisfactory Marsh cone flow time.
  • Test 4 shows that the polysaccharide 4 does not stabilize the mortar correctly and a large bleed is measured.
  • the gel time is the time that the mortar A + B has to go from a liquid state to a gel.
  • the mixing protocol of Mixture A with Mixture B is as follows and is derived from Testing Procedures for Two-Component Annulus Grouts, Phil Antunes, North American Tunneling 2012 Proceedings, (Ed .: Matthew Fowler, Robert Palermo, Robert Pintabona, Michael Smithson, Jr. published by EMS, 2012) pages 14-22:
  • the gelation time is expressed in seconds and is usually between 10 and 30 seconds.
  • the gel time for test 2 is 17 seconds and that for test 3 is 20 seconds.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is mainly directed to a hydraulic composition comprising: - water; - hydraulic binder; - at least one setting retarder; - at least one polysaccharide; the weight ratio water/hydraulic binder being greater than 1.5. The invention is also directed to the use of said composition as a mixture A in a grout. The invention is finally directed to a corresponding method for preparing a grout and to the grout obtained thereby.

Description

COMPOSITION HYDRAULIQUE POUR MORTIER DE BOURRAGE  HYDRAULIC COMPOSITION FOR JAM MORTAR
La présente invention concerne une composition hydraulique, de préférence composition de mortier, notamment pour mortiers de bourrage, un procédé pour sa fabrication, son utilisation pour la préparation de mortiers de bourrage ainsi que les mortiers ainsi obtenus. The present invention relates to a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, in particular for tamping mortars, a process for its manufacture, its use for the preparation of tamping mortars as well as the mortars thus obtained.
La construction de tunnels au moyen de tunneliers implique, après l'excavation du terrain et l'évacuation des déblais, de sécuriser l'espace créé en posant des voussoirs contre les parois et de fixer le positionnement des voussoirs en remplissant l'espace annulaire formé entre la paroi et les voussoirs. En fonction des contraintes techniques et des propriétés du terrain, le remplissage du vide annulaire peut être réalisé avec du gravier (remplissage inerte) ou avec du mortier (remplissage cohésif). Afin d'éviter le désalignement des voussoirs par affaissement, le matériau est injecté quelques secondes seulement après la pose, par exemple à partir de canalisations situées en retrait du tunnelier. The tunneling of tunnels involves, after the excavation of the ground and the evacuation of the cuttings, to secure the space created by placing segments against the walls and to fix the positioning of the segments by filling the annular space formed between the wall and the voussoirs. Depending on the technical constraints and the properties of the ground, the filling of the annular void can be carried out with gravel (inert filling) or with mortar (cohesive filling). In order to avoid misalignment of the segments by sagging, the material is injected only a few seconds after the installation, for example from pipes set back from the tunnel boring machine.
La construction du tunnel nécessite également la mise en œuvre d'un mastic, notamment mastic d'étanchéité de joint de queue qui permet d'éviter la pénétration de l'eau, du mortier, d'améliorer la durée de vie des brosses métalliques du tunnelier, etc. Il est nécessaire d'avoir une bonne compatibilité entre le mastic et le mortier de bourrage. Notamment, le mortier ne doit pas remonter dans les fissures qui pourraient exister dans le mastic.  The construction of the tunnel also requires the use of a sealant, including tail seal sealant that prevents the penetration of water, mortar, improve the service life of the metal brushes. tunnel boring machine, etc. It is necessary to have a good compatibility between the mastic and the filler mortar. In particular, the mortar must not rise in the cracks that may exist in the mastic.
La demande internationale WO 2009/068380 décrit un mortier hydraulique pour le remblayage de tunnels comportant un polysaccharide et un agent réducteur d'eau. Ces mortiers, formulés en un seul composant, ne permettent cependant pas toujours de respecter les exigences sévères en termes de durée de maintien de fluidité, rendues nécessaires lorsque le chantier est situé loin de la centrale dans laquelle est formulé le mortier ou lorsque des opérations de maintenance nécessitent l'arrêt du chantier pendant plusieurs jours.  International application WO 2009/068380 discloses a hydraulic mortar for backfilling tunnels comprising a polysaccharide and a water reducing agent. These mortars, formulated in a single component, however, do not always allow to meet the stringent requirements in terms of fluid retention time, made necessary when the site is located away from the plant in which the mortar is formulated or when operations of maintenance require stopping the worksite for several days.
Le mortier de bourrage doit répondre à un cahier des charges très exigeant.  The tamping mortar must meet very demanding specifications.
Ainsi, il doit être suffisamment fluide pour pouvoir remplir l'espace annulaire de manière parfaite. En revanche, il est attendu que le mortier développe une résistance à la compression rapidement afin de consolider le tunnel en rigidifiant la ligne des voussoirs.  Thus, it must be sufficiently fluid to be able to fill the annular space perfectly. On the other hand, it is expected that the mortar develops a compressive strength quickly in order to consolidate the tunnel by stiffening the line of the voussoirs.
Afin de satisfaire ces exigences, il a été proposé une solution sous forme de mortier bi-composant, aussi appelé mortier A + B. Le premier composant, souvent désigné comme mélange A ou coulis, comporte le liant hydraulique hydraté adjuvanté d'un agent retardateur de prise et d'un stabilisant, par exemple une bentonite. In order to meet these requirements, it has been proposed a solution in the form of two-component mortar, also called mortar A + B. The first component, often designated as mixture A or slurry, comprises the hydrated hydraulic binder adjuvanted with a setting retarding agent and a stabilizer, for example a bentonite.
Une fois acheminé sur le site depuis la centrale, le mélange A est mélangé avec un mélange B comprenant un accélérateur de prise. Habituellement, les deux composants sont mélangés dans les canalisations, juste avant injection. L'ajout du composant B assure une solidification rapide du mortier une fois injecté. Typiquement, le mortier devient ainsi pâteux au bout de quelques secondes. Néanmoins, le temps de gélification doit être réglé avec soin afin de permettre une stabilisation rapide des voussoirs tout en évitant une prise dans les canalisations et leur blocage subséquent.  Once routed to the site from the plant, the mixture A is mixed with a mixture B comprising a setting accelerator. Usually both components are mixed in the lines just before injection. The addition of component B ensures rapid solidification of the mortar once injected. Typically, the mortar becomes pasty after a few seconds. Nevertheless, the gel time must be carefully adjusted to allow a fast stabilization of the segments while avoiding a catch in the pipes and their subsequent blocking.
Ces mortiers de bourrage bi-composants donnent globalement satisfaction mais restent perfectibles à plusieurs égards.  These bicomponent tamping mortars give overall satisfaction but can be perfected in several respects.
En particulier, ces mortiers peuvent manquer de robustesse, et ne pas remplir tous les critères de performance souhaités lorsque les matériaux constituants varient.  In particular, these mortars may lack robustness, and not meet all the desired performance criteria when the constituent materials vary.
Ainsi, on observe pour certaines bentonites utilisées à titre de stabilisants du mélange A (ou coulis) une faible homogénéité de la suspension. Lorsque la suspension n'est pas homogène, les particules solides peuvent décanter, faisant apparaître un film d'eau à la surface, phénomène appelé ressuage.  Thus, it is observed for some bentonites used as stabilizers of the mixture A (or grout) a low homogeneity of the suspension. When the suspension is not homogeneous, the solid particles can decant, causing a film of water to appear on the surface, a phenomenon known as bleeding.
Or le mélange A doit être suffisamment fluide et stable pour pouvoir être amené dans l'espace annulaire, généralement par pompage. Il est en outre attendu que la stabilité et les propriétés rhéologiques soient maintenues le temps de son acheminement et son stockage sur le site, jusqu'à 72 heures. En outre, le mortier de bourrage doit être compatible avec le mastic de joint de queue afin de garantir l'étanchéité des voussoirs.  However, the mixture A must be sufficiently fluid and stable to be able to be brought into the annular space, generally by pumping. It is furthermore expected that the stability and the rheological properties are maintained for the time of its transport and its storage on the site, up to 72 hours. In addition, the tamping mortar must be compatible with the tail sealant to ensure the tightness of the segments.
Un but de l'invention est de proposer une composition hydraulique, de préférence une composition de mortier, utilisable en tant que mélange A dans les mortiers de bourrage bi-composant, permettant de satisfaire aux exigences indiquées dans la construction de tunnel par tunnelier et qui résolve en outre les problèmes évoqués plus haut. An object of the invention is to provide a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, which can be used as a mixture A in two-component tamping mortars, making it possible to satisfy the requirements indicated in the tunnel tunneling construction and which also solves the problems mentioned above.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est également de proposer des solutions plus stables dans le temps.  Another object of the invention is also to propose more stable solutions over time.
Un autre objectif encore de l'invention est de proposer des solutions qui permettent de s'affranchir des variabilités de l'argile généralement utilisée comme agent de rhéologie. Aussi, selon un premier aspect, l'invention vise une composition hydraulique, de préférence composition de mortier, comprenant : - eau ; Another objective of the invention is to propose solutions that make it possible to overcome the variability of the clay generally used as a rheology agent. Also, according to a first aspect, the invention provides a hydraulic composition, preferably a mortar composition, comprising: - water;
- liant hydraulique ;  - hydraulic binder;
- au moins un agent retardateur de prise ;  at least one setting retarding agent;
- au moins un polysaccharide ;  at least one polysaccharide;
le ratio en poids eau/liant hydraulique étant supérieur à 1 ,5. the weight ratio water / hydraulic binder being greater than 1, 5.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention, il doit être compris par « supérieur à x » ou « inférieure à x » que la borne x n'est pas incluse. In the context of the present invention, it must be understood by "greater than x" or "less than x" that terminal x is not included.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention, il doit être compris par « supérieur ou égal à x » ou « inférieur ou égal à x » que la borne x est incluse.  In the context of the present invention, it must be understood as "greater than or equal to x" or "less than or equal to x" that terminal x is included.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention, il doit être compris par « compris entre x et y » que les bornes x et y sont incluses.  In the context of the present invention, it should be understood as "between x and y" that the terminals x and y are included.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention le polysaccharide est utilisé comme agent de contrôle de la rhéologie. De préférence, dans le cadre de la présente invention, le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les gommes welan, les gommes diutan, les celluloses ou leur mélange. De préférence, le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les gommes welan et les gommes diutan, plus particulièrement les gommes welan. In the context of the present invention, the polysaccharide is used as a rheology control agent. Preferably, in the context of the present invention, the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums, diutan gums, celluloses or their mixture. Preferably, the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums and diutan gums, more particularly welan gums.
De préférence le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les polysaccharides présentant une granulométrie d90 inférieure à 300 μηι.  Preferably, the polysaccharide is chosen from polysaccharides having a particle size d90 of less than 300 μηι.
De préférence, le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les gommes welan, les gommes diutan, les celluloses ou leur mélange présentant une granulométrie d90 inférieure à 300 μηι. De préférence, le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les gommes welan et les gommes diutan, plus particulièrement les gommes welan présentant une granulométrie d90 inférieure à 300 μηι.  Preferably, the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums, diutan gums, celluloses or their mixture having a d90 particle size of less than 300 μηι. Preferably, the polysaccharide is chosen from welan gums and diutan gums, more particularly welan gums having a d90 granulometry of less than 300 μηι.
Le d90 correspond au diamètre de plus de 90% en volume des particules. Ainsi, plus de 90% en volume des particules ont un diamètre inférieure à 300 μηι.  The d90 corresponds to the diameter of more than 90% by volume of the particles. Thus, more than 90% by volume of the particles have a diameter of less than 300 μηι.
Les distributions granulométriques des particules sont mesurées par toute méthode connue de l'homme du métier. Elles peuvent notamment être mesurées à l'aide d'un granulomètre MASTERSIZER 2000 de MALVERN INSTRUMENT. Par principe, la variation angulaire de l'intensité de lumière est diffusée lorsque le faisceau laser traverse l'échantillon de particules dispersées. Les grosses particules diffusent la lumière à de petits angles par rapport au faisceau laser issu d'une source de lumière rouge (Hélium/Néon) de longueur d'onde 632,8 nm et les petites particules diffusent la lumière à des angles supérieurs (source de lumière bleue de longueur d'onde de l'ordre de 466 nm. Ces données sont analysées pour calculer la taille des particules qui ont créé l'image de diffraction grâce à la théorie de Mie. La taille des particules est alors représentée par le diamètre de la sphère équivalente, ayant même volume que la particule. Par convention, les propriétés optiques nécessaires aux calculs ont été définies comme suit : Particle size distributions of the particles are measured by any method known to those skilled in the art. They can be measured using a MASTERSIZER 2000 MALVERN INSTRUMENT granulometer. In principle, the angular variation of light intensity is scattered as the laser beam passes through the sample of dispersed particles. Large particles scatter light at small angles to the laser beam from a red light source (Helium / Neon) with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and small particles scatter light at higher angles (source of blue light with a wavelength of the order of 466 nm. These data are analyzed to calculate the size of the particles that created the diffraction pattern through Mie's theory. The size of the particles is then represented by the diameter of the equivalent sphere, having the same volume as the particle. By convention, the optical properties required for the calculations have been defined as follows:
- Indice de réfaction de l'échantillon : 1 .68  - Refaction index of the sample: 1 .68
- Indice d'absorption de l'échantillon : 0.1  - Sample absorption index: 0.1
- Indice de réfaction du dispersant (air): 1 .00  - Dispersant index of the dispersant (air): 1 .00
De préférence, la composition selon l'invention comprend de 0,1 à 5 g/l en poids de polysaccharide, de préférence de 0,3 à 2 g/l en poids par rapport au poids de la composition hydraulique.  Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 5 g / l by weight of polysaccharide, preferably from 0.3 to 2 g / l by weight relative to the weight of the hydraulic composition.
De façon avantageuse, la composition hydraulique selon l'invention peut être utilisée en tant que mélange A dans les mortiers bi-composant. On entend dans le présent exposé par le terme « agent retardateur de prise » un composé qui a pour effet, lorsqu'il est ajouté à une composition hydraulique, de retarder son durcissement par prise hydraulique comparé à la même composition hydraulique dépourvu d'un tel agent. Ce retard de prise permet d'augmenter le temps ouvert de la composition hydraulique, c'est-à-dire la durée pendant laquelle elle est toujours fluide et manipulable. L'agent retardateur de prise permet d'assurer le maintien des propriétés rhéologiques, notamment de la consistance ou ouvrabilité, indiquées par la valeur de d'écoulement au cône de Marsh, pendant une durée prolongée. Advantageously, the hydraulic composition according to the invention can be used as mixture A in two-component mortars. The term "setting retarding agent" is used herein to mean a compound which, when added to a hydraulic composition, has the effect of delaying its setting by hydraulic setting compared to the same hydraulic composition without such a composition. agent. This setting delay makes it possible to increase the open time of the hydraulic composition, that is to say the time during which it is always fluid and manipulable. The setting retarding agent makes it possible to maintain the rheological properties, especially the consistency or workability, indicated by the flow value at the Marsh cone, for a prolonged period of time.
Parmi les agents retardateurs de prise appropriés pour des compositions selon l'invention, notamment de type Mélange A, on peut citer notamment les sucres et leurs dérivés, les acides carboxyliques ou hydroxycarboxyliques, les acides phosphoniques ainsi que leurs sels, les phosphates.  Suitable setting retarding agents for compositions according to the invention, especially of the Mixture A type, include, in particular, sugars and their derivatives, carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids and their salts, and phosphates.
Parmi les sucres, on peut mentionner en particulier le glucose et les gluconates, notamment gluconate de sodium.  Among the sugars, mention may in particular be made of glucose and gluconates, in particular sodium gluconate.
Parmi les acides carboxyliques ou hydroxycarboxyliques, ceux présentant un pKA compris entre 2 et 5 sont préférés. Particulièrement préférés sont l'acide acétique, l'acide gluconique, l'acide citrique, l'acide tartrique, l'acide malique et leurs sels et mélanges. L'acide citrique et l'acide gluconique et leurs sels et mélanges sont tout particulièrement préférés. Of the carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids, those having a pK A of from 2 to 5 are preferred. Particularly preferred are acetic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and their salts and mixtures. Citric acid and gluconic acid and their salts and mixtures are particularly preferred.
Parmi les acides phosphoniques et leurs sels, l'acide amino tri méthylène phosphonique (ATMP), l'acide éthylène diamine tétra méthylène phosphonique (EDTMP), l'acide 1 -hydroxyéthylidène -1 ,1 ,-diphosphonique (HEDP), et leurs sels, notamment sodiques, sont préférés. Among the phosphonic acids and their salts, amino triethylenphosphonic acid (ATMP), ethylene diamine tetra methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP), 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), and their salts, especially sodium, are preferred.
Parmi les phosphates, le tripolyphosphate de sodium et le pyrophosphate tétrapotassique sont préférés.  Of the phosphates, sodium tripolyphosphate and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate are preferred.
De préférence, l'agent retardateur de prise est choisi parmi les phosphonates, les sucres, de préférence les gluconates.  Preferably, the setting retarding agent is chosen from phosphonates, sugars, preferably gluconates.
Parmi ces retardateurs de prise, le gluconate de sodium et l'EDTMP et leurs mélanges sont particulièrement intéressants en termes de coûts / performance. La teneur en agent retardateur de prise dans la composition de l'invention est de préférence comprise dans les plages conventionnelles et est adaptée aux contraintes spécifiques de chaque chantier. De préférence, la prise ne doit pas survenir avant 72 heures après préparation de la composition selon l'invention (ou mélange A). Pour cela, l'agent retardateur de prise est de préférence utilisé à raison de 0,1 à 2% en poids sec du poids de liant hydraulique, de préférence 0,25 à 1 % en poids sec du poids de liant hydraulique.  Among these retarders, sodium gluconate and EDTMP and their mixtures are particularly interesting in terms of cost / performance. The content of retarding agent in the composition of the invention is preferably included in the conventional ranges and is adapted to the specific constraints of each site. Preferably, the setting should not occur before 72 hours after preparation of the composition according to the invention (or mixture A). For this, the setting retarding agent is preferably used in a proportion of 0.1 to 2% by dry weight of the weight of hydraulic binder, preferably 0.25 to 1% by dry weight of the weight of hydraulic binder.
On entend par le terme « liant hydraulique » tout composé ayant la propriété de s'hydrater en présence d'eau et dont l'hydratation permet d'obtenir un solide ayant des caractéristiques mécaniques, notamment un ciment tel qu'un ciment Portiand, ciment alumineux, ciment pouzzolanique ou encore un sulfate de calcium anhydre ou semi- hydraté. Le liant hydraulique peut être un ciment selon la norme EN197-1 (2001 ) et notamment un ciment Portiand, des additions minérales, notamment laitiers, ou un ciment comprenant des additions minérales. The term "hydraulic binder" is understood to mean any compound having the property of hydrating in the presence of water and whose hydration makes it possible to obtain a solid having mechanical characteristics, in particular a cement such as a cement Portiand, cement aluminous, pozzolanic cement or an anhydrous or semi-hydrated calcium sulphate. The hydraulic binder can be a cement according to EN197-1 (2001) and in particular a Portiand cement, mineral additions, especially dairy, or a cement comprising mineral additions.
On entend par « ciment » un ciment selon la norme EN 197-1 (2001 ) et notamment un ciment de type CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV ou CEM V selon la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012). Le ciment peut comprendre des additions minérales.  "Cement" means a cement according to EN 197-1 (2001) and in particular a cement of CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV or CEM V type according to NF EN 197-1 (2012) . The cement may include mineral additions.
L'expression « additions minérales » désigne les laitiers (tels que définis dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.2), les laitiers d'aciérie, les matériaux pouzzolaniques (tels que définis dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.3), les cendres volantes (telles que définies dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.4), les schistes calcinés (tels que définis dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.5), les calcaires (tels que définis dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.6) ou encore les fumées de silices (telles que définies dans la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012) paragraphe 5.2.7) ou leurs mélanges. D'autres ajouts, non actuellement reconnus par la norme Ciment NF EN 197-1 (2012), peuvent aussi être utilisés. Il s'agit notamment des métakaolins, tels que les métakaolins de type A conformes à la norme NF P 18-513 (août 2012), et des additions siliceuses, telles que les additions siliceuses de minéralogie Qz conformes à la norme NF P 18-509 (septembre 2012). The term "mineral additions" refers to slags (as defined in NF Cement Standard EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.2), steelmaking slags, pozzolanic materials (as defined in NF Cement Standard). EN 197-1 (2012) paragraph 5.2.3), fly ash (as defined in standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.4), calcined schists (as defined in NF Cement Standard) EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.5), limescale (as defined in standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.6) or fumed silica (as defined in the standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012) section 5.2.7) or their mixtures. Other additions, not currently recognized by the standard Cement NF EN 197-1 (2012), can also be used. These include metakaolins, such as type A metakaolins conforming to standard NF P 18-513 (August 2012), and siliceous additions, such as the siliceous additions of Qz mineralogy complying with the NF P 18-509 standard (September 2012).
De préférence, le ratio en poids eau/liant hydraulique est supérieur ou égal à 1 ,8, de préférence compris entre 2 et 10, de préférence entre 2,5 et 5. Preferably, the weight ratio water / hydraulic binder is greater than or equal to 1.8, preferably between 2 and 10, preferably between 2.5 and 5.
La composition hydraulique selon l'invention peut par ailleurs comprendre des additifs notamment un biocide et un anti-mousse, de préférence dans une quantité de 0,01 à 2% en poids par rapport au poids total de la composition. The hydraulic composition according to the invention may also comprise additives, in particular a biocide and an antifoam, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
La composition hydraulique selon l'invention peut également comprendre des argiles, telle que la sépiolite, la bentonite, la montmorillonite, la smectite, la kaolinite, la chlorite, l'illite. Sans vouloir être lié par une quelconque théorie, il est supposé que l'argile agit comme stabilisant de la composition hydraulique pour son utilisation comme mélange A dans les mortiers bi-composants. Cependant, de manière particulièrement surprenante, les inventeurs ont trouvé que l'ajout d'argile n'était pas nécessaire dans la composition hydraulique selon l'invention. Ainsi, de manière avantageuse, la composition hydraulique de l'invention est exempte d'argile. The hydraulic composition according to the invention may also comprise clays, such as sepiolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite, illite. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, it is assumed that the clay acts as a stabilizer of the hydraulic composition for its use as a mixture A in two-component mortars. However, particularly surprisingly, the inventors have found that the addition of clay was not necessary in the hydraulic composition according to the invention. Thus, advantageously, the hydraulic composition of the invention is free of clay.
La composition hydraulique selon l'invention comprend de préférence 0 à 8%, et en particulier 0,5 à 5% en poids sec d'argile.  The hydraulic composition according to the invention preferably comprises 0 to 8%, and in particular 0.5 to 5% by dry weight of clay.
De préférence, la composition selon l'invention est exempte de dispersant, notamment de polymère dispersant, tel que par exemple les PCP (polycarboxylate polyalkoxylé), polynaphtalène sulfonate, polymélamine sulfonate, lignosulfonate. Preferably, the composition according to the invention is free of dispersant, in particular of dispersing polymer, such as for example PCP (polyalkoxylated polycarboxylate), polynaphthalene sulphonate, polymelamine sulphonate, lignosulphonate.
Un autre objet de la présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un mortier de bourrage comprenant les étapes de : Another object of the present invention is a method for preparing a stuffing mortar comprising the steps of:
(a) préparation d'une composition hydraulique selon l'invention; et  (a) preparation of a hydraulic composition according to the invention; and
(b) ajout à la composition obtenue en (a) d'un mélange B comprenant un accélérateur de prise.  (b) adding to the composition obtained in (a) a mixture B comprising a setting accelerator.
La présente demande concerne également le mortier de bourrage ainsi obtenu ou « mortier bi-composant ».  The present application also relates to the filler mortar thus obtained or "two-component mortar".
On entend par le terme « mortier bi-composant » désigner des mortiers à base de liant hydraulique formulés en deux composants. Le composant appelé « Mélange A » présente une ouvrabilité prolongée et une aptitude au pompage permettant son acheminement depuis la centrale et stockage éventuel sur site. Juste avant mise en place, le mélange A est mélangé avec le mélange B comportant un accélérateur de prise lequel assure une gélification quasi immédiate et s'accompagne d'un développement de la résistance à la compression. Dans le cadre de la présente invention le mélange A est la composition hydraulique décrite ci-dessus. The term "two-component mortar" refers to mortars based on hydraulic binder formulated in two components. The component called "Mixture A" has a prolonged workability and a pumping ability allowing its routing from the plant and possible storage on site. Just before setting up, the mixture A is mixed with the mixture B comprising a setting accelerator which ensures almost immediate gelation and is accompanied by a development of the compressive strength. In the context of the present invention, the mixture A is the hydraulic composition described above.
L'accélérateur de prise permet d'assurer une solidification quasi immédiate du mortier ainsi qu'une montée rapide de la résistance en compression, sécurisant ainsi le positionnement des voussoirs. Parmi les agents accélérateurs de prise appropriés on peut citer notamment les accélérateurs de prise conventionnels tels que le nitrate de calcium et de sodium, le nitrite de calcium et de sodium, le thiocyanate de calcium et de sodium, le formiate de calcium et de sodium, le sulfate d'aluminium et le silicate de sodium. Parmi ces accélérateurs, le silicate de sodium est particulièrement préféré. Le mortier bi-composant selon l'invention est préparé de manière habituelle à partir d'une composition hydraulique selon l'invention comme mélange A et d'un mélange B. La formulation peut par ailleurs au besoin comporter une argile comme précisé précédemment, notamment une bentonite. Cependant, de façon avantageuse, le choix spécifique de la composition hydraulique selon l'invention en tant que mélange A peut permettre de s'affranchir de l'utilisation d'une argile. The setting accelerator ensures almost immediate solidification of the mortar as well as a rapid rise in compressive strength, thus securing the positioning of the segments. Among the suitable setting accelerating agents mention may in particular be made of conventional setting accelerators such as calcium and sodium nitrate, calcium and sodium nitrite, calcium and sodium thiocyanate, calcium and sodium formate, aluminum sulphate and sodium silicate. Among these accelerators, sodium silicate is particularly preferred. The two-component mortar according to the invention is prepared in the usual manner from a hydraulic composition according to the invention as mixture A and a mixture B. The formulation can also, if necessary, comprise a clay as specified above, in particular a bentonite. However, advantageously, the specific choice of the hydraulic composition according to the invention as mixture A may make it possible to dispense with the use of a clay.
Le mélange B est de préférence une formulation liquide comprenant au moins un accélérateur de prise en association avec des additifs éventuels par exemple antimousse, biocide, etc. Un mélange B sous forme de solution aqueuse est particulièrement préféré. The mixture B is preferably a liquid formulation comprising at least one setting accelerator in combination with possible additives, for example antifoam, biocide, etc. A mixture B in the form of an aqueous solution is particularly preferred.
Introduit dans une étape séparée, juste avant injection dans le vide annulaire, le mélange B est dosé en volume à hauteur de 8 à 12% du volume de composition hydraulique selon l'invention (mélange A). La préparation de la composition hydraulique selon l'invention et du mélange B et leur mélange peut se faire de manière conventionnelle. Introduced in a separate step, just before injection into the annular vacuum, the mixture B is dosed in volume at 8 to 12% of the volume of hydraulic composition according to the invention (mixture A). The preparation of the hydraulic composition according to the invention and of the mixture B and their mixing can be done in a conventional manner.
L'invention sera mieux comprise au moyen des exemples spécifiques donnés ci- après. [EXEMPLES] The invention will be better understood by means of the specific examples given below. [EXAMPLES]
Sauf indication contraire, tous les essais décrits ci-après sont réalisés à 20°C et à pression ambiante.  Unless otherwise indicated, all the tests described below are carried out at 20 ° C. and at ambient pressure.
A. Mesure du temps d'écoulement au cône de MARSH A. Measurement of the flow time at the cone of MARSH
la mesure du temps d'écoulement se mesure avec un cône de MARSH normalisé (capacité 1 ,5 litre, orifice de 4,8 mm de diamètre) selon le protocole suivant dérivé de ASTM C939-10 (Roussel et al., Cernent and Concrète Research, 2004) :  the measurement of the flow time is measured with a standardized MARSH cone (capacity 1, 5 liter, orifice of 4.8 mm diameter) according to the following protocol derived from ASTM C939-10 (Roussel et al., Cernent and Concrete Research, 2004):
o Obturer avec le doigt l'orifice inférieur d'écoulement du cône  o Close with finger the lower flow hole of the cone
o Verser le mortier à travers les mailles du tamis de sécurité jusqu'au repère (1500mL)  o Pour the mortar through the mesh of the safety screen up to the mark (1500mL)
o Ecouler quelques ml de mortier hors du récipient de réception pour chasser l'eau résiduelle puis obturer à nouveau l'orifice inférieur avec le doigt  o Pour a few ml of mortar out of the receiving container to flush out the residual water and then close the bottom hole with your finger again.
o Mettre en place le récipient de réception de capacité un litre sous l'orifice  o Place the capacity receptacle one liter under the orifice
o Déclencher le chronomètre au moment de l'ouverture de l'orifice  o Trigger the timer when opening the orifice
o Mesurer le temps nécessaire pour l'écoulement d'un litre de mortier  o Measure the time required for the flow of a liter of mortar
Le résultat est exprimé en s/L, avec une incertitude de mesure intrinsèque de ± 0,5 s/L. The result is expressed in s / L, with an intrinsic measurement uncertainty of ± 0.5 s / L.
B. Mesure de ressuaqe B. Measurement of effectiveness
la composition hydraulique étant très diluée, elle tend à sédimenter au cours du temps malgré le rôle structurant de la bentonite. La sédimentation est évaluée avec le protocole suivant dérivé de ASTM C940-10 :  the hydraulic composition being very diluted, it tends to sediment over time despite the structuring role of the bentonite. Sedimentation is evaluated with the following protocol derived from ASTM C940-10:
o Dans une éprouvette graduée en plastique de 200 mL, introduire 200 mL de mortier A au niveau du repère correspondant  o In a 200 mL plastic graduated cylinder, introduce 200 mL of mortar A at the corresponding mark.
o Laisser l'éprouvette au repos sur une surface sans vibration  o Leave the test piece at rest on a vibration-free surface
o Aux échéances souhaitées (3 h, 24 h, 48 h, et 72 h), mesurer le niveau du surnageant d'eau en notant la graduation associée  o At the desired times (3 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h), measure the level of the water supernatant by noting the associated graduation
o Calculer le niveau de ressuage :  o Calculate the bleeding level:
Graduation initiale - Graduation surnageant  Initial Graduation - Supernatant Graduation
R essuage =  R essuage =
Graduation initiale  Initial graduation
Le résultat de ressuage est exprimé en % volumique sur une moyenne entre deux mesures. L'incertitude peut être évaluée à ± 1 %. C. Polvsaccharides mis en œuyre dans les exemples The bleeding result is expressed as a% by volume on an average between two measurements. Uncertainty can be estimated to ± 1%. C. Polvsaccharides Applied in Examples
Tableau 1  Table 1
La granulométrie est mesurée tel que précisé plus haut.  The particle size is measured as specified above.
Le polysaccharide 4 présente une viscosité, mesurée à 20°C avec un appareil Rotovisko programmé sur un gradient de cisaillement entre 2 et 55 s"1 sur une solution aqueuse concentrée à 1 %, de 8600 mPa.s"1. The polysaccharide 4 has a viscosity, measured at 20 ° C. with a Rotovisko apparatus programmed on a shear rate of between 2 and 55 sec -1 on a 1% concentrated aqueous solution of 8600 mPa.s- 1 .
D. Compositions de mélange A selon l'invention  D. Mixing compositions A according to the invention
Tableau 2 Table 2
Des compositions hydrauliques, mélange A, ont été préparées. Ces compositions ont été préparées avec un malaxeur Rayneri muni d'une pale défloculeuse selon le mode opératoire suivant : Hydraulic compositions, mixture A, were prepared. These compositions were prepared with a Rayneri kneader equipped with a deflocculating blade according to the following procedure:
Dans un seau de 5 litres, on a introduit la quantité indiquée d'eau. Après avoir mis en route l'agitation à une vitesse de 1500 tours par minute (vitesse fixe pour toute la durée), on a ajouté l'agent retardateur de prise et on a agité pendant encore 30 secondes. Enfin, on a ajouté le ciment puis le polysaccharide selon l'invention et on a agité pendant encore 30 secondes.  In a bucket of 5 liters, the indicated amount of water was introduced. After stirring at a speed of 1500 rpm (fixed rate for the duration), the setting retarder was added and stirred for a further 30 seconds. Finally, the cement and the polysaccharide according to the invention were added and stirred for a further 30 seconds.
La formulation respective des coulis est indiquée dans le tableau 2 ci-dessus. The respective formulation of the slurries is shown in Table 2 above.
E. Résultats E. Results
Les résultats suivants sont obtenus pour les compositions hydraulique correspond aux essais 1 à 3 de l'invention  The following results are obtained for the hydraulic compositions corresponding to the tests 1 to 3 of the invention
Tableau 3  Table 3
Les résultats montrent que les compositions 1 , 2 et 3 selon l'invention présentent un taux de ressuage inférieur à 10% à 72h et un temps d'écoulement au cône de Marsh satisfaisant. L'essai 4 montre que le polysaccharide 4 ne stabilise pas correctement le mortier et un ressuage important est mesuré. F. Protocole du temps de qélification  The results show that compositions 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention have a bleeding rate of less than 10% at 72 h and a satisfactory Marsh cone flow time. Test 4 shows that the polysaccharide 4 does not stabilize the mortar correctly and a large bleed is measured. F. Time Protocol
Le temps de gélification est le temps que met le mortier A+B pour passer d'un état liquide à un gel. Le protocole de mélange du mélange A avec le mélange B est le suivant et est dérivé de Testing Procédures for Two-Component Annulus Grouts, Phil Antunes, North American Tunneling 2012 Proceedings, (Ed. : Matthew Fowler, Robert Palermo, Robert Pintabona, Michael Smithson, Jr. publié par SME, 2012) pages 14-22:  The gel time is the time that the mortar A + B has to go from a liquid state to a gel. The mixing protocol of Mixture A with Mixture B is as follows and is derived from Testing Procedures for Two-Component Annulus Grouts, Phil Antunes, North American Tunneling 2012 Proceedings, (Ed .: Matthew Fowler, Robert Palermo, Robert Pintabona, Michael Smithson, Jr. published by EMS, 2012) pages 14-22:
o Dans un bêcher de 1 ,5 litre, introduire un litre de composition hydraulique (mélange A) o Dans un second bêcher de 1 ,5 litre, introduire la quantité souhaitée d'accélérateuro In a 1.5 liter beaker, introduce a liter of hydraulic composition (mixture A) o In a second 1.5 liter beaker, introduce the desired amount of accelerator
B (de l'ordre de 8 à 10% du volume de mélange A) B (in the range of 8 to 10% of the mixing volume A)
o Déclencher le chronomètre et mélanger les deux composantes en versant d'un bêcher à l'autre avec une fréquence de l'ordre de quelques secondes  o Trigger the timer and mix the two components by pouring from one beaker to the other with a frequency of the order of a few seconds
o Dès que le mélange forme un gel qui ne peut plus être transvasé, arrêter le chronomètre et noter le temps de gélification.  o As soon as the mixture forms a gel that can no longer be decanted, stop the stopwatch and record the gel time.
Le temps de gélification s'exprime en secondes et est en général compris entre 10 et 30 secondes. The gelation time is expressed in seconds and is usually between 10 and 30 seconds.
Le temps de gélification pour l'essai 2 est de 17 secondes et celui de l'essai 3 est de 20 secondes.  The gel time for test 2 is 17 seconds and that for test 3 is 20 seconds.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . - Composition hydraulique comprenant : 1. - Hydraulic composition comprising:
- eau ;  - water;
- liant hydraulique ;  - hydraulic binder;
- au moins un agent retardateur de prise ;  at least one setting retarding agent;
- au moins un polysaccharide choisi parmi les gommes welan, les gommes diutan, ou leur mélange;  at least one polysaccharide chosen from welan gums, diutan gums, or their mixture;
le ratio en poids eau/liant hydraulique étant supérieur à 1 ,5. the weight ratio water / hydraulic binder being greater than 1, 5.
2. - Composition selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les gommes welan. 2. - Composition according to claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from welan gums.
3.- Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2 dans laquelle le polysaccharide est choisi parmi les polysaccharides présentant une granulométrie D90 inférieure à 300 μηι. 3.- composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2 wherein the polysaccharide is selected from polysaccharides having a particle size D90 less than 300 μηι.
4. - Composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 comprenant de 0,1 à 5 g/L, de préférence de 0,3 à 2 g/L, de polysaccharide. 4. - Composition according to one of claims 1 to 3 comprising from 0.1 to 5 g / L, preferably from 0.3 to 2 g / L, of polysaccharide.
5. - Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'agent retardateur de prise est choisis parmi : les sucres et leurs dérivés, les acides carboxyliques ou hydroxycarboxyliques, les acides phosphoniques ainsi que leurs sels, les phosphates. 5. - Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the setting retarding agent is chosen from: sugars and their derivatives, carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids and their salts, phosphates.
6. - Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le ratio en poids eau/liant hydraulique est supérieur ou égal à 1 ,8, de préférence compris entre 2 et 10, de préférence entre 2,5 et 5. 6. - Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ratio by weight water / hydraulic binder is greater than or equal to 1, 8, preferably between 2 and 10, preferably between 2.5 and 5 .
7. - Utilisation d'une composition hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 en tant que mélange A dans des mortiers de bourrage bi-composant. 7. - Use of a hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 as mixture A in bicomponent tamping mortars.
8. - Procédé de préparation d'un mortier de bourrage comprenant les étapes de : 8. - Method for preparing a stuffing mortar comprising the steps of:
(a) préparation d'une composition hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6; et (b) ajout à la composition obtenue en (a) d'un mélange B comprenant un accélérateur de prise. (a) preparing a hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6; and (b) adding to the composition obtained in (a) a mixture B comprising a setting accelerator.
9. - Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l'accélérateur de prise est choisi parmi le nitrate de calcium et de sodium, le nitrite de calcium et de sodium, le thiocyanate de calcium et de sodium, le formiate de calcium et de sodium, le sulfate d'aluminium et le silicate de sodium. 9. - Process according to claim 8, wherein the setting accelerator is selected from calcium and sodium nitrate, calcium and sodium nitrite, calcium and sodium thiocyanate, calcium formate and sodium , aluminum sulphate and sodium silicate.
10. - Mortier de bourrage bi-composant comprenant la composition hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. 10. - Two-component tamping mortar comprising the hydraulic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
EP18706535.4A 2017-02-28 2018-02-28 Hydraulic composition for grout Pending EP3589601A1 (en)

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DE102004039107A1 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-06-30 Anneliese Zementwerke Ag Filling material for the gap between a probe and the surrounding earth in a bore hole, comprises mineral clay, a binding agent, powder or granulate, and water
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WO2018158299A1 (en) 2018-09-07
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