EP3577719B1 - Telekommunikationsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Telekommunikationsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3577719B1
EP3577719B1 EP18707149.3A EP18707149A EP3577719B1 EP 3577719 B1 EP3577719 B1 EP 3577719B1 EP 18707149 A EP18707149 A EP 18707149A EP 3577719 B1 EP3577719 B1 EP 3577719B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic signals
acquisition portion
guide
frequency electromagnetic
ghz
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18707149.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3577719A1 (de
Inventor
Fabio ROSATO
Danilo MAZZEO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fabbrica Italiana Antenne Faini Telecommunication Systems Srl
Original Assignee
Fabbrica Italiana Antenne Faini Telecommunication Systems Srl
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Publication of EP3577719A1 publication Critical patent/EP3577719A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device
    • H01Q5/47—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device with a coaxial arrangement of the feeds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/025—Multimode horn antennas; Horns using higher mode of propagation
    • H01Q13/0258—Orthomode horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H01Q19/132—Horn reflector antennas; Off-set feeding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a telecommunications device.
  • the invention relates to an antenna designed for high-capacity point-to-point, radio link communications.
  • conventional antennas are substantially adapted to receive and/or transmit electromagnetic signals.
  • the aforesaid antennas usually comprise a parabolic mirror or reflector that is adapted to pick up or send electromagnetic signals of desired frequencies.
  • E-band antennas are known in the current state of the art for high-frequency transmissions. These antennas are suitable to process signals within the frequency range of 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz and therefore have high data transmission capacity.
  • E-band transmissions are given by signal attenuation effects related to the distance between the sites to be connected and caused by poor weather conditions such as rain and snow.
  • the reduced wavelength makes the signal less efficient over long ranges and reduces transmission robustness.
  • a second antenna is generally adopted, which is designed for receiving and transmitting signals at lower and therefore more stable frequencies, in order to have a safety connection capable of intervening in case of failure of the main antenna.
  • this solution has the serious drawback of having to add another antenna to the telecommunications system, thus considerably increasing the costs of the equipment and installation in the field, as well as the space required on the antenna-supporting structures, including towers, poles and other necessary equipment.
  • the technical task underlying the present invention is to devise a telecommunications device, which is capable of substantially obviating at least some of the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • a major object of the invention is to obtain a telecommunications device, which is robust over long ranges and in any weather conditions without the addition of auxiliary devices.
  • Another major object of the invention is to provide a device, which is simple to manufacture and has a simplified structure with respect to the solution suggested by the current state of the art.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a telecommunications device, which allows the typical costs of the antennas operating in the current state of the art to be reduced.
  • the measures, values, shapes and geometric references (such as perpendicularity and parallelism), when associated with terms like “about” or other similar terms such as “almost” or “substantially”, are to be understood as unless measurement errors or inaccuracies due to production and/or manufacturing defects and, especially, unless a slight difference from the value, measure, shape, or geometric reference with which it is associated.
  • these terms if associated with a value, preferably indicate a difference not exceeding 10% of the value itself.
  • the telecommunications device according to the invention is indicated as a whole by the numeral 1.
  • the telecommunications device 1 is adapted to transmit and receive electromagnetic signals, therefore is adapted to pick up electromagnetic waves that carry, for example, audio or video or still other information and data.
  • the device 1 comprises a reflector 2, a bidirectional "illuminator or feed" 3 , and a support 4.
  • the reflector 2 defines an operating surface 20 adapted to direct the electromagnetic signals in and out.
  • this operating surface 20 is, for example, a concave surface adapted to focus the data, or rather the electromagnetic waves at a point or in an area of said surface 20.
  • the surface 20 may have different shapes, provided that the full functionality required by the device 1 is guaranteed.
  • the reflector 2 is a parabolic mirror with a diameter of at least 6 dm, and therefore the operating surface 20 is defined by the inside of the parabolic mirror as known in the current state of the art.
  • the reflector 2 is an aluminium parabolic mirror and includes an absorbent material "coating" in order to reduce the transmission and reception of signals for angles exceeding 50 degrees from the main connection axis.
  • the support 2 is constrained to the support 4 and is adapted to direct the electromagnetic signals in and out of the feed 3.
  • It is preferably arranged partly on the operating surface 20 of the reflector 2 and partly inside the support 4. In addition, more in detail, it is arranged in the area where the reflector 2 focuses the input signals, and extends inside part of the support 4.
  • the feed 3 or receiver is a dual-band feed that can operate simultaneously in the e-band frequency range (71-86 GHz) and in a known band frequency range comprised between 17 and 40 GHz.
  • the feed 3 comprises at least a first acquisition portion 30 and a second acquisition portion 31.
  • the first acquisition portion 30 is adapted to receive high frequency signals, in particular of the E-band type, and comprises a well known hollow, substantially cylindrical conductor.
  • the second acquisition portion 31 is adapted to receive low frequency signals.
  • the second acquisition portion 31 is arranged coaxially with respect to the first acquisition portion 30. It also comprises at least one guide 31a.
  • the guide 31a is preferably a part of the second acquisition portion 31 in the shape of a truncated cone oriented so as to be converging from the reflector 2 to the support 4.
  • This guide 31a can be made with metal walls or it can be formed as a recess, for example, inside a portion of the support 4, as in Fig. 7 .
  • the guide 31a comprises a plurality of slots 32.
  • the slots 32 are the end portion of the waveguides 34, with a rectangular section, which are arranged radially with respect to the axis defined by the receiver or feed 3, and hence by the first acquisition portion 30, extending axially along the side surface of the guide 31a.
  • the waveguides 34 are metallic waveguides arranged, in the portion next to the guide 31a, perpendicular to the side surface of the guide 31a and extending radially with respect to the axis of the second acquisition portion 31, and preferably perpendicularly to the surface of the acquisition portion 31.
  • the slots 32, and the waveguides 34 included therein are connected to at least part of the support 4. More conveniently, the slots 32 and the waveguides 34 are housed inside part of the support 4, as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 .
  • the slots 32 may be two, for example for a single-polarization configuration of the device 1, or may be more than two depending on other types of configurations.
  • the slots 32 are four and operatively connected two by two so as to route the input signals with two polarizations, preferably two crossed polarizations H and V, as shown in Fig. 8 .
  • the guide 31a comprises a short-circuited portion 33.
  • the short-circuited portion 33 is arranged at the smaller base of the frustoconical portion. It is, for example, an annular wall made of a conductive material and arranged at the smaller base of the guide 31a around the first acquisition portion 30.
  • the minimum distance between the short-circuited portion 33 and the slots 32 is preferably less than 1 cm, more preferably less than 5 mm, still more preferably less than 2 mm.
  • the short-circuited portion 33 is therefore preferably adjacent to the slots 32 and suitably equidistant from each of them.
  • the above-described second acquisition portion 31 allows transmission of the signal in the low range (18GHz or 23 GHz, etc.).
  • the first portion 30 preferably comprises a hollow cylinder operatively connected to at least part of the support 4. More suitably at least partly included in the support 4.
  • the first portion 30 comprises an inner waveguide 35 consisting of the inner conductive layer of the coaxial cable, which allows transmission of the high range (e-band).
  • the inner waveguide 35 consists of a hollow metal cylinder and extends along the whole axis of the frustoconical portion with the slots 32. Besides enabling the above features, this extension also allows an adequate level of decoupling between the low band and the E-band.
  • the support 4 is a structure suitable for supporting the reflector 2 and the feed or receiver 3.
  • the support structure 5 is, for example, a wall or a flat support surface.
  • the support structure 5 consists of a well-known metal pole as usually found in the current state of the art.
  • the support 4 comprises connections to at least one electrical apparatus 6 and internal components.
  • the components consist of a controller 40, at least a first connector 41 and a second connector 42.
  • the controller 40 is an electric element adapted to transmit electromagnetic signals at different frequencies.
  • the controller 40 is a balanced power divider capable of supplying the second acquisition portion 31, i.e. the coaxial section of the dual-band feed 3, and, independently, of supplying the first acquisition portion 30, i.e. the E-band section.
  • the first connector 41 is operatively connected to the controller 40 and the electrical apparatus 6.
  • the first connector 41 is adapted to transmit low-frequency electromagnetic signals. Therefore, the first connector 41 is preferably electronically or operatively connected to the second acquisition portion 31 via the controller 40. More in detail, the second acquisition portion 31 communicates with the first connector by means of the waveguides 34. These waveguides 34 preferably branch inside the controller as shown in Fig. 9 .
  • the controller 40 comprises one or more printed internal circuits defining transmission paths defined by the waveguides 34 or inside which they are included.
  • Low-frequency electromagnetic signals may be signals defining frequencies ranging from 10 to 40 GHz. More in detail, the first connector is designed to transmit signals at frequencies in the range 17.7-19.7 GHz or 21.2-23.6 GHz.
  • the first connector 41 appears as an opening compatible with a standard waveguide at the frequency to be transmitted, for example R220.
  • this opening may be of a different shape that can be adapted to the specific interface of the radio equipment 6, depending on whether a single-polarization signal or a dual-polarization signal is to be transmitted.
  • the device 1 preferably comprises two first connectors 41 adapted to transmit two signals with different polarity.
  • a configuration of this type is for example shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 .
  • the second connector 42 is also operatively connected to the controller 40 and the electrical apparatus 6.
  • the second connector 42 is adapted to transmit high-frequency electromagnetic signals.
  • the second connector 42 is electronically or operatively connected to the first acquisition portion 30 via the controller 40. More in detail, the first acquisition portion 30, and even more suitably the inner waveguide 35, pass through the controller 40 and are connected to the second connector 41.
  • High-frequency electromagnetic signals are preferably E-band signals and therefore define frequencies between 60 and 90 GHz. Most suitably, high-frequency electromagnetic signals are signals defining frequencies ranging, for example, from 71 to 76 GHz and from 81 to 86 GHz.
  • the second connector 42 appears as an opening compatible with a standard waveguide at the frequency to be transmitted, for example R740.
  • this opening may be of a different shape that can be adapted to the specific interface of the radio equipment 6, depending on whether a single-polarization signal or a dual-polarization signal is to be transmitted, for example as previously described with regard to the configurations of the slots 32 and the related coupling receivers.
  • the device 1 preferably comprises two first connectors 41.
  • the electrical apparatus 6 may consist of one or more electrical networks and may comprise other electrical devices suitable, for example, for processing the signals received or sent by the device 1.
  • the electrical apparatus comprises at least two devices: a first radio 60 and a second radio 61.
  • Both radios 60, 61 are devices known in the state of the art.
  • They may be, for example, selected from a single-polarization, a dual-polarization and a dual-carrier radio as known in the current state of the art.
  • the radios 60, 61 are microwave devices produced by third parties and which are not part of the product object of this invention.
  • the first radio 60 is preferably connected to the first connector 41 and therefore is adapted to process low-frequency signals.
  • the device 1 is of the dual-polarization type, it is preferably provided with two first connectors 41 and two first radios 60 respectively operatively connected to the corresponding first connector 41.
  • the second radio 61 is preferably connected to the second connector 42 and therefore is adapted to process high-frequency signals.
  • the device 1 preferably comprises three connectors, of which two are first connectors 41 and one is a second connector 40, respectively operatively connected to three radios and in particular to two first radios 60 and one second radio 61.
  • the device picks up a signal via the reflector 2 and transmits it to the controller 40 via the feed 3.
  • the controller 40 detects all the different-frequency signals and sends the low-frequency signals, specifically coming from the second acquisition portion 31, to the first connector 41, or first connectors 41, and the high-frequency ones, specifically coming from the first acquisition portion 30, to the second connector 42. Therefore, the device 1 harnesses an excellent transmission quality, but in case of bad weather allows reduced-band signals to be stored, thus allowing uninterrupted data transmission.
  • the telecommunications device 1 according to the invention achieves important advantages.
  • the device 1 allows electromagnetic signals to be sent and received over long ranges and in any weather conditions since, in case of failure of the system due to insufficiently robust E-band frequency signals, the information can be retrieved in parallel and directly reduced-frequency signals that are more robust.
  • the guide 31a allows, thanks to its shape, differently from the prior art, an increase in the scale factor between the guiding and radiating structures.
  • the conical shape comprising the axially extending and radially arranged slots 32, as well as favouring the decoupling between the low and the high band, also favours the gradual transmission of the signals, resulting in an increase in the band that can actually be received.
  • the device 1 appears to have a simplified structure, as it corresponds to the classical single-antenna structure, and is advantageous in terms of overall dimensions.
  • the shape of the guide 31a makes it possible to achieve very compact assemblies that are easy to install.
  • This advantage leads to the further advantage of reducing the costs that would otherwise be high due to the adoption of a plurality of antennas.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Telekommunikationsvorrichtung (1), die darauf ausgelegt ist, elektromagnetische Niederfrequenz- und Hochfrequenz-Signale zu senden und zu empfangen und Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Reflektor (2), der eine zum Senden und Empfangen der genannten elektromagnetischen Signale ausgelegte Arbeitsfläche (20) definiert,
    - eine Speisung (3), die in der Nähe der genannten Arbeitsfläche (20) angeordnet ist und einen ersten hohlen, zylindrischen Erfassungsabschnitt (30) und einen im Verhältnis zu dem genannten ersten Erfassungsabschnitt (30) koaxialen, zweiten Erfassungsabschnitt (31) umfasst, die geeignet sind, die genannten elektromagnetischen Signale bei verschiedenen Frequenzen zu senden,
    - einen Träger (4), der an einer Haltestruktur (5) befestigt und an mindestens ein elektrisches Gerät (6) angeschlossen ist,
    - wobei der genannte Reflektor (2) an dem genannten Träger (4) befestigt und darauf ausgelegt ist, die genannten elektromagnetischen Signale von und zu der genannten Speisung (3) zu übertragen,
    - wobei der genannte Träger (4) Folgendes umfasst
    - einen Koppler (40), der operativ mit der genannten Speisung (3) verbunden und darauf ausgelegt ist, die genannten elektromagnetischen Signale bei verschiedenen Frequenzen zu übertragen,
    - mindestens einen ersten Verbinder (41), der operativ mit dem genannten Koppler (40) und dem genannten elektrischen Gerät (6) verbunden und darauf ausgelegt ist, die von dem genannten zweiten Erfassungsabschnitt (31) kommenden, genannten elektromagnetischen Signale bei niedriger Frequenz zu übertragen, und
    - einen zweiten Verbinder (42), der operativ mit dem genannten Koppler (40) und dem genannten elektrischen Gerät (6) verbunden und darauf ausgelegt ist, die von dem genannten ersten Erfassungsabschnitt (30) kommenden, genannten elektromagnetischen Signale bei hoher Frequenz zu übertragen,
    wobei
    - der genannte erste hohle und zylindrische Erfassungsabschnitt (30) einen aus der inneren leitenden Schicht eines Koaxialkabels bestehenden inneren Wellenleiter (35) umfasst,
    - wobei der genannte zweite Erfassungsabschnitt (31) mindestens einen Leiter (31a) in Form eines Kegelstumpfs umfasst, der so ausgerichtet ist, dass er von dem genannten Reflektor (2) zu dem genannten Träger (4) als konvergierend ist, und einen kurzgeschlossenen Abschnitt (33) an der kleineren Basis des genannten Leiters (31a) umfasst,
    - wobei der genannte Leiter (31a) eine Vielzahl von entlang des genannten Leiters (31a) angeordneten Slots (32) umfasst, von denen jeder einen aQuer Abschnitt aufweist und jeder an Wellenleiter (34) angeschlossen ist, wobei der genannte zweite Erfassungsabschnitt (31) darauf ausgelegt ist, mit dem genannten ersten Verbinder (41) mittels der genannten Wellenleiter (34) zu kommunizieren,
    - wobei die genannten elektromagnetischen Niederfrequenz-Signale Frequenzen zwischen 10 GHz und 40 GHz definieren,
    - wobei die genannten elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenz-Signale Signale des E-Band-Typs sind und Frequenzen zwischen 60 GHz und 90 GHz definieren.
  2. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, worin die genannten Wellenleiter (34) senkrecht zu der Seitenfläche des genannten Leiters (31a) angeordnet sind und im Verhältnis zur Achse des genannten zweiten Erfassungsabschnitts (31) radial verlaufen.
  3. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin der genannte kurzgeschlossene Abschnitt (33) eine an der genannten kleineren Basis des genannten Leiters (31a), um den genannten ersten Erfassungsabschnitt (30) herum angeordnete Wand aus leitfähigem Material umfasst.
  4. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin der genannte kurzgeschlossene Abschnitt (33) zu jedem der genannten Slots (32) einen Mindestabstand von unter 5 mm aufweist.
  5. Vorrichtung (1) nach dem vorangegangenen Anspruch, worin der genannte kurzgeschlossene Abschnitt (33) zu jedem der genannten Slots (32) einen Mindestabstand von unter 2 mm aufweist.
  6. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin die genannten elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenz-Signale Frequenzen zwischen 71 GHz und 76 GHz definieren.
  7. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin die genannten Slots (32) sich winklig im gleichen Abstand entlang des genannten kegelstumpförmigen Leiters (31a) befinden.
  8. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin die genannten Slots (32) in einer Anzahl von vier vorliegen und jeweils paarweise verbunden sind.
  9. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1-5, 7, 8, worin die genannten elektromagnetischen Hochfrequenz-Signale Frequenzen zwischen 81 GHz und 86 GHz definieren.
  10. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin die genannten elektromagnetischen Niederfrequenz-Signale eine Frequenz zwischen 17,7 GHz und 18,7 GHz definieren.
  11. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1-9, worin die genannten elektromagnetischen Niederfrequenz-Signale eine Frequenz zwischen 21,2 GHz und 23,6 GHz definieren.
  12. Vorrichtung (1) nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, worin das genannte elektrische Gerät (6) mindestens ein erstes Funkgerät (60) und ein zweites Funkgerät (61) umfasst und die genannten Funkgeräte (60, 61) wahlweise Funkgeräte mit einzelner Polarisation, doppelter Polarisation bzw. Dual-Carrier sind.
EP18707149.3A 2017-02-02 2018-02-02 Telekommunikationsvorrichtung Active EP3577719B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201700011691 2017-02-02
PCT/IB2018/050674 WO2018142344A1 (en) 2017-02-02 2018-02-02 Telecommunications device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3577719A1 EP3577719A1 (de) 2019-12-11
EP3577719B1 true EP3577719B1 (de) 2022-04-06

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WO (1) WO2018142344A1 (de)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130207742A1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2013-08-15 Thomas D. Monte Orthomode transducer device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6005528A (en) * 1995-03-01 1999-12-21 Raytheon Company Dual band feed with integrated mode transducer
US5907309A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-05-25 L3 Communications Corporation Dielectrically loaded wide band feed
DE102013011651A1 (de) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-15 ESA-microwave service GmbH Antennen-Speisesystem im Mikrowellenbereich für Reflektorantennen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130207742A1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2013-08-15 Thomas D. Monte Orthomode transducer device

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EP3577719A1 (de) 2019-12-11

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