EP3569937A1 - Method for operating an air-water heat pump - Google Patents
Method for operating an air-water heat pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3569937A1 EP3569937A1 EP19168373.9A EP19168373A EP3569937A1 EP 3569937 A1 EP3569937 A1 EP 3569937A1 EP 19168373 A EP19168373 A EP 19168373A EP 3569937 A1 EP3569937 A1 EP 3569937A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- heat pump
- sound level
- water heat
- sound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
- F24D19/1072—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/49—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
- F24F2130/40—Noise
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an air-water heat pump for heating a building and to provide hot service water.
- Generic air-water heat pumps have a set up in the outer area of the building unit with an air heat exchanger for transferring the heat from the ambient air evaporator of a refrigeration circuit
- the refrigerant circuit comprises a condenser, a throttle, the evaporator and a compressor and the temperature level from the evaporator to the condenser in lifts.
- the outside air is guided by a blower through the evaporator heat exchanger. It is known that in the erected in the exterior of the building unit only the heat exchanger is provided and the compressor is placed inside the building, the refrigerant circuit connects the units outside and inside, or that the compressor set up in the outdoor area of the building Integrated unit.
- the method according to the invention makes use of the fact that noise is a subjective sensation.
- the sound emissions of an air-water heat pump are then perceived as particularly disturbing when no or only very quiet ambient noise is present. Therefore, in the method according to the invention, the ambient sound level is measured over several days and the sound level values are determined and stored together with the time value. At the same time, a threshold value is set which must be exceeded by the ambient noise, so that the sound emissions of the air-water heat pump are not perceived as disturbing.
- time windows are determined, at which the air-water heat pump can be operated. The time windows can also be differentiated between weekdays and weekends.
- the spectral sensitivity of human hearing is taken into account.
- sound levels of ambient noise that occur in similar frequencies as those of the air-water heat pump, evaluated differently than ambient noise, whose frequency is far above or far below. This has its basis in psychoacoustics, according to which sounds with similar frequencies mask each other more easily. Therefore, ambient noise of a similar frequency to that of the sound emissions of the air-to-water heat pump may exceed the threshold even at lower sound levels.
- the consideration of the frequency response described above is taken into account in the conversion of the measured sound level into the sound level value.
- measured values of at least two sound sensors are used in order to be able to separate the ambient noise from the own sound emissions of the air-water heat pump.
- a sound pickup is more exposed to the sound of the air-water heat pump, in which it is provided for example in the vicinity of the sound source in the air-water heat pump.
- Another Schallauftechnik is remote at a remote location or from the sound source. This may be the outdoor unit of the air-water heat pump away from the ventilation openings or separate from the outdoor unit of the air-water heat pump on the housing of the set up in the outer area of the building building.
- the sound pickup readings are then filtered and combined to eliminate their own sound emissions from the air-to-water heat pump.
- At least one of the sound sensors can be provided in a room requiring protection, so that the sound level in the room requiring protection is measured with the method according to the invention.
- a room in need of protection we understand a room with a high level of peace and quiet, for example a bedroom.
- the threshold value is dynamically adjusted so that a daily minimum operating time of the air-water heat pump is achieved.
- the resulting sound level value low-pass filter low-pass filter.
- the Corner frequency of the low-pass filter is at least five minutes.
- the sound level values in the time axis are shifted forward (into the future). This ensures that the time window for the operation of the air-water heat pump actually begins in spite of the time constants of the low-pass filter when the ambient noise sets in.
- the low-pass filtering may be replaced by a moving averaging. This corresponds to an integration of the noise.
- the centered average is preferably used for the averaging, that is, the stored sound level values are shifted forward half the width of the time window for averaging.
- time windows are formed only within a permissible time range. For example, it can be prevented that the air-water heat pump starts at night.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe bevorzugt genau dann betrieben, wenn in der Umgebung ohnehin ein erhöhter Lärmpegel vorliegt.The invention relates to a method for operating an air-water heat pump. According to the invention, the air-water heat pump is preferably operated precisely when there is an increased noise level in the environment anyway.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe zum Beheizen eines Gebäudes sowie zur Bereitstellung von warmem Brauchwasser.The invention relates to a method for operating an air-water heat pump for heating a building and to provide hot service water.
Gattungsgemäße Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpen verfügen über eine im Außenbereich des Gebäudes aufgestellte Baueinheit mit einem Luft-Wärmtauscher zur Übertragung der Wärme aus der Umgebungsluft auf Verdampfer eines Kältekreises, wobei der Kältekreis einen Kondensator, eine Drossel, den Verdampfer und einen Kompressor umfasst und das Temperaturniveau vom Verdampfer zum Kondensator in anhebt. Dabei wird die Außenluft mittels eines Gebläses durch den Verdampfer-Wärmetauscher geführt. Es ist bekannt, dass in der im Außenbereich des Gebäudes aufgestellten Baueinheit nur der Wärmetauscher vorgesehen ist und der Kompressor im Inneren des Gebäudes aufgestellt ist, wobei der Kältekreis die Baueinheiten außen und innen miteinander verbindet, oder dass der Kompressor in der im Außenbereich des Gebäudes aufgestellten Baueinheit integriert ist.Generic air-water heat pumps have a set up in the outer area of the building unit with an air heat exchanger for transferring the heat from the ambient air evaporator of a refrigeration circuit, the refrigerant circuit comprises a condenser, a throttle, the evaporator and a compressor and the temperature level from the evaporator to the condenser in lifts. The outside air is guided by a blower through the evaporator heat exchanger. It is known that in the erected in the exterior of the building unit only the heat exchanger is provided and the compressor is placed inside the building, the refrigerant circuit connects the units outside and inside, or that the compressor set up in the outdoor area of the building Integrated unit.
Da die gattungsgemäßen Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpen insbesondere in Wohngebieten verwendet werden, ist den Schallemissionen des Gebläses und gegebenenfalls des Kompressors besondere Aufmerksamkeit zu schenken. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Maßnahmen bekannt, die sich auf die passive Schalldämmung durch das Gehäuse der außen aufgestellten Baueinheit, die optimierte Luftführung oder die Optimierung des Gebläses richten. Da die Schallemissionen bereits ein niedriges Niveau erreichen, sind weitere Verbesserungen mit einem unverhältnismäßig hohen Aufwand verbunden.Since the generic air-water heat pumps are used in particular in residential areas, the sound emissions of the fan and optionally the compressor pay particular attention. Various measures are known from the prior art, which are directed to the passive sound insulation through the housing of the externally set-up unit, the optimized air flow or the optimization of the blower. Since the noise emissions already reach a low level, further improvements are associated with a disproportionate effort.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, kostengünstige alternative Maßnahmen zur Verringerung der Lärmbelastung bereitzustellen.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide cost effective alternative measures to reduce the noise pollution.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gemäß dem unabhängigen Anspruch gelöst. Dabei macht sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren die Tatsache zu Nutze, dass Lärm eine subjektive Empfindung ist. Dabei werden die Schallemissionen einer Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe dann als besonders störend empfunden, wenn keine oder nur sehr leise Umgebungsgeräusche vorhanden sind. Daher wird im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren über mehrere Tage der Umgebungsschallpegel gemessen und die Schallpegelwerte ermittelt und zusammen mit dem Zeitwert gespeichert. Zugleich wird ein Schwellenwert festgelegt, der von den Umgebungsgeräuschen überschritten werden muss, damit die Schallemissionen der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe nicht als störend empfunden wird. Anhand des üblichen wöchentlichen Verlaufs der Umgebungsgeräusche werden dann Zeitfenster ermittelt, an denen die Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe betrieben werden kann. Bei den Zeitfenstern kann auch zwischen Wochentagen und Wochenende unterschieden werden.This object is achieved by a method according to the independent claim. The method according to the invention makes use of the fact that noise is a subjective sensation. The sound emissions of an air-water heat pump are then perceived as particularly disturbing when no or only very quiet ambient noise is present. Therefore, in the method according to the invention, the ambient sound level is measured over several days and the sound level values are determined and stored together with the time value. At the same time, a threshold value is set which must be exceeded by the ambient noise, so that the sound emissions of the air-water heat pump are not perceived as disturbing. Based on the usual weekly course of the ambient noise then time windows are determined, at which the air-water heat pump can be operated. The time windows can also be differentiated between weekdays and weekends.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird dabei die spektrale Empfindlichkeit des menschlichen Gehörs berücksichtigt. In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden Schallpegel der Umgebungsgeräusche, die in ähnlichen Frequenzen auftreten wie die der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe, anders bewertet als Umgebungsgeräusche, deren Frequenz weit oberhalb oder weit unterhalb liegen. Dies hat seine Grundlage in der Psychoakustik, gemäß der Schall mit ähnlichen Frequenzen sich gegenseitig leichter maskiert. Daher können Umgebungsgeräusche mit ähnlicher Frequenz wie die der Schallemissionen der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe bereits mit geringeren Schallpegeln den Schwellenwert überschreiten. Die zuvor beschriebene Berücksichtigung des Frequenzgangs findet bei der Umrechnung des gemessenen Schallpegels in den Schallpegelwert Berücksichtigung.In one embodiment of the invention, the spectral sensitivity of human hearing is taken into account. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, sound levels of ambient noise that occur in similar frequencies as those of the air-water heat pump, evaluated differently than ambient noise, whose frequency is far above or far below. This has its basis in psychoacoustics, according to which sounds with similar frequencies mask each other more easily. Therefore, ambient noise of a similar frequency to that of the sound emissions of the air-to-water heat pump may exceed the threshold even at lower sound levels. The consideration of the frequency response described above is taken into account in the conversion of the measured sound level into the sound level value.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung werden Messwerte von mindestens zwei Schallaufnehmern verwendet, um die Umgebungsgeräusche von den eigenen Schallemissionen der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe separieren zu können. Dazu ist ein Schallaufnehmer mehr dem Schall der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe ausgesetzt, in dem er zum Beispiel in der Nähe der Schallquelle in der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe vorgesehen ist. Ein weiterer Schallaufnehmer ist an einem weiter entfernten Ort oder von der Schallquelle abgewandt. Dies kann am Gehäuse der im Außenbereich des Gebäudes aufgestellten Baueinheit die Außeneinheit der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe abseits der Lüftungsöffnungen oder getrennt von der Außeneinheit der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe sein. Die Messwerte der Schallaufnehmer werden dann gefiltert und miteinander kombiniert, um die eigenen Schallemissionen der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe zu eliminieren. Aus dem Bereich der Mobiltelefone sind Vorrichtungen und Verfahren bekannt und hier einsetzbar, um Umgebungsgeräusche von dem Sprachsignal zu trennen und zu unterdrücken. Im vorliegenden Fall sind jedoch die Eigengeräusche zu unterdrücken und die Umgebungsgeräusche sind das Nutzsignal. Das daraus resultierende Ergebnis ergibt den Schallpegelwert.In an advantageous development, measured values of at least two sound sensors are used in order to be able to separate the ambient noise from the own sound emissions of the air-water heat pump. For this purpose, a sound pickup is more exposed to the sound of the air-water heat pump, in which it is provided for example in the vicinity of the sound source in the air-water heat pump. Another Schallaufnehmer is remote at a remote location or from the sound source. This may be the outdoor unit of the air-water heat pump away from the ventilation openings or separate from the outdoor unit of the air-water heat pump on the housing of the set up in the outer area of the building building. The sound pickup readings are then filtered and combined to eliminate their own sound emissions from the air-to-water heat pump. From the field of mobile phones, devices and methods are known and can be used here to separate and suppress ambient noise from the speech signal. In the present case, however, the self-noise must be suppressed and the ambient noise is the useful signal. The resulting result gives the sound level value.
Dabei kann zumindest einer der Schallaufnehmer in einem schutzbedürftigen Raum vorgesehen sein, so dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Schallpegel im schutzbedürftigen Raum gemessen wird. Unter einem schutzbedürftigen Raum wir hier ein Raum mit hohem Ruhe-Anspruch verstanden, zum Beispiel ein Schlafzimmer.In this case, at least one of the sound sensors can be provided in a room requiring protection, so that the sound level in the room requiring protection is measured with the method according to the invention. Under a room in need of protection, we understand a room with a high level of peace and quiet, for example a bedroom.
Bevorzugt wird der Schwellenwert dynamisch so angepasst, dass eine tägliche Mindestbetriebszeit der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe erreicht wird.Preferably, the threshold value is dynamically adjusted so that a daily minimum operating time of the air-water heat pump is achieved.
Damit kurzzeitige Schallereignisse nicht zu einem Anlaufen der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe führen, wird der sich ergebende Schallpegelwert Tiefpass gefiltert. Die Eckfrequenz des Tiefpassfilters ist dabei mindestens fünf Minuten. Um die Zeitverzögerung durch die Tiefpassfilterung zu kompensieren, werden die Schallpegelwerte in der Zeitachse nach vorne (in die Zukunft) geschoben. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass das Zeitfenster für den Betrieb der Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe trotz der Zeitkonstande des Tiefpassfilters tatsächlich dann beginnt, wenn das Umgebungsgeräusch einsetzt. Alternativ kann die Tiefpassfilterung durch eine gleitende Mittelwertbildung ersetzt werden. Dies entspricht einer Aufintegration des Lärms. Auch hier wird bevorzugt der zentrierte Mittelwert für die Mittelwertbildung verwendet, das heißt, dass die gespeicherten Schallpegelwerte um die halbe Breite des Zeitfensters für die Mittelwertbildung nach vorne verschoben werden.So that short-term sound events do not lead to a start-up of the air-water heat pump, the resulting sound level value low-pass filter. The Corner frequency of the low-pass filter is at least five minutes. To compensate for the time delay caused by the low-pass filtering, the sound level values in the time axis are shifted forward (into the future). This ensures that the time window for the operation of the air-water heat pump actually begins in spite of the time constants of the low-pass filter when the ambient noise sets in. Alternatively, the low-pass filtering may be replaced by a moving averaging. This corresponds to an integration of the noise. Again, the centered average is preferably used for the averaging, that is, the stored sound level values are shifted forward half the width of the time window for averaging.
In einer Weiterbildung werden Zeitfenster nur innerhalb eines zulässigen Zeitbereichs gebildet. So kann beispielsweise verhindert werden, dass die Luft-Wasser-Wärmepumpe nachts anläuft.In a further development, time windows are formed only within a permissible time range. For example, it can be prevented that the air-water heat pump starts at night.
In einer anderen Weiterbildung werden für die Ermittlung der Zeitfenster hier mehrere Messungen stärker berücksichtigt. Dadurch finden Änderungen bei den täglichen Umgebungsgeräuschen schnellere Berücksichtigung bei der Bildung der Zeitfenster.In another development, several measurements are taken into greater consideration here for determining the time windows. As a result, changes in the daily ambient noise find faster consideration in the formation of time windows.
Eine Variation der Zeitfenster von Tag zu Tag ermöglicht eine bessere Trennung der Umgebungsgeräusche von den Eigengeräuschen der Lut-Wasser.Wärmepumpe.A variation of the time windows from day to day allows a better separation of the ambient noise from the noise of the Lut-Wasser.Härmepumpe.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018111566.0A DE102018111566A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2018-05-15 | Method for operating an air-to-water heat pump |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3569937A1 true EP3569937A1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
EP3569937B1 EP3569937B1 (en) | 2021-03-17 |
Family
ID=66105038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19168373.9A Active EP3569937B1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-04-10 | Method for operating an air-water heat pump |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3569937B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018111566A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3569937T3 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104566794A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-29 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Room air conditioner control method and system as well as air conditioner adopting method and system |
GB2521217A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | Vent Axia Group Ltd | Extractor fan and control system therefor |
WO2016107815A2 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-07 | Rotex Heating Systems Gmbh | Method and system for influencing the sound emission of a heat pump or of an air-conditioning system |
EP3130862A1 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-15 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Air conditioner and method of operating the same |
-
2018
- 2018-05-15 DE DE102018111566.0A patent/DE102018111566A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-04-10 EP EP19168373.9A patent/EP3569937B1/en active Active
- 2019-04-10 DK DK19168373.9T patent/DK3569937T3/en active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2521217A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2015-06-17 | Vent Axia Group Ltd | Extractor fan and control system therefor |
CN104566794A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-29 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Room air conditioner control method and system as well as air conditioner adopting method and system |
WO2016107815A2 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-07 | Rotex Heating Systems Gmbh | Method and system for influencing the sound emission of a heat pump or of an air-conditioning system |
EP3130862A1 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-15 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Air conditioner and method of operating the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3569937B1 (en) | 2021-03-17 |
DK3569937T3 (en) | 2021-04-19 |
DE102018111566A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 |
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