EP3582290B1 - Load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3582290B1
EP3582290B1 EP19178171.5A EP19178171A EP3582290B1 EP 3582290 B1 EP3582290 B1 EP 3582290B1 EP 19178171 A EP19178171 A EP 19178171A EP 3582290 B1 EP3582290 B1 EP 3582290B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
spring
side wall
cell
cell package
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19178171.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3582290A1 (en
Inventor
Helge Herten
Henning Volkmar
Bastian Schaar
Frank Wesche
Jörg Kaufmann
Volker Hohm
Tobias Ströhlein
Krino Bornemann
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication of EP3582290A1 publication Critical patent/EP3582290A1/en
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Publication of EP3582290B1 publication Critical patent/EP3582290B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with a load-bearing battery module.
  • Electric vehicles and the majority of hybrid vehicles have an electric motor, which is designed in particular to drive the vehicle.
  • Different concepts are known for providing the electrical energy required for this.
  • the electrical energy can be generated directly, for example using a fuel cell.
  • Alternative concepts are based on storing electrical energy in batteries, especially high-voltage batteries.
  • module housings are continuously being developed to protect the battery cells or cell packs containing several battery cells from external influences.
  • the aim of developing such module housings is to maximize the volume of the battery cells and to minimize the dimensions of the module housing used to protect the battery cells, so that sufficient protection is provided against predefined mechanical load cases.
  • the module housing To achieve the maximum power and energy density, structural components of the module housing must be designed to save space and, if possible, without redundancies. At the same time, in addition to the installation space for the battery cells or cell packs, sufficient installation space must be provided within the module housing for electrical cables and control devices. It should also be taken into account that the battery cells have the best possible quality have thermal contact with a cooling device of the battery module. Age-related expansion effects of the battery cells or cell packs, which are also referred to as “swelling”, must also be taken into account and appropriate design measures must be taken to reduce swelling.
  • module housings which have particularly rigid components, in particular a module base and/or module cover. Furthermore, known module housings often have a structure, in particular with one or more additional webs, which is designed to dissipate forces between the module cover and the module base.
  • a particular disadvantage of a generic module housing is that deformation of the cell pack cannot always be avoided when the module housing is subjected to specific mechanical loads, so that the risk of the battery cells igniting or exploding is increased.
  • the cell package can be surrounded by an inner housing or cage in order to generate a counterforce that opposes the swelling.
  • the disadvantage here is that external mechanical loads can often be transferred to the cell pack via the housing or the cage, so that the cell pack can be damaged as a result.
  • the DE 10 2008 034 876 A1 and DE 10 2009 058 070 A1 relate to battery modules in which a cooling plate is clamped to the cell pack by means of a spring device to ensure improved cooling of the battery cells.
  • the disadvantage here is that the battery cells are only moderately protected from external mechanical influences. From the CN 204 271 155 U , US 2016/276718 A1 , EP 2 421 069 A1 and WO 2013/070593 A1 Other battery housings and battery cells are known.
  • the above tasks are solved by the patent claims. Accordingly, the tasks are solved by a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle with the features of independent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle with the features of independent claim 7. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the battery module according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the motor vehicle according to the invention and vice versa, so that reference is or can always be made to each other with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention. According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle.
  • the battery module has a module housing with module side walls, a module base and a module cover and a cell pack with several battery cells arranged within the module housing.
  • at least one spring device is arranged between at least a first module side wall and the cell stack, the spring device being designed to press the cell stack in the direction of a second module side wall opposite the first module side wall to form a deformation space between the first module side wall and the cell stack.
  • a cooling device for dissipating heat from the cell pack is arranged between the cell pack and the module cover.
  • a spring device is arranged between the module base and the cell stack, the spring device being designed to press the cell stack in the direction of the module cover to form a deformation space between the module base and the cell stack.
  • a support device is arranged within the module housing, which extends between the module cover and the module base.
  • the upper supporting end is supported against the module cover or the cooling device arranged between the module cover and the cell packs.
  • the lower supporting end is supported against the spring device arranged between the module base and the cell packs.
  • a load-bearing battery module is understood to mean a battery module which offers the cell packs arranged therein improved protection against external mechanical stresses, in particular in the event of a vehicle crash of the motor vehicle.
  • the battery module has the module housing.
  • the module housing has a module base and a module cover.
  • the module side walls are arranged between the module cover and the module base.
  • the module housing has at least two module side walls.
  • the module housing preferably has four side walls. More preferably, the module housing is designed in the shape of a cuboid.
  • the module base and/or the module cover and/or the module side walls are designed as a closed element in order to provide the cell package with improved and consistent protection from external influences. More preferably, the module base and/or the module cover and/or the module side walls are designed to convert kinetic energy into deformation energy.
  • the spring device is arranged between the first module side wall and the cell pack and is designed to press the cell pack in the direction of the second module side wall.
  • the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack.
  • a pressure distribution device in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack.
  • the spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the first module side wall, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the first module side wall.
  • the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack.
  • a pressure distribution device in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack.
  • the spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the module base, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the module base. This has the advantage that in the event of a plastic deformation of the module floor, in particular as a result of a vehicle crash, there is little or no additional tension on the spring device, since the deformation of the central area is always greater than a deformation of the edge areas of the module floor due to the design.
  • Such a battery module has the advantage that improved protection of the cell pack from external forces can be achieved using simple means and in a cost-effective manner is provided. Furthermore, such a spring device is advantageous if the battery module has a cooling device between the module cover and the cell pack, since the cell pack can be pressed against the cooling device by means of the spring device and the cooling of the cell pack can thereby be improved.
  • the battery module preferably has several cell packs, which are separated from one another by the support device.
  • the support device has an upper support end and a lower support end, with the upper support end facing the module cover and the lower support end facing the module base.
  • the support device is designed as a cooling device for dissipating heat from the cell packs.
  • the support device for heat dissipation contacts a cooling device arranged adjacent to the module cover.
  • the support device preferably has a shape which reduces buckling of the support device under mechanical pressure load.
  • the support device therefore preferably has a relatively high axial moment of resistance.
  • a support device has the advantage that deformation of the module cover and the module base in the direction of the cell stack can be supported, so that the extent of the deformation can be reduced. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell package can be reduced using simple means and in a cost-effective manner.
  • the deformation space Due to the cell stack being pushed away from the first module side wall by means of the spring device, the deformation space is formed between the first module side wall and the cell stack.
  • the deformation space is a free space which is designed to accommodate sections of a deformed first module side wall.
  • the battery module is preferably designed in such a way that the spring device does not press the cell pack directly against the second module side wall, but against a support device which is arranged between the second module side wall and the cell pack in such a way that a deformation space is also formed between the support device and the second module side wall .
  • the support device can, for example, have an intermediate wall, which is preferably supported against the second side wall via support elements and/or held on the module base and/or module cover.
  • the support device can have a foam which is used to distribute forces the largest possible contact area of the cell pack is designed to reduce the risk of damage to the cell pack in the event of a vehicle crash.
  • the cooling device is preferably designed in such a way that it contacts the largest possible area of the cell pack in order to enable maximum heat transfer from the cell pack to the cooling device. Further preferably, the cooling device has a material with a relatively high thermal conductivity coefficient, so that heat removal from the cell package is improved.
  • a cooling device has the advantage that cooling of the cell pack can be improved and thus the risk of damage to the cell pack due to overheating can be significantly reduced.
  • a battery module according to the invention for a motor vehicle has the advantage over conventional battery modules that a deformation space adjacent to the cell pack is provided with simple means and in a cost-effective manner, which ensures improved protection of the cell pack against external mechanical stresses, in particular due to a vehicle crash.
  • the defined and flat compression of the cell pack by the spring device has the advantage that the swelling of the cell pack is reduced.
  • the at least one spring device has a coil spring and/or a plate spring.
  • the coil spring or plate spring is preferably arranged on an edge region of the cell package and the module side wall, since in the event of external mechanical stress on the module housing, the greatest deformation of the module side walls occurs in central regions of the module side walls. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell package due to deformation of a module side wall is reduced.
  • a pressure distribution device for distributing the spring force over a side surface of the cell stack is arranged between the spring device and the cell stack. The risk of damage to the cell pack by the spring device can therefore be reduced.
  • a coil spring and a disc spring are inexpensive to produce and easy to assemble. In addition, such springs can be used to provide a defined compressive force on the cell package.
  • the at least one spring device has a spring plate.
  • the spring plate preferably has edge regions which are supported against edge regions of the module side wall.
  • the spring plate has a central area, which preferably contacts at least one side of the cell package in a flat manner.
  • the spring plate has a greater thickness in the central area and thus a higher rigidity than in the edge areas in order to counteract buckling in the central area.
  • Such a spring plate can be produced, for example, using a tailored drawn process.
  • a spring plate Due to the surface contact of the cell pack by the spring plate, the spring force of the spring plate can be better transferred to the cell pack. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell pack by the spring device can be reduced.
  • a spring plate is inexpensive to produce and easy to assemble.
  • a defined compressive force can be provided on the cell package using a spring plate.
  • a spring device is arranged between the second module side wall and the cell pack, wherein the spring device is designed to press the cell pack in the direction of the first module side wall to form a deformation space between the second module side wall and the cell pack.
  • the battery module has a spring device on opposite module side walls.
  • the two spring devices are symmetrical or at least substantially symmetrical, in particular mirror-symmetrical, to one another.
  • the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack.
  • a pressure distribution device in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack.
  • the spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the second module side wall, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the second module side wall.
  • Such a battery module has the advantage that an alignment of the cell pack within the module housing can be achieved using simple means and reliably via a balance of forces of the spring devices is. In addition, the risk of damage to the cell package is further reduced since a maximum force that can be transmitted from the outside to the cell package is limited by the spring devices.
  • At least two spring devices are designed as a monolithic spring device.
  • a monolithic design is understood in particular to mean that the two spring devices are formed in one piece with one another.
  • the monolithic spring device is composed of individual spring devices which are connected to one another in a cohesive and/or form-fitting manner, in particular welded.
  • Such spring devices are easy to manufacture and can be mounted between the module housing and the cell pack using simple means and inexpensively, so that the manufacturing costs of the battery module can be reduced.
  • the support device is arranged parallel to two opposite module side walls and/or perpendicular to the module base and/or module cover.
  • the support device is designed to provide improved relief for the module side walls or the module cover and the module floor, particularly in the event of a vehicle crash. This further reduces the risk of damage to the cell package.
  • the object is achieved by a motor vehicle.
  • the motor vehicle has an electric motor for driving the motor vehicle and a battery module according to the invention for providing electrical energy for operating the electric motor according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the motor vehicle described has all the advantages that have already been described for a battery module according to the first aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the motor vehicle according to the invention has the advantage over conventional motor vehicles in that it has a battery module in which a deformation space adjacent to the cell pack is provided using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, which provides improved protection of the cell pack from external mechanical stresses, in particular a vehicle crash is guaranteed.
  • the defined and flat compression of the cell pack by the spring device has the advantage that the swelling of the cell pack is reduced.
  • a first form of a battery module 1 not according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view.
  • the battery module 1 has a module housing 3 with module side walls 4, a module base 5 and a module cover 6.
  • An intermediate wall 17 is supported against edge regions 19 of a second module side wall 4b via two support elements 18, with a support element 18 being arranged adjacent to the module cover 6 and a support element 18 being arranged adjacent to the module base 5.
  • a deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed central region 20 of the second module side wall 4b is thus formed between the intermediate wall 17 and the second module side wall 4b.
  • a cell pack 7 having several battery cells 8 is arranged inside the module housing 3. The cell package contacts the module base 5 and the intermediate wall 17 over a large area.
  • a spring plate 13 of a spring device 9 is supported against edge regions 19 of the first module side wall 4a and over a large area against the cell package 7.
  • the spring plate 13 is prestressed in such a way that the cell package 7 is pressed against the intermediate wall 17 with a defined force.
  • a deformation space 10 is therefore also formed between the cell pack 7 and the first module side wall 4a, this deformation space 10 being used Receiving a deformed area of the first module side wall 4a is formed.
  • a cooling device 14 for cooling the cell pack 7 is arranged above the cell pack 7, a cooling device 14 for cooling the cell pack 7 is arranged.
  • the cooling device 14 contacts the cell pack 7 and the module cover 6 over a large area. In this way, the cell pack 7 is particularly protected from lateral mechanical stress on the battery module 1, especially in the event of a vehicle crash. Furthermore, the age-related swelling of the cell packet 7 is reduced due to the defined compression of the cell packet 7.
  • a second form of a battery module 1 not according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view.
  • the battery module 1 according to this preferred second embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 1 shown preferred first embodiment in the feature that instead of an intermediate wall 17 with support elements 18, it has a further spring device 9 with a spring plate 13.
  • the spring plate 13 is clamped between two edge regions 19 of the second module side wall 4b and the cell pack 7 and contacts the cell pack 7 over a large area.
  • the spring device 9 presses the cell pack 7 towards the first module side wall 4a.
  • a deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed region of the second module side wall 4b is also formed between the cell package 7 and the second module side wall 4b.
  • a preferred third embodiment of a battery module 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view.
  • the battery module 1 according to this preferred third embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 2 shown preferred second embodiment in the feature that a further spring device 7 with a spring plate 13 is arranged between the module base 5 and the cell stack 7.
  • the spring plate 13 is clamped between two edge regions 19 of the module base 5 and the cell pack 7 and contacts the cell pack 7 over a large area.
  • the spring device 9 presses the cell package 7 in the direction of the module cover 6.
  • a deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed area of the module floor 5 is also formed between the cell package 7 and the module base 5.
  • the battery module 1 has a support device 15, which is arranged within the module housing 3 and supports the cooling device 14 against the spring plate 13 clamped to the module base 5. In this way, the module cover 6 is also supported against the spring plate 13 via the support device 15.
  • a preferred fourth embodiment of a battery module 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view.
  • the battery module 1 according to this The preferred fourth embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 2 shown preferred third embodiment in the feature that the spring devices 9, which support the cell package 7 against the module side walls 4, have a plurality of coil springs 11 instead of a spring plate 13.
  • the spring device 9, which supports the cell package 7 against the module base, has several disc springs 12 instead of a spring plate 13.
  • a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle 2 according to the invention is shown schematically in a side view.
  • the motor vehicle has an electric motor 16, which is designed to drive the motor vehicle 2.
  • the motor vehicle 2 preferably has a plurality of electric motors 16, not shown, which are designed to drive the motor vehicle 2. More preferably, the electric motor 16 is designed to generate electrical current, for example during recuperation.
  • the motor vehicle 2 additionally has an internal combustion engine, not shown, which, for example, is used to drive the motor vehicle 2 and/or to drive the electric motor 16 to generate electrical current.
  • the motor vehicle 2 has a battery module 1 according to the invention.

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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein lasttragendes Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem lasttragenden Batteriemodul.The present invention relates to a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with a load-bearing battery module.

Elektrofahrzeuge sowie ein Großteil der Hybridfahrzeuge weisen einen Elektromotor auf, welcher insbesondere zum Antreiben des Fahrzeugs ausgebildet ist. Zur Bereitstellung der hierfür erforderlichen elektrischen Energie sind unterschiedliche Konzepte bekannt. Einerseits kann die elektrische Energie direkt erzeugt werden, beispielsweise mittels einer Brennstoffzelle. Alternative Konzepte beruhen auf der Speicherung elektrischer Energie in Batterien, insbesondere in Hochvoltbatterien.Electric vehicles and the majority of hybrid vehicles have an electric motor, which is designed in particular to drive the vehicle. Different concepts are known for providing the electrical energy required for this. On the one hand, the electrical energy can be generated directly, for example using a fuel cell. Alternative concepts are based on storing electrical energy in batteries, especially high-voltage batteries.

Bei der Entwicklung von Batterien bzw. Batteriemodulen stehen insbesondere zwei Aspekte im Mittelpunkt, nämlich die Speicherung einer möglichst großen Menge elektrischer Energie bei einem möglichst kleinen Bauraum. Hierfür werden Batteriezellen mit immer größeren Energiedichten entwickelt. Gleichwohl haben derartige Batteriezellen den Nachteil, dass die hierfür verwendeten Stoffe eine hohe Reaktivität aufweisen und von ihnen daher ein besonders hohes Gefahrenpotenzial ausgeht. Im Falle einer Beschädigung der Batteriezellen, beispielsweise durch einen Fahrzeugcrash, können diese Brände auslösen oder in Extremfällen sogar explodieren.When developing batteries or battery modules, the focus is on two aspects in particular, namely storing the largest possible amount of electrical energy in the smallest possible installation space. For this purpose, battery cells with ever greater energy densities are being developed. However, such battery cells have the disadvantage that the materials used for this purpose have a high reactivity and therefore pose a particularly high risk potential. If the battery cells are damaged, for example due to a vehicle crash, they can cause fires or, in extreme cases, even explode.

Aus Gründen der Betriebssicherheit solcher Batteriemodule werden Modulgehäuse zum Schutz der Batteriezellen bzw. von mehrere Batteriezellen aufweisenden Zellpaketen vor äußeren Einflüssen fortlaufend weiterentwickelt. Das Ziel der Entwicklung solcher Modulgehäuse ist es, ein Volumen der Batteriezellen zu maximieren sowie die Abmessungen des dem Schutze der Batteriezellen dienenden Modulgehäuses zu minimieren, sodass ausreichend Schutz vor vordefinierten mechanischen Lastfällen bereitgestellt wird.For reasons of operational safety of such battery modules, module housings are continuously being developed to protect the battery cells or cell packs containing several battery cells from external influences. The aim of developing such module housings is to maximize the volume of the battery cells and to minimize the dimensions of the module housing used to protect the battery cells, so that sufficient protection is provided against predefined mechanical load cases.

Zum Erreichen der maximalen Leistungs- und Energiedichte müssen Strukturbautele des Modulgehäuses platzsparend sowie möglichst ohne Redundanzen ausgelegt werden. Gleichzeitig muss neben dem Bauraum für die Batteriezellen bzw. Zellpakete ausreichend Bauraum innerhalb des Modulgehäuses für elektrische Leitungen und Steuergeräte vorgehalten werden. Zudem ist zu berücksichtigen, dass die Batteriezellen einen möglichst guten thermischen Kontakt zu einer Kühlungsvorrichtung des Batteriemoduls aufweisen. Ebenso müssen altersbedingte Ausdehnungseffekte der Batteriezellen bzw. Zellpakete, welche auch als "Swelling" bezeichnet werden, berücksichtigt und entsprechende konstruktive Maßnahmen zum Reduzieren des Swelling getroffen werden.To achieve the maximum power and energy density, structural components of the module housing must be designed to save space and, if possible, without redundancies. At the same time, in addition to the installation space for the battery cells or cell packs, sufficient installation space must be provided within the module housing for electrical cables and control devices. It should also be taken into account that the battery cells have the best possible quality have thermal contact with a cooling device of the battery module. Age-related expansion effects of the battery cells or cell packs, which are also referred to as “swelling”, must also be taken into account and appropriate design measures must be taken to reduce swelling.

Zum Schutze der Batteriezellen vor äußeren Einflüssen sind Modulgehäuse bekannt, welche besonders steife Komponenten, insbesondere einen Modulboden und/oder Moduldeckel, aufweisen. Ferner weisen bekannte Modulgehäuse oftmals eine Struktur auf, insbesondere mit einem oder mehreren zusätzlichen Stegen, welche zum Ableiten von Kräften zwischen Moduldeckel und Modulboden ausgebildet ist. Besonders nachteilig bei einem gattungsgemäßen Modulgehäuse ist, dass eine Deformation des Zellpakets bei speziellen mechanischen Belastungen des Modulgehäuses nicht immer vermeidbar ist, sodass das Risiko des Entzündens oder Explodierens der Batteriezellen erhöht ist.To protect the battery cells from external influences, module housings are known which have particularly rigid components, in particular a module base and/or module cover. Furthermore, known module housings often have a structure, in particular with one or more additional webs, which is designed to dissipate forces between the module cover and the module base. A particular disadvantage of a generic module housing is that deformation of the cell pack cannot always be avoided when the module housing is subjected to specific mechanical loads, so that the risk of the battery cells igniting or exploding is increased.

Zum Reduzieren des Swelling von Zellpaketen sind unterschiedliche Lösungen bekannt. So kann das Zellpaket beispielsweise zum Erzeugen einer dem Swelling entgegengerichteten Gegenkraft von einem inneren Gehäuse oder Käfig umgeben sein. Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass über das Gehäuse oder den Käfig äußere mechanische Belastungen oftmals auf das Zellpaket übertragbar sind, sodass hierdurch das Zellpaket beschädigt werden kann.Different solutions are known for reducing the swelling of cell packets. For example, the cell package can be surrounded by an inner housing or cage in order to generate a counterforce that opposes the swelling. The disadvantage here is that external mechanical loads can often be transferred to the cell pack via the housing or the cage, so that the cell pack can be damaged as a result.

Zum Verbessern der Kühlung des Zellpakets sind ebenfalls diverse Lösungen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Die DE 10 2008 034 876 A1 und DE 10 2009 058 070 A1 betreffen Batteriemodule, bei welchen zur Gewährleistung einer verbesserten Kühlung der Batteriezellen eine Kühlplatte mittels einer Federvorrichtung mit dem Zellpaket verspannt ist. Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass die Batteriezellen vor äußeren mechanischen Einflüssen nur mäßig geschützt sind. Aus den CN 204 271 155 U , US 2016/276718 A1 , EP 2 421 069 A1 und WO 2013/070593 A1 sind weitere Batteriegehäuse und Batteriezellen bekannt.Various solutions are also known from the prior art to improve the cooling of the cell pack. The DE 10 2008 034 876 A1 and DE 10 2009 058 070 A1 relate to battery modules in which a cooling plate is clamped to the cell pack by means of a spring device to ensure improved cooling of the battery cells. The disadvantage here is that the battery cells are only moderately protected from external mechanical influences. From the CN 204 271 155 U , US 2016/276718 A1 , EP 2 421 069 A1 and WO 2013/070593 A1 Other battery housings and battery cells are known.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die voranstehend beschriebenen Nachteile bei einem Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Batteriemodul zu beheben oder zumindest teilweise zu beheben. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Batteriemodul und ein Kraftfahrzeug zu schaffen, die auf eine einfache und kostengünstige Art und Weise einen verbesserten Schutz des Zellpakets vor äußeren mechanischen Einflüssen gewährleisten und/oder Batteriezellen mit einem reduzierten Swelling aufweisen und/oder eine verbesserte Ableitung von Wärme aus den Batteriezellen gewährleisten.It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate or at least partially eliminate the disadvantages described above in a battery module for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle with a battery module. In particular, it is the object of the present invention to create a battery module and a motor vehicle which ensure improved protection of the cell pack from external mechanical influences in a simple and cost-effective manner and/or have battery cells with reduced swelling and/or an improved derivation of Ensure heat from the battery cells.

Voranstehende Aufgaben werden durch die Patentansprüche gelöst. Demnach werden die Aufgaben durch ein lasttragendes Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Kraftfahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 7 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale und Details der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen. Dabei gelten Merkmale und Details, die im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemodul beschrieben sind, selbstverständlich auch im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeug und jeweils umgekehrt, sodass bezüglich der Offenbarung zu den einzelnen Erfindungsaspekten stets wechselseitig Bezug genommen wird beziehungsweise werden kann. Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch ein lasttragendes Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug gelöst. Das Batteriemodul weist ein Modulgehäuse mit Modulseitenwänden, einem Modulboden sowie einem Moduldeckel und ein innerhalb des Modulgehäuses angeordnetes Zellpaket mit mehreren Batteriezellen auf. Erfindungsgemäß ist zwischen mindestens einer ersten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket mindestens eine Federvorrichtung angeordnet, wobei die Federvorrichtung zum Drücken des Zellpakets in Richtung einer der ersten Modulseitenwand entgegengesetzten zweiten Modulseitenwand zur Bildung eines Deformationsraums zwischen der ersten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket ausgebildet ist. Zwischen dem Zellpaket und dem Moduldeckel ist eine Kühlungsvorrichtung zum Ableiten von Wärme aus dem Zellpaket angeordnet. Zwischen dem Modulboden und dem Zellpaket ist eine Federvorrichtung angeordnet, wobei die Federvorrichtung zum Drücken des Zellpakets in Richtung des Moduldeckels zur Bildung eines Deformationsraums zwischen dem Modulboden und dem Zellpaket ausgebildet ist. Ferner ist innerhalb des Modulgehäuses eine Abstützvorrichtung angeordnet, welche sich zwischen dem Moduldeckel und dem Modulboden erstreckt. Das obere Abstützende ist gegen den Moduldeckel oder die zwischen dem Moduldeckel und den Zellpaketen angeordnete Kühlungsvorrichtung abgestützt. Das untere Abstützende ist gegen die zwischen dem Modulboden und den Zellpaketen angeordnete Federvorrichtung abgestützt.The above tasks are solved by the patent claims. Accordingly, the tasks are solved by a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle with the features of independent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle with the features of independent claim 7. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the battery module according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the motor vehicle according to the invention and vice versa, so that reference is or can always be made to each other with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention. According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle. The battery module has a module housing with module side walls, a module base and a module cover and a cell pack with several battery cells arranged within the module housing. According to the invention, at least one spring device is arranged between at least a first module side wall and the cell stack, the spring device being designed to press the cell stack in the direction of a second module side wall opposite the first module side wall to form a deformation space between the first module side wall and the cell stack. A cooling device for dissipating heat from the cell pack is arranged between the cell pack and the module cover. A spring device is arranged between the module base and the cell stack, the spring device being designed to press the cell stack in the direction of the module cover to form a deformation space between the module base and the cell stack. Furthermore, a support device is arranged within the module housing, which extends between the module cover and the module base. The upper supporting end is supported against the module cover or the cooling device arranged between the module cover and the cell packs. The lower supporting end is supported against the spring device arranged between the module base and the cell packs.

Unter einem lasttragenden Batteriemodul wird im Rahmen der Erfindung ein Batteriemodul verstanden, welches den darin angeordneten Zellpaketen einen verbesserten Schutz vor äußeren mechanischen Belastungen, insbesondere bei einem Fahrzeugcrash des Kraftfahrzeugs, bietet. Zum Schutz der Zellpakete weist das Batteriemodul das Modulgehäuse auf. Das Modulgehäuse weist einen Modulboden und einen Moduldeckel auf. Zwischen dem Moduldeckel und dem Modulboden sind die Modulseitenwände angeordnet. Das Modulgehäuse weist mindestens zwei Modulseitenwände auf. Vorzugsweise weist das Modulgehäuse vier seitenwände auf. Weiter bevorzugt ist das Modulgehäuse quaderförmig ausgestaltet. Vorzugsweise sind der Modulboden und/oder der Moduldeckel und/oder die Modulseitenwände als geschlossenes Element ausgebildet, um das Zellpaket vor äußeren Einflüssen einen verbesserten sowie durchgängigen Schutz bereitzustellen. Weiter bevorzugt sind der Modulboden und/oder der Moduldeckel und/oder die Modulseitenwände ausgebildet, kinetische Energie in Verformungsenergie umzuwandeln.In the context of the invention, a load-bearing battery module is understood to mean a battery module which offers the cell packs arranged therein improved protection against external mechanical stresses, in particular in the event of a vehicle crash of the motor vehicle. To protect the cell packs, the battery module has the module housing. The module housing has a module base and a module cover. The module side walls are arranged between the module cover and the module base. The module housing has at least two module side walls. The module housing preferably has four side walls. More preferably, the module housing is designed in the shape of a cuboid. Preferably, the module base and/or the module cover and/or the module side walls are designed as a closed element in order to provide the cell package with improved and consistent protection from external influences. More preferably, the module base and/or the module cover and/or the module side walls are designed to convert kinetic energy into deformation energy.

Die Federvorrichtung ist zwischen der ersten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket angeordnet sowie zum Drücken des Zellpakets in Richtung der zweiten Modulseitenwand ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist die Federvorrichtung ausgebildet, das Zellpaket flächig zu kontaktieren, um die Federkraft auf eine möglichst große Fläche des Zellpakets zu verteilen und somit Beschädigungen des Zellpakets zu vermeiden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zwischen der Federvorrichtung und dem Zellpaket eine Druckverteilungsvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Druckverteilungsplatte zum gleichmäßigen Verteilen der Federkraft auf das Zellpaket angeordnet sein. Die Federvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise gegen Randbereiche der ersten Modulseitenwand abgestützt, wobei die Federvorrichtung vorzugsweise nicht gegen zentrale Bereiche der ersten Modulseitenwand abgestützt ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bei einer plastischen Deformation der ersten Modulseitenwand, insbesondere in Folge eines Fahrzeugcrashs, keine oder nur eine geringe zusätzliche Spannung der Federvorrichtung erfolgt, da die Deformation des zentralen Bereichs konstruktionsbedingt stets größer als eine Deformation der Randbereiche der Modulseitenwand ist.The spring device is arranged between the first module side wall and the cell pack and is designed to press the cell pack in the direction of the second module side wall. Preferably, the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack. Alternatively or additionally, a pressure distribution device, in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack. The spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the first module side wall, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the first module side wall. This has the advantage that in the event of a plastic deformation of the first module side wall, in particular as a result of a vehicle crash, there is little or no additional tension on the spring device, since the deformation of the central area is always greater than a deformation of the edge areas of the module side wall due to the design.

Vorzugsweise ist die Federvorrichtung ausgebildet, das Zellpaket flächig zu kontaktieren, um die Federkraft auf eine möglichst große Fläche des Zellpakets zu verteilen und somit Beschädigungen des Zellpakets zu vermeiden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zwischen der Federvorrichtung und dem Zellpaket eine Druckverteilungsvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Druckverteilungsplatte zum gleichmäßigen Verteilen der Federkraft auf das Zellpaket angeordnet sein. Die Federvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise gegen Randbereiche des Modulbodens abgestützt, wobei die Federvorrichtung vorzugsweise nicht gegen zentrale Bereiche des Modulbodens abgestützt ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bei einer plastischen Deformation des Modulbodens, insbesondere in Folge eines Fahrzeugcrashs, keine oder nur eine geringe zusätzliche Spannung der Federvorrichtung erfolgt, da die Deformation des zentralen Bereichs konstruktionsbedingt stets größer als eine Deformation der Randbereiche des Modulbodens ist. Ein derartiges Batteriemodul hat den Vorteil, dass mit einfachen Mitteln sowie auf eine kostengünstige Art und Weise ein verbesserter Schutz des Zellpakets vor äußeren Kräften bereitgestellt ist. Ferner ist eine derartige Federvorrichtung von Vorteil, wenn das Batteriemodul zwischen dem Moduldeckel und dem Zellpaket eine Kühlungsvorrichtung aufweist, da mittels der Federvorrichtung das Zellpaket gegen die Kühlungsvorrichtung drückbar und hierdurch die Kühlung des Zellpakets verbesserbar ist.Preferably, the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack. Alternatively or additionally, a pressure distribution device, in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack. The spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the module base, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the module base. This has the advantage that in the event of a plastic deformation of the module floor, in particular as a result of a vehicle crash, there is little or no additional tension on the spring device, since the deformation of the central area is always greater than a deformation of the edge areas of the module floor due to the design. Such a battery module has the advantage that improved protection of the cell pack from external forces can be achieved using simple means and in a cost-effective manner is provided. Furthermore, such a spring device is advantageous if the battery module has a cooling device between the module cover and the cell pack, since the cell pack can be pressed against the cooling device by means of the spring device and the cooling of the cell pack can thereby be improved.

Das Batteriemodul weist vorzugsweise mehrere Zellpakete auf, welche durch die Abstützvorrichtung voneinander getrennt sind. Die Abstützvorrichtung weist ein oberes Abstützende und ein unteres Abstützende auf, wobei das obere Abstützende dem Moduldeckel und das untere Abstützende dem Modulboden zugewandt ist. Es kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass die Abstützvorrichtung als Kühlungsvorrichtung zur Wärmeabfuhr aus den Zellpaketen ausgebildet ist. Vorzugsweise kontaktiert die Abstützvorrichtung zur Wärmeabfuhr eine dem Moduldeckel benachbart angeordnete Kühlungsvorrichtung. Die Abstützvorrichtung weist vorzugsweise eine Form auf, durch welche ein Abknicken der Abstützvorrichtung bei mechanischer Druckbelastung reduziert ist. Vorzugsweise weist die Abstützvorrichtung daher ein relativ hohes axiales Widerstandsmoment auf. Eine Abstützvorrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass eine Deformation des Moduldeckels sowie des Modulbodens in Richtung des Zellpakets abstützbar ist, sodass das Ausmaß der Deformation reduzierbar ist. Auf diese Weise ist das Risiko der Beschädigung des Zellpakets mit einfachen Mitteln sowie auf eine kostengünstige Art und Weise reduzierbar.The battery module preferably has several cell packs, which are separated from one another by the support device. The support device has an upper support end and a lower support end, with the upper support end facing the module cover and the lower support end facing the module base. According to the invention, it can be provided that the support device is designed as a cooling device for dissipating heat from the cell packs. Preferably, the support device for heat dissipation contacts a cooling device arranged adjacent to the module cover. The support device preferably has a shape which reduces buckling of the support device under mechanical pressure load. The support device therefore preferably has a relatively high axial moment of resistance. A support device has the advantage that deformation of the module cover and the module base in the direction of the cell stack can be supported, so that the extent of the deformation can be reduced. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell package can be reduced using simple means and in a cost-effective manner.

Aufgrund des Wegdrückens des Zellpakets von der ersten Modulseitenwand mittels der Federvorrichtung ist zwischen der ersten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket der Deformationsraum ausgebildet. Der Deformationsraum ist ein Freiraum, welcher zur Aufnahme von Abschnitten einer deformierten ersten Modulseitenwand ausgebildet ist. Somit ist im Crashfall mittels der ersten Modulseitenwand kinetische Energie in Verformungsenergie umwandelbar, ohne dass die erste Modulseitenwand das Zellpaket kontaktieren und hierdurch beschädigen kann.Due to the cell stack being pushed away from the first module side wall by means of the spring device, the deformation space is formed between the first module side wall and the cell stack. The deformation space is a free space which is designed to accommodate sections of a deformed first module side wall. Thus, in the event of a crash, kinetic energy can be converted into deformation energy by means of the first module side wall, without the first module side wall being able to contact the cell package and thereby damage it.

Das Batteriemodul ist vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass die Federvorrichtung das Zellpaket nicht direkt gegen die zweite Modulseitenwand drückt, sondern gegen eine Abstützvorrichtung, welche zwischen der zweiten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket derart angeordnet ist, sodass zwischen der Abstützvorrichtung und der zweiten Modulseitenwand ebenfalls ein Deformationsraum ausgebildet ist. Die Abstützvorrichtung kann beispielsweise eine Zwischenwand aufweisen, welche vorzugsweise über Abstützelemente gegen die zweite Seitenwand abgestützt und/oder am Modulboden und/oder Moduldeckel gehalten ist. Alternativ kann die Abstützvorrichtung einen Schaum aufweisen, welcher zur Verteilung von Kräften auf eine möglichst große Kontaktfläche des Zellpakets ausgebildet ist, um das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets im Falle eines Fahrzeugcrashs zu reduzieren.The battery module is preferably designed in such a way that the spring device does not press the cell pack directly against the second module side wall, but against a support device which is arranged between the second module side wall and the cell pack in such a way that a deformation space is also formed between the support device and the second module side wall . The support device can, for example, have an intermediate wall, which is preferably supported against the second side wall via support elements and/or held on the module base and/or module cover. Alternatively, the support device can have a foam which is used to distribute forces the largest possible contact area of the cell pack is designed to reduce the risk of damage to the cell pack in the event of a vehicle crash.

Die Kühlungsvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, eine möglichst große Fläche des Zellpakets zu kontaktieren, um somit einen maximalen Wärmeübergang vom Zellpaket auf die Kühlungsvorrichtung zu ermöglichen. Weiter bevorzugt weist die Kühlungsvorrichtung ein Material mit einem relativ hohen Wärmeleitkoeffizienten auf, sodass ein Abtransport der Wärme von dem Zellpaket verbessert ist. Eine Kühlungsvorrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass eine Kühlung des Zellpakets verbesserbar und somit das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets aufgrund von Überhitzung signifikant reduzierbar ist.The cooling device is preferably designed in such a way that it contacts the largest possible area of the cell pack in order to enable maximum heat transfer from the cell pack to the cooling device. Further preferably, the cooling device has a material with a relatively high thermal conductivity coefficient, so that heat removal from the cell package is improved. A cooling device has the advantage that cooling of the cell pack can be improved and thus the risk of damage to the cell pack due to overheating can be significantly reduced.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug hat gegenüber herkömmlichen Batteriemodulen den Vorteil, dass mit einfachen Mitteln sowie auf eine kostengünstige Art und Weise ein dem Zellpaket benachbarter Deformationsraum bereitgestellt ist, welcher einen verbesserten Schutz des Zellpakets vor äußeren mechanischen Beanspruchungen, insbesondere durch einen Fahrzeugcrash, gewährleistet. Zudem hat die definierte sowie flächige Kompression des Zellpaktes durch die Federvorrichtung den Vorteil, dass das Swelling des Zellpakets reduziert ist.A battery module according to the invention for a motor vehicle has the advantage over conventional battery modules that a deformation space adjacent to the cell pack is provided with simple means and in a cost-effective manner, which ensures improved protection of the cell pack against external mechanical stresses, in particular due to a vehicle crash. In addition, the defined and flat compression of the cell pack by the spring device has the advantage that the swelling of the cell pack is reduced.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterentwicklung der Erfindung kann bei einem Batteriemodul vorgesehen sein, dass die mindestens eine Federvorrichtung eine Schraubenfeder und/oder eine Tellerfeder aufweist. Die Schraubenfeder bzw. Tellerfeder ist vorzugsweise an einem Randbereich des Zellpakets sowie der Modulseitenwand angeordnet, da im Falle einer äußeren mechanischen Beanspruchung des Modulgehäuses die größte Deformation der Modulseitenwände in zentralen Bereichen der Modulseitenwände erfolgt. Auf diese Weise ist die Gefahr einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets aufgrund einer Deformation einer Modulseitenwand reduziert. Weiter bevorzugt ist zwischen der Federvorrichtung und dem Zellpaket eine Druckverteilungsvorrichtung zum Verteilen der Federkraft über eine Seitenfläche des Zellpakets angeordnet. Somit ist das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets durch die Federvorrichtung reduzierbar. Eine Schraubenfeder und eine Tellerfeder sind kostengünstig herstellbar und leicht montierbar. Zudem ist mittels derartiger Federn eine definierte Druckkraft auf das Zellpaket bereitstellbar.According to a preferred further development of the invention, it can be provided in a battery module that the at least one spring device has a coil spring and/or a plate spring. The coil spring or plate spring is preferably arranged on an edge region of the cell package and the module side wall, since in the event of external mechanical stress on the module housing, the greatest deformation of the module side walls occurs in central regions of the module side walls. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell package due to deformation of a module side wall is reduced. Further preferably, a pressure distribution device for distributing the spring force over a side surface of the cell stack is arranged between the spring device and the cell stack. The risk of damage to the cell pack by the spring device can therefore be reduced. A coil spring and a disc spring are inexpensive to produce and easy to assemble. In addition, such springs can be used to provide a defined compressive force on the cell package.

Es ist erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt, dass die mindestens eine Federvorrichtung ein Federblech aufweist. Das Federblech weist vorzugsweise Randbereiche auf, welche gegen Randbereiche der Modulseitenwand abgestützt sind. Ferner weist das Federblech einen zentralen Bereich auf, welcher vorzugsweise mindestens eine Seite des Zellpakets flächig kontaktiert. Im Falle einer äußeren mechanischen Beanspruchung des Modulgehäuses erfolgt die größte Deformation der Modulseitenwände in zentralen Bereichen der Modulseitenwände, sodass bei einer derartigen Anordnung die Gefahr einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets aufgrund einer Deformation einer Modulseitenwand reduziert ist. Daher ist es bevorzugt, dass das Federblech im zentralen Bereich eine größere Dicke und somit eine höhere Steifigkeit als in den Randbereichen aufweist, um einem Einknicken im zentralen Bereich entgegenzuwirken. Ein solches Federblech ist beispielsweise mittels eines Tailored Drawn Verfahren herstellbar. Durch das flächige Kontaktieren des Zellpakets durch das Federblech ist die Federkraft des Federblechs besser auf das Zellpaket übertragbar. Auf diese Weise ist das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets durch die Federvorrichtung reduzierbar. Ein Federblech ist kostengünstig herstellbar sowie leicht montierbar. Zudem ist mittels eines Federblechs eine definierte Druckkraft auf das Zellpaket bereitstellbar.According to the invention, it is preferred that the at least one spring device has a spring plate. The spring plate preferably has edge regions which are supported against edge regions of the module side wall. Furthermore, the spring plate has a central area, which preferably contacts at least one side of the cell package in a flat manner. In the event of external mechanical stress on the module housing, the greatest deformation of the module side walls occurs in central areas of the module side walls, so that with such an arrangement the risk of damage to the cell package due to deformation of a module side wall is reduced. It is therefore preferred that the spring plate has a greater thickness in the central area and thus a higher rigidity than in the edge areas in order to counteract buckling in the central area. Such a spring plate can be produced, for example, using a tailored drawn process. Due to the surface contact of the cell pack by the spring plate, the spring force of the spring plate can be better transferred to the cell pack. In this way, the risk of damage to the cell pack by the spring device can be reduced. A spring plate is inexpensive to produce and easy to assemble. In addition, a defined compressive force can be provided on the cell package using a spring plate.

Weiter bevorzugt ist zwischen der zweiten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket eine Federvorrichtung angeordnet, wobei die Federvorrichtung zum Drücken des Zellpakets in Richtung der ersten Modulseitenwand zur Bildung eines Deformationsraums zwischen der zweiten Modulseitenwand und dem Zellpaket ausgebildet ist. Demnach weist das Batteriemodul an voneinander entgegengesetzten Modulseitenwänden jeweils eine Federvorrichtung auf. Vorzugsweise sind die beiden Federvorrichtungen symmetrisch oder zumindest im Wesentlichen symmetrisch, insbesondere spiegelsymmetrisch, zueinander ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist die Federvorrichtung ausgebildet, das Zellpaket flächig zu kontaktieren, um die Federkraft auf eine möglichst große Fläche des Zellpakets zu verteilen und somit Beschädigungen des Zellpakets zu vermeiden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zwischen der Federvorrichtung und dem Zellpaket eine Druckverteilungsvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Druckverteilungsplatte zum gleichmäßigen Verteilen der Federkraft auf das Zellpaket angeordnet sein. Die Federvorrichtung ist vorzugsweise gegen Randbereiche der zweiten Modulseitenwand abgestützt, wobei die Federvorrichtung vorzugsweise nicht gegen zentrale Bereiche der zweiten Modulseitenwand abgestützt ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bei einer plastischen Deformation der zweiten Modulseitenwand, insbesondere in Folge eines Fahrzeugcrashs, keine oder nur eine geringe zusätzliche Spannung der Federvorrichtung erfolgt, da die Deformation des zentralen Bereichs konstruktionsbedingt stets größer als eine Deformation der Randbereiche der Modulseitenwand ist. Ein derartiges Batteriemodul hat den Vorteil, dass eine Ausrichtung des Zellpakets innerhalb des Modulgehäuses über ein Kräftegleichgewicht der Federvorrichtungen mit einfachen Mitteln sowie zuverlässig erzielbar ist. Zudem ist das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets weiter reduziert, da eine maximale von außen auf das Zellpaket übertragbare Kraft durch die Federvorrichtungen begrenzt ist.Further preferably, a spring device is arranged between the second module side wall and the cell pack, wherein the spring device is designed to press the cell pack in the direction of the first module side wall to form a deformation space between the second module side wall and the cell pack. Accordingly, the battery module has a spring device on opposite module side walls. Preferably, the two spring devices are symmetrical or at least substantially symmetrical, in particular mirror-symmetrical, to one another. Preferably, the spring device is designed to contact the cell pack over the surface in order to distribute the spring force over the largest possible area of the cell pack and thus avoid damage to the cell pack. Alternatively or additionally, a pressure distribution device, in particular a pressure distribution plate, can be arranged between the spring device and the cell pack for evenly distributing the spring force to the cell pack. The spring device is preferably supported against edge regions of the second module side wall, wherein the spring device is preferably not supported against central regions of the second module side wall. This has the advantage that in the event of a plastic deformation of the second module side wall, in particular as a result of a vehicle crash, there is little or no additional tension on the spring device, since the deformation of the central region is always greater than a deformation of the edge regions of the module side wall due to the design. Such a battery module has the advantage that an alignment of the cell pack within the module housing can be achieved using simple means and reliably via a balance of forces of the spring devices is. In addition, the risk of damage to the cell package is further reduced since a maximum force that can be transmitted from the outside to the cell package is limited by the spring devices.

Vorzugsweise sind mindestens zwei Federvorrichtungen als monolithische Federvorrichtung ausgebildet. Unter einer monolithischen Ausbildung wird im Rahmen der Erfindung insbesondere verstanden, dass die zwei Federvorrichtungen einstückig miteinander ausgebildet sind. Es kann erfindungsgemäß auch vorgesehen sein, dass die monolithische Federvorrichtung aus einzelnen Federvorrichtungen zusammengesetzt ist, die miteinander stoffschlüssig und/oder formschlüssig verbunden, insbesondere verschweißt, sind. Derartige Federvorrichtungen sind leicht herstellbar und mit einfachen Mitteln sowie kostengünstig zwischen dem Modulgehäuse und dem Zellpaket montierbar, sodass die Herstellungskosten des Batteriemoduls hierdurch reduzierbar sind.Preferably, at least two spring devices are designed as a monolithic spring device. In the context of the invention, a monolithic design is understood in particular to mean that the two spring devices are formed in one piece with one another. According to the invention, it can also be provided that the monolithic spring device is composed of individual spring devices which are connected to one another in a cohesive and/or form-fitting manner, in particular welded. Such spring devices are easy to manufacture and can be mounted between the module housing and the cell pack using simple means and inexpensively, so that the manufacturing costs of the battery module can be reduced.

Es ist erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt, dass die Abstützvorrichtung parallel zu zwei entgegengesetzten Modulseitenwänden und/oder senkrecht zum Modulboden und/oder Moduldeckel angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise ist die Abstützvorrichtung zur verbesserten Entlastung der Modulseitenwände bzw. des Moduldeckels und des Modulbodens, insbesondere bei einem Fahrzeugcrash, ausgebildet. Hierdurch ist das Risiko einer Beschädigung des Zellpakets weiter reduziert.According to the invention, it is preferred that the support device is arranged parallel to two opposite module side walls and/or perpendicular to the module base and/or module cover. In this way, the support device is designed to provide improved relief for the module side walls or the module cover and the module floor, particularly in the event of a vehicle crash. This further reduces the risk of damage to the cell package.

Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe durch ein Kraftfahrzeug gelöst. Das Kraftfahrzeug weist einen Elektromotor zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeugs und ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul zum Bereitstellen elektrischer Energie zum Betreiben des Elektromotors gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung auf.According to a second aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle has an electric motor for driving the motor vehicle and a battery module according to the invention for providing electrical energy for operating the electric motor according to the first aspect of the invention.

Bei dem beschriebenen Kraftfahrzeug ergeben sich sämtliche Vorteile, die bereits zu einem Batteriemodul gemäß dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung beschrieben worden sind. Demnach hat das erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeug gegenüber herkömmlichen Kraftfahrzeugen den Vorteil, dass dieses ein Batteriemodul aufweist, bei welchem mit einfachen Mitteln sowie auf eine kostengünstige Art und Weise ein dem Zellpaket benachbarter Deformationsraum bereitgestellt ist, welcher einen verbesserten Schutz des Zellpakets vor äußeren mechanischen Beanspruchungen, insbesondere durch einen Fahrzeugcrash, gewährleistet. Zudem hat die definierte sowie flächige Kompression des Zellpaktes durch die Federvorrichtung den Vorteil, dass das Swelling des Zellpakets reduziert ist.The motor vehicle described has all the advantages that have already been described for a battery module according to the first aspect of the invention. Accordingly, the motor vehicle according to the invention has the advantage over conventional motor vehicles in that it has a battery module in which a deformation space adjacent to the cell pack is provided using simple means and in a cost-effective manner, which provides improved protection of the cell pack from external mechanical stresses, in particular a vehicle crash is guaranteed. In addition, the defined and flat compression of the cell pack by the spring device has the advantage that the swelling of the cell pack is reduced.

Ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul, ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul sowie ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftfahrzeug werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen jeweils schematisch:

Figur 1
in einer Schnittdarstellung eine erste Form eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls,
Figur 2
in einer Schnittdarstellung eine zweite Form eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls,
Figur 3
in einer Schnittdarstellung eine bevorzugte dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls,
Figur 4
in einer Schnittdarstellung eine bevorzugte vierte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls und
Figur 5
in einer Seitenansicht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs.
A battery module not according to the invention, a battery module according to the invention and a motor vehicle according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. They show schematically:
Figure 1
in a sectional view a first form of a battery module not according to the invention,
Figure 2
in a sectional view a second form of a battery module not according to the invention,
Figure 3
in a sectional view a preferred third embodiment of a battery module according to the invention,
Figure 4
in a sectional view a preferred fourth embodiment of a battery module according to the invention and
Figure 5
in a side view a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle according to the invention.

Elemente mit gleicher Funktion und Wirkungsweise sind in den Fig. 1 bis 5 jeweils mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Elements with the same function and mode of operation are in the Fig. 1 to 5 each provided with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1 ist eine erste Form eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls 1 schematisch in einer Schnittdarstellung abgebildet. Das Batteriemodul 1 weist ein Modulgehäuse 3 mit Modulseitenwänden 4, einem Modulboden 5 sowie einem Moduldeckel 6 auf. Gegen Randbereiche 19 einer zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b ist eine Zwischenwand 17 über zwei Abstützelemente 18 abgestützt, wobei ein Abstützelement 18 dem Moduldeckel 6 und ein Abstützelement 18 dem Modulboden 5 benachbart angeordnet ist. Zwischen der Zwischenwand 17 und der zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b ist somit ein Deformationsraum 10 zur Aufnahme eines deformierten zentralen Bereichs 20 der zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b ausgebildet. Im Inneren des Modulgehäuses 3 ist ein mehrere Batteriezellen 8 aufweisendes Zellpaket 7 angeordnet. Das Zellpaket kontaktiert den Modulboden 5 sowie die Zwischenwand 17 großflächig. Ein Federblech 13 einer Federvorrichtung 9 ist gegen Randbereiche 19 der ersten Modulseitenwand 4a sowie großflächig gegen das Zellpaket 7 abgestützt. Das Federblech 13 ist derart vorgespannt, dass das Zellpaket 7 mit einer definierten Kraft gegen die Zwischenwand 17 gedrückt wird. Zwischen dem Zellpaket 7 und der ersten Modulseitenwand 4a ist somit ebenfalls ein Deformationsraum 10 ausgebildet, wobei dieser Deformationsraum 10 zur Aufnahme eines deformierten Bereichs der ersten Modulseitenwand 4a ausgebildet ist.In Fig. 1 a first form of a battery module 1 not according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view. The battery module 1 has a module housing 3 with module side walls 4, a module base 5 and a module cover 6. An intermediate wall 17 is supported against edge regions 19 of a second module side wall 4b via two support elements 18, with a support element 18 being arranged adjacent to the module cover 6 and a support element 18 being arranged adjacent to the module base 5. A deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed central region 20 of the second module side wall 4b is thus formed between the intermediate wall 17 and the second module side wall 4b. A cell pack 7 having several battery cells 8 is arranged inside the module housing 3. The cell package contacts the module base 5 and the intermediate wall 17 over a large area. A spring plate 13 of a spring device 9 is supported against edge regions 19 of the first module side wall 4a and over a large area against the cell package 7. The spring plate 13 is prestressed in such a way that the cell package 7 is pressed against the intermediate wall 17 with a defined force. A deformation space 10 is therefore also formed between the cell pack 7 and the first module side wall 4a, this deformation space 10 being used Receiving a deformed area of the first module side wall 4a is formed.

Oberhalb des Zellpakets 7 ist eine Kühlungsvorrichtung 14 zum Kühlen des Zellpakets 7 angeordnet. Die Kühlungsvorrichtung 14 kontaktiert das Zellpaket 7 sowie den Moduldeckel 6 großflächig. Auf diese Weise ist das Zellpaket 7 besonders vor seitlichen mechanischen Beanspruchungen des Batteriemoduls 1, insbesondere bei einem Fahrzeugcrash, geschützt. Ferner ist das altersbedingte Swelling des Zellpakets 7 aufgrund der definierten Kompression des Zellpakets 7 reduziert.Above the cell pack 7, a cooling device 14 for cooling the cell pack 7 is arranged. The cooling device 14 contacts the cell pack 7 and the module cover 6 over a large area. In this way, the cell pack 7 is particularly protected from lateral mechanical stress on the battery module 1, especially in the event of a vehicle crash. Furthermore, the age-related swelling of the cell packet 7 is reduced due to the defined compression of the cell packet 7.

In Fig. 2 ist eine zweite Form eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls 1 schematisch in einer Schnittdarstellung abgebildet. Das Batteriemodul 1 gemäß dieser bevorzugten zweiten Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von dem Batteriemodul 1 gemäß der in Fig. 1 gezeigten bevorzugten ersten Ausführungsform in dem Merkmal, dass diese anstatt einer Zwischenwand 17 mit Abstützelemente 18 eine weitere Federvorrichtung 9 mit einem Federblech 13 aufweist. Das Federblech 13 ist zwischen zwei Randbereichen 19 der zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b und dem Zellpaket 7 verspannt und kontaktiert das Zellpaket 7 großflächig. Die Federvorrichtung 9 drückt das Zellpaket 7 in Richtung der ersten Modulseitenwand 4a. Zwischen dem Zellpaket 7 und der zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b ist ebenfalls ein Deformationsraum 10 zur Aufnahme eines deformierten Bereichs der zweiten Modulseitenwand 4b ausgebildet.In Fig. 2 a second form of a battery module 1 not according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view. The battery module 1 according to this preferred second embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 1 shown preferred first embodiment in the feature that instead of an intermediate wall 17 with support elements 18, it has a further spring device 9 with a spring plate 13. The spring plate 13 is clamped between two edge regions 19 of the second module side wall 4b and the cell pack 7 and contacts the cell pack 7 over a large area. The spring device 9 presses the cell pack 7 towards the first module side wall 4a. A deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed region of the second module side wall 4b is also formed between the cell package 7 and the second module side wall 4b.

In Fig. 3 ist eine bevorzugte dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls 1 schematisch in einer Schnittdarstellung abgebildet. Das Batteriemodul 1 gemäß dieser bevorzugten dritten Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von dem Batteriemodul 1 gemäß der in Fig. 2 gezeigten bevorzugten zweiten Ausführungsform in dem Merkmal, dass zwischen dem Modulboden 5 und dem Zellpaket 7 eine weitere Federvorrichtung 7 mit einem Federblech 13 angeordnet ist. Das Federblech 13 ist zwischen zwei Randbereichen 19 des Modulbodens 5 und dem Zellpaket 7 verspannt und kontaktiert das Zellpaket 7 großflächig. Die Federvorrichtung 9 drückt das Zellpaket 7 in Richtung des Moduldeckels 6. Zwischen dem Zellpaket 7 und dem Modulboden 5 ist ebenfalls ein Deformationsraum 10 zur Aufnahme eines deformierten Bereichs des Modulbodens 5 ausgebildet. Ferner weist das Batteriemodul 1 eine Abstützvorrichtung 15 auf, welche innerhalb des Modulgehäuses 3 angeordnet ist und die Kühlungsvorrichtung 14 gegen das mit dem Modulboden 5 verspannte Federblech 13 abstützt. Auf diese Weise wird auch der Moduldeckel 6 über die Abstützvorrichtung 15 gegen das Federblech 13 abgestützt.In Fig. 3 a preferred third embodiment of a battery module 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view. The battery module 1 according to this preferred third embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 2 shown preferred second embodiment in the feature that a further spring device 7 with a spring plate 13 is arranged between the module base 5 and the cell stack 7. The spring plate 13 is clamped between two edge regions 19 of the module base 5 and the cell pack 7 and contacts the cell pack 7 over a large area. The spring device 9 presses the cell package 7 in the direction of the module cover 6. A deformation space 10 for receiving a deformed area of the module floor 5 is also formed between the cell package 7 and the module base 5. Furthermore, the battery module 1 has a support device 15, which is arranged within the module housing 3 and supports the cooling device 14 against the spring plate 13 clamped to the module base 5. In this way, the module cover 6 is also supported against the spring plate 13 via the support device 15.

In Fig. 4 ist eine bevorzugte vierte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Batteriemoduls 1 schematisch in einer Schnittdarstellung abgebildet. Das Batteriemodul 1 gemäß dieser bevorzugten vierten Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von dem Batteriemodul 1 gemäß der in Fig. 2 gezeigten bevorzugten dritten Ausführungsform in dem Merkmal, dass die Federvorrichtungen 9, welche das Zellpaket 7 gegen die Modulseitenwände 4 abstützen, anstatt eines Federblechs 13 mehrere Schraubenfedern 11 aufweisen. Die Federvorrichtung 9, welche das Zellpaket 7 gegen den Modulboden abstützt, weist anstatt eines Federblechs 13 mehrere Tellerfedern 12 auf.In Fig. 4 a preferred fourth embodiment of a battery module 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in a sectional view. The battery module 1 according to this The preferred fourth embodiment differs from the battery module 1 according to FIG Fig. 2 shown preferred third embodiment in the feature that the spring devices 9, which support the cell package 7 against the module side walls 4, have a plurality of coil springs 11 instead of a spring plate 13. The spring device 9, which supports the cell package 7 against the module base, has several disc springs 12 instead of a spring plate 13.

In Fig. 5 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs 2 schematisch in einer Seitenansicht abgebildet. Das Kraftfahrzeug weist einen Elektromotor 16 auf, welcher zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeugs 2 ausgebildet ist. Vorzugsweise weist das Kraftfahrzeug 2 mehrere, nicht abgebildete Elektromotoren 16 auf, welche zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeugs 2 ausgebildet sind. Weiter bevorzugt ist der Elektromotor 16 zum Generieren von elektrischem Strom, beispielsweise beim Rekuperieren, ausgebildet. Es kann erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass das Kraftfahrzeug 2 zusätzlich einen nicht abgebildeten Verbrennungsmotor aufweist, welcher beispielsweise zum Antreiben des Kraftfahrzeugs 2 und/oder zum Antreiben des Elektromotors 16 zum Generieren von elektrischem Strom auf. Zum Speichern elektrischer Energie zum Betreiben des Elektromotors 16 weist das Kraftfahrzeug 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriemodul 1 auf.In Fig. 5 a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle 2 according to the invention is shown schematically in a side view. The motor vehicle has an electric motor 16, which is designed to drive the motor vehicle 2. The motor vehicle 2 preferably has a plurality of electric motors 16, not shown, which are designed to drive the motor vehicle 2. More preferably, the electric motor 16 is designed to generate electrical current, for example during recuperation. According to the invention, it can be provided that the motor vehicle 2 additionally has an internal combustion engine, not shown, which, for example, is used to drive the motor vehicle 2 and/or to drive the electric motor 16 to generate electrical current. To store electrical energy for operating the electric motor 16, the motor vehicle 2 has a battery module 1 according to the invention.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

11
BatteriemodulBattery module
22
Kraftfahrzeugmotor vehicle
33
ModulgehäuseModule housing
44
ModulseitenwandModule side wall
4a4a
erste Modulseitenwandfirst module side wall
4b4b
zweite Modulseitenwandsecond module side wall
55
ModulbodenModule floor
66
ModuldeckelModule cover
77
Zellpaketcell packet
88th
BatteriezelleBattery cell
99
FedervorrichtungSpring device
1010
Deformationsraumdeformation space
1111
SchraubenfederCoil spring
1212
TellerfederDisc spring
1313
Federblechspring plate
1414
KühlungsvorrichtungCooling device
1515
AbstützvorrichtungSupport device
1616
ElektromotorElectric motor
1717
Zwischenwandpartition wall
1818
AbstützelementSupport element
1919
RandbereichEdge area
2020
zentraler Bereichcentral area

Claims (7)

  1. Load-bearing battery module (1) for a motor vehicle (2), comprising a module housing (3) having module side walls (4), a module floor (5), and a module cover (6), and comprising a cell package (7) having a plurality of battery cells (8) arranged within the module housing (3),
    characterized in that
    at least one spring device (9) is arranged between at least one first module side wall (4a) and the cell package (7), the spring device (9) being designed to push the cell package (7) in the direction of a second module side wall (4b) opposite the first module side wall (4a) in order to form a deformation space (10) between the first module side wall (4a) and the cell package (7), a cooling device (14) for dissipating heat from the cell package (7) being arranged between the cell package (7) and the module cover (6), a spring device (9) being arranged between the module floor (5) and the cell package (7), the spring device (9) being designed to push the cell package (7) in the direction of the module cover (6) in order to form a deformation space (10) between the module floor (5) and the cell package (7), a support device (15) which extends between the module cover (6) and the module floor (5) being arranged within the module housing (3), and an upper support end of the support device (15) being supported against the module cover (6) or the cooling device (14), and a lower support end of the support device (15) being supported against the spring device (9) arranged between the module floor (5) and the cell packages (7).
  2. Load-bearing battery module (1) according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the at least one spring device (9) comprises a helical spring (11) and/or a disk spring (12).
  3. Load-bearing battery module (1) according to either claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the at least one spring device (9) comprises a spring steel sheet (13).
  4. Load-bearing battery module (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a spring device (9) is arranged between the second module side wall (4b) and the cell package (7), the spring device (9) being designed to push the cell package (7) in the direction of the first module side wall (4a) in order to form a deformation space (10) between the second module side wall (4b) and the cell package (7).
  5. Load-bearing battery module (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    at least two spring devices (9) are designed as a monolithic spring device (9).
  6. Load-bearing battery module (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the support device (15) is arranged in parallel to two opposing module side walls (4) and/or perpendicularly to the module floor (5) and/or module cover (6).
  7. Motor vehicle (2), comprising an electric motor (16) for driving the motor vehicle (2) and a load-carrying battery module (1) for providing electrical energy in order to operate the electric motor (16),
    characterized in that
    the load-bearing battery module (1) is designed according to any of claims 1 to 6.
EP19178171.5A 2018-06-14 2019-06-04 Load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle Active EP3582290B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018114226.9A DE102018114226A1 (en) 2018-06-14 2018-06-14 Load-bearing battery module for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

Publications (2)

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EP3582290A1 EP3582290A1 (en) 2019-12-18
EP3582290B1 true EP3582290B1 (en) 2024-03-06

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KR (1) KR102214890B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110611063B (en)
DE (1) DE102018114226A1 (en)

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KR102545071B1 (en) * 2020-12-08 2023-06-21 비나텍주식회사 Leaf spring for pressurizing cell and electric energy storage pack having the same
DE102022208233A1 (en) 2022-08-08 2024-02-08 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Cell assembly for a battery system
CN116169418B (en) * 2022-12-20 2023-08-08 惠州市纬世新能源有限公司 Lithium battery cell module

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DE102009058070A1 (en) 2009-12-14 2011-06-16 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Cooling device for a battery module
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Publication number Publication date
CN110611063A (en) 2019-12-24
CN110611063B (en) 2022-11-01
DE102018114226A1 (en) 2019-12-19
KR102214890B1 (en) 2021-02-10
EP3582290A1 (en) 2019-12-18
KR20190141592A (en) 2019-12-24

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