EP3569866A1 - Kompressor und verfahren zur kontrolle des durchsatzes - Google Patents

Kompressor und verfahren zur kontrolle des durchsatzes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3569866A1
EP3569866A1 EP19172702.3A EP19172702A EP3569866A1 EP 3569866 A1 EP3569866 A1 EP 3569866A1 EP 19172702 A EP19172702 A EP 19172702A EP 3569866 A1 EP3569866 A1 EP 3569866A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
flow rate
pressure
gas
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19172702.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien Durand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP3569866A1 publication Critical patent/EP3569866A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F04D27/0223—Control schemes therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/22—Fluid gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/18—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/19—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/20—Flow
    • F04C2270/205—Controlled or regulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/21—Pressure difference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/10—Kind or type
    • F05B2210/12—Kind or type gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/301—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/303—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2210/00—Working fluids
    • F05D2210/10—Kind or type
    • F05D2210/12—Kind or type gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/301—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/303—Temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressor and a flow control method.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a compressor comprising a compressor wheel, an inlet duct delivering a fluid flow to the compressor wheel for compression and an outlet duct discharging the compressed fluid by the compressor wheel, the compressor comprising a device for measuring the flow of fluid passing through the compressor, the compressor comprising a set of pressure sensor (s) in the inlet pipe and / or in the outlet pipe and at least one temperature sensor in the pipe inlet and / or in the outlet pipe.
  • a compressor especially centrifugal, can not function satisfactorily at any rate. Indeed, for a given rotation speed, a fluid inlet temperature (gas), an inlet pressure (of fluid) and a given fluid (gas), there exists a minimum flow rate below which the operation of the compressor is unstable. This minimum flow rate is the pumping rate ("surge" in English). Operating below this flow rate can cause irreversible damage to the compressor.
  • the measurement of the actual flow is usually carried out using a flow meter placed at the compressor inlet (it can also be measured at the outlet). See for example the figure 1 : reference 2 designates a flow meter.
  • the pumping rate is calculated with a mathematical formula using, for example, the properties of the fluid (fluid type), the measured rotation speed of the compressor wheel 5, the measured inlet temperature (ref. figure 1 ) and the measured inlet pressure (ref. figure 1 ). In some cases, the measured output pressure (ref. figure 1 ) and the measured outlet temperature (ref. figure 1 ) are also used.
  • the measurement of the flow rate can also make it possible, for example, to regulate a flow rate by varying the speed of rotation of the compressor wheel 5 or the position of the fixed vanes at the inlet of the compressor (not shown in the figure).
  • the measured flow can also make it possible to carry out power balances in order to, for example, continuously compare the power injected into the fluid by the compressor (product of the mass flow rate by the increase of enthalpy at the compressor terminals) with the power consumed by the drive motor. This can detect abnormal operation of the compressor.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above.
  • the compressor according to the invention is essentially characterized in that the flow measuring member comprises a computer which receives the values measured by the pressure and temperature sensors, the computer being configured to calculate said gas flow rate from these measured pressure and temperature values.
  • this configuration eliminates the flowmeter used to control and / or monitor a centrifugal compressor.
  • This simplification makes it possible inter alia to make the integration of the centrifugal compressor in an installation easier, to increase the overall efficiency of the compressor by limiting the pressure losses generated by the flow meter and to reduce the risk of compressor failure.
  • the flow rate is calculated without a flowmeter, that is to say only from the pressure and temperature variables measured.
  • Other sizes characteristics of the gas (molar mass, perfect gas constant %) being known.
  • the solution can utilize existing parts and equipment of centrifugal compressors to measure the flow thereof an inlet temperature sensor, an inlet pressure sensor and a convergent gas supplying to the compressor wheel.
  • the invention also relates to a method for controlling the flow rate of a compressor, in particular according to any one of the preceding characteristics, in which the flow rate of the compressor is maintained above a pumping rate with a certain safety margin the method comprising a step of determining the instantaneous flow rate of the compressor, a step of determining the instantaneous pumping rate of the compressor and a step of comparing the instantaneous flow rate and the pumping rate and, when the difference or the ratio between the instantaneous flow rate and the pumping rate is less than a determined safety margin, a step of increasing the instantaneous flow rate of the compressor.
  • the invention also relates to any method using this compressor.
  • the invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features.
  • the compressor conventionally comprises a housing housing a compressor wheel 5, an inlet pipe 1 leading a fluid flow to the compressor wheel 5 for compression and an outlet pipe 6 discharging the compressed fluid by the wheel 5 of compressor.
  • the compressor comprises a set of sensor (s) 3, 9 of pressure and a set of sensor (s) 4, 8 temperature in one or conduits 1, 6.
  • the compressor comprises an inlet pressure sensor 3 measuring the pressure in the inlet pipe 1 and an inlet temperature sensor 4 measuring the temperature in the inlet pipe 1.
  • the compressor may also include an outlet pressure sensor 7 measuring the pressure in the outlet line 6 and an outlet temperature sensor 8 measuring the temperature in the outlet line 6.
  • the compressor does not include a flowmeter in a pipe (in or out) but a differential pressure sensor 9.
  • the differential pressure sensor 9 is arranged in this example in the inlet duct 1 of the compressor.
  • this sensor 9 measures a pressure differential between two points along the inlet pipe 1, in particular between two locations of the inlet pipe 1 having respective distinct sections (for example upstream and downstream of the pipe 1). a convergent portion 12).
  • At least a portion of the sensors 3, 4, 9 are connected to a computer 10 which receives the values measured by the sensors.
  • the computer 10 is configured to calculate the gas flow from these measured pressure and temperature values.
  • calculator an electronic member comprising a microprocessor or an electronic card, including a computer or a PLC or any device or part thereof able and configured to determine this rate.
  • the operation of the compressor may be as follows: the gas enters the inlet pipe 1 and then the convergent portion 12.
  • This convergent portion 12 may in particular be provided so that the diameter of the tubing at the inlet into the compressor is close to or equal to the inlet diameter of the wheel 5 of the compressor.
  • the speeding up of the gas in the convergent portion 12 lowers the static pressure of the gas between the upstream pressure tapping point 13 of the differential pressure sensor 9 and the downstream pressure tapping point 11 of this sensor 9.
  • the measurement signals of the sensors 9, 3 and 4 are then used to calculate the flow rate (mass Qm or other) entering the compressor using, for example, the approximate equation below.
  • Q m K . P . M . .DELTA.P / R . T 0.5
  • the proposed solution makes it possible to reduce all or part of the disadvantages of known solutions: cost, reliability (a differential pressure sensor has high reliability), bulk, pressure drop, leakage, efficiency, availability (a differential pressure sensor can indeed be replaced quickly if it is connected via for example valves to the measuring points).
  • This solution can be implemented on all or part of the stages of a compressor with several stages of compression.
  • differential pressure sensor can be replaced by any other equivalent technology (for example two conventional sensors and the pressure differential is made / calculated by an electronic member, for example the computer 10).
  • the pressure differential may not be measured by the differential pressure sensor 9 but by differentiating between the pressure measured by the sensor 3 and the pressure measured by another pressure sensor (not shown) and connected to the pipe 11.
  • the invention has been described in an example of application to a centrifugal compressor however it could be applied to any other type of suitable compressor, including a screw compressor by applying these measurements / calculations at the convergence of the compressor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP19172702.3A 2018-05-16 2019-05-06 Kompressor und verfahren zur kontrolle des durchsatzes Withdrawn EP3569866A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1854073A FR3081193B1 (fr) 2018-05-16 2018-05-16 Compresseur et procede de controle du debit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3569866A1 true EP3569866A1 (de) 2019-11-20

Family

ID=62874984

Family Applications (1)

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EP19172702.3A Withdrawn EP3569866A1 (de) 2018-05-16 2019-05-06 Kompressor und verfahren zur kontrolle des durchsatzes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3569866A1 (de)
KR (1) KR20190132241A (de)
FR (1) FR3081193B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112146714A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-29 兰州空间技术物理研究所 一种精密气体流量计
IT202200001415A1 (it) * 2022-01-28 2023-07-28 Nuovo Pignone Srl Compressore centrifugo con recupero di energia di riciclo

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4831535A (en) * 1985-12-18 1989-05-16 Man Gutehoffnungshuette Gmbh Method of controlling the surge limit of turbocompressors
US5599161A (en) * 1995-11-03 1997-02-04 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for antisurge control of multistage compressors with sidestreams
US6715287B1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2004-04-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine that is provided with an air system
US20130209218A1 (en) * 2010-06-16 2013-08-15 Sulzer Pump Solutions Ab Turbomachine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4831535A (en) * 1985-12-18 1989-05-16 Man Gutehoffnungshuette Gmbh Method of controlling the surge limit of turbocompressors
US5599161A (en) * 1995-11-03 1997-02-04 Compressor Controls Corporation Method and apparatus for antisurge control of multistage compressors with sidestreams
US6715287B1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2004-04-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine that is provided with an air system
US20130209218A1 (en) * 2010-06-16 2013-08-15 Sulzer Pump Solutions Ab Turbomachine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112146714A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-29 兰州空间技术物理研究所 一种精密气体流量计
CN112146714B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2023-09-26 兰州空间技术物理研究所 一种精密气体流量计
IT202200001415A1 (it) * 2022-01-28 2023-07-28 Nuovo Pignone Srl Compressore centrifugo con recupero di energia di riciclo
WO2023143867A1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. Centrifugal compressor with energy recovery from a recycle line
WO2023143873A1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. Centrifugal compressor with energy recovery from a recycle line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3081193A1 (fr) 2019-11-22
FR3081193B1 (fr) 2020-07-03
KR20190132241A (ko) 2019-11-27

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