Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
  • B60H1/005—Regenerative cooling means, e.g. cold accumulators
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
  • B60H1/00335—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the gas-air type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
  • F28D2020/0013—Particular heat storage apparatus the heat storage material being enclosed in elements attached to or integral with heat exchange conduits
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
  • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
  • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
  • F28D2021/0085—Evaporators

Definitions

• Heat exchanger in particular an evaporator, having a reservoir of material with phase change
• the field of the invention is that of heat exchangers, of the evaporator type in particular, for a motor vehicle.
• the invention relates to evaporators employing a phase change material.
• these air conditioning devices implement an evaporator comprising a heat exchange beam formed of a stack of tubes and spacers for heat exchange between a flow of air passing through the beam (and more precisely through the spacers) and a coolant (such as a refrigerant) circulating in the tubes.
• a coolant such as a refrigerant
• the heat exchanger implements a phase change material reservoir capable of storing cold when the engine of the motor vehicle is running and then return it to the air passing through the evaporator so as to cool it down. , for a limited time, when the vehicle engine is stopped.
• a heat exchanger of this type partially illustrated in FIG. 1A, comprises a tank plate 20 which, after brazing with an external face of a tube 10 of the heat exchange bundle, forms a tank 21 of phase-change material. .
• the tube 10 is obtained by brazing two plates 11A, 11B between which is disposed an inner spacer 12 ( Figure 1B).
• the tank 21 of phase change material is thus in thermal contact with an outer face of the tube 10, the tank being delimited by the tank plate 20 and an opposite surface corresponding to the outer face of the tube 10.
• a disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that, during brazing of the tank plate 20 on the tube 10, it can occur under the effect of the pressure due to the high temperature prevailing in the brazing furnace, a deformation of the tube 10 towards the interior of the tank 21.
• Such deformation of the tube 10 is undesirable because it causes a reduction in the volume of the tank 21 of phase change material, and therefore the capacity of the tank 21 to store cold.
• the deformation of the tube 10 during brazing can cause insufficient compression of the plates 11A, 11B against the inner spacer 12 of the tube 10.
• the invention proposes a heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator, comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a heat transfer fluid circulation circuit, the heat exchange bundle comprising at least a first tube in which said heat transfer fluid circulates, heat exchanger further comprising at least one phase change material reservoir in thermal contact with an outer face of said at least one first tube, the reservoir being defined by at least one first reservoir plate and an opposing surface.
• said first tank plate has at least one bearing pad coming into contact with said opposite surface.
• the invention thus proposes a heat exchanger, and in particular an evaporator, comprising one or more tanks of phase change material.
• Each reservoir comprises a first reservoir plate and an opposing surface, the latter being formed either by a second reservoir plate, or by an outer face of an adjacent tube.
• phase change material reservoir is in thermal contact with an adjacent or associated heat transfer fluid circulation tube.
• the implementation on the first tank plate of one or more support pads coming to bear on the opposite surface of the reservoir ensures the compression of the adjacent tube and the elements constituting this tube (the two plates vis-à- screw and inner spacer) during the brazing cycle of the heat exchanger. This ensures a good resistance of the tube to the pressure stresses of the coolant circulating in the tube and reduces the risk of rupture of the contact between the elements constituting the tube.
• said at least one bearing pad protrudes inside the tank of phase change material.
• said tank of phase change material is delimited by the first tank plate contiguous to said at least one first tube of said heat exchange bundle, the opposite surface being formed by the external face of said less a first tube.
• phase-change material contained in the reservoir is in direct contact with the adjacent tube, which optimizes the heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid of the adjacent tube and the phase change material of the reservoir.
• said first tank plate has a plurality of support pads.
• the choice of the number of support pads is a function of the stresses exerted during soldering on the heat exchange bundle.
• said support pads are distributed at several positions spaced along the length of said first tank plate.
• said support pads have a flat bottom.
• the flat bottom of said support pads is flush with the plane of the open surface of said first tank plate.
• the support pads come into contact with the outer face of the tube on which is brazed the tank plate.
• said first tank plate has bosses projecting in the opposite direction of the support pads, the bosses delimiting an air passage outside said tank of phase change material.
• said bosses are intended to bear against a second adjacent tube.
• said tank of phase change material is delimited by said first tank plate and a second tank plate contiguous to the first tank plate, the opposite surface being formed by said second tank plate.
• the reservoir of phase change material here consists of two tank plates, which increases the storage volume of the phase change material.
• the second tank plate which then forms the opposite surface, is in mechanical contact with the outer face of the adjacent tube.
• said second tank plate has support pads.
• said bearing pads respectively said first and second tank plates are located vis-à-vis and in contact.
• the invention also proposes a tank plate intended to be implemented in a heat exchanger as described above and which has one or more support pads intended to come into contact with an outer face of a tube of the exchanger. or another tank plate, to form a reservoir of phase change material.
• FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a part of a heat exchange bundle of a prior art heat exchanger using a reservoir of phase change material;
• Figure 1B is a detail view of Figure 1A at a heat transfer fluid circulation tube
• Figure 1C is a partial view of the plate defining the reservoir of phase change material illustrated in Figure 1A;
• FIG. 2A is an exploded partial view of a bundle of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
• Figure 2B is a detail view of Figure 2A at a plate defining a reservoir of phase change material
• Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a beam of a heat exchanger according to the invention, illustrating a tube on which is brazed a phase change material tank plate;
• Figure 3B is a detail view of Figure 3A;
• FIG. 3C is a partial view of the tank plate shown in Figure 3A;
• FIG. 4A is an exploded perspective view of part of the bundle of a heat exchanger according to the invention according to an alternative embodiment;
• Figure 4B is a side view of the heat exchange bundle of Figure 4A.
• the embodiment described below is an evaporator designed for heat exchange between an air flow and a refrigerant, especially for an air conditioning device of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
• the invention also covers a condenser, a radiator or any other heat exchanger, regardless of the fluid that passes through it.
• the evaporator 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle which is partially shown in FIG. 2A.
• the illustrated portion of the beam of the evaporator 1 comprises:
• each of the tubes being obtained by brazing two plates 101A, 101B between which is disposed an inner spacer 102;
• a tank plate 200 disposed between the two tubes 100 and contiguous thereto, forming a storage tank for a phase change material
• the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 1 may consist of of a plurality of stacked tubes 100 parallel with external spacers 300 in a longitudinal stacking direction.
• the external spacers 300 are arranged between two neighboring heat transfer fluid circulation tubes and make it possible to increase the heat exchange surface with a flow of air which passes through the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 1 passing between the tubes 100.
• These external spacers 300 may have corrugations defining passages for the air flow in the direction of the width of the tubes.
• Such external spacers 300 may be made of the same material as the tubes 100, for example of aluminum alloy.
• One or more external spacers 300 are each substituted by a tank of phase change material which is capable of storing cold when the engine of the motor vehicle is running and then restoring it, for a limited time, to the air passing through the evaporator when the vehicle engine is stationary.
• Such a tank of phase change material, formed of a tank plate 200 at least, will be described in more detail later in this description.
• each tube 100 comprises two plates 101A, 101B stamped between which is placed an internal spacer 102 taking the form of corrugated iron.
• the plates 101A and 101B are stamped so as to form, after assembly, two adjacent conduits 110, 111.
• the plates 101A, 101B and the spacer 102 are configured to be assembled together sealingly to form a plurality of channels 103 in each of the conduits 110, 111, inside which circulates a coolant, which is here a fluid refrigerant.
• a coolant which is here a fluid refrigerant.
• the plates 101A, 101B and the spacer 102 are brazed together to provide optimum sealing and mechanical strength.
• a tank plate 200 is configured to be sealed, particularly by brazing, on an outer face of the tube 100 so as to form a reservoir 201 for storing a phase change material.
• the tank plate 200 is contiguous with another tube 100 located above the tank plate 200.
• the reservoir 201 is formed of a first tank plate 200 and an opposite surface, which is constituted by an outer face of a tube 100.
• phase-change material stored in the reservoir 201 is in direct contact with the outer face of the tube 100, which facilitates and improves the heat exchange between the coolant circulating in the tube 100 and the stored phase change material. in the tank 201.
• each tube 100 comprises two external faces intended to be oriented towards a tank plate 200 and an outer spacer 300 respectively.
• Each tube 100 further comprises two internal faces facing each other, and opposed to the external faces, between which is disposed the inner spacer 102.
• the tank plate 200 has an open face whose periphery, or the periphery, 202 is intended to come into contact with the outer face of the upper tube 100, and to be brazed on the latter.
• the underside of the tank plate 200 i.e. the face opposite to the open face, has a plurality of bosses 203 which are distributed over the entire tank plate 200. These bosses 203 protrude in a direction opposite to the open face of the tank plate 200 and perpendicular to the plane of the latter.
• the bosses 203 which all have the same height, are distributed in the longitudinal plane of the tank plate 200 and define an air passage outside the tank 201 of phase change material.
• the bosses 203 of the tank plate 200 coupled to a first tube 100 are tangent or flush with the outer face of a second adjacent tube 100 (the lower tube in FIG. 2A) so that an air flow can flow between the tank plate 200 and the external face of the second tube 100 adjacent to the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 1.
• the air circulating between the tank plate 200 of the first tube 100 adjacent and the outer face of the second tube 100 adjacent is deflected and slowed by the bosses 203 to optimize the heat exchange between the evaporator 1 and the air which crosses it.
• the tank plate 200 has at least one bearing pad 210 which is obtained by stamping the tank plate 200.
• the tank plate In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2A, the tank plate
• the 200 has two bearing pads 210 which are substantially located in the center of the tank plate 200, along its longitudinal axis, and distributed in the width of the tank plate 200, vis-à-vis each of the conduits 110, 111 of the first tube 100 located above the tank plate 200.
• a larger number of support pads 210 may be implemented on the tank plate 200 without departing from the general principle of the invention.
• bearing pads 210 which in this example have a planar bottom surface 211 (FIG. 2B), protrude in a direction opposite to the bosses 203.
• the bottom surface 211 of the bearing pads 210 extends flush with or in the same plane as the periphery 202 of the open surface of the tank plate 200, so that the bottom surface 211 of the pads support 210 comes into contact with the outer surface of the first tube 100 located above the tank plate 200 in Figure 2A and below in Figure 3A, after assembly of the tank plate 200 on the first tube 100.
• this contact between the bottom surface 211 of the bearing pads 210 and the outer face of the first upper tube 100 ensures the compression of the latter between the outer spacer 300 and the tank plate 200, during the soldering of the bundle heat exchange.
• FIG. 3B which is a detail view of FIG. 3A
• the implementation of these bearing pads 210 makes it possible to optimize the contact inside the first tube 100 between the plates 101A, 101B and the inner spacer 102 during brazing so as to ensure an optimal assembly of the first tube 100.
• the plates 101A, 101B and the inner spacer 102 which constitute the tube 100 are compressed between them on the one hand by an outer spacer 300 and on the other part by the support pads 210 of the tank plate 200, the bearing pads 210 applying a negative feedback, which allows a robust assembly of the plates 101A, 101B and the inner spacer 102, and therefore the tube 100.
• the latter is thus able to withstand the pressure stresses generated by the circulation of the coolant in its inner channels 103, the pressure of the coolant conventionally having a nominal value of about 15 bar.
• the single support pad must have dimensions enabling it to come into contact with the two ducts 110, 111 of the adjacent tube 100.
• the number and the position of the support pads 210 on the tank plate 200 may vary according to the brazing temperature of the heat exchanger and the pressure stresses of the coolant circulating in the tubes 100.
• the tank plates 200 and the plates 101A, 101B forming the tubes 100 are preferably made of an aluminum alloy sheet.
• This aluminum alloy sheet may have a thickness of less than 0.3 mm, preferably between 0.24 and 0.28 mm.
• a sheet of thickness less than or equal to 0.27 mm, for example equal to 0.25 mm.
• the tank 201 of phase change material consists of two identical tank plates 200 and contiguous to one another in "mirror", as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
• the tank 201 is formed of a first tank plate 200 and an opposite surface which is constituted by a second tank plate 200.
• the first and second tank plates 200 are assembled in a sealed manner, by brazing, for example.
• first and second tank plates 200 have bosses 203 defining an air passage outside the phase change material tank, between the tank plate 200 and an adjacent tube 100.
• each of the first and second tank plates 200 has six bearing pads 210.
• bearing pads 210 are distributed over the length and the width of the tank plate 200.
• bearing pads 210 of the first tank plate 200 are located opposite the bearing pads 210 of the second tank plate 200.
• the total number of phase change material tanks and tank plates present within the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 1 is a function of its size and length. The longer the heat exchange bundle, the greater the number, in order to ensure homogeneous cooling of the air during a compressor shutdown.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=58501643

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2017
  • 2017-01-23 FR FR1750524A patent/FR3062199B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2018
  • 2018-01-23 EP EP18705093.5A patent/EP3571073A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-01-23 WO PCT/EP2018/051604 patent/WO2018134442A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2018-01-23 CN CN201880008051.5A patent/CN110431028A/zh active Pending

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