EP3582939A1 - Method for producing a hydrophobic element and use thereof - Google Patents
Method for producing a hydrophobic element and use thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP3582939A1 EP3582939A1 EP18707109.7A EP18707109A EP3582939A1 EP 3582939 A1 EP3582939 A1 EP 3582939A1 EP 18707109 A EP18707109 A EP 18707109A EP 3582939 A1 EP3582939 A1 EP 3582939A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- hydrophobic
- renewable resources
- mixture
- covering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
- B27K3/0214—Drying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
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- B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
- B27N7/005—Coating boards, e.g. with a finishing or decorating layer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04D1/26—Strip-shaped roofing elements simulating a repetitive pattern, e.g. appearing as a row of shingles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
- E04D3/32—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of plastics, fibrous materials, or asbestos cement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0871—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having an ornamental or specially shaped visible surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/16—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of fibres or chips, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins, or with an outer layer of fibres or chips
Definitions
- the invention aims to produce a hydrophobic covering element from biosourced materials, and more particularly from organic materials from sustainably renewable resources.
- biobased material is meant a material derived from plant or animal biomass.
- Organic matter derived from sustainably renewable resources means all the chemical compounds formed by organic molecules found in natural environments, of terrestrial or aquatic origin, and whose stock can be reconstituted over a short period of time. human time, by renewing itself at least as quickly as it is consumed, for example the various animal resources of breeding or plant cultivated (biomass).
- the cover member may be used to cover at least a portion of an interior surface, such as a wall and / or ceiling, or a surface in contact with the exterior, such as a roof or cladding, in order to protect this surface from moisture or inclement weather.
- the cover element can be used as a finishing element and can be used in the field of decoration.
- wall finishing products consisting essentially of organic material from sustainably renewable resources, are mainly wallpapers made of a very fine layer of cellulose with or without the coating of a layer of plastics often expanded whose total thickness is less than 3 mm. These products are presented in roll form. They are applied to a wall by successive layers and glued on their entire surface.
- covering elements having a relief they are generally made of wood fibers chipboard type MDF glued with a synthetic resin, polystyrene foam or cork. Each of these matters has its own process. These elements are in the form of panels ranging from a few millimeters to a few centimeters thick.
- cellulose roofing elements impregnated with bitumen or thermosetting resins such as plates, implemented with a longitudinal and transverse overlap between them so to ensure the waterproofness of the roof, and with accessories such as ridge, flashing or shore, connected to these elements and able to cover singular points of the roof.
- Bitumen and thermosetting resins are derived from fossil resources whose use has an adverse effect on the environment and on humans.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or some of the disadvantages of the state of the art cited above by providing a method of manufacturing a hydrophobic covering element, and a hydrophobic recovery element, mainly or entirely from resources sustainably renewable, thus falling within the criteria of sustainable development and safety for man and the environment while remaining economical, and to ensure the sealing of the surface it covers.
- the covering and / or finishing of the surface are made from a covering element manufactured exclusively or almost from materials from sustainably renewable resources.
- the covering element according to the invention contributes to the sealing of the surfaces and makes it possible to prevent the risks of fire, to isolate noise or cold etc.
- the present invention aims at a method of manufacturing a hydrophobic covering element, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- step b) molding the mixture prepared in step a) to obtain a molded element
- step c) drying and densification of the molded element obtained in step b) to obtain a dried and densified element
- step c) Thorough impregnation of the dried and densified element obtained in step c), in a binder composed of organic materials from sustainably renewable resources to obtain a hydrophobic covering element.
- Binder means one or more organic materials from sustainably renewable resources capable of ensuring the cohesion of the fibers of the molded element and particularly effective in a humid environment, essentially because of its rheological properties.
- the hydrophobic element obtained by this process is thus entirely derived from sustainably renewable resources.
- the organic material used in step a) is insoluble in water and can be dispersed with stirring to be suspended in water. It ideally comprises molecules of size greater than 1 micrometer.
- the organic material used in step a) can be chosen from the group comprising, in a non-exhaustive manner:
- cellulose or hemicellulose extracted from vegetable fibers eg from wood, cotton, hemp, jute, flax, bamboo, abaca, coconut, sisal, grass and other grasses, algae, mushrooms,
- oilseed cakes or oil crops such as rapeseed, sunflower, flax, soybean, castor oil, peanut, sesame, cotton, crambe, hemp, jatropha and / or neem, waste from the agri-food industry or agriculture, such as grain waste, and in particular stalks and pods or husks of maize, wheat, bran, wheat, rye, rice or animal waste; fish industry,
- the organic material used in step a) is the cellulose fiber, preferably derived from recycled paper.
- the present invention seeks to limit the use of celluloses fibers directly from wood by employment fibers from recycled paper thus offering a second life to these materials.
- the organic material used in step a) is a mixture comprising at least one of the abovementioned organic materials and:
- vegetable proteins such as albumin, globulin, prolamine, glutelin, casein, collagen and / or keratin,
- plant fibers of any size and in particular of very small size less than 5 micrometers such as cellulose microfibrils or cellulose nano fibrils or nanocrystalline cellulose,
- biosynthesized polymers such as lignin
- polymeric compounds selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, polypeptides and galactoses such as pectins, pectic substances, agar-agar, chitin and / or chitosan, gum arabic, or derived from the fermentation of plant sugars such as polylactic acid and its derivatives or the polyhydroxyalkanoate family (PHA, PHB, PHBV 7), or a chemical reaction with a reagent such as cellulose esters, cereal flours, beet pulp and / or protein meal,
- a reagent such as cellulose esters, cereal flours, beet pulp and / or protein meal
- chitin is derived from fungi, crustaceans or insects.
- pigments of mineral or organic origin ideally derived from renewable materials are added in step a) in proportions of between 0.1 and 10% of the total mass of dry organic matter of step a).
- the quantity of water of the mixture of step a) is preferably greater than the amount of organic matter, the amount of organic material being advantageously between 1 and 20%.
- all or part of these organic materials from sustainably renewable resources may undergo, or have previously undergone, a mechanical treatment of the refining type making it possible to increase the number of physical bonds between them and thus enhancing the performance of the hydrophobic element.
- the element molded at the outlet of step b) contains between 20 and 35% of organic materials and between 80 and 65% of water. These compositions depend mainly on the type of organic materials used, the initial organic matter concentration of the mixture prepared in step a), the molding time, the water temperature and the molding method used.
- the molding step b) is advantageously carried out according to a vacuum molding process.
- This process consists in creating a depression inside a mold called forming mold immersed in the mixture prepared in step a), said forming mold having orifices preferably between 0.5 and 15 mm in size. mm, and more preferably 5 to 10 mm, and being lined with a fine mesh wire mesh whose mesh size is smaller than said orifices.
- step a) the mixture prepared in step a) is transferred and filtered to the surface of the wire cloth and the water is discharged through the orifices of the mold.
- the forming mold is preferably metal or plastic resistant to water and at temperatures up to 75 ° C.
- the forming mold is maintained in the mixture prepared in step a) for a time of between 0.5 and 10 seconds, depending on the initial concentration of organic matter and the desired thickness and weight for the element. to manufacture.
- the molding step b) is carried out by means of a preferably four-sided drum, comprising at least one forming mold on each of these faces, the molds preferably being identical to one another, the rotating drum in a predetermined time sequence so that each forming mold is immersed in the mixture prepared in step a).
- step c) of drying and densification is carried out by a pressing system comprising at least one pair of mold and counter-pressing mold.
- densification is meant the compacting of the molded element by pressing as the extraction of water.
- step c) of drying and densification can be carried out by a pressing system comprising at least one mold and at least one counter-pressing mold.
- the mold and countermold pair is depressurized, heated, and the mold and countermold are pressed against each other.
- Each mold and counter-pressing mold has orifices of size preferably between 3 and 10 mm.
- the element molded in step b) is transferred into said pressing system, each mold and counter-mold of the pressing system being put into position. vacuum under vacuum, being heated to a temperature preferably between 160 and 280 ° C, to evacuate the water contained in the molded element, and preferably between 200 and 280 ° C.
- the pressure applied between each mold and against-mold during the pressing against each other is preferably between 3 and 50 bar, and more preferably between 3 and 10 bar, in order to densify the molded element.
- the temperature and pressure depend on the amount or thickness of the element molded in step b) so as not to damage the organic material.
- the temperature of each mold and counter-pressing mold is about 180 ° C for molded element thicknesses of about 1 mm and is about 200 ° C and preferably 220 ° C for thicknesses of about 2 mm molded element and is about 280 ° C for molded element thicknesses of about 3 mm.
- the temperature of the molds and counter molds will have to be adjusted so that it is at least a few degrees higher at the temperature of the melting point of said polymer.
- the pressing system comprises several pressing molds and counter-molds.
- the temperature of each mold and pressing counter-mold is advantageously identical.
- each mold and pressing counter-mold is independently adjustable, so that the drying can follow a temperature profile depending on the amount of water remaining to be removed, thus preserving the organic matter and to optimize the power consumption.
- the pressure applied to each mold and pressing counter-mold is advantageously independently adjustable.
- Each pressing die and mold is preferably metal and heat resistant.
- the pressing system comprises a plurality of pressing molds and / or a plurality of pressing molds
- said molds are arranged in a horizontally aligned manner and said counter-molds are arranged above, also horizontally aligned.
- the pressing molds are movable vertically towards the pressing counter-molds, and the pressing molds are horizontally movable in order to move the molded element from one press mold to the other.
- the pressing system comprises two pressing molds and three pressing counter-molds.
- the pressing system comprises a plurality of pressing molds and a number of counter-pressing molds
- the pressing molds and counter-molds are arranged in a circle and able to move by rotation of said circle.
- each against-mold is located above and in line with a mold, so as to form mold and counter-mold couples.
- the mold and counter-mold of a couple move together.
- the pressing system then comprises several pairs of mold and counter-pressing mold, the pairs being arranged in a circle and able to move by rotation of said circle.
- Step c) comprises a series of drying and densification steps between a mold and a pressing counter-mold.
- the element molded in step b) is dried and densified in a single pair of mold and pressing counter-mold, during the rotation time of said carousel.
- the system named carousel limits the time lost during which no pressing and drying action is performed and which corresponds to the time when the vacuum and the pressure are stopped and where the transfers are made. This loss of processing time of the material is advantageously reduced thanks to this carousel assembly.
- the circular transfer system With a similar number of molds and against-mold, the circular transfer system makes it possible to increase the productivity by adding to the rectilinear system.
- step b) The element molded in step b) is advantageously transferred into the pressing system by means of a counter-mold, said counter-transfer mold.
- step c) comprises additional drying in a hot air oven or in the infrared or microwave or at high frequency.
- This additional drying is optionally continuous, the element molded in step b) being transported on a conveyor entering and leaving on either side of the furnace.
- Complementary drying improves productivity by maximizing the production volume of a manufacturing unit.
- the drying temperature is adjustable so that the drying can adapt to the amount of water to be extracted according to the parameters measured in line and the weight of the element to be obtained.
- step c) of drying for elements molded in step b) comprising between 80 and 50% of water, in order to evacuate a certain quantity of water and to increase the temperature of the water. water remaining in the molded element.
- this complementary drying is performed after a first step of drying and densification of the molded element, by a first pair of mold and against mold.
- Step c) advantageously comprises a final drying step of the element, carried out in a hot air oven or an infrared oven or a microwave or a high frequency oven.
- the final drying step of the element is carried out by drying between a mold and a counter-mold with a preliminary humification step by spraying water on both sides of the element.
- the final drying step makes it possible to bring the amount of organic matter between 75 and 100%.
- Step c) is thus carried out by means of a pressing and heating mold and counter mold system ensuring the sequential linear or sequential transfer of the element with adjustable pressures and temperatures or by a combination of this system with one or more additional drying with hot air or with infrared or microwave or high frequency.
- the impregnation at heart (step d)) consists in immersing the dried and densified element obtained in step c) in the binder composed of organic materials from sustainably renewable resources, at a temperature advantageously between 150 and 220 ° C, and preferably between 170 and 190 ° C.
- the viscosity of the binder is reduced so that it can properly impregnate the element obtained in step c).
- the viscosity of the binder is advantageously less than 500 MPa at a temperature of 160 ° C.
- the softening temperature of the binder is between 10 and 150 ° C or advantageously between 20 and 80 ° C, and preferably 45 ° C.
- the organic material of the binder can be:
- Kraft-type conifers such as Tall-oil, Tall-oil pitch, Tall-oil fatty acids and their derivatives, tall oil resins and their derivatives, rosin resins and their derivatives,
- lipids such as the preferentially unsaturated fatty acids and more generally vegetable or animal oils, such as castor oil, tung oil, linseed oil, beaver oil,
- polymeric compounds selected from the group consisting of polysaccharides, polypeptides and galactoses such as pectins, pectic substances, agar-agar, chitin and / or chitosan, gum arabic, tannins or derived from the fermentation of plant sugars such as polylactic acid and its derivatives or the polyhydroxyalkanoate family (PHA, PHB, PHBV ...), or a chemical reaction with a reagent such as cellulose esters,
- chitin is derived from fungi, crustaceans, or insects.
- the organic material of the binder is a mixture comprising at least one of the abovementioned organic materials, referred to as the main organic material, and other organic materials derived from sustainably renewable, so-called secondary resources, such as:
- biosynthesized polymers derived from renewable resources such as lignins, polylactic acid PLA and its derivatives or the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA, PHB, PHBV ”).
- phospholipids such as lecithin
- the binder comprises between 20 and 100%, preferably between 50 and 100%, and more preferably between 65 and 95% or between 80 and 100% by weight of main organic material. As a reminder, this main organic material comes from sustainably renewable resources.
- the binder may advantageously contain an antioxidant and / or a drying agent, between 0.1% and 5% by weight of the binder.
- the binder consists of an organic material, derived from sustainably renewable resources, in liquid form between 20 and 150 ° C or a mixture of organic materials from sustainably renewable resources, the mixture being in form liquid between 20 and 150 ° C.
- composition of the binder depends on the type of exposure to which the hydrophobic element will be subjected for the performance of the latter to be maintained, for example in cold, temperate, hot, or tropical climate.
- Tall oil and its derivatives are residues of the treatment of softwoods during the manufacture of papers according to the Kraft process.
- Tall oil derivatives are, for example, non-volatile residues, called tall-oil pitch, obtained after saponification and acidification of tall oil.
- the binder is a vegetable binder composed of tall oil derivatives, such as tall oil pitch.
- the rosin resin and the terpenes are obtained from the vegetable resin extracted from the resinous trees by the tapping operation (incision under the bark of the tree allowing the resin to flow) or from the residues resulting from the manufacture of papers according to the Kraft process.
- the binder comprises 75% by weight of tall oil pitch, 15% of phenolic terpene resin and 10% of adjuvants such as vegetable wax or linseed oil.
- the binder comprises 49% by weight of phenolic terpene resin, 49% of low viscosity esterified rosin resin and 2% of antioxidant and tannins.
- the binder is prepared beforehand batchwise or continuously, preferably under an inert atmosphere.
- the preparation of the binder comprises heating the main organic material to a temperature of at least 150 ° C, and continuously mixing it with the secondary organic material heated to 150 ° C in a static mixer.
- An alternative is to mix the main organic material, preheated to 150 ° C, with the secondary organic material in a screw or helical kneader heated to 150 ° C.
- the binder thus obtained supplies the impregnating tank in a closed circuit.
- the element obtained in step c) has a total amount of materials of at least 97% so as not to cause excessive evaporation of water during its impregnation.
- impregnation time is between 5 and 30 minutes, or between 10 and 30 minutes, and preferably between 10 and 20 minutes or 15 and 20 minutes.
- An alternative is to create the vacuum in an impregnating tank containing the elements before immersing them in the binder and then creating an overpressure during the impregnation so as to accelerate the impregnation step. Then the binder is gradually removed from the tank by a pumping system before leaving the impregnated element.
- progressively is meant a regular linear speed of emptying the impregnation tray less than 1 meter per minute, or preferably less than 30 cm per minute.
- the rate of emptying is the rate at which the element passes through the free surface of the binder.
- each element is stored upright in the impregnation tank, so as to present its thickness to the free surface of the binder.
- the free surface of the binder follows the length of the element during the emptying of the impregnation vessel.
- the invention is part of a sustainable development approach by valuing the residues from the Kraft papermaking process.
- the manufacturing method comprises an additional step e) of coating the hydrophobic element obtained in step d) with a coating.
- Step e) is called the finishing step.
- the coating is one or more layers of a finishing material, such as a paint, selected from the group consisting of materials based on mineral pigments and mineral fillers, organic biobased pigments from sustainably renewable resources of raw materials. base of vegetable resins derived from biomass, materials based on synthetic resins.
- a finishing material such as a paint
- the coating comprises inorganic pigments or organic pigments from renewable materials and mineral fillers.
- the coating comprises organic resins from sustainably renewable resources.
- the coating comprises synthetic resins such as acrylic resins.
- a flame retardant and / or hydrophobic treatment is carried out in step a) and / or in step d) and / or in step e).
- a flame retardant and / or hydrophobic treatment can be carried out in step a) and / or during the impregnation step and / or during finishing (step e) above).
- materials capable of imparting flame retardant and / or hydrophobic properties are added at these stages.
- the invention furthermore relates to a hydrophobic element for covering at least a part of a surface, such as a wall and / or a ceiling and / or a surface in contact with the outside, said element being of developable shape or not -developable and comprising an upside down contacting said surface and a visible location, characterized in that it comprises more than 90%, and preferably more than 99%, organic matter from sustainably renewable resources.
- developer form means a form that can be applied on a plane in the sense of differential geometry.
- a developable form can be deployed along a generator having the same plane tangent thereto.
- the hydrophobic covering element has a low impact on the environment; it has because of its constitution a low weight facilitating its implementation, resistance to water and thermal and mechanical stresses, as part of a roof covering for example.
- hydrophobic element a hydrophobic covering element
- the hydrophobic element can take a multitude of developable or non-developable forms in order to adapt to the local architecture or to propose innovative forms.
- the hydrophobic element is preferably of non-developable form.
- the hydrophobic element is able to cover a surface, such as a wall, a ceiling or a roof.
- the visible place is likely to have a relief with a decorative appearance.
- the visible location of the hydrophobic element may have various visual aspects constituting objects and forms of decoration, such as reliefs with multiple shapes that can cover at least a portion of the surface of a wall, a ceiling or roof.
- the hydrophobic element is adapted to withstand climatic constraints such as sun, wind, rain, snow, etc. This aspect is very advantageous for covering a surface in contact with the outside such as a roof.
- the hydrophobic element contains no bitumen or assimilated product.
- the hydrophobic element is obtained according to the method described above.
- the binder impregnation rate is between 30 and 60%, or 40 and 55%, and preferably between 45 and 50% depending on the thickness and the density of the element.
- the impregnation rate of the binder is defined as the amount of binder divided by the amount of dried and densified element obtained in step c) plus the amount of binder.
- the proportion of synthetic materials or materials from sustainably renewable resources deposited in coating during step e) represents less than 10% of the total amount of materials used to make the hydrophobic element.
- the invention also relates to the use of a hydrophobic covering element for covering at least a portion of a surface in contact with the outside, such as a roof or cladding.
- the invention also relates to the use of a hydrophobic covering element as an object of decoration chosen in particular in the group comprising friezes, complaints, moldings, decorative panels.
- the hydrophobic element can also be used to camouflage cables or alarm or security devices, such as useful sensors in the event of a break-in or fire.
- it can include besides the reliefs on the place, housing both at the level of the place and its back.
- the hydrophobic element can therefore be used as a covering element of a roof, a wall, a gantry, for example.
- the element is laid on a frame with a slope of at least 12 ° by spacing ribs of 480 mm so that each hydrophobic element is carried by three cleats (one at each end and one at center of the hydrophobic element).
- the fixing of the hydrophobic element is carried out with nails, such as plastic head nails, or screws such as plastic head screws.
- nails or screw molded heads are preferred.
- hydrophobic elements are positioned on a frame so that they seal the roof.
- the hydrophobic element according to the invention can be in various forms having a height of relief ranging from a few millimeters up to 20 centimeters and whose thickness can be adapted according to its exposure to a risk of stress.
- the thickness may vary for example from 0.5 to 6 mm and the height of the relief from 1 to 200 mm.
- a hydrophobic element intended to be applied to a ceiling will have a thickness of, for example, 1 mm, whereas a hydrophobic element applied to a wall and exposed to passage and to occasional shocks will have a greater thickness by example of 3 mm.
- the dimensions of the hydrophobic element depend on its application.
- a frieze or a molding it may be circular in shape with a diameter ranging from a few millimeters to for example 600 mm or a rectilinear shape with a length of a few millimeters to for example 1000 mm and a width of a few millimeters to for example 600 mm.
- a frieze or a decorative panel it may be of different shapes but preferably rectangular and for example of dimension 600 x 1000 mm. In this case it can cover the entire wall, each element being placed edge to edge.
- the hydrophobic element may be applied to the surface with a double-sided adhesive or with a glue to be coated on the back of the element or on the surface to be covered.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front view illustrating steps a) and b) of the method of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic front view of a forming mold used during step b) of the process of the invention
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views illustrating variants of step b) of the method of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view from above illustrating step c) of the method of the invention.
- FIG. 6a is a diagrammatic front view of a pressing mold used in step c) of the method of the invention.
- Figure 6b is a schematic top view of the mold of Figure 6a.
- FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view from above of an example of a hydrophobic roof covering element
- FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic front view of a variant of FIG. 7.
- Figure 9 shows an example of a hydrophobic wall covering element viewed from above.
- FIG. 10 represents a wall being covered by hydrophobic elements of FIG. 9.
- the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
- step b) molding the mixture prepared in step a) to obtain a molded element, c) drying and densification of the molded element obtained in step b) to obtain a dried and densified element,
- the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a hydrophobic element.
- Steps a) and b) of preparing a mixture M of water and cellulose fibers, and molding said mixture are illustrated in Figure 1.
- a mixture M of water and 1 to 20% of cellulose fibers is prepared in a tank 1 at a temperature between 10 and 75 ° C and preferably between 35 and 45 ° C.
- a so-called forming mold 2 (shown in more detail in FIG. 2) is then immersed under vacuum in the vessel 1 containing the mixture M so that a portion P of the mixture M is transferred onto said mold.
- the forming mold 2 is disposed on a drum or shaft 3 with four faces 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, each having a mold 2.
- the drum 3 then successively rotates 90 ° around a central axis X so that each mold of each face 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D is immersed in the vessel 1 containing the mixture M.
- the rotational speed of the drum 3 is of the order of 1.5 to 30 revolutions / min.
- Part P of the mixture M transferred to the surface of each mold 2 is then molded under vacuum, so as to obtain a molded element E.
- the molded element E is then transferred to the surface of a transfer mold 4, under vacuum, placed on a plate 40 above the drum 3.
- This step of transferring the molded element E is possible thanks to the creation of an overpressure (stop vacuum) in the mold 2 comprising the molded element E, and a vacuum (vacuum) in the counter mold of transfer 4.
- the molding step consists of:
- the mold 2 of the face 3A is empty.
- a fourth rotation of the drum 3 by 90 ° in the clockwise direction makes it possible to position the face 3A perpendicular to the vessel 1, then the steps described above are repeated so as to mold several elements E.
- the vacuum created inside the mold 2 makes it possible to maintain the portion P of the mixture M on the surface of the mold 2.
- Figure 2 shows that each mold 2 has orifices 20 and is lined with a fabric, said backdrop 21, metal.
- the orifices 20 have a thickness of between 3 and 10 mm.
- the backdrop 21 has meshes smaller than the orifices 20.
- a mold 2 is immersed under vacuum in the vessel 1 comprising the mixture M and then the mold 2. having a portion P of the mixture M, performs a vertical translational movement along the arrow F'1 out of the mold 2 of the vessel 1.
- the mold 2 performs a horizontal translational movement towards a conveyor belt (not shown), according to the arrow F'2, until a molded element E.
- the molded element E is then deposited on the conveyor belt (not shown), after creating an overpressure (stop vacuum) in the mold 2.
- the mold 2 is suspended from a plate 40 'by elements allowing its vertical and horizontal displacement.
- the conveyor belt moves the molded element E towards a pressing system 6 ( Figure 5).
- a mold 2 is immersed under vacuum in the vessel 1 comprising the mixture M, then the mold 2 performs a vertical translational movement along the arrow F "1 and a movement of 180 ° rotation along the arrow F "2, so as to present the molded element E facing a transfer mold-against 4 as described with reference to Figure 1.
- FIG. 5 shows that the molded element E is transferred to a carousel pressing system 6.
- the carousel pressing system 6 comprises four mold couples 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D 70 (FIGS. 6a, 6b) and counter-mold (not shown) for pressing.
- the molded element E is transferred into a first mold pair 7A and counter-pressing mold in which the mold and the counter-mold are pressurized against each other, under vacuum, the molds and against mold being heated to a temperature of between 160 and 280 ° C.
- the carousel pressing system 6 then carries out a rotation sequence of 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction, arrows R1, R2, R3, R4, so that each pair 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D can receive a molded element E.
- a rotation sequence of 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction, arrows R1, R2, R3, R4 so that each pair 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D can receive a molded element E.
- the pair 7A has made three rotations of 90 °, a dried and densified element S is obtained.
- the mold and counter-mold of the pair 7A deviate from one another and the dried and densified element S is transferred to the impregnation stage (not shown).
- each pressing mold 70 has orifices 72 of size preferably between 3 and 10 mm.
- Each counter mold also has orifices and nozzles.
- the invention will be more particularly described with respect to a hydrophobic roof covering element, or a hydrophobic roof covering element, without being limited to such an application.
- Root covering element means an element capable of covering at least a portion of the surface of a roof.
- roof covering element will designate both the main elements of roof covering, such as plates or tiles, as accessories, such as ridge, flashing or shore.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a hydrophobic element H obtained following the impregnation stage (not shown).
- the hydrophobic element H is intended for roof application.
- the plate is in the form of a corrugated plate, with a place 1 1 visible and an opposite side.
- the plate is substantially parallelepipedal, of length "L” equal to 1020 mm, width "W” equal to 665 mm, thickness "T” equal to 2.5 mm and non-developable shape.
- Each row of tiles 8 is separated by a projection 9 and the tiles 8 of the same row are interconnected by a groove 10.
- FIG. 8 shows a variant H 'of the hydrophobic element H of FIG. 7.
- the hydrophobic element H ' is intended to be used as a ridge or ridge accessory.
- Its longitudinal direction consists of four tiles 8 nested longitudinally.
- FIG. 9 represents another example of a hydrophobic element H "covering, with width" W “" length “L” “and thickness” T “", seen from above.
- the hydrophobic element H “comprises a visible location 1 1 comprising a relief 12 consisting of a spindle shape repeated six times.
- Figure 10 shows the laying of hydrophobic elements H "on a surface 13 constituted by a wall, the hydrophobic elements H" are those represented in FIG. 9.
- the hydrophobic elements H are those represented in FIG. 9.
- the arrows p1 and p2 in Figure 10 indicate the direction of installation to finish completely covering the wall 13.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1751187A FR3062811B1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2017-02-14 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A HYDROPHOBIC ELEMENT AND ITS USE |
FR1751177A FR3062863A1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2017-02-14 | SURFACE COVERING ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
PCT/FR2018/050342 WO2018150132A1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-02-13 | Method for producing a hydrophobic element and use thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3582939A1 true EP3582939A1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
Family
ID=61274291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18707109.7A Withdrawn EP3582939A1 (en) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-02-13 | Method for producing a hydrophobic element and use thereof |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200101636A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3582939A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110545973A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112019016803A2 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2729367C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018150132A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2587897B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-03-09 | Sundeala Ltd | A method of production |
FR3117059B1 (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-03-31 | Dreuille Jean De | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A PLYWOOD OBJECT |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2215245A (en) * | 1935-07-03 | 1940-09-17 | United States Gypsum Co | High-strength compressed fiber product |
US2342611A (en) * | 1940-11-18 | 1944-02-22 | United States Gypsum Co | Cellulosic product |
FR1031671A (en) * | 1949-11-25 | 1953-06-25 | Hard plate for constructions and method for the manufacture of such plates | |
DE4406639A1 (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1995-09-21 | Caspari Klaus J | Process for the production of moldings from cellulose-containing, vegetable material and their use |
US6345481B1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2002-02-12 | Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. | Article with interlocking edges and covering product prepared therefrom |
US8293072B2 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2012-10-23 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Belt-creped, variable local basis weight absorbent sheet prepared with perforated polymeric belt |
JP4354421B2 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2009-10-28 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | Manufacturing method of fiber molded body |
GB0425691D0 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2004-12-22 | Hepworth David G | Improved biocomposite material |
RU2331532C2 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2008-08-20 | Физический факультет Московского государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова | Water repellent element and method of hydrophobic coating producing |
EP2283190B1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2020-11-11 | Noble Environmental Technologies Corporation | Engineered molded fiberboard panels, methods of making the panels, and products fabricated from the panels |
JP5638841B2 (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2014-12-10 | 株式会社ダイフレックス | One-component polyurethane resin composition for preventing stripping of concrete pieces and tiles and method for preventing stripping of concrete pieces and tiles using the same |
FR2969671B1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-12-28 | Onduline Sa | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A ROOF COVERING ELEMENT OF VEGETABLE FIBERS MOLDED IN PRESS AND IMPREGNATED WITH BITUMEN, IN PARTICULAR A FACTOR, FLASHING, COSTIERE, ARETIER. |
FR2987718B1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2014-03-14 | Fertil | BIODEGRADABLE POT DRYING PLANT, MANUFACTURING PLANT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME, AND BIODEGRADABLE POT OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION |
-
2018
- 2018-02-13 RU RU2019128451A patent/RU2729367C1/en active
- 2018-02-13 BR BR112019016803A patent/BR112019016803A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-02-13 CN CN201880025087.4A patent/CN110545973A/en active Pending
- 2018-02-13 US US16/484,522 patent/US20200101636A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-02-13 EP EP18707109.7A patent/EP3582939A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-02-13 WO PCT/FR2018/050342 patent/WO2018150132A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110545973A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
WO2018150132A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
RU2729367C1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
BR112019016803A2 (en) | 2020-04-07 |
US20200101636A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
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