EP3580403B1 - Anchor device for pre-stressed cast wall - Google Patents

Anchor device for pre-stressed cast wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3580403B1
EP3580403B1 EP18706816.8A EP18706816A EP3580403B1 EP 3580403 B1 EP3580403 B1 EP 3580403B1 EP 18706816 A EP18706816 A EP 18706816A EP 3580403 B1 EP3580403 B1 EP 3580403B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prestressing
reinforcement
sleeve
prestressing reinforcement
anchor
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EP18706816.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3580403A1 (en
Inventor
Marco NOVARIN
Bertrand Steff De Verninac
Thierry JEANMAIRE
Nicolas DEMEY
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Publication of EP3580403A1 publication Critical patent/EP3580403A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is an anchoring device for prestressed diaphragm wall.
  • Such a diaphragm wall is a reinforced concrete structure to which prestressing cables are added. It is generally obtained by excavating a necessary volume of soil (earth or rock), the dimensions of which are chosen according to the capacities desired for the diaphragm wall.
  • WO 2014135768 A1 , AT 397522 B And GB 2120304 A disclose examples of prestressed diaphragm wall.
  • each prestressing cable may present eccentricity variations in the thickness of the diaphragm wall, following a profile determined in the construction project calculation note.
  • drilling mud for example bentonite mud
  • a reinforcement cage intended to reinforce the concrete of the diaphragm wall is lowered into the excavated volume and filled with mud.
  • Metal sheaths forming prestressing conduits are inserted into the reinforcement cage.
  • Prestressing cables are then threaded into the sheaths and anchored in their lower parts.
  • US 4934118A And US 5079879 A describe systems for anchoring prestressing cables.
  • This concrete gradually replaces the drilling mud which is simultaneously pumped.
  • the diaphragm wall is formed when the concrete has set and reached a mechanical strength deemed sufficient.
  • the execution of the diaphragm wall is completed by the injection of cement grout into the sheaths receiving the prestressing cables.
  • Such prestressing of the diaphragm wall makes it possible to reduce its thickness with equal resistance (compared to a diaphragm wall without prestressing cable).
  • the manufacturing process described above is complex to carry out, since it requires putting in place the sheaths forming prestressing conduits, the prestressing cables, anchoring these cables and injecting the prestressing sheaths with cement grout.
  • Another disadvantage lies in the uncertain quality of the anchoring, linked to the possible heterogeneities of the concrete which may include localized defects such as inclusions of water, drilling mud or soil.
  • prestressing cables are subject to external attacks, in particular corrosion, and it is not uncommon for the cables to corrode locally before installation and complete hardening of the concrete and the injection grout, this corrosion impacting significantly the capacity and safety of the wall.
  • the aim of the invention is to at least partially remedy the drawbacks described above.
  • the subject of the invention is an anchoring device for a pre-stressed diaphragm wall, comprising the characteristics of claim 1.
  • the method of manufacturing the diaphragm wall is simplified, since the anchoring device is pre-fabricated.
  • the anchoring device according to the present invention also makes it possible to ensure effective anchoring and tensioning of each prestressing reinforcement.
  • each prestressing reinforcement is protected against corrosion, including during the manufacture of the diaphragm wall.
  • the anti-corrosion coating comprises a protective sheath of the prestressing reinforcement in a part of the prestressing reinforcement arranged outside the sleeve, and/or the anti-corrosion coating comprises a material for coating the reinforcement. prestressing in a part of the prestressing reinforcement arranged outside the sleeve.
  • the anti-corrosion coating of the sealing part comprises the sealing material placed in contact with the prestressing reinforcement in the socket.
  • the socket comprises an external surface provided with roughness.
  • the roughnesses consist of ribs and/or ringed beads.
  • the device comprises a sheath for encapsulating a sheath of the anchoring sleeve.
  • said at least one prestressing reinforcement comprises several wires spread out and folded back on themselves in the anchoring sleeve.
  • the sealing material is a mortar, for example of the ultra-high performance fiber type or a cement grout.
  • the length of the anchoring sleeve is between 2% and 50% of the length of the prestressing reinforcement, preferably between 2% and 20%.
  • the device comprises a waterproof plug in an overlap zone between a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement in the anchoring sleeve and a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement outside the anchoring sleeve.
  • the invention also relates to a pre-stressed diaphragm wall according to claim 9 comprising at least one anchoring device as described in claim 1, in which the anchoring sleeve is sealed to a portion of the diaphragm wall.
  • the subject of the invention is an anchoring device for a diaphragm wall prestressed.
  • the anchoring device is referenced 1 in the figures, while the pre-stressed diaphragm wall is referenced 2.
  • the anchoring device 1 is now described in detail according to three embodiments.
  • the anchoring device 1 comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement 3.
  • the anchoring device 1 comprises a plurality of prestressing reinforcements 3.
  • the prestressing reinforcement(s) 3 form part of a cable.
  • a cable C comprising three prestressing reinforcements 3, seven reinforcements on the cross-sectional views 1A and 1B.
  • the cable C comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement 3
  • the diaphragm wall 2 may comprise several cables C comprising at least one prestressing reinforcement each.
  • the prestressing reinforcements 3 are for example strands.
  • Each prestressing reinforcement 3 includes an anti-corrosion coating 4, detailed later, over its entire length.
  • the anchoring device 1 also includes a sleeve 5 enveloping the prestressing reinforcements 3.
  • the socket 5 anchors the prestressing reinforcements 3 in the diaphragm wall 2.
  • the sleeve 5 comprises a sealing material so as to coat each prestressing reinforcement 3.
  • the prestressing reinforcements have the same length denoted La.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and it is possible that the reinforcements have lengths La different from each other.
  • Socket 5 has a length denoted Ld.
  • the length Ld of the anchoring sleeve 5 is strictly less than the length La of the prestressing reinforcements 3.
  • the length Ld of the anchoring sleeve 5 is strictly less than the smallest length of the prestressing reinforcements 3, which ensures that each prestressing reinforcement 3 can actually be placed in tension to prestress the diaphragm wall.
  • the length of the sleeve is between 2% and 50% of the length of the reinforcement.
  • the length of the sleeve is between 2% and 20% of the length of the reinforcement.
  • Each prestressing reinforcement 3 has a slenderness of between 10 and 30, for example of the order of 20.
  • slenderness we mean a ratio between length and diameter of the socket.
  • the prestressing reinforcement 3 is adaptable to numerous configurations of molded walls, including including cluttered rebar cages.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 comprises an anti-corrosion coating.
  • the sleeve 5 comprises a sheath 6 made from the sealing material.
  • the sheath 6 has a generally cylindrical shape.
  • the sheath 6 comprises a curved side wall 7 and two opposite bases 8, 9.
  • the base 9 forms the bottom of the sheath 6.
  • the sleeve 5 also includes a sheath 10 for encapsulating the sheath 6.
  • the encapsulation sheath 10 forms the anchor of the anchoring device 1.
  • the socket does not have an encapsulation sheath 10.
  • the sheath 6 participates in the anchoring of the anchoring device 1.
  • the encapsulation sheath 10 is substantially of the same length as the sheath 6.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 is partially inserted into the socket 5.
  • Each frame comprises a first part, 11, otherwise called the running part, and a second part, 12, otherwise called the sealing part.
  • the anchoring device 1 comprises a sheath of individual protection 31 of each prestressing reinforcement 3 and/or a coating material 32 of each prestressing reinforcement 3.
  • coating material is meant a material which has a sufficiently low shear resistance to leave the prestressing reinforcement 3 free to slide.
  • the coating material is flexible, to the extent that the shear force can be considered negligible compared to the force developed by the prestressing reinforcement during its tensioning.
  • the coating material is in a solid state, in the sense that it does not flow, so that the coating is stable.
  • the coating material is for example pasty or semi-pasty.
  • the coating material contributes to the anti-corrosion protection of the prestressing reinforcement.
  • This is, for example, a grease or a wax.
  • the protective sheath is for example made from high density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 is bare, that is to say it does not include any coating material or protective sheath.
  • the sealing part 12 is placed entirely in the socket 5.
  • the current part 11 is arranged mainly outside the socket 5.
  • the current part enters the socket over a short length, for example of the order of 5 cm to 10 cm.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 includes an anti-corrosion coating.
  • the anti-corrosion coating of the current part 11 comprises the protective sheath 31 and/or the coating material 32.
  • the anti-corrosion coating of the sealing part 12 comprises the sealing material placed in direct contact with the prestressing reinforcement 3.
  • the anchoring device 1 comprises at least one waterproof plug to ensure the tightness of the anchoring sleeve 5.
  • the waterproof plug is preferably positioned on the base 8 of the sleeve 5 interfacing between the current part 11 and the sealing part 12 of the prestressing reinforcements 3.
  • the anchoring device comprises a first plug and a second plug.
  • the first plug 13 is positioned on the base 8.
  • the second cap 14 is positioned under the second base 9.
  • the plugs are advantageously made from elastomeric material.
  • the socket 5 comprises an external surface 15 provided with roughnesses 16.
  • the external surface 15 is that of the encapsulation sheath 10 (for figures 1 And 2 ) or that of sheath 6 (for the Figure 3 ).
  • the roughnesses 16 form hooks ensuring better anchoring of the anchoring device 1 in the diaphragm wall 2.
  • the roughnesses 16 are for example constituted by ribs and/or corrugated beads (rings).
  • each of the prestressing reinforcements 3 comprises several wires.
  • the reinforcement can be a strand with seven wires, in a joined bundle with a central wire following the average (rectilinear) route and six peripheral wires in a helix.
  • each of the prestressing reinforcements 3 comprises several wires spread out and folded on themselves in the anchoring sleeve, in fold zones denoted 17.
  • the sealing material of the socket 5 is a mortar, for example of the ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete type (known by the acronym BFUHP) or a cement grout.
  • the encapsulation sheath ensures good confinement and good fit of the socket.
  • ultra-high performance concrete type mortar is advantageous because it ensures the sealing of reinforcements with a straight or slightly undulated path.
  • the anchoring device 1 also comprises an anchoring head 18 or active anchor 18 for each cable and/or prestressing reinforcement 3, by which each reinforcement is put in tension, as visible in the Figure 4 .
  • the anchoring device 1 also includes one or more spacers 20 of the prestressing reinforcements 3.
  • the spacer 20 makes it possible to space the prestressing reinforcements 3 from each other, in order to ensure that each of them is bathed in the sealing material and that the layout has undulations.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 is provided with a crimped sleeve at its lower end, embedded in the sealing part.
  • Each crimped sleeve is advantageously made from ductile, plasticized steel, stamped on the end of the reinforcement.
  • the crimped sleeves ensure good anchoring of the prestressing reinforcement in the sheath.
  • each anchoring device advantageously corresponds to a cable.
  • Each cable comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement, and often, a plurality of prestressing reinforcements.
  • Each cable corresponds to a socket and an anchor head.
  • the anti-corrosion coating 4 comprises the sealing material of the sheath 6, in the sealing part 12 and the sheath 31 and/or the coating material 32 in the current part 11.
  • the invention also relates to the molded wall 2 comprising at least one anchoring device 1.
  • the molded wall also includes a reinforcement cage 19.
  • the reinforcing cage 19 is passive, that is to say stressed proportionally to the actions to which the molded wall 2 is subjected.
  • the anchoring devices 1 are arranged in the reinforcement cage, preferably being held in position in the reinforcement cage.
  • the assembly 21 is arranged in a volume V.
  • Volume V is filled by assembly 21 and by a resistant material, such as concrete.
  • the volume V filled with drilling mud is maintained at a constant level by a drilling mud, for example a bentonite type mud, in order to prevent landslides of the vertical walls of the ground and maintain the volume V according to the desired dimensions.
  • a drilling mud for example a bentonite type mud
  • the diaphragm wall 2 is formed when the concrete has set and reached a mechanical strength deemed sufficient.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 in tension, so as to pre-stress the molded wall.
  • the anchoring devices 1 are entirely manufactured before the prestressed diaphragm wall 2, which makes it possible to significantly simplify the manufacturing process of the prestressed diaphragm wall compared to the prior art.
  • the prior manufacture of the anchoring devices 1 allows control of the quality of sealing of each prestressing reinforcement 3 to the sleeve 5 which cannot be equaled in the event of injection of sealing material during the manufacture of the molded wall 2.
  • each prestressing reinforcement 3 of each anchoring device 1 makes it possible to prevent the devices 1 from being corroded during the manufacture of the prestressed diaphragm wall 2, even if the duration of construction of the diaphragm wall extends over several weeks.
  • each anchoring device 1 is devoid of any sheath forming a conduit for the prestressing cables in the reinforcement cage (reinforced concrete).
  • each reinforcement 3 slides in an individual sheath 31 which is associated with it and/or thanks to the coating material 32, which allows individual tensioning of each reinforcement which does not is not always permitted by the use of a collective conduit according to the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Description

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'ancrage pour paroi moulée précontrainte.The subject of the invention is an anchoring device for prestressed diaphragm wall.

Une telle paroi moulée est une structure de béton armé à laquelle sont ajoutés des câbles de précontrainte. Elle est généralement obtenue par excavation d'un volume nécessaire de sol (terre ou roche), dont les dimensions sont choisies en fonction des capacités souhaitées pour la paroi moulée. WO 2014135768 A1 , AT 397522 B et GB 2120304 A divulguent des exemples de paroi moulée précontrainte.Such a diaphragm wall is a reinforced concrete structure to which prestressing cables are added. It is generally obtained by excavating a necessary volume of soil (earth or rock), the dimensions of which are chosen according to the capacities desired for the diaphragm wall. WO 2014135768 A1 , AT 397522 B And GB 2120304 A disclose examples of prestressed diaphragm wall.

Le tracé de chaque câble de précontrainte peut présenter des variations d'excentricité dans l'épaisseur de la paroi moulée, suivant un profil déterminé dans la note de calcul du projet de construction.The route of each prestressing cable may present eccentricity variations in the thickness of the diaphragm wall, following a profile determined in the construction project calculation note.

Pendant l'excavation, l'éboulement du sol est évité grâce à la mise en place d'une boue de forage (par exemple une boue bentonitique), avec laquelle on remplit progressivement le forage en maintenant un niveau sensiblement constant.During excavation, soil collapse is avoided by placing drilling mud (for example bentonite mud), with which the drilling is gradually filled while maintaining a substantially constant level.

Ensuite, une cage d'armatures destinée à armer le béton de la paroi moulée est descendue dans le volume excavé et rempli de boue.Then, a reinforcement cage intended to reinforce the concrete of the diaphragm wall is lowered into the excavated volume and filled with mud.

Des gaines métalliques formant conduits de précontrainte sont insérées dans la cage d'armatures.Metal sheaths forming prestressing conduits are inserted into the reinforcement cage.

Des câbles de précontrainte sont ensuite enfilés dans les gaines et ancrés dans leurs parties basses. US 4934118 A et US 5079879 A décrivent des systèmes d'ancrage des câbles de précontrainte.Prestressing cables are then threaded into the sheaths and anchored in their lower parts. US 4934118A And US 5079879 A describe systems for anchoring prestressing cables.

Dans l'excavation, dans laquelle se trouvent la cage d'armatures et les câbles de précontrainte, on coule du béton en partant du bas de la paroi, au moyen d'un tube plongeur.In the excavation, in which the reinforcement cage and the prestressing cables are located, concrete is poured starting from the bottom of the wall, using a dip tube.

Ce béton remplace peu à peu la boue de forage qui est simultanément pompée.This concrete gradually replaces the drilling mud which is simultaneously pumped.

La paroi moulée est formée quand le béton a fait prise et atteint une résistance mécanique réputée suffisante.The diaphragm wall is formed when the concrete has set and reached a mechanical strength deemed sufficient.

Il est alors possible de mettre les câbles en tension, depuis des ancrages installés en partie haute, de sorte à pré-contraindre la paroi moulée.It is then possible to put the cables in tension, from anchors installed in the upper part, so as to pre-stress the diaphragm wall.

L'exécution de la paroi moulée est complétée par l'injection d'un coulis de ciment dans les gaines recevant les câbles de précontrainte.The execution of the diaphragm wall is completed by the injection of cement grout into the sheaths receiving the prestressing cables.

Une telle précontrainte de la paroi moulée permet d'en réduire l'épaisseur à résistance égale (par comparaison avec une paroi moulée sans câble de précontrainte).Such prestressing of the diaphragm wall makes it possible to reduce its thickness with equal resistance (compared to a diaphragm wall without prestressing cable).

Néanmoins, le procédé de fabrication décrit ci-avant est complexe à réaliser, puisqu'il nécessite de mettre en place les gaines formant conduits de précontrainte, les câbles de précontrainte, d'ancrer ces câbles et d'injecter les gaines de précontrainte avec du coulis de ciment.However, the manufacturing process described above is complex to carry out, since it requires putting in place the sheaths forming prestressing conduits, the prestressing cables, anchoring these cables and injecting the prestressing sheaths with cement grout.

Un autre inconvénient réside dans la qualité incertaine de l'ancrage, liée aux possibles hétérogénéités du béton qui peut comprendre des défauts localisés tels que des inclusions d'eau, de boue de forage ou de sol.Another disadvantage lies in the uncertain quality of the anchoring, linked to the possible heterogeneities of the concrete which may include localized defects such as inclusions of water, drilling mud or soil.

Par ailleurs, les câbles de précontrainte sont soumis à des agressions extérieures, en particulier la corrosion, et il n'est pas rare que les câbles corrodent localement avant mise en place et durcissement complet du béton et du coulis d'injection, cette corrosion impactant significativement la capacité et la sécurité de la paroi.Furthermore, the prestressing cables are subject to external attacks, in particular corrosion, and it is not uncommon for the cables to corrode locally before installation and complete hardening of the concrete and the injection grout, this corrosion impacting significantly the capacity and safety of the wall.

L'invention est définie dans les revendications annexées. Dans la présente description et les dessins, tous les exemples et descriptions techniques d'appareils, de produits et/ou de méthodes qui ne sont pas couverts par les revendications doivent être considérés comme des exemples utiles à la compréhension de l'invention.The invention is defined in the appended claims. In this description and the drawings, all examples and technical descriptions of apparatus, products and/or methods which are not covered by the claims are to be considered as examples useful for understanding the invention.

Le but de l'invention est de remédier au moins partiellement aux inconvénients décrits ci-dessus.The aim of the invention is to at least partially remedy the drawbacks described above.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'ancrage pour une paroi moulée précontrainte, comprenant les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.To this end, the subject of the invention is an anchoring device for a pre-stressed diaphragm wall, comprising the characteristics of claim 1.

Ainsi, grâce dispositif d'ancrage selon la présente invention, le procédé de fabrication de la paroi moulée est simplifié, puisque le dispositif d'ancrage est pré-fabriqué.Thus, thanks to the anchoring device according to the present invention, the method of manufacturing the diaphragm wall is simplified, since the anchoring device is pre-fabricated.

Le dispositif d'ancrage selon la présente invention permet également d'assurer un ancrage et une mise en tension efficaces de chaque armature de précontrainte.The anchoring device according to the present invention also makes it possible to ensure effective anchoring and tensioning of each prestressing reinforcement.

De plus, chaque armature de précontrainte est protégée contre la corrosion, y compris pendant la fabrication de la paroi moulée.In addition, each prestressing reinforcement is protected against corrosion, including during the manufacture of the diaphragm wall.

Le revêtement anti-corrosion comprend une gaine de protection de l'armature de précontrainte dans une partie de l'armature de précontrainte disposée hors de la douille, et/ou le revêtement anti-corrosion comprend un matériau d'enduction de l'armature de précontrainte dans une partie de l'armature de précontrainte disposée hors de la douille.The anti-corrosion coating comprises a protective sheath of the prestressing reinforcement in a part of the prestressing reinforcement arranged outside the sleeve, and/or the anti-corrosion coating comprises a material for coating the reinforcement. prestressing in a part of the prestressing reinforcement arranged outside the sleeve.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le revêtement anti-corrosion de la partie de scellement comprend le matériau de scellement disposé au contact de l'armature de précontrainte dans la douille.According to one embodiment, the anti-corrosion coating of the sealing part comprises the sealing material placed in contact with the prestressing reinforcement in the socket.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la douille comprend une surface externe munie de rugosités.According to one embodiment, the socket comprises an external surface provided with roughness.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les rugosités sont constituées par des nervures et/ou des bourrelets annelés.According to one embodiment, the roughnesses consist of ribs and/or ringed beads.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif comprend une gaine d'encapsulation d'un fourreau de la douille d'ancrage.According to one embodiment, the device comprises a sheath for encapsulating a sheath of the anchoring sleeve.

Selon un mode de réalisation, ladite au moins une armature de précontrainte comprend plusieurs fils épanouis et repliés sur eux-mêmes dans la douille d'ancrage.According to one embodiment, said at least one prestressing reinforcement comprises several wires spread out and folded back on themselves in the anchoring sleeve.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le matériau de scellement est un mortier, par exemple de type fibré à ultra haute performance ou un coulis de ciment.According to one embodiment, the sealing material is a mortar, for example of the ultra-high performance fiber type or a cement grout.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la longueur de la douille d'ancrage est comprise entre 2% et 50% de la longueur de l'armature de précontrainte, de préférence entre 2% et 20%.According to one embodiment, the length of the anchoring sleeve is between 2% and 50% of the length of the prestressing reinforcement, preferably between 2% and 20%.

Le dispositif comprend un bouchon étanche dans une zone de recouvrement entre une partie de ladite au moins une armature de précontrainte dans la douille d'ancrage et une partie de ladite au moins une armature de précontrainte hors de la douille d'ancrage.The device comprises a waterproof plug in an overlap zone between a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement in the anchoring sleeve and a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement outside the anchoring sleeve.

L'invention a également pour objet une paroi moulée précontrainte selon la revendication 9 comprenant au moins un dispositif d'ancrage tel que décrit dans la revendication 1, dans laquelle la douille d'ancrage est scellée à une portion de la paroi moulée.The invention also relates to a pre-stressed diaphragm wall according to claim 9 comprising at least one anchoring device as described in claim 1, in which the anchoring sleeve is sealed to a portion of the diaphragm wall.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une paroi moulée selon la revendication 10, comprenant :

  • une étape d'excavation dans un sol,
  • une étape d'introduction dans l'excavation d'une cage d'armatures munie d'au moins un dispositif d'ancrage tel que décrit précédemment,
  • une étape de coulage du béton dans l'excavation munie de la cage d'armatures et dudit au moins un dispositif d'ancrage,
  • une étape de mise en tension de chaque armature de précontrainte dudit au moins un dispositif d'ancrage.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a wall molded according to claim 10, comprising:
  • an excavation step in soil,
  • a step of introducing into the excavation a reinforcement cage provided with at least one anchoring device as described above,
  • a step of pouring concrete in the excavation provided with the reinforcement cage and said at least one anchoring device,
  • a step of tensioning each prestressing reinforcement of said at least one anchoring device.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre. Celle-ci est purement illustrative et doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une paroi moulée précontrainte selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • les figures 1A et 1B illustrent des vues en coupe transversale d'un câble de précontrainte respectivement hors de sa douille d'ancrage et dans sa douille d'ancrage ;
  • la figure 1C est une vue de détail d'une section d'une armature de précontrainte dans une partie dite partie courante ;
  • la figure 2 illustre une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une paroi moulée précontrainte selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 illustre une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une paroi moulée précontrainte selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
  • la figure 4 illustre une vue en perspective d'une cage d'armatures munie d'un dispositif d'ancrage selon la présente invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows. This is purely illustrative and must be read in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:
  • there figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a prestressed diaphragm wall according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • THE Figures 1A and 1B illustrate cross-sectional views of a prestressing cable respectively outside its anchoring sleeve and in its anchoring sleeve;
  • there Figure 1C is a detailed view of a section of a prestressing reinforcement in a part called the current part;
  • there figure 2 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a prestressed diaphragm wall according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • there Figure 3 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a prestressed diaphragm wall according to a third embodiment of the invention; And
  • there Figure 4 illustrates a perspective view of a reinforcement cage provided with an anchoring device according to the present invention.

Dispositif d'ancrageAnchoring device

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'ancrage pour une paroi moulée précontrainte.The subject of the invention is an anchoring device for a diaphragm wall prestressed.

Le dispositif d'ancrage est référencé 1 sur les figures, tandis que la paroi moulée précontrainte est référencée 2.The anchoring device is referenced 1 in the figures, while the pre-stressed diaphragm wall is referenced 2.

Le dispositif d'ancrage 1 est maintenant décrit en détails selon trois modes de réalisation.The anchoring device 1 is now described in detail according to three embodiments.

Le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend au moins une armature de précontrainte 3.The anchoring device 1 comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement 3.

Sur les modes de réalisation illustrés, le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend une pluralité d'armatures de précontrainte 3.In the illustrated embodiments, the anchoring device 1 comprises a plurality of prestressing reinforcements 3.

Avantageusement, la ou les armatures de précontrainte 3 font partie d'un câble.Advantageously, the prestressing reinforcement(s) 3 form part of a cable.

Ainsi, sur les figures 1 à 3, est représenté un câble C comprenant trois armatures de précontrainte 3, sept armatures sur les vues en coupe transversales 1A et 1B.Thus, on the figures 1 to 3 , is shown a cable C comprising three prestressing reinforcements 3, seven reinforcements on the cross-sectional views 1A and 1B.

Plus généralement, le câble C comprend au moins une armature de précontrainte 3, et la paroi moulée 2 peut comprendre plusieurs câbles C comptant au moins une armature de précontrainte chacun.More generally, the cable C comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement 3, and the diaphragm wall 2 may comprise several cables C comprising at least one prestressing reinforcement each.

Les armatures de précontrainte 3 sont par exemple des torons.The prestressing reinforcements 3 are for example strands.

Chaque armature de précontrainte 3 comprend un revêtement anti-corrosion 4, détaillé ultérieurement, sur toute sa longueur.Each prestressing reinforcement 3 includes an anti-corrosion coating 4, detailed later, over its entire length.

Le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend également une douille 5 enveloppant les armatures de précontrainte 3.The anchoring device 1 also includes a sleeve 5 enveloping the prestressing reinforcements 3.

La douille 5 forme ancrage des armatures de précontrainte 3 dans la paroi moulée 2.The socket 5 anchors the prestressing reinforcements 3 in the diaphragm wall 2.

Comme visible sur les figures 1 à 3, la douille 5 comprend un matériau de scellement de sorte à enrober chaque armature de précontrainte 3.As visible on the figures 1 to 3 , the sleeve 5 comprises a sealing material so as to coat each prestressing reinforcement 3.

Sur les modes de réalisation illustrés, les armatures de précontrainte présentent une même longueur notée La.In the illustrated embodiments, the prestressing reinforcements have the same length denoted La.

Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation illustrés, et il est possible que les armatures présentent des longueurs La différentes les unes des autres.Of course, the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and it is possible that the reinforcements have lengths La different from each other.

La douille 5 présente une longueur notée Ld.Socket 5 has a length denoted Ld.

Comme il ressort des figures 1 à 3, la longueur Ld de la douille d'ancrage 5 est strictement inférieure à la longueur La des armatures de précontrainte 3.As it appears from the figures 1 to 3 , the length Ld of the anchoring sleeve 5 is strictly less than the length La of the prestressing reinforcements 3.

Dans le cas où les armatures de précontrainte présentent des longueurs différentes, la longueur Ld de la douille d'ancrage 5 est strictement inférieure à la plus petite longueur des armatures de précontrainte 3, ce qui assure que chaque armature de précontrainte 3 puisse effectivement être mise en tension pour précontraindre la paroi moulée.In the case where the prestressing reinforcements have different lengths, the length Ld of the anchoring sleeve 5 is strictly less than the smallest length of the prestressing reinforcements 3, which ensures that each prestressing reinforcement 3 can actually be placed in tension to prestress the diaphragm wall.

Avantageusement, la longueur de la douille est comprise entre 2% et 50% de la longueur de l'armature.Advantageously, the length of the sleeve is between 2% and 50% of the length of the reinforcement.

De préférence, la longueur de la douille est comprise entre 2% et 20% de la longueur de l'armature.Preferably, the length of the sleeve is between 2% and 20% of the length of the reinforcement.

Ces plages de valeurs assurent à la fois un bon ancrage de la douille 5 dans la paroi moulée 2 et un bon allongement de chaque armature de précontrainte 3 pour une meilleure durabilité des efforts de précontrainte.These ranges of values ensure both good anchoring of the sleeve 5 in the diaphragm wall 2 and good elongation of each prestressing reinforcement 3 for better durability of the prestressing forces.

Chaque armature de précontrainte 3 présente un élancement compris entre 10 et 30, par exemple de l'ordre de 20.Each prestressing reinforcement 3 has a slenderness of between 10 and 30, for example of the order of 20.

Par élancement, on entend un rapport entre longueur et diamètre de la douille.By slenderness, we mean a ratio between length and diameter of the socket.

La douille selon l'invention étant élancée, l'armature de précontrainte 3 est adaptable à de nombreuses configurations de parois moulées, y compris des cages d'armatures encombrées.The sleeve according to the invention being slender, the prestressing reinforcement 3 is adaptable to numerous configurations of molded walls, including including cluttered rebar cages.

Selon une autre caractéristique, chaque armature de précontrainte 3 comprend un revêtement anti-corrosion.According to another characteristic, each prestressing reinforcement 3 comprises an anti-corrosion coating.

La douille 5 comprend un fourreau 6 constitué à partir du matériau de scellement.The sleeve 5 comprises a sheath 6 made from the sealing material.

Le fourreau 6 présente une forme générale cylindrique.The sheath 6 has a generally cylindrical shape.

Le fourreau 6 comprend une paroi latérale courbe 7 et deux bases opposées 8, 9.The sheath 6 comprises a curved side wall 7 and two opposite bases 8, 9.

La base 9 forme fond du fourreau 6.The base 9 forms the bottom of the sheath 6.

Sur les modes de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, la douille 5 comprend également une gaine 10 d'encapsulation du fourreau 6.On the modes of realization of figures 1 And 2 , the sleeve 5 also includes a sheath 10 for encapsulating the sheath 6.

Selon ces modes de réalisation, la gaine d'encapsulation 10 forme l'ancrage du dispositif d'ancrage 1.According to these embodiments, the encapsulation sheath 10 forms the anchor of the anchoring device 1.

Sur le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, la douille est dépourvue de gaine d'encapsulation 10.On the method of carrying out the Figure 3 , the socket does not have an encapsulation sheath 10.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, le fourreau 6 participe à l'ancrage du dispositif d'ancrage 1.According to this embodiment, the sheath 6 participates in the anchoring of the anchoring device 1.

La gaine d'encapsulation 10 est sensiblement de même longueur que le fourreau 6.The encapsulation sheath 10 is substantially of the same length as the sheath 6.

Comme visible sur les figures 1 à 3, chaque armature de précontrainte 3 est enfilée partiellement dans la douille 5.As visible on the figures 1 to 3 , each prestressing reinforcement 3 is partially inserted into the socket 5.

Chaque armature comprend une première partie, 11, autrement appelée partie courante, et une deuxième partie, 12, autrement appelée partie de scellement.Each frame comprises a first part, 11, otherwise called the running part, and a second part, 12, otherwise called the sealing part.

Comme visible sur la figure 1C, dans la partie courante 11 de l'armature de précontrainte 3, le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend une gaine de protection individuelle 31 de chaque armature de précontrainte 3 et/ou un matériau d'enduction 32 de chaque armature de précontrainte 3.As visible on the Figure 1C , in the current part 11 of the prestressing reinforcement 3, the anchoring device 1 comprises a sheath of individual protection 31 of each prestressing reinforcement 3 and/or a coating material 32 of each prestressing reinforcement 3.

Par matériau d'enduction, on entend un matériau qui présente une résistance au cisaillement suffisamment faible pour laisser l'armature de précontrainte 3 libre de coulisser.By coating material is meant a material which has a sufficiently low shear resistance to leave the prestressing reinforcement 3 free to slide.

En d'autres termes, le matériau d'enduction est souple, dans la mesure où l'effort de cisaillement peut être considéré comme négligeable par rapport à effort développé par l'armature de précontrainte lors de sa mise en tension.In other words, the coating material is flexible, to the extent that the shear force can be considered negligible compared to the force developed by the prestressing reinforcement during its tensioning.

Le matériau d'enduction est à l'état solide, dans le sens où il ne s'écoule pas, de façon que l'enduction soit stable.The coating material is in a solid state, in the sense that it does not flow, so that the coating is stable.

Le matériau d'enduction est par exemple pâteux ou semi-pâteux.The coating material is for example pasty or semi-pasty.

Le matériau d'enduction participe à la protection anti-corrosion de l'armature de précontrainte.The coating material contributes to the anti-corrosion protection of the prestressing reinforcement.

Il s'agit par exemple d'une graisse ou d'une cire.This is, for example, a grease or a wax.

La gaine de protection est par exemple constituée à base de polyéthylène à haute densité (PEHD).The protective sheath is for example made from high density polyethylene (HDPE).

Dans la partie de scellement 12, chaque armature de précontrainte 3 est nue, c'est-à-dire qu'elle ne comprend ni matériau d'enduction ni gaine de protection.In the sealing part 12, each prestressing reinforcement 3 is bare, that is to say it does not include any coating material or protective sheath.

La partie de scellement 12 est disposée entièrement dans la douille 5.The sealing part 12 is placed entirely in the socket 5.

La partie courante 11 est disposée principalement hors de la douille 5.The current part 11 is arranged mainly outside the socket 5.

Eventuellement, la partie courante pénètre dans la douille sur une longueur faible, par exemple de l'ordre de 5 cm à 10 cm.Optionally, the current part enters the socket over a short length, for example of the order of 5 cm to 10 cm.

En d'autres termes, on peut considérer que la première base 8 de la douille 5 fait interface entre la partie courante 11 et la partie de scellement 12 des armatures de précontrainte 3.In other words, we can consider that the first base 8 of the socket 5 interfaces between the current part 11 and the sealing part 12 prestressing reinforcements 3.

Comme déjà indiqué, chaque armature de précontrainte 3 comprend un revêtement anti-corrosion.As already indicated, each prestressing reinforcement 3 includes an anti-corrosion coating.

Pour chaque armature de précontrainte 3, le revêtement anti-corrosion de la partie courante 11 comprend la gaine de protection 31 et/ou le matériau d'enduction 32.For each prestressing reinforcement 3, the anti-corrosion coating of the current part 11 comprises the protective sheath 31 and/or the coating material 32.

Pour chaque armature de précontrainte 3, le revêtement anti-corrosion de la partie de scellement 12 comprend le matériau de scellement disposé au contact direct de l'armature de précontrainte 3.For each prestressing reinforcement 3, the anti-corrosion coating of the sealing part 12 comprises the sealing material placed in direct contact with the prestressing reinforcement 3.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend au moins un bouchon étanche pour assurer l'étanchéité de la douille d'ancrage 5.According to another characteristic, the anchoring device 1 comprises at least one waterproof plug to ensure the tightness of the anchoring sleeve 5.

Le bouchon étanche est de préférence positionné sur la base 8 de la douille 5 faisant interface entre la partie courante 11 et la partie de scellement 12 des armatures de précontrainte 3.The waterproof plug is preferably positioned on the base 8 of the sleeve 5 interfacing between the current part 11 and the sealing part 12 of the prestressing reinforcements 3.

Sur les modes de réalisation illustrés aux figures 1 et 2, le dispositif d'ancrage comprend un premier bouchon et un second bouchon.On the embodiments illustrated in figures 1 And 2 , the anchoring device comprises a first plug and a second plug.

Le premier bouchon 13 est positionné sur la base 8.The first plug 13 is positioned on the base 8.

Le deuxième bouchon 14 est positionné sous la deuxième base 9.The second cap 14 is positioned under the second base 9.

Les bouchons sont avantageusement constitués à base de matériau élastomère.The plugs are advantageously made from elastomeric material.

Comme il ressort des figures 1 à 3, la douille 5 comprend une surface externe 15 munie de rugosités 16.As it appears from the figures 1 to 3 , the socket 5 comprises an external surface 15 provided with roughnesses 16.

La surface externe 15 est celle de la gaine d'encapsulation 10 (pour les figures 1 et 2) ou celle du fourreau 6 (pour la figure 3).The external surface 15 is that of the encapsulation sheath 10 (for figures 1 And 2 ) or that of sheath 6 (for the Figure 3 ).

Les rugosités 16 forment des accroches assurant un meilleur ancrage du dispositif d'ancrage 1 dans la paroi moulée 2.The roughnesses 16 form hooks ensuring better anchoring of the anchoring device 1 in the diaphragm wall 2.

Les rugosités 16 sont par exemple constituées par des nervures et/ou des bourrelets annelés (anneaux).The roughnesses 16 are for example constituted by ribs and/or corrugated beads (rings).

Sur les modes de réalisation des figures 1 et 3, chacune des armatures de précontrainte 3 comprend plusieurs fils.On the modes of realization of figures 1 And 3 , each of the prestressing reinforcements 3 comprises several wires.

Par exemple, l'armature peut être un toron à sept fils, en faisceau jointif avec un fil central suivant le tracé moyen (rectiligne) et six fils périphériques en hélice.For example, the reinforcement can be a strand with seven wires, in a joined bundle with a central wire following the average (rectilinear) route and six peripheral wires in a helix.

Sur le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, chacune des armatures de précontrainte 3 comprend plusieurs fils épanouis et repliés sur eux-mêmes dans la douille d'ancrage, dans des zones de replis notées 17.On the method of carrying out the figure 2 , each of the prestressing reinforcements 3 comprises several wires spread out and folded on themselves in the anchoring sleeve, in fold zones denoted 17.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le matériau de scellement de la douille 5 est un mortier par exemple de type béton fibré à ultra haute performance (connu sous l'acronyme BFUHP) ou un coulis de ciment.According to another characteristic, the sealing material of the socket 5 is a mortar, for example of the ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete type (known by the acronym BFUHP) or a cement grout.

On note que l'utilisation du coulis de ciment est avantageuse avec les fils épanouis et repliés sur eux-mêmes puisque cette configuration des fils assure un bon ancrage, ne nécessitant pas le recours à un matériau de scellement particulièrement performant.We note that the use of cement grout is advantageous with the wires spread out and folded on themselves since this configuration of the wires ensures good anchoring, not requiring the use of a particularly effective sealing material.

Quand le coulis de ciment est utilisé, la gaine d'encapsulation permet d'assurer un bon confinement, et un bon frettage de la douille.When cement grout is used, the encapsulation sheath ensures good confinement and good fit of the socket.

L'utilisation du mortier de type béton à ultra haute performance est avantageuse car elle permet d'assurer le scellement d'armatures dont le tracé est rectiligne ou faiblement ondulé.The use of ultra-high performance concrete type mortar is advantageous because it ensures the sealing of reinforcements with a straight or slightly undulated path.

L'utilisation de ce mortier de type béton à ultra haute performance, qui offre une bonne résistance en traction, est avantageuse pour éviter le recours à une gaine d'encapsulation 10 de la douille, suivant le mode de réalisation de la figure 3.The use of this ultra-high performance concrete type mortar, which offers good tensile strength, is advantageous for avoiding the need for an encapsulation sheath 10 of the socket, depending on the embodiment of the Figure 3 .

Le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend également une tête d'ancrage 18 ou ancrage actif 18 pour chaque câble et/ou armature de précontrainte 3, par laquelle chaque armature est mise en tension, comme visible à la figure 4.The anchoring device 1 also comprises an anchoring head 18 or active anchor 18 for each cable and/or prestressing reinforcement 3, by which each reinforcement is put in tension, as visible in the Figure 4 .

Le dispositif d'ancrage 1 comprend aussi un ou plusieurs écarteurs 20 des armatures de précontrainte 3.The anchoring device 1 also includes one or more spacers 20 of the prestressing reinforcements 3.

L'écarteur 20 permet d'espacer les armatures de précontrainte 3 les unes des autres, afin d'assurer que chacune d'elles soit baignée dans le matériau de scellement et que le tracé présente des ondulations.The spacer 20 makes it possible to space the prestressing reinforcements 3 from each other, in order to ensure that each of them is bathed in the sealing material and that the layout has undulations.

Selon une variante non illustrée, chaque armature de précontrainte 3 est munie d'un manchon serti à son extrémité basse, noyé dans la partie de scellement.According to a variant not illustrated, each prestressing reinforcement 3 is provided with a crimped sleeve at its lower end, embedded in the sealing part.

Chaque manchon serti est avantageusement constitué à base d'acier ductile, plastifié, matricé sur l'extrémité de l'armature.Each crimped sleeve is advantageously made from ductile, plasticized steel, stamped on the end of the reinforcement.

Les manchons sertis assurent un bon ancrage de l'armature de précontrainte dans le fourreau.The crimped sleeves ensure good anchoring of the prestressing reinforcement in the sheath.

Comme il ressort déjà de la description, chaque dispositif d'ancrage correspond avantageusement à un câble.As is already apparent from the description, each anchoring device advantageously corresponds to a cable.

Chaque câble comprend au moins une armature de précontrainte, et souvent, une pluralité d'armatures de précontrainte.Each cable comprises at least one prestressing reinforcement, and often, a plurality of prestressing reinforcements.

A chaque câble correspond une douille, et une tête d'ancrage.Each cable corresponds to a socket and an anchor head.

Comme il ressort également déjà de la description, le revêtement anti-corrosion 4 comprend le matériau de scellement du fourreau 6, dans la partie de scellement 12 et la gaine 31 et/ou le matériau d'enduction 32 dans la partie courante 11.As is also already apparent from the description, the anti-corrosion coating 4 comprises the sealing material of the sheath 6, in the sealing part 12 and the sheath 31 and/or the coating material 32 in the current part 11.

Paroi mouléeDiaphragm wall

L'invention a également pour objet la paroi moulée 2 comprenant au moins un dispositif d'ancrage 1.The invention also relates to the molded wall 2 comprising at least one anchoring device 1.

Comme visible sur la figure 4, la paroi moulée comprend également une cage d'armatures 19.As visible on the Figure 4 , the molded wall also includes a reinforcement cage 19.

La cage d'armature 19 est passive, c'est-à-dire sollicitée proportionnellement aux actions auxquelles la paroi moulée 2 est soumise.The reinforcing cage 19 is passive, that is to say stressed proportionally to the actions to which the molded wall 2 is subjected.

Comme il ressort de la figure 4, les dispositifs d'ancrage 1 sont disposés dans la cage d'armatures, en étant de préférence maintenus en position dans la cage d'armatures.As it appears from the Figure 4 , the anchoring devices 1 are arranged in the reinforcement cage, preferably being held in position in the reinforcement cage.

L'ensemble de la cage d'armatures et des dispositifs d'ancrage est référencé 21.The entire reinforcing cage and anchoring devices are referenced 21.

L'ensemble 21 est disposé dans un volume V.The assembly 21 is arranged in a volume V.

Le volume V est rempli par l'ensemble 21 et par un matériau résistant, tel que du béton.Volume V is filled by assembly 21 and by a resistant material, such as concrete.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une paroi moulée, comprenant :

  • une étape d'excavation du volume V de sol (terre ou roche), dont les dimensions sont choisies en fonction des capacités souhaitées pour la paroi moulée 2, ce volume V étant rempli d'une boue de forage destinée à maintenir les parois verticales de l'excavation tout en permettant un remplacement progressif lors du coulage du béton,
  • une étape d'introduction dans l'excavation de l'ensemble 21 de la cage d'armatures 19 et des dispositifs d'ancrage 1,
  • une étape de bétonnage du volume V dans lequel se trouvent l'ensemble 21, la boue de forage étant pompée simultanément,
  • une étape de mise en tension de chaque armature de précontrainte de chaque dispositif d'ancrage 1 depuis la tête d'ancrage, à l'extrémité supérieure du dispositif d'ancrage, et
  • une étape de capotage de l'ancrage actif de chacun des dispositifs d'ancrage 1, afin de compléter la protection mécanique et anti-corrosion de ces câbles, puisque la tête est la seule partie exposée du dispositif d'ancrage.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a molded wall, comprising:
  • a step of excavation of the volume V of soil (earth or rock), the dimensions of which are chosen according to the capacities desired for the diaphragm wall 2, this volume V being filled with a drilling mud intended to maintain the vertical walls of excavation while allowing progressive replacement during the pouring of concrete,
  • an introduction step in the excavation of the assembly 21 of the reinforcement cage 19 and the anchoring devices 1,
  • a step of concreting the volume V in which the assembly 21 is located, the drilling mud being pumped simultaneously,
  • a step of tensioning each prestressing reinforcement of each anchoring device 1 from the anchoring head, at the upper end of the anchoring device, and
  • a step of covering the active anchoring of each of the devices anchor 1, in order to complete the mechanical and anti-corrosion protection of these cables, since the head is the only exposed part of the anchoring device.

De préférence, au cours de l'étape d'excavation, on maintient le volume V rempli de boue de forage à un niveau constant par une boue de forage, par exemple une boue de type bentonite, afin de prévenir des éboulements des parois verticales du sol et maintenir le volume V selon les dimensions souhaitées.Preferably, during the excavation step, the volume V filled with drilling mud is maintained at a constant level by a drilling mud, for example a bentonite type mud, in order to prevent landslides of the vertical walls of the ground and maintain the volume V according to the desired dimensions.

Au cours de l'étape de bétonnage, dans l'excavation dans laquelle se trouvent la cage d'armatures 19 et les dispositifs d'ancrage 1, on coule via un tube plongeur 22 du béton qui remplace peu à peu la boue de forage, la boue de forage étant elle-même simultanément pompée.During the concreting stage, in the excavation in which the reinforcement cage 19 and the anchoring devices 1 are located, concrete is poured via a dip tube 22 which gradually replaces the drilling mud, the drilling mud itself being simultaneously pumped.

La paroi moulée 2 est formée quand le béton a fait prise et atteint une résistance mécanique réputée suffisante.The diaphragm wall 2 is formed when the concrete has set and reached a mechanical strength deemed sufficient.

Il est alors possible de mettre chaque armature de précontrainte 3 en tension, de sorte à pré-contraindre la paroi moulée.It is then possible to put each prestressing reinforcement 3 in tension, so as to pre-stress the molded wall.

Comme il ressort du procédé de fabrication de la paroi moulée précontrainte, les dispositifs d'ancrage 1 sont entièrement fabriqués préalablement à la paroi moulée précontrainte 2, ce qui permet de simplifier nettement le procédé de fabrication de la paroi moulée précontrainte par comparaison à l'art antérieur.As can be seen from the manufacturing process of the prestressed diaphragm wall, the anchoring devices 1 are entirely manufactured before the prestressed diaphragm wall 2, which makes it possible to significantly simplify the manufacturing process of the prestressed diaphragm wall compared to the prior art.

La fabrication préalable des dispositifs d'ancrage 1 permet une maîtrise de la qualité de scellement de chaque armature de précontrainte 3 à la douille 5 qui ne peut être égalée en cas d'injection de matériau de scellement au cours de la fabrication de la paroi moulée 2.The prior manufacture of the anchoring devices 1 allows control of the quality of sealing of each prestressing reinforcement 3 to the sleeve 5 which cannot be equaled in the event of injection of sealing material during the manufacture of the molded wall 2.

On note également que le traitement anti-corrosion de chaque armature de précontrainte 3 de chaque dispositif d'ancrage 1 permet d'éviter que les dispositifs 1 ne soient corrodés au cours de la fabrication de la paroi moulée précontrainte 2, et ce, même si la durée de construction de la paroi moulée s'étend sur plusieurs semaines.We also note that the anti-corrosion treatment of each prestressing reinforcement 3 of each anchoring device 1 makes it possible to prevent the devices 1 from being corroded during the manufacture of the prestressed diaphragm wall 2, even if the duration of construction of the diaphragm wall extends over several weeks.

On note aussi que, contrairement à l'art antérieur, chaque dispositif d'ancrage 1 est dépourvu de toute gaine formant conduit des câbles de précontraintes dans la cage d'armatures (du béton armé).We also note that, contrary to the prior art, each anchoring device 1 is devoid of any sheath forming a conduit for the prestressing cables in the reinforcement cage (reinforced concrete).

Au contraire, selon la structure spécifique des armatures de précontrainte 3, chaque armature 3 coulisse dans une gaine individuelle 31 qui lui est associée et/ou grâce au matériau d'enduction 32, ce qui permet une mise en tension individuelle de chaque armature qui n'est pas toujours permise par le recours à un conduit collectif selon l'art antérieur.On the contrary, according to the specific structure of the prestressing reinforcements 3, each reinforcement 3 slides in an individual sheath 31 which is associated with it and/or thanks to the coating material 32, which allows individual tensioning of each reinforcement which does not is not always permitted by the use of a collective conduit according to the prior art.

On note également que contrairement à l'art antérieur, aucune injection de coulis de ciment dans la gaine formant conduit n'est nécessaire, cette dernière étant rendue inutile et chaque armature de précontrainte étant individuellement protégée de la corrosion par sa gaine individuelle 31 et/ou son matériau d'enduction 32 dans la partie courante d'une part, par le matériau de scellement de la douille dans la partie de scellement d'autre part.We also note that unlike the prior art, no injection of cement grout into the sheath forming a conduit is necessary, the latter being rendered useless and each prestressing reinforcement being individually protected from corrosion by its individual sheath 31 and/or or its coating material 32 in the current part on the one hand, by the sealing material of the socket in the sealing part on the other hand.

Claims (10)

  1. Anchor device for a prestressed diaphragm wall (2), comprising at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) and a sleeve (5) encasing said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) and forming an anchorage for said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) in the diaphragm wall (2), a length (Ld) of the anchor sleeve (5) being strictly less than a length (La) of said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3), the anchor sleeve (5) comprising a sealing material disposed in such a way as to coat each prestressing reinforcement (3), the anchor device (1) comprising a corrosion-resistant coating of each prestressing reinforcement (3) over the entire length of the prestressing reinforcement (3), characterized in that the corrosion-resistant coating (4) comprises a duct (31) for protecting the prestressing reinforcement (3) and/or a material (32) for coating the prestressing reinforcement (3) in a part (11) of the prestressing reinforcement (3) disposed outside of the sleeve (5), the anchor device further comprising a sealed plug (13) in an overlap zone between a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) in the anchor sleeve (5) and a part of said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) outside of the anchor sleeve (5).
  2. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the corrosion-resistant coating (4) of the sealing part (12) comprises the sealing material disposed in contact with the prestressing reinforcement (3) in the sleeve (5).
  3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve (5) comprises an outer surface (15) provided with rough areas (16).
  4. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the rough areas (16) are formed by ringed ridges and/or ribs.
  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor sleeve (5) comprises a sheath (6), the anchor sleeve (5) further comprising a duct (10) for encapsulating the sheath (6).
  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3) comprises a plurality of wires spread out and bent back on themselves in the anchor sleeve (5).
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing material is a mortar, for example of the ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete type or a cement grout.
  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the length (Ld) of the anchor sleeve (5) lies in the range 2% to 50% of the length (La) of said at least one prestressing reinforcement (3), preferably in the range 2% to 20%.
  9. Prestressed diaphragm wall comprising at least one anchor device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the anchor sleeve is sealed in a portion of the diaphragm wall.
  10. Method of manufacturing a diaphragm wall, comprising:
    - a step of excavating in the ground,
    - a step of inserting, into the excavation, a reinforcement cage (19) provided with at least one anchor device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    - a step of pouring concrete into the excavation provided with the reinforcement cage (19) and with said at least one anchor device (1),
    - a step of tensioning each prestressing reinforcement (3) of said at least one anchor device (1).
EP18706816.8A 2017-02-13 2018-02-13 Anchor device for pre-stressed cast wall Active EP3580403B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1751164A FR3062862B1 (en) 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 ANCHORING DEVICE FOR PRECONTROLLED MOLDED WALL
PCT/FR2018/050337 WO2018146431A1 (en) 2017-02-13 2018-02-13 Anchor device for pre-stressed cast wall

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EP3580403A1 EP3580403A1 (en) 2019-12-18
EP3580403B1 true EP3580403B1 (en) 2024-03-13

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EP (1) EP3580403B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2018218297B2 (en)
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CA (1) CA3053412A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2019002231A1 (en)
CO (1) CO2019008683A2 (en)
FR (1) FR3062862B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2019009618A (en)
PL (1) PL3580403T3 (en)
SA (1) SA519400105B1 (en)
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CN109680685A (en) * 2019-02-27 2019-04-26 重庆交通大学 Pressure dispersing type antidetonation prestress anchorage cable
CN110258529B (en) * 2019-06-04 2021-08-17 鑫龙冶建设工程有限公司 Post-tensioned prestressed underground continuous wall and construction method thereof
US11982086B2 (en) * 2020-12-16 2024-05-14 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Ultra high-performance concrete bond anchor
CN114575331B (en) * 2022-01-19 2024-03-15 中天建设集团有限公司 Prestress special-shaped underground diaphragm wall and construction method thereof
CN115419050A (en) * 2022-08-05 2022-12-02 浙江省建筑设计研究院 Embedded sleeve combined underground continuous wall and construction method thereof

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US5079879A (en) * 1987-08-24 1992-01-14 Alan Rodriguez Anti-corrosive post-tensioning anchorage system

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US4069677A (en) * 1975-06-20 1978-01-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Nitto Tekuno Group Anchor and method for constructing same
GB2120304B (en) * 1982-05-20 1985-11-20 Gkn Keller Gmbh Forming concrete piles
DE3737393A1 (en) * 1987-11-04 1989-05-18 Strabag Bau Ag TENSIONER FROM FIBER COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TENSIONING AND ANCHORING SUCH A TENSIONER
AT397522B (en) * 1989-08-09 1994-04-25 Sonderbau Gmbh Method of producing a column-shaped body of concrete or the like
GB9708740D0 (en) * 1997-04-29 1997-06-18 Univ Aberdeen Ground anchorage testing system
FR3002956B1 (en) * 2013-03-05 2015-04-10 Soletanche Freyssinet PRECONTRATED MOLDED WALL AND METHOD OF MAKING SUCH A WALL

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US5079879A (en) * 1987-08-24 1992-01-14 Alan Rodriguez Anti-corrosive post-tensioning anchorage system

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EP3580403A1 (en) 2019-12-18
WO2018146431A1 (en) 2018-08-16
SG11201907429XA (en) 2019-09-27
SA519400105B1 (en) 2022-11-25
PL3580403T3 (en) 2024-04-29
BR112019015706A2 (en) 2020-03-24
AU2018218297A1 (en) 2019-08-29
MX2019009618A (en) 2019-10-09
US11377808B2 (en) 2022-07-05
CL2019002231A1 (en) 2019-12-27
FR3062862A1 (en) 2018-08-17
AU2018218297B2 (en) 2023-08-03
CA3053412A1 (en) 2018-08-16
US20200040543A1 (en) 2020-02-06
CO2019008683A2 (en) 2019-10-31
FR3062862B1 (en) 2019-04-05

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